US3633372A - Transfer of cryogenic liquids - Google Patents

Transfer of cryogenic liquids Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3633372A
US3633372A US819681A US3633372DA US3633372A US 3633372 A US3633372 A US 3633372A US 819681 A US819681 A US 819681A US 3633372D A US3633372D A US 3633372DA US 3633372 A US3633372 A US 3633372A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
receiver
pressure
pump
dewar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US819681A
Inventor
Cleve C Kimmel
John H Moll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parker Intangibles LLC
Original Assignee
Parker Hannifin Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parker Hannifin Corp filed Critical Parker Hannifin Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3633372A publication Critical patent/US3633372A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to PARKER INTANGIBLES INC., A CORP. OF DE reassignment PARKER INTANGIBLES INC., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PARKER-HANNIFIN CORPORATION
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0364—Pipes flexible or articulated, e.g. a hose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/061—Level of content in the vessel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a system which permits the storage and transfer of cryogenic fluids without losses due to handling and venting and which is characterized by reversed-cascade filling procedure.
  • This system for transfer of a cryogenic liquid from a supply container to a receiver is characterized in that only a single fluid connection is made between the container and receiver without venting the receiver so that the receiver-filling operation may be achieved without gas or liquid loss by evaporation or overflow as by the use ofa submerged and continuously primed pump.
  • cryogenic liquid is transferred from a supply container to a vented receiver thus resulting insubstantial loss of liquid by evaporation and overflow.
  • Various practices sometimes provide complex transfer equipment such as an auxiliary tank and pump between the supply containers and the receiver, a vapor bleed-off mechanism, and several fluid interconnecting lines to effect transfer.
  • cryogenic liquids herein from a ground supply dewar to an aircraft dewar involves only the connection of a flexible supply hose from the supply dewar to the disconnect coupling of the aircraft dewar, the latter as aforesaid, being the inert gas supply source for the aircraft inerting system.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide for cryogenic liquid transfer from a supply dewar to an aircraft dewar without venting of the latter and without overflow, whereby there is no evaporation loss of the liquid nor is there any possibility, in the case of liquid N of erosive or other damage to concrete pavement and the like due to overflow.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide for a transfer of cryogenic liquids, such as N which entails the use of but a single fluid line connection between the supply dewar and the aircraft dewar, the supply dewar cart or trailer having the necessary control equipment to obtain desired automatic filling of the aircraft dewar with cryogenic liquid at predetermined saturated vapor pressure and to predetermined level.
  • cryogenic liquids such as N which entails the use of but a single fluid line connection between the supply dewar and the aircraft dewar, the supply dewar cart or trailer having the necessary control equipment to obtain desired automatic filling of the aircraft dewar with cryogenic liquid at predetermined saturated vapor pressure and to predetermined level.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide for the transfer of cryogenic liquids which utilizes a pump means between the supply dewar and the aircraft dewar, and an intervening heat exchanger which assures filling of the aircraft dewar to a predetermined-saturation level for most effective use in inerting the fuel tank and other spaces of an aircraft.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the invention wherein an aircraft dewar is supplied with cryogenic liquid from a portable supply dewar;
  • FIG. 2 is a similar schematic drawing illustrating a modification wherein a heat exchanger in an emergency application is substituted for the pump means of FIG. 1 to discharge liquid from the supply dewar.
  • the ground supply unit 1 may constitute a cart or trailer which carries thereon a supply container 2, i.e., a vacuum-insulated, double-wall dewar, a centrifugal pump 3, a heat exchanger 4, valves 5, 6, and 7, a thermal sensor unit 8, and an operating unit 9.
  • a supply container 2 i.e., a vacuum-insulated, double-wall dewar
  • a centrifugal pump 3 i.e., a centrifugal pump 3
  • a heat exchanger 4 i.e., a heat exchanger 4
  • valves 5 6, and 7 i.e., a thermal sensor unit 8
  • the outlet of the supply dewar 2 is connected to the inlet of pump 3 by conduit and the outlet of said pump 3 is connected to the disconnect coupling 11 by conduit 12 via the check valve 13, the control valve 5, the mixing valve 7, and the thermal sensor unit 8.
  • a bypass conduit 14 has therein the heat exchanger 4 and the control valve 6 whereby a portion of the pump discharge may be heated as hereinafter described in detail.
  • the airplane 15 has therein an aircraft dewar 16 having an outlet conduit 17 leading to the inerting system via a shutoff valve 18.
  • a filling conduit 19 leads from the disconnect coupling 11 to a spray device 21 disposed within said dewar l6 and above the filling level switch 23 which has its electrical lead 24 plugged into a socket element 25 in the lead 26 of the operating unit 9.
  • a relief valve 27 in conduit 19 is set to relieve vapor pressure in aircraft dewar 16 exceeding a predetermined maximum.
  • the saturated vapor pressure in the aircraft dewar 16 operates at a predetermined level that is greater than the saturated vapor pressure in the supply dewar 2. In the event that the pressure in dewar 16 is higher than the predetermined level, this pressure must be reduced.
