US3635457A - Furnaces for molten metal - Google Patents

Furnaces for molten metal Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3635457A
US3635457A US843582A US3635457DA US3635457A US 3635457 A US3635457 A US 3635457A US 843582 A US843582 A US 843582A US 3635457D A US3635457D A US 3635457DA US 3635457 A US3635457 A US 3635457A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
bath
hot gas
molten metal
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US843582A
Inventor
David W King
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Morganite Thermal Designs Ltd
Original Assignee
Morganite Thermal Designs Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Morganite Thermal Designs Ltd filed Critical Morganite Thermal Designs Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3635457A publication Critical patent/US3635457A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0875—Two zones or chambers, e.g. one used for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/0036—Heating elements or systems using burners immersed in the charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type

Definitions

  • a furnace comprises a refractory bath, to hold molten metal up to a given level, a heat-conductive refractory vessel supported in the bath in an upright position and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, so that molten metal can surround the vessel in the bath, said vessel having an upwardly directed mouth above the given metal level, and a fuel burner for producing a highvelocity stream of hot gas directed downwardly into the mouth of the vessel, the inner surface of the vessel forming a reversing baffle, for downward impingement and reverse flow upward of the stream of hot gas, and the vessel having an outlet for hot gas above the given metal level.
  • a stream of hot gas as distinct from flame, is used to heat the refractory vessel.
  • the hottest part of a flame from a simple burner is at some point within the boundaries of the flame which therefore has a diminishing temperature gradient towards the outside. It is however possible to produce from a suitable burner, a highvelocity stream of hot gas more uniform in temperature than a flame and which can therefore, more efiiciently than a flame, uniformly heat to a high temperature a body having a surface swept by the hot gas stream and particularly a vessel of which the inside surface forms a reversing baffle for the hot gas stream.
  • a gas-air burner suitable for producing a high velocity stream of hot gas is described in United Kingdom Pat. Specification No. 1,100,156 and such a burner is preferred for use with the present invention.
  • An open-mouthed refractory vessel suitable for use with the invention may be similar to, or actually consist of, a cupshaped crucible such as is well known for holding molten metal in foundry work and which is made of a refractory material of high thermal conductivity, such as clay-graphite.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a furnace
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section on the line IIII of FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section similar to FIG. 2 but showing a modification.
  • the furnace illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a bath consisting of a casing l, which may be of metal or brickwork, having an intermediate lining 2, of a refractory, thermally insulating material such as diatomaceous brick, and an inner lining 3, of a refractory material resistant to molten metal such as a cast refractory.
  • a casing l which may be of metal or brickwork, having an intermediate lining 2, of a refractory, thermally insulating material such as diatomaceous brick, and an inner lining 3, of a refractory material resistant to molten metal such as a cast refractory.
  • the bath has a sloping end forming an inlet 4 through which are fed billets 5 of metal to be melted, a flap 6 being provided to close the inlet.
  • the top of the bath is closed, except for a ladling opening 7 and a flue 8, by a cover 9 having intermediate and inner linings l0 and 11 of materials similar to those of the linings 2 and 3.
  • An inverted weir l2 depends into the bath from the cover lining 11 down to below a normal molten metal level X--X so as to close off the ladling opening 7 from the space above the metal level from which hot gases can exhaust through the flue 8.
  • a part 9A of the cover is hinged to form an inspecfion door.
  • the inner lining ll of the cover embodies a downwardly directed nozzle 13 for a highvelocity stream of hot gas, from a high-pressure gas-air burner 14 mounted in the cover 9, to enter a clay-graphite, cupshaped refractory vessel 15 mounted on a plinth l6 on the bottom of the bath.
  • the vessel 15 is of such size that. it has a surrounding clearance from the wall of the bath, to provide space for molten metal, and the mouth of the vessel 15 opens above the metal level and with an annular clearance around the nozzle 13.
  • the burner 14 is fed, through pipes 17, with air and gas under pressure so as to produce a high-velocity stream of very hot gas which impinges centrally at the base of the inner surface of the vessel 15 and is reversed, by the baffle effect of such surface, to sweep upwardly over the surface and exhaust around the nozzle 13, over the surface of the metal in the bath and out through the flue 8.
  • the clay-graphite vessel 15 having a high thermal conductivity, becomes heated by the hot gas and transmits heat to the surrounding metal in the bath, the transfer of heat taking place very efficiently through conduction and convection from the center outwards.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modified construction in which the rim of the vessel 15 enters a groove 18 around the nozzle 13, which closes the mouth of the vessel 15, and a ring of outlet ports 19 for the hot gas is provided through the rim of the vessel 15.
  • This arrangement enables the maximum rate of exhaust of hot gas from the vessel 15, and thus the heat transfer time, to be selected to conform to a designed optimum.
  • a furnace comprising a refractory bath, to hold molten metal up to a given level, a heat-conductive cup-shaped refractory vessel supported in the bath in an upright position and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, so that molten metal can surround the vessel in the bath, said vessel having an upwardly directed mouth above the given metal level and closed by a downwardly directed nozzle for passing a highvelocity stream of hot gas from a fuel burner downwardly into the mouth of the vessel, the position surface of the vessel forming a reversing battle for downward impingement and reverse flow upward of the stream of llrot gas, and the vessel having an outlet for hot gas above the given metal level constituted by ports through the rim of the vessel.
  • a furnace according to claim 1 in which the furnace has a cover, the burner is mounted in the cover and the cover has a refractory lining, part of which forms the downwardly directed nozzle for the stream of hot gas, leading from the burner into the vessel.
  • a furnace according to claim 1 including a narrow foot support extending between the bottom of the bath and the base of the vessel and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, such that molten metal can surround the vessel and the bath.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A furnace for molten metal comprises a refractory bath to hold metal surrounding a heater which consists of a cup-shaped refractory vessel which stands in the bath and receives a highvelocity stream of hot gas directed into the mouth of the vessel from a fuel burner.

