US3634249A - Lubricating oil composition - Google Patents

Lubricating oil composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US3634249A
US3634249A US776012A US3634249DA US3634249A US 3634249 A US3634249 A US 3634249A US 776012 A US776012 A US 776012A US 3634249D A US3634249D A US 3634249DA US 3634249 A US3634249 A US 3634249A
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United States
Prior art keywords
viscosity
oil
copolymer
oils
propylene
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Expired - Lifetime
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US776012A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Dupas
Marcel Ostyn
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
    • C10M143/02—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties

Definitions

  • Lubricating oil compositions exhibiting good viscosity index, pour point, resistance to oxidation, and shear stability properties may be formulated from mineral oil or synthetic oil base stocks and oily ethylene-propylene copolymers boiling above 450 C. prepared from ethylene and propylene in mole ratio of 1.5-0.4321.
  • the present invention relates to compositions of oily ethylene/propylene copolymers and mineral and/or synthetic oils of the ester type. These compositions have good properties as regards viscosity, in particular viscosity index, pour point, stability in respect of shearing, oxidation, heat etc. It is possible to obtain multi-grade oils rising to grade SAE IO-W-SO.
  • the first consists of intensifying the refining of the mineral oils; but in this case, oils of high viscosity index can only be obtained if the viscosity remains low; it is thus possible to obtain the grade SAE -W-20, but if a change be made to gnade SAE 30, one 'is confined to the oils SAE 20-W-30.
  • the additives at present used for the purpose are, generally speaking, polymers or copolymers of high molecular weight. They fail to give full satisfaction because they stand up badly to oxidation and shearing forces, especially those which appear in the systems of gear transmission or in piston pumps for hydraulic circuits. Now, technical development in these fields takes the form of ever more severe mechanical stresses.
  • oils by the copolymerisation of ethylene and propylene, whose molar ratio is between 1.5 and 0.43 in the presence of catalysts ice consisting of organo-metallic compounds or organic compounds of metals.
  • the catalysts which may be used are selected from mixtures of a heavy metal compound se lected from Subgroups B of Groups IV to VII or Group VIII of the Periodic Table, and one of the following:
  • the catalyst may if desired be prepared in situ, in a solvent comprising a saturated hydrocarbon e.g. heptane and/or an aromatic hydrocarbon e.g. xylene and in a quantity such that the ratio by weight:
  • solvent total dissolved polymer is between 10/7 and 1/ 3.
  • Copolymerisation is carried out in an inert atmosphere, at atmospheric or higher pressure, at a temperature between 40 C. and +80 C. and for preference from -10 C. and +20 C.
  • the polymer is filtered and the solvent evaporated.
  • Hydrogenation on nickel may be carried out under the usual conditions.
  • compositions may contain from 1 to 70% by weight of oily ethylene-propylene copolymer.
  • These synthetic oils of the ester type may for preference be di-2-ethyl-hexyl, di-decyl, or di-nonyl adipate or sebacate, as well as the esters of pentaerythritol.
  • EXAMPLE 1 (l) A mineral base oil A and the heavy fraction of an ethylene-propylene copolymer as defined above were used. They had the following characteristics.
  • Curve 2 is that of the viscosity of 1 98.9" C. as a function of the percentage of copolymer
  • curve 3 is that of the V1. as a function of the copolymer.
  • composition C which represents a motor oil SAE -W-40, was subjected to tests making it possible to appreciate the shearing stability.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show, as a function of the length of operation, in hours, for the composition C and for oil A with the commercial additive, on the one hand the variations in the viscosity index (V.I.) and on the other the variations of Afl/flo:
  • the measurements were carried out with a commercial apparatus with a linear heating system of 1 C. per minute, and a silicone oil as reference substance.
  • the thermal stability is characterised by the temperature from which the product placed under an atmosphere of nitrogen gives a thermal effect. It manifests itself with polyisobutylene from 285 C. whereas with the polymer corresponding to the invention it only appears at 345 C., or a gain in thermal stability of 60 C.
  • the resistance to oxidation amounts to 135 and 315 C. or a gain of 180 C. in favour of the copolymer corresponding to the invention.
  • EXAMPLE 5 A synthetic oil was taken consisting of bis 2- ethylhexyl adipate and the copolymer mentioned in Example 1, according to variable proportions.
  • Viscosity at 17.8 0., extrapolated, est 1 5'0 0 Viscosity at 37.8 C., est 0 1.18 8 18 Vlscoslty at 08.0" 0., cst 11. 40 14. 20 2' 30 iscosity index 145+ I42 112; liour point, C 54 54 -60 (,rade SAE 10-W-30 10-W-40 This clearly shows the improvement in the viscosity index; the obtaining of the grades SAE 1 0-W-30 and 10-W-40 is possible.
  • EXAMPLE 6 6 carried out with the apparatus model CCSl sold by the firm of Cannon Instrument Co., Philadelphia, USA.
  • a lubricating composition comprising a major Temperature of oil 0 amount of a base oil1 whichi does not mic; Ehe visiosity re- Injector inlet pressure 250 atmospheres 40 'i f g a i t1 i e Se p Injector outlet pressure 1 atmosphere .conS1?tmg o 01 a Syn e 10 es er u mg 011 and a viscosity 'lIIlPIOVlHg amount of at least 1 wt.
  • a catalyst comprising a mixture of tri-allkyl aluminum and titanium tetrachloride in a mole ratio of between 1:l
  • EXAMPLE 7 60 and 10m Ternary mixtures were taken consisting of bis-2-e hyl- 2.
  • a composition as claimed in claim wherein the cataheXyl p a mineral Oil D of yp 100 neutral Solvent lyst is prepared in situ in a solvent selected from the group and the copolymer shown in Example 1, according to the consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon and an aromatic following percentages by weight: hydrocarbon so that the ratio by weight of solvent to total dissolved copolymer is 1.43-0.33z1.
  • a composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the to become an ASTM method under the designation synthetic ester lubricating oil is selected from the group DXXXX-67T; it provides a laboratory process for deterconsisting of di-Z-ethyl hexyl adipate, di-decyl adipate, diming the apparent viscosity of an engine oil at l7.8 C. nonyl adipate, di-2-ethyl hexyl sebacate, di-decyl sebacate with a high proportion of shear. The measurements were and di-nonyl sebacate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
US776012A 1967-11-20 1968-11-15 Lubricating oil composition Expired - Lifetime US3634249A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR128922 1967-11-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3634249A true US3634249A (en) 1972-01-11

