US3629534A - Trigger control switch with particular bridging and stationary contact arrangements - Google Patents

Trigger control switch with particular bridging and stationary contact arrangements Download PDF

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Publication number
US3629534A
US3629534A US34345A US3629534DA US3629534A US 3629534 A US3629534 A US 3629534A US 34345 A US34345 A US 34345A US 3629534D A US3629534D A US 3629534DA US 3629534 A US3629534 A US 3629534A
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Prior art keywords
contact
bridging
actuator
engagement
stationary
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Expired - Lifetime
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US34345A
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English (en)
Inventor
Benny L Reviel
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Teccor Electronics Inc
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ECC CORP
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Assigned to TECCOR ELECTRONICS, INC. reassignment TECCOR ELECTRONICS, INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). 4/15/76 TEXAS Assignors: ECC CORPORATION, A CORP. OF TEXAS
Assigned to BANKERS TRUST COMPANY reassignment BANKERS TRUST COMPANY SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RANCO INCORPORATED A CORP. OF DELAWARE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
    • H01H9/061—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner enclosing a continuously variable impedance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/18—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with subsequent sliding

Definitions

  • Murphy ABSTRACT A switch in combination with a variable power control.
  • a sliding actuator carries a bridging contact which continuously engages a pivot on one fixed contact and selectively engages two fixed contacts.
  • An actuator pivot urges the bridging contact toward the fixed contacts, and the relative positions of the pivots provide positive switching between bridging and nonbridging conditions.
  • An insulating boss separates the stationary fixed contacts, and the bridging contact never engages said boss in any switch position.
  • a thick film circuit carries resistance elements on a surface; and a second movable contact, moved by the actuator, includes contact fingers engaging the resistance elements.
  • This invention relates to a positive acting switch operated by a sliding actuator, suitable for use to control the power to a manually held electric tool. This invention also relates to the combination of such a switch with a variable power control for such an electrically operated tool.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a switch actuated by a sliding actuator in which positive snap action switching is obtained.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a switch providing a bridging contact carried by a sliding actuator in i which positive switching action is obtained through engagement only with the switch stationary contacts.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a positive acting switch in combination with a thick film circuit having integral resistance elements for variable control.
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. I as viewed from the opposite side of the switch assembly;
  • FIGS. 3 and 5 are fragmentary views based on FIG. 1 illustrating different operative positions of the switch elements
  • FIGS. 4 and 6 are fragmentary views based on FIG. 2 illustrating operative positions of the switch elements which correspond respectively to the operative positions illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5
  • FIG. 7 is a view of a thick film printed circuit employed in the switch assembly of FIG. I;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the Line 8-8 of FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the Line 99 of FIG. I;
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view, as viewed along the Line I0 10 of FIG. 2, illustrating the relation of the thick film circuit to other elements of the assembly;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power control circuit for an electric motor.
  • the electric switch apparatus and power control circuit described herein are designed for use in a motor control circuit for varying the power supplied to an electric motor of the type used in the portable tool, such as drill, for varying the speed of the tool.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary control circuit for controlling the effective power applied to a load, such as a motor 15, by varying the resistance of resistors in the control circuit and which are not connected in series with the load. It will be appreciated in this regard that there are many types of control circuits in which the effective power applied to a load is varies by varying a variable resistor not connected in series with the load.
  • the switch apparatus of the present invention can be used with such other circuits as the particular control circuit does not constitute a part of the invention.
  • the capacitor 14 is connected across the power device 13 by means including resistors 33 and 34 connected in series with the capacitor 14 and contacts 21 and 22, terminal 36 of resistor 34 being connected to switch contact 22, and terminal 35 of resistor 33 being connected to one terminal of a capacitor.
  • resistors 33 and 34 connected in series with the capacitor 14 and contacts 21 and 22, terminal 36 of resistor 34 being connected to switch contact 22, and terminal 35 of resistor 33 being connected to one terminal of a capacitor.
  • the bridging contacts 20 and 25 and sliding contact 30 are commonly actuated by a single control element which is biased to a position that the resistance between capacitor 14 and terminal 22 is maximum and the switches are open isolating the motor from line voltage prior to operation of the control element.