Description

United States Patent King Jan. 18, 1972 [54] FURNACES FOR MOLTEN METAL x1330 wogner "122/3283 I 2 o ner ...l2 3 1 inventor: David 2,642,129 6/1953 1316666.... ..126/360 R [73] Assignee: Morganite Thermal Desings Limited, Nor- 3,266,485 8/1966 Gino" 6 "126/360 R ton, Worcester, England 2,385,333 9/1945 Clapp et al ..266/33 2,603,476 7/1952 Whiston ..266/33 [2 1 Flledr J y 22,1969 2,958,520 11/1960 Fritz ..266/33 1 APPL 843582 FOREIGN PATENTS 0R APPLICATIONS 1 1 Foreign Application Priority Data 961,175 6/1964 Great Britain 266/33 July 25, 1968 Great Britain ..35500/68 p i Examine,. Gel-a|d Dost Attorney-Larson, Taylor & Hinds [52] US. Cl ..266/33 R, 75/65 R, 126/360 R, 164/316, 266/34 R 511 1111.61 ..C2lc 7/00 [57] ABSTRACT [58] Field 01' Search ..266/33, 34, 39; 164/316; A furnam f molten metal comprises a refractory bath to 75/65 R; 126/360 R1368 hold metal surrounding a heater which consists of a cupshaped refractory vessel which stands in the bath and receives References Cited a highwelocity stream of hot gas directed into the mouth of UNITED STATES PATENTS the vessel from a fuel burner.
1,751,533 3/1930 Taylor... 126/360 R 4 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures 2,299,122 10/1942 Battin ..126/360 R PATENIED JAN I 8 1912 SHEET 2 [IF 2 FURNACES FOR MOLTEN METAL DESCRIPTION This invention relates to furnaces and provides a furnace suitable for melting metal and holding molten metal ready for use, such as in diecasting.
It is known to provide such a furnace consisting of a thermally insulated bath, to hold the molten metal, into which extends an immersion heater which may be an electrical heater or a conduit for flame from a fuel such as gas and air.
According to the present invention, a furnace comprisesa refractory bath, to hold molten metal up to a given level, a heat-conductive refractory vessel supported in the bath in an upright position and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, so that molten metal can surround the vessel in the bath, said vessel having an upwardly directed mouth above the given metal level, and a fuel burner for producing a highvelocity stream of hot gas directed downwardly into the mouth of the vessel, the inner surface of the vessel forming a reversing baffle, for downward impingement and reverse flow upward of the stream of hot gas, and the vessel having an outlet for hot gas above the given metal level.
It is an important feature of the invention that a stream of hot gas, as distinct from flame, is used to heat the refractory vessel. The hottest part of a flame from a simple burner is at some point within the boundaries of the flame which therefore has a diminishing temperature gradient towards the outside. It is however possible to produce from a suitable burner, a highvelocity stream of hot gas more uniform in temperature than a flame and which can therefore, more efiiciently than a flame, uniformly heat to a high temperature a body having a surface swept by the hot gas stream and particularly a vessel of which the inside surface forms a reversing baffle for the hot gas stream.
A gas-air burner suitable for producing a high velocity stream of hot gas is described in United Kingdom Pat. Specification No. 1,100,156 and such a burner is preferred for use with the present invention.
An open-mouthed refractory vessel suitable for use with the invention may be similar to, or actually consist of, a cupshaped crucible such as is well known for holding molten metal in foundry work and which is made of a refractory material of high thermal conductivity, such as clay-graphite.
The invention is illustrated, by way of example, on the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a furnace,
FIG. 2 is a cross section on the line IIII of FIG. 1, and
FIG. 3 is a cross section similar to FIG. 2 but showing a modification.
The furnace illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a bath consisting of a casing l, which may be of metal or brickwork, having an intermediate lining 2, of a refractory, thermally insulating material such as diatomaceous brick, and an inner lining 3, of a refractory material resistant to molten metal such as a cast refractory.
As shown by FIG. 1, the bath has a sloping end forming an inlet 4 through which are fed billets 5 of metal to be melted, a flap 6 being provided to close the inlet.