  • the flexible hose 28 is connected to the disconnect coupling 11 and the socket 25 is plugged into lead 24 of the level switch 23.
  • the operating unit 9 is then actuated to the "fill position to open control valve 5. If the pressure in the aircraft dewar 16 is higher than predetermined, control valve 29 is opened to allow the pressure to decrease.
  • the operating unit 9 is provided with a pressure-actuated interlock 30 arranged to turn on the pump drive motor 31 when the pressure in the aircraft dewar 16 has reached the predetermined level, and when the pump 3 is driven it draws liquid from the supply dewar 2 and pumps it through the conduit 12, valves 5 and 7, thermal sensor unit 8, hose 28, and conduit 19 into the vapor space of the aircraft dewar l6.
  • the conduit 12 and hose 28 between the supply dewar 2 and aircraft dewar 16 is somewhat warm and heat will be transferred to the liquid as it flows to the dewar 16. This causes the gas pressure in the space of the dewar 16 to start to increase at the time that the pump 3 is started. However, this flow action is followed by some liquid carried along with the gas and the two phase mixture enters the dewar 16 through the spray device 21 whereby the amount of gas initially introduced is rechilled by the cold walls of the dewar 16 and by the vapor therein.
  • the pressure increase at startup peaks out just below the relief pressure of the relief valve 27 and at this point liquid droplets start to enter the dewar 16 to cause a pressure collapse of the vapor therein.
  • the pressure decay continues and when it drops below the predetermined saturated level as pressure or temperature sensed by the thermal sensor unit 8, the latter is activated to position the control valves 5 and 6 so that some of the liquid delivered by the pump 3 is conducted through the heat exchanger 4, whereby the heated liquid passes through the control valve 6 to mix in the mixing valve 7 with the liquid passing through the other control valve 5.
  • the filling rate is preferably such that the thermal heat gain in the liquid between the thermal sensor unit 8 and the dewar 16 is insignificant so that the sensor unit 8 constitutes a fairly accurate measurement of temperature of the liquid flowing into the dewar 16.
  • the allowable range of saturation control of the liquid is wide enough so that additional controls are not required.
  • the thermal sensor unit 8 may be installed in or adjacent the dewar 16 in which case, the signal to the control valves 5 and 6 constitutes a signal indicating the precise temperature in or adjacent the dewar 16.
  • the indicating light 32 is turned on, and the pump drive motor 31 is deenergized and the control valves 5 and 6 are closed, whereby no further liquid is supplied from the supply dewar 2 to the aircraft dewar 16.
  • the operating unit 9 may be shifted from fill to stop and the electric plug-in and fluid disconnect couplings 25 and 11 may be separated, and as evident, the disconnect coupling 11 may be provided with self-sealing valve units to prevent escape of vapor or liquid.
  • discharging pressure on the liquid in the supply dewar 33 may be generated by opening solenoid valve 34 for flow of liquid through a pressure build up coil 35 into the top of the supply dewar 33 so that the increased vapor pressure on the liquid constitutes a pump means for forcing the liquid through the common discharge conduit 12.
  • This method decreases the thermal efficiencies of the system when used in continuous operation.
  • the supply hose 28 and electrical lead 26 may be disconnected from the aircraft and the aircraft is ready for takeoff.
  • the pressurization of the fuel by N and the supply of N for other uses on the aircraft is not restricted or impaired by the servicing.
  • said means establishing a pressure differential comprises a pump in said conduit means to establish a pressure differential for flow of liquid from said container into said receiver.
  • said means establishing a pressure differential comprises a pump and drive means therefor; wherein valve means between said supply container and the portion of said conduit means downstream of said pump opens communication between said supply container and receiver in response to vapor pressure in the latter exceeding a predetermined value thus to decrease such vapor pressure; and wherein a pressure actuated interlock energizes said drive means in response to decrease of such vapor pressure to predetermined value thus to drive said pump for flow of liquid from said container into said receiver.
  • said temperature control means comprises a heat exchanger and a sensor unit therefor through which liquid may be conducted to increase the saturated vapor pressure in said receiver to predetermined level.
  • said temperature control means comprises a thermal sensor unit; a heat exchanger; and valve means operative to divert a portion of the liquid flowing in said conduit means through said heat exchanger for heating thereof and for mixing of the heated liquid with the unheated portion of the liquid; said sensor unit actuating said valve means upon decrease of vapor pressure in said receiver below a predetermined value.
  • said means establishing a pressure difi'erential comprises a heat exchanger through which a portion of the liquid from said supply container is conducted and supplied therefrom to the vapor space of said supply container thus to effect flow of liquid from said supply container into said receiver.
  • conduit means terminates in spray means operative to break up liquid as it enters the vapor space of said receiver.
  • relief valve means exposed to vapor pressure in said receiver relieves vapor pressure in said receiver when it exceeds a maximum pressure greater than said predetermined level.
  • check valve means in said conduit rneans downstream of said ump prevents reverse flow of liquid in said conduit means rom said receiver into said supply container.

