US3634580A - Process for preparing fibers of the polyester series having different dyeability - Google Patents

Process for preparing fibers of the polyester series having different dyeability Download PDF

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Publication number
US3634580A
US3634580A US796469A US3634580DA US3634580A US 3634580 A US3634580 A US 3634580A US 796469 A US796469 A US 796469A US 3634580D A US3634580D A US 3634580DA US 3634580 A US3634580 A US 3634580A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
filaments
temperature
polyester series
heat
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Expired - Lifetime
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US796469A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hideo Watase
Akira Kobayashi
Tadashi Hirakawa
Atsushi Sugivama
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Teijin Ltd
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Teijin Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P7/00—Dyeing or printing processes combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06P7/005—Dyeing combined with texturising or drawing treatments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/20—Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
    • D06P5/2066—Thermic treatments of textile materials
    • D06P5/2072—Thermic treatments of textile materials before dyeing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for preparing fibers of the polyester series having different dyeability. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for preparing fibers of the polyester series having remarkable dyeing differences along a direction of length of the fibers.
  • a process for preparing fibers having varying shades of color brought about by dyeing a process of unequal drawing after spinning has been known. Portions where a draw ratio is low are dyed in a deep color and portions where a draw ratio is high are dyed in a thin color.
  • the tenacity of the fibers lowers.
  • the present invention improves said various deficiencies brought about in concomitance with imparting to fibers of the polyester series different dyeability through a mass production technique.
  • An object thereof is to provide fibers of the polyester series having different dyeability so that when dyed the fibers show a remarkable ditference in shade along a direction of length of the fibers, wherein mechanical properties of said fibers are retained on the level of practical use.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide fibers of the polyester series wherein change in shade occur at short intervals, and the feel of the fiber is improved by development of peculiar crimps in said fibers of the polyester series having different dyeability.
  • a further object of the resent invention provides a process for continuous mass production at a high speed of fibers of the polyester series having the aforementioned remarkable different dyeability as well as improved feel.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged side elevation of filaments of the polyester series having non-periodic different dyeability provided by the process of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of said filaments of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat treating apparatus used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing relation of heat treating temperature and dyeability of treated fibers.
  • the present invention carries out non-contact heating as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a high temperature atmosphere is created and fibers of the polyester series are made to pass therethrough under low tension.
  • the passing time is momentary, e.g. 0.020.10 second.
  • many filaments 1 gather and they are loosely intertwined in multi filamentary state.
  • difference in a shade of color is brought about on said filament.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 a is a deep color portion, while b is a thin color portion. Coloration of a shade of color is in many cases non-periodic.
  • FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the heat treating temperature C.) (abscissa) and the dyeability (ordinate) in case of heat treating polyethylene terephthalate filaments in high temperature air under low tension for 0.15 second as an example.
  • the dyeability as herein referred to is determined as follows. Namely, the fibers are dyed in a boiling dye bath of Dispersal fast Scarlet B, 4% O.W.F.
  • the fibers are dissolved in a solution of orthochlorophenol and the dyeability is determined from an optical density of 515 m indicated by a relative value when the dyeability of the non-treated fibers is made 1.
  • different dyeability develops. Namely, due to sudden heating filaments shrink. Because the heating is unequal, there is unevenness in shrinking. Due to this unequal shrinking so-called different dyeability occurs, because portions shrinking much are dyed deeply and portions shrinking little are dyed weakly. Also in the present invention there is development of peculiar crimp, which is caused by shrinking of the filaments at the time of heat treatment.
  • a fluid temperature in the heat treat were non-heat-set polyethylene terephthalate yarn (denier, ing zone is considered, which temperature is above the inherent viscosity and draw ratio were same as in the melting point of fibers of the polyester series, preferably a cases of 'Nos. 1-14, shrinkage in boiling water: 12%, temperature higher than said melting point by at least degree of crystallinity: 25%).
  • (1) degree of 100 C. is adopted.
  • the melting point is 270 C., 15 shade was: (O)-remarkable, (A)fairly good, and the fluid temperature for heating is preferably at least (X)-no difference in shade recognized. 370 C.