The top of the bath is closed, except for a ladling opening 7 and a flue 8, by a cover 9 having intermediate and inner linings l0 and 11 of materials similar to those of the linings 2 and 3. An inverted weir l2 depends into the bath from the cover lining 11 down to below a normal molten metal level X--X so as to close off the ladling opening 7 from the space above the metal level from which hot gases can exhaust through the flue 8. A part 9A of the cover is hinged to form an inspecfion door.
Above the center of the bath, the inner lining ll of the cover embodies a downwardly directed nozzle 13 for a highvelocity stream of hot gas, from a high-pressure gas-air burner 14 mounted in the cover 9, to enter a clay-graphite, cupshaped refractory vessel 15 mounted on a plinth l6 on the bottom of the bath.
The vessel 15 is of such size that. it has a surrounding clearance from the wall of the bath, to provide space for molten metal, and the mouth of the vessel 15 opens above the metal level and with an annular clearance around the nozzle 13.
The burner 14 is fed, through pipes 17, with air and gas under pressure so as to produce a high-velocity stream of very hot gas which impinges centrally at the base of the inner surface of the vessel 15 and is reversed, by the baffle effect of such surface, to sweep upwardly over the surface and exhaust around the nozzle 13, over the surface of the metal in the bath and out through the flue 8.
The clay-graphite vessel 15, having a high thermal conductivity, becomes heated by the hot gas and transmits heat to the surrounding metal in the bath, the transfer of heat taking place very efficiently through conduction and convection from the center outwards.
FIG. 3 shows a modified construction in which the rim of the vessel 15 enters a groove 18 around the nozzle 13, which closes the mouth of the vessel 15, and a ring of outlet ports 19 for the hot gas is provided through the rim of the vessel 15. This arrangement enables the maximum rate of exhaust of hot gas from the vessel 15, and thus the heat transfer time, to be selected to conform to a designed optimum.
I claim:
1. A furnace comprising a refractory bath, to hold molten metal up to a given level, a heat-conductive cup-shaped refractory vessel supported in the bath in an upright position and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, so that molten metal can surround the vessel in the bath, said vessel having an upwardly directed mouth above the given metal level and closed by a downwardly directed nozzle for passing a highvelocity stream of hot gas from a fuel burner downwardly into the mouth of the vessel, the position surface of the vessel forming a reversing battle for downward impingement and reverse flow upward of the stream of llrot gas, and the vessel having an outlet for hot gas above the given metal level constituted by ports through the rim of the vessel.
2. A furnace according to claim 1, in which the furnace has a cover, the burner is mounted in the cover and the cover has a refractory lining, part of which forms the downwardly directed nozzle for the stream of hot gas, leading from the burner into the vessel.
3. A furnace according to claim 2, in which the cover is provided with a ladling opening and an inverted weir depending into the bath between the ladling opening and the vessel.
4. A furnace according to claim 1, including a narrow foot support extending between the bottom of the bath and the base of the vessel and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, such that molten metal can surround the vessel and the bath.
I l t i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Dated January 18, 1972 Patent No. 3,635,457
Invent0r(s DAVID KING It is certified that error appears in the above-identified pat and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
Claim 1, at column 2, line 44, "nosition" should be -inner-.
Signed and sealed this 6th day of June 1972.
(SEAL) Attast:
EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. ROBERT GO'I'TSCHALK Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents USCOMMDC 60376-P69 9 US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1959 0365-334 FORM po-wso mo se)