Abstract

This invention relates to a system which permits the storage and transfer of cryogenic fluids without losses due to handling and venting and which is characterized by reversed-cascade filling procedure. This system for transfer of a cryogenic liquid from a supply container to a receiver is characterized in that only a single fluid connection is made between the container and receiver without venting the receiver so that the receiverfilling operation may be achieved without gas or liquid loss by evaporation or overflow as by the use of a submerged and continuously primed pump.

Description

United States Patent [72] Inventors Cleve C. Kimmel Torrance; John H. Moll, Hawthorne, both of Calif. [21] App1.No. 819,681 [22] Filed Apr. 28, 1969 [45] Patented Jan. 1 1, 1972 [73] Assignee Parker-Hnnnifin Corporation Cleveland, Ohio [54] TRANSFER OF CRYOGENIC LIQUIDS 9 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.
[52] U.S. Cl 62/49, 62/52, 62/55 [51] Int. Cl. Fl7c 7/02 [50] Field of Search 62/45, 55, 49
[5 6] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,487,863 11/1949 Garretson 62/54X 2,610,471 9/1952 Thayer 62/55 X 2,964,916 12/1960 Keeping 62/55 X 2,964,918 12/1960 Hansen et al. 62/55 X 2,993,344 7/1961 Reed 62/55 X 3,191,395 6/1965 Maher et a1 62/54 3,260,061 7/1966 Hampton et al. 62/55 X 3,262,280 7/1966 Chaney 62/49 Primary ExaminerAlbert N. Davis, Jr. Att0rney-Oberlin, Maky, Donnelly & Renner ABSTRACT: This invention relates to a system which permits the storage and transfer of cryogenic fluids without losses due to handling and venting and which is characterized by reversed-cascade filling procedure. This system for transfer of a cryogenic liquid from a supply container to a receiver is characterized in that only a single fluid connection is made between the container and receiver without venting the receiver so that the receiver-filling operation may be achieved without gas or liquid loss by evaporation or overflow as by the use ofa submerged and continuously primed pump.
TRANSFER OF CRYOGENIC LIQUIDS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Aircraft are now being equipped with inerting systems for fire and explosion prevention and for fire extinguishment which comprise dewars containing an inert cryogenic liquid such as N for release into fuel tank or other spaces which may contain combustible or explosive liquids or vapors. Accordingly, there is presented the problem of periodic refilling of the aircraft dewars.
ln known transfer equipment, cryogenic liquid is transferred from a supply container to a vented receiver thus resulting insubstantial loss of liquid by evaporation and overflow. Various practices sometimes provide complex transfer equipment such as an auxiliary tank and pump between the supply containers and the receiver, a vapor bleed-off mechanism, and several fluid interconnecting lines to effect transfer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Contrary to the foregoing, the transfer of cryogenic liquids herein from a ground supply dewar to an aircraft dewar involves only the connection of a flexible supply hose from the supply dewar to the disconnect coupling of the aircraft dewar, the latter as aforesaid, being the inert gas supply source for the aircraft inerting system.
One object of the present invention is to provide for cryogenic liquid transfer from a supply dewar to an aircraft dewar without venting of the latter and without overflow, whereby there is no evaporation loss of the liquid nor is there any possibility, in the case of liquid N of erosive or other damage to concrete pavement and the like due to overflow.
Another object of this invention is to provide for a transfer of cryogenic liquids, such as N which entails the use of but a single fluid line connection between the supply dewar and the aircraft dewar, the supply dewar cart or trailer having the necessary control equipment to obtain desired automatic filling of the aircraft dewar with cryogenic liquid at predetermined saturated vapor pressure and to predetermined level.
Another object of this invention is to provide for the transfer of cryogenic liquids which utilizes a pump means between the supply dewar and the aircraft dewar, and an intervening heat exchanger which assures filling of the aircraft dewar to a predetermined-saturation level for most effective use in inerting the fuel tank and other spaces of an aircraft.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the invention wherein an aircraft dewar is supplied with cryogenic liquid from a portable supply dewar; and
FIG. 2 is a similar schematic drawing illustrating a modification wherein a heat exchanger in an emergency application is substituted for the pump means of FIG. 1 to discharge liquid from the supply dewar.
DISCUSSION OF THE INVENTION Referring to FIG. 1, the ground supply unit 1 may constitute a cart or trailer which carries thereon a supply container 2, i.e., a vacuum-insulated, double-wall dewar, a centrifugal pump 3, a heat exchanger 4, valves 5, 6, and 7, a thermal sensor unit 8, and an operating unit 9.
The outlet of the supply dewar 2 is connected to the inlet of pump 3 by conduit and the outlet of said pump 3 is connected to the disconnect coupling 11 by conduit 12 via the check valve 13, the control valve 5, the mixing valve 7, and the thermal sensor unit 8. A bypass conduit 14 has therein the heat exchanger 4 and the control valve 6 whereby a portion of the pump discharge may be heated as hereinafter described in detail.
The airplane 15 has therein an aircraft dewar 16 having an outlet conduit 17 leading to the inerting system via a shutoff valve 18. A filling conduit 19 leads from the disconnect coupling 11 to a spray device 21 disposed within said dewar l6 and above the filling level switch 23 which has its electrical lead 24 plugged into a socket element 25 in the lead 26 of the operating unit 9. A relief valve 27 in conduit 19 is set to relieve vapor pressure in aircraft dewar 16 exceeding a predetermined maximum. When the dewar 16 is to be filled a flexible hose 28, preferably of vacuum evacuated, double-wall construction, is connected to the disconnect coupling 11.
In normal operation the saturated vapor pressure in the aircraft dewar 16 operates at a predetermined level that is greater than the saturated vapor pressure in the supply dewar 2. In the event that the pressure in dewar 16 is higher than the predetermined level, this pressure must be reduced.
To fill the dewar 16, the flexible hose 28 is connected to the disconnect coupling 11 and the socket 25 is plugged into lead 24 of the level switch 23. The operating unit 9 is then actuated to the "fill position to open control valve 5. If the pressure in the aircraft dewar 16 is higher than predetermined, control valve 29 is opened to allow the pressure to decrease. The operating unit 9 is provided with a pressure-actuated interlock 30 arranged to turn on the pump drive motor 31 when the pressure in the aircraft dewar 16 has reached the predetermined level, and when the pump 3 is driven it draws liquid from the supply dewar 2 and pumps it through the conduit 12, valves 5 and 7, thermal sensor unit 8, hose 28, and conduit 19 into the vapor space of the aircraft dewar l6. Initially, the conduit 12 and hose 28 between the supply dewar 2 and aircraft dewar 16 is somewhat warm and heat will be transferred to the liquid as it flows to the dewar 16. This causes the gas pressure in the space of the dewar 16 to start to increase at the time that the pump 3 is started. However, this flow action is followed by some liquid carried along with the gas and the two phase mixture enters the dewar 16 through the spray device 21 whereby the amount of gas initially introduced is rechilled by the cold walls of the dewar 16 and by the vapor therein.
