US3633823A - Injection system for diesel engines - Google Patents

Injection system for diesel engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3633823A
US3633823A US869264A US3633823DA US3633823A US 3633823 A US3633823 A US 3633823A US 869264 A US869264 A US 869264A US 3633823D A US3633823D A US 3633823DA US 3633823 A US3633823 A US 3633823A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
bore
needle
valve seat
piston
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US869264A
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English (en)
Inventor
Anton Steiger
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3633823A publication Critical patent/US3633823A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/025—Hydraulically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/04—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure using fluid, other than fuel, for injection-valve actuation
    • F02M47/046—Fluid pressure acting on injection-valve in the period of injection to open it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an injection system. More particularly, this invention relates to a fuel injection system for a diesel engine.
  • the invention provides an injection system for a diesel engine which relies on the case of a low pressure to operate the system while utilizing a fuel at high pressure.
  • the system includes an injection valve which is constructed with a valve seat, a valve needle for seating on the valve seat and a piston connected to the valve needle, a fuel duct which conveys fuel at a high pressure to a space in front of the valve seat and a space in front of the piston, and a control means which conveys a pressurized control pressure medium of low pressure to a chamber to the rear of the piston.
  • the piston in the injection valve is guided with a stepped bore located in a first housing part of the valve in a sealtight manner so as to divide the stepped part of the bore into two chambers, one of which communicates with the control means while the other communicates to a low-pressure space, for example, at atmospheric pressure.
  • the fuel duct also cooperates with a second housing part of the injection valve which has a bore receiving a cylindrical part in slidable sealtight manner.
  • the cylindrical part is disposed to abut against the piston in the first housing part and is pressed against the piston by the fuel pressure which is transmitted to a space in front of the cylindrical part.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical part is greater than the needle valve and thus a differential pressure is imposed on the needle valve by the fuel so as to seat the needle valve on the valve seat.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical pan is, however, less than the diameter of the piston such that when the control means transmits a pressure to the chamber to the rear of the piston sufficient to overcome the differential pressure, the piston will move away from the valve seat.
  • the needle valve will unseat from the valve seat causing injection of the fuel.
  • the control means can utilize a rotary valve which has a duct for the supply of pressure medium and at least one cylindrical control face and a bush which surrounds the control face and contains a duct to receive the pressure medium therefrom.
  • the bush is further adjustably mounted axially and circumferentially of the rotary valve.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates an injection system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a developed view of the control face of the rotary valve of the control means.
  • a fuel injection valve 1 of a diesel engine is connected to a fuel reservoir 2 which is in turn connected via a fuel pipe 3 to a fuel pump 4 which delivers the fuel from a suitable source, such as a tank, at a pressure required for injection, e.g. 1,000 atmospheres.
  • the injection valve 1 is also connected by a control line 5 to a control valve 6 which receives a hydraulic pressure mediumwhich is also fuel in this case-via a pipe 8 from a pump 7.
  • the pipe 8 may in this case be connected to. the same source of fuel as the pipe 3.
  • the injection valve 1 comprises a first housing part 10 formed in known manner with jet bores 11.
  • a valve seat 12 is formed in front of the bores 11 and cooperates with a corresponding seat surface of a valve needle 13.
  • the valve needle 13 is guided in sealing-tight relationship in a cylindrical bore 14 of the housing part 10 which communicates with a larger bore 15 in the housing part 10.
  • the bore 15 contains a piston 16 which is also guided in sealing-tight relationship and which is rigidly connected to the valve needle 13 and may, for example, be integral therewith.
  • the bore 15 thus forms a cylinder for the piston 16 which in turn divides the bore into two chambers 17, 18.
  • One cylinder chamber 17 is connected to the control line 5 by a duct 20 formed in the valve 1 while the other cylinder chamber 18 communicates permanently with the external atmosphere via a duct 21 shown in broken lines.
  • a cylinder part 22 is located above the piston 16 and is guided in sealing-tight relationship in a bore 23 formed in a second housing part 24.
  • the cylindrical part 22 is supported against the piston 16, there being a space 25 above the part 22 in the bore 23.
  • the space 25 communicates with a duct 26 connected to the fuel pipe 3.
  • the duct 26 also leads into the bottom zone of the valve and into a cavity 27 in front of the valve seat 12.
  • the control member 6 contains a rotary valve 30 constructed in the form of a shaft and connected via a drive (not shown) to the engine crankshaft which drives the valve 30 accordingly.
  • a drive not shown
  • the drive occurs, for example, at half the crankshaft speed while in a two-stroke engine the drive occurs at the full engine speed.
  • the rotary valve 30 is provided with an axial bore 31 connected to the delivery line 8 of the pump 7. The pressure in this line 8 may vary, for example, in the region of 200 atmospheres.
  • the rotary valve 30 is also provided with a cylindrical control surface 32 (shown in developed form in FIG. 2).
  • the control surface contains a substantially triangular recess 33 connected by a radial duct 34 to the bore 31 so as to be permanently subjected to the pressure of the pump 7. Adjacent the recess 33 and slightly spaced therefrom as shown, is a recess 35 which extends over the remainder of the periphery of the valve 30 and which is connected to atmosphere via a duct 36.