  • both switches Upon operation of the control element, both switches will be operated and the slider advanced to charge the resistance in the charge path of capacitor 14 to vary the power supplied to the motor in accordance with the position of the control element.
  • a single resistor rather than the two resistors 33 and 34 could be used. However, for a given resistance per unit length, a greater change in resistance for an incremental change in the distance the slider 30 is moved will provide a greater change in resistance and provide a greater change in the speed of the motor 15.
  • the switch assembly includes a generally rectangular housing 40 which is adapted to be received and secured in an appropriate recess in the pistol grip handle of a portable power tool for example.
  • the housing 40 is open at the bottom, as viewed in FIG. 1, to receive a switch subassembly 41 which includes, generally, the stationary elements of the switch mechanism.
  • An actuator 45 includes a horizontal shank portion 46 which is slidably received and supported in the upper portion of the housing 40, the shank portion 46 extending into the housing through an opening 42 in the housing wall.
  • the shank portion 46 of the actuator carries the movable elements of the switching mechanism, as will be described; and a trigger element 47 is provided at the outer end of the actuator suitable for engagement by the finger of a tool operator while gripping the piston grip handle of a portable tool.
  • a compression spring 48 urges the actuator 45 to an outermost extended position, which is determined by coacting stop means (not shown) provided on the housing and actuator.
  • the housing 40, actuator 45, and base parts of the subassembly 41 are all preferably fabricated of an electrically insulating material, such as a plastic material.
  • the surface 53 is provided with an upwardly extending transverse rib 57 defining an insulating barrier between the longitudinally spaced contacts 26 and 27; and correspondingly the surface 54 is provided with an upwardly extending transverse rib 58 defining an insulating barrier between the longitudinally spaced contacts 21 and 22.
  • the blocks 51 and 52 define a subassembly which is rectangular in configuration and which is received within the lower portion of the housing 40.
  • the blocks 51 and 52 are preferably fabricated of an electrically insulating plastic material; and the contacts 21, 22, 23, 26 and 27 are retained in the subassembly 41 with suitable insulating walls and barriers insulating the contacts from each other.
  • the bridging contact 20, for engagement with the stationary contacts 21, 22 and 23, and the bridging contact 25, for engagement with the stationary contacts 26 and 27, are mounted in side-by-side relation on the shank 46 of the actuator 45.
  • this contact is an elongated, rectangular shaped platelike member having a contact boss 61 projecting from one side edge at one end thereof, and having a V-shaped notch 62 at its opposite side edge spaced from both ends.
  • the actuator shank 46 is generally rectangular in cross section; and one side thereof is provided with a rectangular recess 64 opening to the bottom wall thereof and dimensioned to accommodate the contact 25.
  • a cylindrical recess 65 in the shank opens to the downward facing base of the recess 64 and confines and guides a pivot pin 66 and helical compression spring 67, the pivot pin being aligned with and engaging the contact notch 62 to urge the contact 25 downwardly.
  • the actuator 45 is shown in its most extended position relative to the housing 40, being urged to this position by the spring 48 and being limited in an outward excursion by stop means not shown.
  • the actuator pivot 66 is overcenter to the left relative to the contact pivot 69, so that the bridging contact 25 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction relative to the pivot 69 as viewed in FIG. I to lift and maintain the contact boss 61 out of engagement with the stationary contact 27. This is the off" position of the switch.
  • the actuator 45 has been moved to an intermediate position relative to the housing 40 wherein the actuator pivot 66 has now been moved overcenter to the right relative to the contact pivot 69, thereby rotating the contact 25 clockwise relative to the pivot 69 to move the contact boss 61 into engagement with the stationary contact 27.
  • the contact 25 slides to the right on the pivot 69 maintaining electrical contact with the stationary contact 26 through the pivot 69.
  • the adjacent bridging contact 20 is identical in configuration to the contact 25, including a contact boss 71 projecting from a lower edge at one end and a V-shaped notch 72 in the upper edge intermediate its ends.