The pressure increase at startup peaks out just below the relief pressure of the relief valve 27 and at this point liquid droplets start to enter the dewar 16 to cause a pressure collapse of the vapor therein. The pressure decay continues and when it drops below the predetermined saturated level as pressure or temperature sensed by the thermal sensor unit 8, the latter is activated to position the control valves 5 and 6 so that some of the liquid delivered by the pump 3 is conducted through the heat exchanger 4, whereby the heated liquid passes through the control valve 6 to mix in the mixing valve 7 with the liquid passing through the other control valve 5. The filling rate is preferably such that the thermal heat gain in the liquid between the thermal sensor unit 8 and the dewar 16 is insignificant so that the sensor unit 8 constitutes a fairly accurate measurement of temperature of the liquid flowing into the dewar 16. Generally, the allowable range of saturation control of the liquid is wide enough so that additional controls are not required. However, should the range be relatively small such as, say, 5 p.s.i., the thermal sensor unit 8 may be installed in or adjacent the dewar 16 in which case, the signal to the control valves 5 and 6 constitutes a signal indicating the precise temperature in or adjacent the dewar 16.
When the level of the cryogenic liquid in the dewar reaches the level switch 23, the indicating light 32 is turned on, and the pump drive motor 31 is deenergized and the control valves 5 and 6 are closed, whereby no further liquid is supplied from the supply dewar 2 to the aircraft dewar 16. At that time, the operating unit 9 may be shifted from fill to stop and the electric plug-in and fluid disconnect couplings 25 and 11 may be separated, and as evident, the disconnect coupling 11 may be provided with self-sealing valve units to prevent escape of vapor or liquid.
As shown in FIG. 2, if the ground supply unit 1 is not provided with a pump 3, discharging pressure on the liquid in the supply dewar 33 may be generated by opening solenoid valve 34 for flow of liquid through a pressure build up coil 35 into the top of the supply dewar 33 so that the increased vapor pressure on the liquid constitutes a pump means for forcing the liquid through the common discharge conduit 12. This method, of course, decreases the thermal efficiencies of the system when used in continuous operation.
As evident from the foregoing, there is but a single fluid line connection 28 between the ground supply cart 1 and the aircraft dewar 16 through which the latter is filled to a predetermined level as controlled by the level switch 23 and to predetermined saturation level as determined by the thermal sensor unit 8 whereby the saturated vapor pressure in the dewar 16 will be at a predetermined magnitude.
When the aircraft dewar 16 has thus been filled, the supply hose 28 and electrical lead 26 may be disconnected from the aircraft and the aircraft is ready for takeoff. The pressurization of the fuel by N and the supply of N for other uses on the aircraft is not restricted or impaired by the servicing.
We, therefore, particularly point out and distinctly claim as our invention:
1. A system for transfer of a cryogenic liquid from a closed supply container into a closed receiver adapted to contain residual liquid therein at a temperature greater than that of the liquid in said container; conduit means between said container and receiver through which liquid from said supply container is introduced into said receiver; means establishing a pressure differential between said container and the vapor space of said receiver to effect flow of liquid from said container into said receiver without venting of the latter; and temperature control means in said conduit means operative to maintain the vapor pressure at a predetermined level in said receiver which is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the liquid in said container.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein said means establishing a pressure differential comprises a pump in said conduit means to establish a pressure differential for flow of liquid from said container into said receiver.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein said means establishing a pressure differential comprises a pump and drive means therefor; wherein valve means between said supply container and the portion of said conduit means downstream of said pump opens communication between said supply container and receiver in response to vapor pressure in the latter exceeding a predetermined value thus to decrease such vapor pressure; and wherein a pressure actuated interlock energizes said drive means in response to decrease of such vapor pressure to predetermined value thus to drive said pump for flow of liquid from said container into said receiver.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said temperature control means comprises a heat exchanger and a sensor unit therefor through which liquid may be conducted to increase the saturated vapor pressure in said receiver to predetermined level.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein said temperature control means comprises a thermal sensor unit; a heat exchanger; and valve means operative to divert a portion of the liquid flowing in said conduit means through said heat exchanger for heating thereof and for mixing of the heated liquid with the unheated portion of the liquid; said sensor unit actuating said valve means upon decrease of vapor pressure in said receiver below a predetermined value.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein said means establishing a pressure difi'erential comprises a heat exchanger through which a portion of the liquid from said supply container is conducted and supplied therefrom to the vapor space of said supply container thus to effect flow of liquid from said supply container into said receiver.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein said conduit means terminates in spray means operative to break up liquid as it enters the vapor space of said receiver.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein relief valve means exposed to vapor pressure in said receiver relieves vapor pressure in said receiver when it exceeds a maximum pressure greater than said predetermined level.
9. The system of claim 2 wherein check valve means in said conduit rneans downstream of said ump prevents reverse flow of liquid in said conduit means rom said receiver into said supply container.