  • the control surface 32 forming the control plate of the valve 30 is guided in sealing-tight relationship in a bush 37 provided with a duct 38 leading to the exterior.
  • the bush 37 is disposed in a valve housing 40 having a duct 41 which is connected to the duct 38 and to which the control line 5 is connected.
  • Control members 42 and 43 which comprise gearwheels connected to levers and which mesh with teeth extending circumferentially and longitudinally on the bush 37 allow the bush 37 to be adjusted in these directions upon manipulation of the levers.
  • the control valve 30 is further mounted in the valve housing 40 in a bearing 44 which is lubricated with the pressure medium via a bore 45.
  • the diameter D1 of the valve needle 13 is smaller than the diameter D2 of the cylindrical part 22 which is in turn smaller than the diameter D3 of the piston 16.
  • the valve 30 of the control member 6 is rotated by the drive (not shown) so that the duct 38 of the bush 37 which is in communication with duct 41 is alternatively brought into communication with recess 33 and recess 35. That is, while the duct 38 is in communication with recess 33, the pressure of line 8 is transmitted via control line 5 into the cylinder chamber l7 so that the piston 16 is lifted upon the pressure becoming greater than the pressure differential caused by the fuel pressure. Upon continued rotation of the rotary valve 30, recess 35 comes into communication with the duct 38 so that the line pressure in line 8 is cut off from the control line 5.
  • the pressure in cylinder chamber 17 then drops off and, as the piston 16 moves down, the pressure medium is exhausted through duct 21 as well as duct 36.
  • the communication between the duct 38 and recess 34 can last for a longer or shorter period, owing to the triangular shape of the recess 33.
  • Control of the amount of fuel is thus effected by the control member 43. Rotation of the bush 37 with respect to the valve 30 by means of the control member 42 alters the beginning and end of the injection process.
  • the invention thus provides an injection system which is very simple and very compact in construction and which is made with a minimum number of conduits so that there is a minimum of leakage losses.
  • control means can be used with injection valves of a number of cylinders. It is only necessary for the rotary valve to be provided with an appropriate number of cylindrical control surfaces and for the appropriate number of bushes to be provided.
  • An injection system for a diesel engine comprising:
  • an injection valve for injecting fuel and having a valve seat at one end and a bore spaced from said valve seat;
  • valve needle in said valve for seating on said valve seat, said valve needle having a piston thereon slidably mounted in said bore in sealtight relation to divide said bore into a pair of chambers;
  • a duct having pressurized fuel therein for pressing said valve needle against said valve seat under the pressure of the fuel
  • means connected to said valve communicating with said bore on the side of said piston closest to said valve seat for selectively increasing the pressure therein to an amount greater than said differential pressure to unseat said needle from said valve seat.
  • An injection system as set forth in claim 1 further comprising fuel storage means connected to said injection valve.
  • control member includes a rotary valve having a cylindrical control surface and a duct therein for conveying the control pressure medium therethrough to said control surface and a bush slidably and rotatably mounting said control surface of said valve therein, said bush having a duct therein for selective communication with said rotary valve duct.
  • said injection valve includes a first housing part having said bore therein to receive said valve needle and said piston and a second housing part having a bore therein
  • said first means includes a cylindrical part slidably mounted in said bore of said second housing part against said piston and a fuel duct connected at one end to a space upstream of said valve seat in said first housing part and to a space in said bore of said second housing part upstream of said cylindrical part.
  • An injection s stem comprising:
  • an injection va ve for injecting fuel said valve having a valve seat at one end, a bore therein, and jet bores to one side of said valve seat;
  • valve needle in said valve for seating on said valve seat, said valve needle having a piston at one end thereof mounted in said bore in sealtight relation;
  • second means connecting the chamber of said pair of chambers closest to said valve seat to a source of pressurized control pressure medium of a pressure sufficient to move said piston and said needle valve away from said valve seat, said means including a control member for selectively connecting said closest chamber to the source of pressurized control pressure medium.
  • said means includes a rotary valve having a control surface and a duct therein for conveying a control pressure medium therethrough to said control surface, and a bush mounted about said control surface and having a duct therein for conveying the control pressure medium to said bore of said injection valve.
  • control surface includes a triangular recess communicating with said duct in said rotary valve and a peripherally extending recess communicating to the exterior of said rotary valve.
  • injection valve has a first housing part with a stepped bore respectively receiving said valve needle and said piston, and a second housing part with a bore receiving a cylindrical part therein in slidable sealtight relation, said cylindrical part having a diameter greater than said valve needle and less than said piston.
  • an injection valve for injecting fue'lj,sai'd valve having a valve seat at one end, a bore therein, and Jet bores to one side of said valve seat;
  • valve needle in said valve for seating on said valve seat, said valve needle having a piston at one end thereof mounted in said bore in seal tight relation;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US869264A 1968-11-01 1969-10-24 Injection system for diesel engines Expired - Lifetime US3633823A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1636368A CH499013A (de) 1968-11-01 1968-11-01 Einspritzsystem einer Dieselbrennkraftmaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3633823A true US3633823A (en) 1972-01-11