  • the contact 20 is similarly confined in a rectangular recess 74 provided in the opposite side of the actuator shank 46; and an upward extending cylindrical recess 75 confines the pivot pin 76 and associated helical compression spring 77 for engaging the notch 72 and urging the bridging contact downwardly into engagement with the associated stationary contacts.
  • the recess 74 with the adjacent housing wall 78 confines the contact 20 for rectilinear movement with the actuator and for pivotal movement relative to the stationary contacts.
  • the stationary contact 21 is similar in configuration to the contact 26 including an upwardly proj ecting portion defining a pivot 79 for engaging and supporting the lower edge of the bridging contact 20.
  • the pivot 79 opposes and confronts the pivot 76 to control the positive switching action as will now be described.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the off" position of the switch wherein the pivot 76 is positioned overcenter to the right relative to the pivot 79; whereby the contact 20 is rotated clockwise to maintain the contact boss 71 out of engagement with the stationary contact 22.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an intermediate position of the actuator responsive to the squeezing of the actuator trigger by the operator, wherein the pivot 76 has been moved overcenter to the left relative to the pivot 79 to rotate the contact 20 counterclockwise and urge the contact boss 71 into engagement with the stationary contact 22.
  • the boss 71 maintains sliding engagement with the stationary contact 22 while the contact 20 also maintains engagement with the pivot 79 of the stationary contact 21, to maintain closed circuit through these contacts.
  • the contact 22 is connected in series with the resistors 33 and 34.
  • the boss 71 of bridging contact 20 engages only the contacts 22 and 23, and does not engage the insulating rib 58.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of one face of a thick film circuit 81 which includes printed circuit conductors and components and which is included in the subassembly 41.
  • the thick film circuit consists, for example, of a ceramic wafer 81 and, as seen in both FIGS. 7 and 10, it includes the resistor elements 33 and 34 and associated terminals 35 and 36 which are referred to in connection with the circuit diagram of FIG. 11.
  • the circuit wafer 81 is enclosed in a cavity 82 defined between the subassembly blocks 51 and 52. The wafer is supported against the block 52; and the bridging slide contact 30 is also supported and guided in this recess 82.
  • FIGS. 9 the circuit wafer 81 is enclosed in a cavity 82 defined between the subassembly blocks 51 and 52.
  • the wafer is supported against the block 52; and the bridging slide contact 30 is also supported and guided in this recess 82.
  • the sliding contact 30 consists of a thin waferlike plate of conductive spring metal having a lower pair of laterally extending fingers 83 which are received in a longitudinal groove 84 formed in the wall of the block 51 facing the circuit wafer 81.
  • the coaction of the fingers 83 and the groove 83 prevent vertical movement of the sliding contact 30 and permit longitudinal sliding movement.
  • the sliding contact also includes laterally extending contact fingers 31 and 32 which are urged against the resistor elements 33 and 34 to provide the variable resistance in the circuit.
  • the sliding contact 30 also includes an upwardly extending tab 85, best seen in FIG. 10, which is received in a narrow elongated recess 86, best seen in FIGS. 8 and provided in the lower wall of the actuator shank 46.
  • the length of the recess 86 is only slightly greater than the longitudinal dimension of the tab 85, so that the contact moves longitudinally and rectilinearly with the actuator 45 to position the contact fingers 31 and 32 relative to the respective resistor elements 33 and 34. It will be appreciated that the particular sliding contact is merely exemplary of many known in the art.
  • FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 the parts of the switch and power control assembly are illustrated in the off position of the switch corresponding to that of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the contact fingers 31 and 32 engage the respective resistor elements at extreme left end of these elements as viewed in FIGS. 7 and 10. Accordingly, when the actuator is moved just slightly away from the off position, wherein the bridging contacts and have just moved to the position to make positive engagement with the respective stationary contacts 22 and 27, the variable resistance provided in the circuit will be a maximum with the current flowing, for example, from terminal 35 through the resistor element 33, the sliding contact 30, and the resistor element 34 to the terminal 36. As the sliding contact is moved toward the right, as viewed in FIG.
  • the lengths of the resistor elements 33 and 34 which are effective in the circuit decreases to provide a diminishing variable resistance.