Claims (4)

1. A furnace comprising a refractory bath, to hold molten metal up to a given level, a heat-conductive cup-shaped refractory vessel supported in the bath in an upright position and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, so that molten metal can surround the vessel in the bath, said vessel having an upwardly directed mouth above the given metal level and closed by a downwardly directed nozzle for passing a high-velocity stream of hot gas from a fuel burner downwardly into the mouth of the vessel, the position surface of the vessel forming a reversing baffle for downward impingement and reverse flow upward of the stream of hot gas, and the vessel having an outlet for hot gas above the given metal level constituted by ports through the rim of the vessel.
2. A furnace according to claim 1, in which the furnace has a cover, the burner is mounted in the cover and the cover has a refractory lining, part of which forms the downwardly directed nozzle for the stream of hot gas, leading from the burner into the vessel.
3. A furnace according to claim 2, in which the cover is provided with a ladling opening and an inverted weir depending into the bath between the ladling opening and the vessel.
4. A furnace according to claim 1, including a narrow foot support extending between the bottom of the bath and the base of the vessel and spaced inwardly from the wall of the bath, such that molten metal can surround the vessel and the bath.
US843582A 1968-07-25 1969-07-22 Furnaces for molten metal Expired - Lifetime US3635457A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB35500/68A GB1201119A (en) 1968-07-25 1968-07-25 Improvements in and relating to furnaces for molten metal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3635457A true US3635457A (en) 1972-01-18

Family

ID=10378449

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US843582A Expired - Lifetime US3635457A (en) 1968-07-25 1969-07-22 Furnaces for molten metal

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3635457A (en)
DE (1) DE6929539U (en)
ES (1) ES369871A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2013685A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1201119A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3926416A (en) * 1974-06-03 1975-12-16 Raymond Lee Organization Inc Aluminum holding furnace
US4353532A (en) * 1981-06-29 1982-10-12 Jay Dudley W Aluminum melting furnace
US4432791A (en) * 1983-03-04 1984-02-21 Holcroft & Company Ceramic radiant tube heated aluminum melter and method of melting aluminium
US4561886A (en) * 1980-10-14 1985-12-31 Geskin Ernest S Method of heating, melting and coal conversion and apparatus for the same
US4659375A (en) * 1980-10-14 1987-04-21 Geskin Ernest S Method of heating, melting and coal conversion
WO1996029442A1 (en) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-26 Le Four Industriel Belge Method and apparatus for heating vessels for molten metal baths
US20090309276A1 (en) * 2008-06-16 2009-12-17 Hugens Jr John R Method and apparatus for melting metal
US10598437B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2020-03-24 Aisin Takaoka Co., Ltd. Hybrid metal melting furnace

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3005798A1 (en) * 1980-02-13 1981-08-20 W. Strikfeldt & Koch Gmbh, 5276 Wiehl Electrically heated melting furnace for foundries - uses thermally insulating furnace body and lid which includes double layer of microporous silicic-acid-contg. material

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1751533A (en) * 1926-07-07 1930-03-25 Taylor Huston Oil heater
US2299122A (en) * 1940-03-21 1942-10-20 William I Battin Gas water heater
US2385333A (en) * 1942-02-02 1945-09-25 Carborundum Co Furnace
US2496113A (en) * 1947-06-25 1950-01-31 Wollner Paul Heater for melting bituminous material and for preventing flashing of vapors given off thereby
US2587078A (en) * 1949-01-22 1952-02-26 Wollner Paul Vaporizing type oil burner apparatus
US2603476A (en) * 1949-09-17 1952-07-15 Howard C Whiston Circular open hearth melting furnace
US2642129A (en) * 1951-02-16 1953-06-16 Breese Burners Inc Burner for immersion heaters
US2958520A (en) * 1957-04-26 1960-11-01 Fritz Karl Galvanizing furnace
GB961175A (en) * 1959-09-25 1964-06-17 Heinrich Josef Baggeler Improvements in or relating to devices for heating a metal bath
US3266485A (en) * 1964-04-13 1966-08-16 C M Kemp Mfg Co Recirculating immersion heater