  • the treating time the pattern in the vicinity of 175 C. in said X-ray diffraction time is determined from a velocity at which the filaments curve, a line was depicted so as to contact an intensity of to be treated pass through the heating zone and the passing X-ray diffraction peak curve. From the highest point A length.
  • the heat treating time is too of said peak of X-ray diffraction pattern, AC was depicted short, a sufficient effect of heat treatment cannot be obperpendicularly to said axis.
  • the heat treating effect varies mainly point of AC with the previously depicted tangent was by the heat treating temperature and time, and because made B and degree of crystallinity was sought from the higher the temperature, the larger the heat treating AB/AC 100%. effect, the time required for obtaining the predetermined As will be apparent from Table 1, when the treating heat treating effect may be short. Again, in the present temperature was less than the melting point of the polyinvention, because the fibers of the polyester series are ester +l00 C., no difference in shade was obtained (Nos. heat treated at a high temperature above the melting point 1, 2 and 3).
  • the heat treating temperature is made T C.
  • the melting point of the fibers of the polyester series is made Tm C.
  • the heat treating time is made 1 (sec.) and relation existing among them is determined.
  • Tm melting point of polyester C.
  • t treating time, see. were plotted on a sheet of logarithmic section paper to obtain empirical Formulas 1 and 2.
  • Fibers of the polyester series are made to pass through a high temperature atmosphere kept at a temperature higher than the melting point of said fibers.
  • a gas is most suitable. Namely, a gas heated to the desired temperature is filled in the cylinder 2 shown in FIG. 3.
  • a gas at a predetermined temperature may be supplied from an entrance 4 at one end and discharged from an exit 5 at the other end or the filaments may be passed through an electricially heated chamber.
  • thermocouple As another kind of a heating apparatus, means of irradiating infrared ray to the filaments may be adopted.
  • a heating apparatus of an optional type other than what is illustrated may be adopted.
  • the heat treating temperature as herein referred to is a temperature of a heating medium in the vicinity of the surface of the fibers to be treated, which can be easily measured by, for instance, a thermocouple.
  • the fibers of the polyester series usable in the present invention are homopolyester or copolyester all or a main part of an acid component of which is terephthalic acid and all or a main part of a glycol component of which is ethylene glycol.
  • a blend which is spun by the conventional process and further subjected to drawing or drawing followed by heat-set treatment is preferable, especially a multifilament yarn is most suitable.
  • the filaments heat treated by the aforementioned process of the present invention and dilferent dyeability state are observed, non-periodic as it is, a very clear shade of color is shown, the changing scope of the color tone is very short and it is possible to obtain a scope of several centimeters or even several millimeters.
  • the fact that the filaments have such complicated different dyeability as mentioned above is very useful depending upon the desired use. Depending upon a dyeing method, for instance, in case of a print, it is possible to make almost invisible different dyeability and the dyed fibers may be olfered for use wherein feel only is estimated.
  • the process of the present invention carries out a non-contact heat treatment, it is possible to treat the fibers continuously at a higher speed.
  • the fibers treated by the process of the present invention retain practical mechanical properties.
  • the fibers treated by the process of the present invention are imparted with different dyeability remarkable in distinction of a shade of color.
  • the fibers treated by the process of the present invention develop peculiar crimp, having special feel.
  • the treated filaments obtained were finely crimped and by dyeing (dyeing for 30 minutes using Dispersal fast Scarlet B, dyeing in the following example was same as this), a shade of color at a cycle of about 2 cm. was brought about on said filaments. Filaments heat treated under conditions same as above except tension was changed to 0.04 g./de. exhibited no crimp, and when the filaments were dyed no periodic shade of color was recognized.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A polyethylene terephthalate yarn having a Y-shaped cross section (50 de./48 fil.) was heat treated at 500 C. under tension of 0.01 g./de. and a withdrawing speed of 300 m./min. As a result of dyeing said yarn, a fine and remarkable shade of color having a cycle of about 5 mm. was brought about.
  • the shrinkage in boiling water of said treated fibers was 2.5% and shrinkage at dry heat of 150 C. was 3.0%.
  • EXAMPLE 4 Polyethylene terephthalate filamentary yarn processed by a false twist method was heat treated at 550 C. under tension of substantially Zero at a withdrawing speed of 300 m./min. As a result yarn having a difference in shade in a direction of length of about 15-20 cm. was obtained.
  • the shrinkage in boiling water of said treated filaments was 0.4% and shrinkage at a dry heat of 150 C. 'was 0.5%.
  • a process for preparing a continuous multifilament yarn of a linear polyester, the filamentary yarn of which consists of deep-dyeing portion and pale-dyeing portion occurring alternatively along the axis of the said yarn which process comprises passing a drawn polyester multifilament yarn through a high temperature stationary atmosphere maintained at a temperature (T) at least C. higher than the melting point (Tm) of said polyester up to about 1000 C., for a period of time (t) of 0.02 to 0.24 second, under a yarn tension of less than 0.03