Claims (8)

  1. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein said means establishing a pressure differential comprises a pump in said conduit means to establish a pressure differential for flow of liquid from said container into said receiver.
  2. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein said means establishing a pressure differential comprises a pump and drive means therefor; wherein valve means between said supply container and the portion of said conduit means downstream of said pump opens communication between said supply container and receiver in response to vapor pressure in the latter exceeding a predetermined value thus to decrease such vapor pressure; and wherein a pressure actuated interlock energizes saiD drive means in response to decrease of such vapor pressure to predetermined value thus to drive said pump for flow of liquid from said container into said receiver.
  3. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein said temperature control means comprises a heat exchanger and a sensor unit therefor through which liquid may be conducted to increase the saturated vapor pressure in said receiver to predetermined level.
  4. 5. The system of claim 1 wherein said temperature control means comprises a thermal sensor unit; a heat exchanger; and valve means operative to divert a portion of the liquid flowing in said conduit means through said heat exchanger for heating thereof and for mixing of the heated liquid with the unheated portion of the liquid; said sensor unit actuating said valve means upon decrease of vapor pressure in said receiver below a predetermined value.
  5. 6. The system of claim 1 wherein said means establishing a pressure differential comprises a heat exchanger through which a portion of the liquid from said supply container is conducted and supplied therefrom to the vapor space of said supply container thus to effect flow of liquid from said supply container into said receiver.
  6. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein said conduit means terminates in spray means operative to break up liquid as it enters the vapor space of said receiver.
  7. 8. The system of claim 1 wherein relief valve means exposed to vapor pressure in said receiver relieves vapor pressure in said receiver when it exceeds a maximum pressure greater than said predetermined level.
  8. 9. The system of claim 2 wherein check valve means in said conduit means downstream of said pump prevents reverse flow of liquid in said conduit means from said receiver into said supply container.
US819681A 1969-04-28 1969-04-28 Transfer of cryogenic liquids Expired - Lifetime US3633372A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81968169A 1969-04-28 1969-04-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3633372A true US3633372A (en) 1972-01-11

Family

ID=25228762

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US819681A Expired - Lifetime US3633372A (en) 1969-04-28 1969-04-28 Transfer of cryogenic liquids

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3633372A (en)
DE (1) DE2020542A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2040343A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1286732A (en)