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1751533A (en) * 1926-07-07 1930-03-25 Taylor Huston Oil heater
US2299122A (en) * 1940-03-21 1942-10-20 William I Battin Gas water heater
US2385333A (en) * 1942-02-02 1945-09-25 Carborundum Co Furnace
US2496113A (en) * 1947-06-25 1950-01-31 Wollner Paul Heater for melting bituminous material and for preventing flashing of vapors given off thereby
US2587078A (en) * 1949-01-22 1952-02-26 Wollner Paul Vaporizing type oil burner apparatus
US2603476A (en) * 1949-09-17 1952-07-15 Howard C Whiston Circular open hearth melting furnace
US2642129A (en) * 1951-02-16 1953-06-16 Breese Burners Inc Burner for immersion heaters
US2958520A (en) * 1957-04-26 1960-11-01 Fritz Karl Galvanizing furnace
GB961175A (en) * 1959-09-25 1964-06-17 Heinrich Josef Baggeler Improvements in or relating to devices for heating a metal bath
US3266485A (en) * 1964-04-13 1966-08-16 C M Kemp Mfg Co Recirculating immersion heater

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3926416A (en) * 1974-06-03 1975-12-16 Raymond Lee Organization Inc Aluminum holding furnace
US4561886A (en) * 1980-10-14 1985-12-31 Geskin Ernest S Method of heating, melting and coal conversion and apparatus for the same
US4659375A (en) * 1980-10-14 1987-04-21 Geskin Ernest S Method of heating, melting and coal conversion
US4353532A (en) * 1981-06-29 1982-10-12 Jay Dudley W Aluminum melting furnace
US4432791A (en) * 1983-03-04 1984-02-21 Holcroft & Company Ceramic radiant tube heated aluminum melter and method of melting aluminium
WO1996029442A1 (en) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-26 Le Four Industriel Belge Method and apparatus for heating vessels for molten metal baths
BE1009250A3 (en) * 1995-03-21 1997-01-07 Four Industriel Belge Method and heating tanks for bath metal melt.
US5876661A (en) * 1995-03-21 1999-03-02 Le Four Industriel Belge Heater for tanks containing a bath of molten metal
US20090309276A1 (en) * 2008-06-16 2009-12-17 Hugens Jr John R Method and apparatus for melting metal
US8153049B2 (en) * 2008-06-16 2012-04-10 Fives North American Combustion, Inc. Method and apparatus for melting metal
US10598437B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2020-03-24 Aisin Takaoka Co., Ltd. Hybrid metal melting furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES369871A1 (en) 1971-12-01
DE6929539U (en) 1970-01-15
GB1201119A (en) 1970-08-05
DE1937946A1 (en) 1970-01-29
FR2013685A1 (en) 1970-04-03
DE1937946B2 (en) 1975-10-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3635457A (en) Furnaces for molten metal
US2828516A (en) Ladle for casting metal
US3404199A (en) Heating process in a rotary kiln
US3860223A (en) Melting furnace
USRE28382E (en) Furnaces for molten mktal
US771675A (en) Crucible-furnace and crucible.
US2970829A (en) Method of operation of a top-fired open hearth furnace
US1524397A (en) Smelting furnace
GB630549A (en) Fluid heating
JPS60247464A (en) Heater for lining of metallurgical pan
US3383099A (en) Method and apparatus for rapid heating of solid materials
PL124677B1 (en) Furnace for smelting metals and their alloys
US2497125A (en) Furnace for melting metals and alloys
JPS6160261A (en) Ladle heating device
JPS62244569A (en) Heating method for vessel for molten steel
US1930323A (en) Crucible furnace
GB1585101A (en) Metal melting furnace
GB1585102A (en) Metal vapourising furnace
US3824070A (en) Air heater with internal combustion chamber
US2024707A (en) Crucible furnace
SU504062A1 (en) Gas cast iron furnace
US929831A (en) Melting apparatus.
SU398345A1 (en) FURNACE FOR SINTERING METAL AND CERAMIC PRODUCTS
JPH0332959Y2 (en)
US3203680A (en) Crucible furnace