Family

ID=4416700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US869264A Expired - Lifetime US3633823A (en) 1968-11-01 1969-10-24 Injection system for diesel engines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3633823A (ja)
CH (1) CH499013A (ja)
DE (1) DE1807572A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES372602A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2022417A1 (ja)
NL (2) NL6816341A (ja)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2229867A1 (ja) * 1973-05-15 1974-12-13 Cav Ltd
US3924811A (en) * 1974-12-06 1975-12-09 British Industrial Plastics Shut-off valves for the nozzles of injection moulding machines
US3976249A (en) * 1973-05-12 1976-08-24 C.A.V. Limited Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
US4215821A (en) * 1977-03-16 1980-08-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection nozzle
US4285471A (en) * 1977-03-16 1981-08-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection nozzle
US4382684A (en) * 1980-03-06 1983-05-10 Sanjo Seiki Co., Ltd. Apparatus for mixing and dispensing liquid resins
US5842647A (en) * 1995-12-01 1998-12-01 Zexel Corporation Fuel injection nozzle
US6367709B2 (en) * 1997-07-01 2002-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
EP1321662A1 (en) * 2001-10-09 2003-06-25 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector having dual mode capabilities and engine using same

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2476746A1 (fr) * 1980-02-21 1981-08-28 Renault Circuit hydro-electrique d'assistance a un injecteur haute pression pour moteur diesel
DE3024963A1 (de) * 1980-07-02 1982-01-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere fuer dieselmotoren
DE3505229A1 (de) * 1985-02-05 1986-08-07 Gebrüder Sulzer AG, Winterthur Vorrichtung zum einspritzen von in einer fluessigkeit aufgeschwemmten, feinteiligem, festem brennstoff in den brennraum einer hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine
DE3716173A1 (de) * 1987-05-14 1988-11-24 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Voreinspritzventil
CH678086A5 (ja) * 1989-03-06 1991-07-31 Sulzer Ag

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2197944A (en) * 1937-09-13 1940-04-23 Raven Arthur Robert Fenton Combined fuel pump, injection and spray jet for use with an internal combustion engine
US2380148A (en) * 1940-07-08 1945-07-10 Atlas Diesel Ab Fuel injecting means for internalcombustion engines
US2680651A (en) * 1953-06-16 1954-06-08 American Locomotive Co Fuel injector

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2197944A (en) * 1937-09-13 1940-04-23 Raven Arthur Robert Fenton Combined fuel pump, injection and spray jet for use with an internal combustion engine
US2380148A (en) * 1940-07-08 1945-07-10 Atlas Diesel Ab Fuel injecting means for internalcombustion engines
US2680651A (en) * 1953-06-16 1954-06-08 American Locomotive Co Fuel injector

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3976249A (en) * 1973-05-12 1976-08-24 C.A.V. Limited Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
FR2229867A1 (ja) * 1973-05-15 1974-12-13 Cav Ltd
US3924811A (en) * 1974-12-06 1975-12-09 British Industrial Plastics Shut-off valves for the nozzles of injection moulding machines
US4215821A (en) * 1977-03-16 1980-08-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection nozzle
US4285471A (en) * 1977-03-16 1981-08-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection nozzle
US4403740A (en) * 1977-03-16 1983-09-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection nozzle
US4382684A (en) * 1980-03-06 1983-05-10 Sanjo Seiki Co., Ltd. Apparatus for mixing and dispensing liquid resins
US5842647A (en) * 1995-12-01 1998-12-01 Zexel Corporation Fuel injection nozzle
US6367709B2 (en) * 1997-07-01 2002-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
EP1321662A1 (en) * 2001-10-09 2003-06-25 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector having dual mode capabilities and engine using same
US6725838B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2004-04-27 Caterpillar Inc Fuel injector having dual mode capabilities and engine using same
USRE44082E1 (en) 2001-10-09 2013-03-19 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector having dual mode capabilities and engine using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH499013A (de) 1970-11-15
NL6816341A (ja) 1970-05-06
NL132979C (ja)
DE1807572A1 (de) 1970-08-20
ES372602A1 (es) 1971-11-01
FR2022417A1 (ja) 1970-07-31

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