Cited By (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933030A (en) * 1974-09-09 1976-01-20 Exxon Research And Engineering Company System for continuous monitoring of the density of cryogenic liquids via dielectric constant measurements
US3938347A (en) * 1974-04-12 1976-02-17 Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. Level control apparatus and method for cryogenic liquids
US3946572A (en) * 1974-09-26 1976-03-30 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Apparatus for transferring cryogenic liquid from one dewar to another
US4175395A (en) * 1976-12-23 1979-11-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Distribution of gas under pressure
US4192147A (en) * 1977-07-05 1980-03-11 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Arrangements for the controlled injection of cryogenic fluid
US4348873A (en) * 1977-09-25 1982-09-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Kurio-Medikaru Apparatus for refrigeration treatment
US4592205A (en) * 1985-01-14 1986-06-03 Mg Industries Low pressure cryogenic liquid delivery system
US4662181A (en) * 1984-12-24 1987-05-05 Zwich Energy Research Organization, Inc. Method and apparatus for extending the duration of operation of a cryogenic pumping system
US4716738A (en) * 1986-08-04 1988-01-05 Cv International, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivering cryogenic liquid from a supply vessel to receiver vessels
US4932214A (en) * 1987-10-04 1990-06-12 Deutsche Forsehungs- und Versuchsanslalt fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.v. Processing system for liquid hydrogen
US5329777A (en) * 1993-06-24 1994-07-19 The Boc Group, Inc. Cryogenic storage and delivery method and apparatus
US5373702A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-12-20 Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. LNG delivery system
US5465583A (en) * 1993-01-22 1995-11-14 Hydra Rig, Inc. Liquid methane fueling facility
US5477690A (en) * 1993-03-30 1995-12-26 Process Systems International, Inc. Liquid cryogenic storage tank system
US5548962A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-08-27 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Ag Refueling process for cryogenic liquids
US5582016A (en) * 1992-05-07 1996-12-10 Aerospace Design & Development, Inc. Conditioning and loading apparatus and method for gas storage at cryogenic temperature and supercritical pressure
US5682750A (en) * 1996-03-29 1997-11-04 Mve Inc. Self-contained liquid natural gas filling station
US5787940A (en) * 1993-03-30 1998-08-04 Process Systems International, Inc. Cryogenic fluid system and method of pumping cryogenic fluid
US5950437A (en) * 1998-03-11 1999-09-14 Mve, Inc. System and method for charging insulated containers with cryogenic liquids
US6125637A (en) * 1997-12-16 2000-10-03 Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc Systems for delivering liquified natural gas to an engine
US6354088B1 (en) 2000-10-13 2002-03-12 Chart Inc. System and method for dispensing cryogenic liquids
EP1308667A2 (en) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-07 Chart, Inc. Storage pressure and heat management system for bulk transfers of cryogenic liquids
US20050132719A1 (en) * 2002-04-10 2005-06-23 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Tank cooling system and method for cryogenic liquids
US6923007B1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-08-02 Daniel D. Holt System and method of pumping liquified gas
US20050193990A1 (en) * 1997-12-16 2005-09-08 Bingham Dennis N. Systems for delivering liquified gas to an engine
US20070181208A1 (en) * 2006-02-06 2007-08-09 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for preventing blow-by of liquefied gases
US20070194569A1 (en) * 2006-02-23 2007-08-23 Gibson James D Fluid fitting assembly
US20110200516A1 (en) * 2010-02-13 2011-08-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reactor vessels with transmissive surfaces for producing hydrogen-based fuels and structural elements, and associated systems and methods
US20110206565A1 (en) * 2010-02-13 2011-08-25 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Chemical reactors with re-radiating surfaces and associated systems and methods
US20110203776A1 (en) * 2009-02-17 2011-08-25 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Thermal transfer device and associated systems and methods
US20110220040A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2011-09-15 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Coupled thermochemical reactors and engines, and associated systems and methods
US20130094909A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2013-04-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for collecting and processing permafrost gases, and for cooling permafrost
WO2013167639A1 (en) 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Tge Gas Engineering Gmbh Dispensing device for cryogenic liquids
US8624072B2 (en) 2010-02-13 2014-01-07 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods
US8669014B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-03-11 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Fuel-cell systems operable in multiple modes for variable processing of feedstock materials and associated devices, systems, and methods
US8673509B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-03-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Fuel-cell systems operable in multiple modes for variable processing of feedstock materials and associated devices, systems, and methods
US8671870B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-03-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for extracting and processing gases from submerged sources
US8734546B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-05-27 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Geothermal energization of a non-combustion chemical reactor and associated systems and methods
US8771636B2 (en) 2008-01-07 2014-07-08 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Chemical processes and reactors for efficiently producing hydrogen fuels and structural materials, and associated systems and methods
US8821602B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-09-02 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for providing supplemental aqueous thermal energy
US8826657B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-09-09 Mcallister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for providing supplemental aqueous thermal energy
US8888408B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-11-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for collecting and processing permafrost gases, and for cooling permafrost
US8911703B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-12-16 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reducing and/or harvesting drag energy from transport vehicles, including for chemical reactors, and associated systems and methods
US8926719B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2015-01-06 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for generating hydrogen from metal
US9302681B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2016-04-05 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Mobile transport platforms for producing hydrogen and structural materials, and associated systems and methods
US9522379B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2016-12-20 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reducing and/or harvesting drag energy from transport vehicles, including for chemical reactors, and associated systems and methods
FR3043165A1 (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-05 Cryodirect Ltd DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING A LIQUEFIED GAS AND METHOD FOR TRANSFERRING THE GAS THEREFROM
WO2024039459A1 (en) * 2022-08-16 2024-02-22 Pingping Ma Method and system for zero boil-off operation in liquefied gas applications

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1153238B1 (en) * 1999-01-29 2006-12-27 ConocoPhillips Company Bottom entry pumping system with tertiary containment
DE10200392A1 (en) * 2002-01-08 2003-07-17 Linde Ag Storage containers, especially for cryogenic liquids

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2487863A (en) * 1946-07-01 1949-11-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Tank car unloading system
US2610471A (en) * 1947-08-28 1952-09-16 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Process of and apparatus for metering a liquefied gas
US2964918A (en) * 1957-03-11 1960-12-20 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for dispensing gas material
US2964916A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-12-20 British Oxygen Co Ltd Production of inert atmospheres in storage vessels, fuel tanks and the like
US2993344A (en) * 1958-11-06 1961-07-25 Phillips Petroleum Co Lpg transport loading
US3191395A (en) * 1963-07-31 1965-06-29 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Apparatus for storing liquefied gas near atmospheric pressure
US3260061A (en) * 1964-12-16 1966-07-12 Lox Equip Flow system for cryogenic materials
US3262280A (en) * 1964-10-26 1966-07-26 Ray L Chaney Level control for cryogenic liquid