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US796469A 1968-02-07 1969-02-04 Process for preparing fibers of the polyester series having different dyeability Expired - Lifetime US3634580A (en)

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JP754268 1968-02-07

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US3634580A true US3634580A (en) 1972-01-11

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US (1) US3634580A (xx)
CH (2) CH509423A (xx)
DE (1) DE1906271B2 (xx)
FR (1) FR2001495A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1262354A (xx)
NL (1) NL6901970A (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB497473I5 (xx) * 1973-08-16 1976-02-03
US4026973A (en) * 1973-08-31 1977-05-31 Teijin Limited Process for preparing heat-resistant aromatic polyester filaments
US4087242A (en) * 1976-03-02 1978-05-02 Monsanto North Carolina Incorporated Production of variegated polyester yarn and fabric
US4155889A (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-05-22 Eastman Kodak Company Process for substantially increasing the flexibility of a polyester
US4251481A (en) * 1979-05-24 1981-02-17 Allied Chemical Corporation Continuous spin-draw polyester process
US4296058A (en) * 1978-10-23 1981-10-20 Celanese Corporation Process for enhancing the uniformity of dye uptake of false twist texturized polyethylene terephthalate fibrous materials
US4496505A (en) * 1981-01-19 1985-01-29 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for the production of a polyester fiber dyeable under normal pressure

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB497473I5 (xx) * 1973-08-16 1976-02-03
US3990839A (en) * 1973-08-16 1976-11-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for obtaining irregular shadow dyeings on polyester fibers and mixtures thereof
US4026973A (en) * 1973-08-31 1977-05-31 Teijin Limited Process for preparing heat-resistant aromatic polyester filaments
US4087242A (en) * 1976-03-02 1978-05-02 Monsanto North Carolina Incorporated Production of variegated polyester yarn and fabric
US4155889A (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-05-22 Eastman Kodak Company Process for substantially increasing the flexibility of a polyester
US4296058A (en) * 1978-10-23 1981-10-20 Celanese Corporation Process for enhancing the uniformity of dye uptake of false twist texturized polyethylene terephthalate fibrous materials
US4251481A (en) * 1979-05-24 1981-02-17 Allied Chemical Corporation Continuous spin-draw polyester process
US4496505A (en) * 1981-01-19 1985-01-29 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for the production of a polyester fiber dyeable under normal pressure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6901970A (xx) 1969-08-11
FR2001495A1 (xx) 1969-09-26
DE1906271B2 (de) 1973-12-20
CH509423A (de) 1971-03-15
CH184969A4 (xx) 1971-03-15
DE1906271A1 (de) 1969-08-28
GB1262354A (en) 1972-02-02

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