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US776012A Expired - Lifetime US3634249A (en) 1967-11-20 1968-11-15 Lubricating oil composition

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3634249A (xx)
DE (1) DE1810085C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR1552150A (xx)
GB (1) GB1208968A (xx)
NL (1) NL6816543A (xx)
SE (1) SE343320B (xx)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014794A (en) * 1974-03-11 1977-03-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Oil filter adapter
US4080303A (en) * 1974-07-22 1978-03-21 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricant compositions containing boron dispersant, VI improver, and aromatic carboxylic acid esters
US4162985A (en) * 1973-10-01 1979-07-31 The Lubrizol Corporation Multigrade lubricants containing interpolymers
EP0119069A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Uniroyal, Inc. Ethylene-alphaolefin lubricating composition
EP0119071A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Uniroyal, Inc. Hydrogenated polyisoprene lubricating composition
EP0119070A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Uniroyal, Inc. Ethylene-alphaolefin lubricating composition
EP0119792A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-26 Uniroyal, Inc. Hydrogenated polyisoprene lubricating composition
JPS6128592A (ja) * 1983-03-09 1986-02-08 ユニロイヤル，インコ−ポレ−テツド 潤滑組成物
US4642410A (en) * 1985-03-14 1987-02-10 Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. Catalytic poly alpha-olefin process
US20030139303A1 (en) * 1996-01-16 2003-07-24 Curtis R. Scharf Lubricating compositions
US20070191242A1 (en) * 2004-09-17 2007-08-16 Sanjay Srinivasan Viscosity modifiers for lubricant compositions
WO2008022987A1 (de) * 2006-08-21 2008-02-28 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zur überwachung des zustands eines motorenöls in einem verbrennungsmotor
WO2015078968A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Basf Se Composition for low temperature

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL170019C (nl) * 1970-06-02 Exxon Research Engineering Co Werkwijze ter bereiding van een smeeroliemengsel.
US4956122A (en) * 1982-03-10 1990-09-11 Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. Lubricating composition

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4162985A (en) * 1973-10-01 1979-07-31 The Lubrizol Corporation Multigrade lubricants containing interpolymers
US4014794A (en) * 1974-03-11 1977-03-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Oil filter adapter
US4080303A (en) * 1974-07-22 1978-03-21 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricant compositions containing boron dispersant, VI improver, and aromatic carboxylic acid esters
EP0119071A3 (en) * 1983-03-09 1986-07-16 Uniroyal, Inc. Hydrogenated polyisoprene lubricating composition
EP0119070A3 (en) * 1983-03-09 1986-07-16 Uniroyal, Inc. Ethylene-alphaolefin lubricating composition
EP0119070A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Uniroyal, Inc. Ethylene-alphaolefin lubricating composition
EP0119792A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-26 Uniroyal, Inc. Hydrogenated polyisoprene lubricating composition
JPS6128592A (ja) * 1983-03-09 1986-02-08 ユニロイヤル，インコ−ポレ−テツド 潤滑組成物
EP0119069A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Uniroyal, Inc. Ethylene-alphaolefin lubricating composition
EP0119792A3 (en) * 1983-03-09 1986-07-16 Uniroyal, Inc. Hydrogenated polyisoprene lubricating composition
EP0119071A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Uniroyal, Inc. Hydrogenated polyisoprene lubricating composition
EP0119069A3 (en) * 1983-03-09 1986-07-16 Uniroyal, Inc. Ethylene-alphaolefin lubricating composition
US4642410A (en) * 1985-03-14 1987-02-10 Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. Catalytic poly alpha-olefin process
US20030139303A1 (en) * 1996-01-16 2003-07-24 Curtis R. Scharf Lubricating compositions
US20070191242A1 (en) * 2004-09-17 2007-08-16 Sanjay Srinivasan Viscosity modifiers for lubricant compositions
WO2008022987A1 (de) * 2006-08-21 2008-02-28 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zur überwachung des zustands eines motorenöls in einem verbrennungsmotor
US20100307230A1 (en) * 2006-08-21 2010-12-09 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and system for monitoring the state of an engine oil in an internal combustion engine
WO2015078968A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Basf Se Composition for low temperature
WO2015078967A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Basf Se Composition for low temperature

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1810085A1 (de) 1969-10-16
DE1810085C3 (de) 1979-05-31
NL6816543A (xx) 1969-05-22
GB1208968A (en) 1970-10-14
FR1552150A (xx) 1969-01-03
SE343320B (sv) 1972-03-06
DE1810085B2 (de) 1978-09-07

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