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2487863A (en) * 1946-07-01 1949-11-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Tank car unloading system
US2610471A (en) * 1947-08-28 1952-09-16 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Process of and apparatus for metering a liquefied gas
US2964918A (en) * 1957-03-11 1960-12-20 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for dispensing gas material
US2964916A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-12-20 British Oxygen Co Ltd Production of inert atmospheres in storage vessels, fuel tanks and the like
US2993344A (en) * 1958-11-06 1961-07-25 Phillips Petroleum Co Lpg transport loading
US3191395A (en) * 1963-07-31 1965-06-29 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Apparatus for storing liquefied gas near atmospheric pressure
US3262280A (en) * 1964-10-26 1966-07-26 Ray L Chaney Level control for cryogenic liquid
US3260061A (en) * 1964-12-16 1966-07-12 Lox Equip Flow system for cryogenic materials

Cited By (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3938347A (en) * 1974-04-12 1976-02-17 Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. Level control apparatus and method for cryogenic liquids
US3933030A (en) * 1974-09-09 1976-01-20 Exxon Research And Engineering Company System for continuous monitoring of the density of cryogenic liquids via dielectric constant measurements
US3946572A (en) * 1974-09-26 1976-03-30 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Apparatus for transferring cryogenic liquid from one dewar to another
US4175395A (en) * 1976-12-23 1979-11-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Distribution of gas under pressure
US4192147A (en) * 1977-07-05 1980-03-11 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Arrangements for the controlled injection of cryogenic fluid
US4412538A (en) * 1977-09-25 1983-11-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Kurio-Medikaru Apparatus for refrigeration treatment
US4348873A (en) * 1977-09-25 1982-09-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Kurio-Medikaru Apparatus for refrigeration treatment
US4662181A (en) * 1984-12-24 1987-05-05 Zwich Energy Research Organization, Inc. Method and apparatus for extending the duration of operation of a cryogenic pumping system
US4592205A (en) * 1985-01-14 1986-06-03 Mg Industries Low pressure cryogenic liquid delivery system
US4716738A (en) * 1986-08-04 1988-01-05 Cv International, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivering cryogenic liquid from a supply vessel to receiver vessels
US4932214A (en) * 1987-10-04 1990-06-12 Deutsche Forsehungs- und Versuchsanslalt fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.v. Processing system for liquid hydrogen
US5582016A (en) * 1992-05-07 1996-12-10 Aerospace Design & Development, Inc. Conditioning and loading apparatus and method for gas storage at cryogenic temperature and supercritical pressure
US5465583A (en) * 1993-01-22 1995-11-14 Hydra Rig, Inc. Liquid methane fueling facility
US5551488A (en) * 1993-03-30 1996-09-03 Process System International, Inc. Method of filling a two-compartments storage tank with cryogenic fluid
US5477690A (en) * 1993-03-30 1995-12-26 Process Systems International, Inc. Liquid cryogenic storage tank system
US5787940A (en) * 1993-03-30 1998-08-04 Process Systems International, Inc. Cryogenic fluid system and method of pumping cryogenic fluid
US5329777A (en) * 1993-06-24 1994-07-19 The Boc Group, Inc. Cryogenic storage and delivery method and apparatus
US5373702A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-12-20 Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. LNG delivery system
US5548962A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-08-27 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Ag Refueling process for cryogenic liquids
US5682750A (en) * 1996-03-29 1997-11-04 Mve Inc. Self-contained liquid natural gas filling station
US6125637A (en) * 1997-12-16 2000-10-03 Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc Systems for delivering liquified natural gas to an engine
US7044113B2 (en) 1997-12-16 2006-05-16 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Systems for delivering liquified gas to an engine
US20050193990A1 (en) * 1997-12-16 2005-09-08 Bingham Dennis N. Systems for delivering liquified gas to an engine
US5950437A (en) * 1998-03-11 1999-09-14 Mve, Inc. System and method for charging insulated containers with cryogenic liquids
EP1342031A1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2003-09-10 Chart Inc. System and method for dispensing cryogenic liquids
US6631615B2 (en) 2000-10-13 2003-10-14 Chart Inc. Storage pressure and heat management system for bulk transfers of cryogenic liquids
EP1342031A4 (en) * 2000-10-13 2005-09-21 Chart Inc System and method for dispensing cryogenic liquids
US6354088B1 (en) 2000-10-13 2002-03-12 Chart Inc. System and method for dispensing cryogenic liquids
EP1308667A2 (en) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-07 Chart, Inc. Storage pressure and heat management system for bulk transfers of cryogenic liquids
EP1308667A3 (en) * 2001-10-31 2006-01-25 Chart, Inc. Storage pressure and heat management system for bulk transfers of cryogenic liquids
US20050132719A1 (en) * 2002-04-10 2005-06-23 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Tank cooling system and method for cryogenic liquids
US7131278B2 (en) * 2002-04-10 2006-11-07 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Tank cooling system and method for cryogenic liquids
US6923007B1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-08-02 Daniel D. Holt System and method of pumping liquified gas
US20070181208A1 (en) * 2006-02-06 2007-08-09 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for preventing blow-by of liquefied gases
US20070194569A1 (en) * 2006-02-23 2007-08-23 Gibson James D Fluid fitting assembly
US7537244B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2009-05-26 Parker Hannifin Corporation Fluid fitting assembly
US8771636B2 (en) 2008-01-07 2014-07-08 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Chemical processes and reactors for efficiently producing hydrogen fuels and structural materials, and associated systems and methods
US9188086B2 (en) 2008-01-07 2015-11-17 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Coupled thermochemical reactors and engines, and associated systems and methods
US20110220040A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2011-09-15 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Coupled thermochemical reactors and engines, and associated systems and methods
US20110203776A1 (en) * 2009-02-17 2011-08-25 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Thermal transfer device and associated systems and methods
US9206045B2 (en) 2010-02-13 2015-12-08 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reactor vessels with transmissive surfaces for producing hydrogen-based fuels and structural elements, and associated systems and methods
US8926908B2 (en) 2010-02-13 2015-01-06 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reactor vessels with pressure and heat transfer features for producing hydrogen-based fuels and structural elements, and associated systems and methods
US9541284B2 (en) 2010-02-13 2017-01-10 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods
US8624072B2 (en) 2010-02-13 2014-01-07 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods
US20110200516A1 (en) * 2010-02-13 2011-08-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reactor vessels with transmissive surfaces for producing hydrogen-based fuels and structural elements, and associated systems and methods
US8673220B2 (en) 2010-02-13 2014-03-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods
US20110206565A1 (en) * 2010-02-13 2011-08-25 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Chemical reactors with re-radiating surfaces and associated systems and methods
US9103548B2 (en) 2010-02-13 2015-08-11 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reactors for conducting thermochemical processes with solar heat input, and associated systems and methods
US9309473B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2016-04-12 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for extracting and processing gases from submerged sources
US8669014B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-03-11 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Fuel-cell systems operable in multiple modes for variable processing of feedstock materials and associated devices, systems, and methods
US8821602B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-09-02 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for providing supplemental aqueous thermal energy
US8826657B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-09-09 Mcallister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for providing supplemental aqueous thermal energy
US8888408B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-11-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for collecting and processing permafrost gases, and for cooling permafrost
US8911703B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-12-16 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reducing and/or harvesting drag energy from transport vehicles, including for chemical reactors, and associated systems and methods
US8734546B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-05-27 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Geothermal energization of a non-combustion chemical reactor and associated systems and methods
US9617983B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2017-04-11 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for providing supplemental aqueous thermal energy
US9039327B2 (en) * 2011-08-12 2015-05-26 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for collecting and processing permafrost gases, and for cooling permafrost
US8671870B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-03-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for extracting and processing gases from submerged sources
US8673509B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2014-03-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Fuel-cell systems operable in multiple modes for variable processing of feedstock materials and associated devices, systems, and methods
US20130094909A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2013-04-18 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for collecting and processing permafrost gases, and for cooling permafrost
US9222704B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2015-12-29 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Geothermal energization of a non-combustion chemical reactor and associated systems and methods
US9302681B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2016-04-05 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Mobile transport platforms for producing hydrogen and structural materials, and associated systems and methods
US9522379B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2016-12-20 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Reducing and/or harvesting drag energy from transport vehicles, including for chemical reactors, and associated systems and methods
WO2013167639A1 (en) 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Tge Gas Engineering Gmbh Dispensing device for cryogenic liquids
DE102012207577A1 (en) 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Tge Gas Engineering Gmbh Cryogenic fluid dispenser
US8926719B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2015-01-06 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for generating hydrogen from metal
FR3043165A1 (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-05 Cryodirect Ltd DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING A LIQUEFIED GAS AND METHOD FOR TRANSFERRING THE GAS THEREFROM
EP3368815A4 (en) * 2015-10-29 2018-11-21 Cryodirect Limited Device for transporting liquefied gas and method thereof
WO2024039459A1 (en) * 2022-08-16 2024-02-22 Pingping Ma Method and system for zero boil-off operation in liquefied gas applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2040343A1 (en) 1971-01-22
GB1286732A (en) 1972-08-23
DE2020542A1 (en) 1970-11-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3633372A (en) Transfer of cryogenic liquids
US5127230A (en) LNG delivery system for gas powered vehicles
CA2299330C (en) Improved transfer system for cryogenic liquids
US5954101A (en) Mobile delivery and storage system for cryogenic fluids
US2964918A (en) Method and apparatus for dispensing gas material
US4057364A (en) Fluid transfer systems and valves therefor
US5421161A (en) Storage system for cryogenic fluids
US3797263A (en) Dewar filling, purging, and draining system
US5088436A (en) Apparatus for charging gas pressurized beverage storage and dispensing systems
US5429159A (en) Vapor recovery system for vehicle loading operation
US2646817A (en) Automatic shutoff for tank filling
EP3084286B1 (en) Liquid natural gas transfer
US2413087A (en) Fire preventing system
US4058148A (en) Vapor hose hookup assurance
US5823235A (en) Emergency shut-off mechanism for propane delivery systems and the like
US5655578A (en) Control system for filling of tanks with saturated liquids
US3073333A (en) Tight fill system for tank loading and discharging
US3717006A (en) Transit handling system for volatile fluids
US2996222A (en) Airport hydrant system
US3738531A (en) Liquid pumping system
CN111417818B (en) Indoor safety device, liquefied gas system and vehicle
US3134543A (en) Pressurized medium temperature hot water system
US3269385A (en) Vaporization system
US3347286A (en) Loading or transfer systems for fluids
US3070109A (en) Control system for pumping engines

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: PARKER INTANGIBLES INC., A CORP. OF DE, DELAWARE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PARKER-HANNIFIN CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005886/0169

Effective date: 19881221