  • the actuator is moved to its extreme position, corresponding to that of FIGS. 5 and 6, the bridging contact fingers 31 and 32 are in engagement with the terminals 35 and 36 so that no current flows through the resistor elements 33 and 34.
  • the bridging contact 20 engages stationary contact 23 and, as seen in FIG. 11, the motor is connected directly across line voltage.
  • bridging contact 20 continues to bridge the contacts 21 and 22 maintaining sliding engagement therewith, and bridging contact 25 continues to bridge the contacts 26 and 27 maintaining sliding engagement therewith.
  • the sliding contact 30 moves across the resistor elements 33 and 34 to decrease the variable resistance and increase the applied power to the load; or, as the trigger is released, the resistance is increased to decrease the applied power.
  • power is applied to the motor as the motor is connected directly in series with applied line voltage.
  • a feature of the invention is the provision of a positive acting switch including a bridging contact which maintains continuous engagement with one stationary contact and which is snapped positively into and out of engagement with another stationary contact.
  • a particular feature of the switch is that the bridging contact is urged by spring means into engagement with the two stationary contacts, and the switching action is effected by a pivoting movement of the bridging contact about a fixed pivot on the one stationary contact so that all of the sliding engagement is between the contact members of the switch assembly.
  • An ancillary feature of the switch arrangement is that an insulating barrier or rib may be provided between the adjacent stationary contacts and yet will not be engaged or abraided by the movable bridging contact.
  • Another feature of the invention is the provision of a variable power control, which includes a positive acting switch, and a thick film circuits carrying integral resistor elements wiped by a sliding contact carried with the switch actuator to provide variable resistance in the control circuit.
  • Iclaim 1. An electrical switch comprising a housing; an actuator mounted for rectilinear movement relative to said housing; 7
  • At least two spaced stationary contacts mounted on said housing; an elongated bridging contact carried by said actuator for rectilinear movement therewith, for selective bridging engagement with said stationary contacts;
  • one of said stationary contacts defining integral contact pivot means; said bridging contact being mounted on said actuator for pivotal movement relative to said contact pivot means; spring pivot means on said actuator opposing said stationary contact pivot means and continuously urging-said bridging contact toward the stationary contacts;
  • said bridging contact being movable between a nonbridging position, wherein said bridging contact is positioned relative to said pivot means to affect rotation of the contact out of engagement with the other of said stationary contacts, and the bridging position wherein said bridging contact is positioned relative to said pivot means to effect rotation of the contact into engagement with the other stationary contact,
  • said elongated bridging contact having one end disposed for continuous sliding engagement with said contact pivot means, and having a boss at its other end for selective engagement with said other stationary contact;
  • said housing providing a transverse insulating boss between said spaced stationary contacts; and said bridging contact being maintained out of engagement with said insulating boss in all positions thereof.
  • said housing is adapted to be mounted in a pistol grip handle of a control device; wherein said actuator includes an integral trigger projecting from said housing and adapted to be engaged by the finger of an operator; and means urging said actuator to an extended position wherein said bridging contact is positioned in the nonbridging position.
  • said stationary contacts are disposed generally in a plane parallel to the direction of rectilinear movement;
  • said bridging contact being confined in a recess in said actuator for pivotal movement in a plane perpendicular to the plane of said stationary contacts; said actuator a spring pivot means comprising an elongated coil spring guided in a hole in said actuator transverse to said stationary contact plane biasing said bridging contact intermediate its ends.
  • pivot means further include an elongated pin guided in said hole and urged by said spring into engagement with said bridging contact intermediate its ends.
  • An electric switch as set forth in claim 1 including at least four stationary contacts mounted on said housing and disposed generally in a plane parallel to the direction of rectilinear movement; said stationary contacts comprising first and second longitudinally spaced contacts and third and fourth longitudinally spaced contacts disposed in side-by-side relation;
  • first and second bridging contacts mounted on said actuator in side-by-side relation for rectilinear movement therewith; said first bridging contact being disposed for selective bridging engagement with said first and second stationary contacts, and said second bridging contact being disposed for selective bridging engagement with said third and fourth stationary contacts;
  • each of said first and third stationary contact having integral pivot means engaged by said bridging contacts; members; and spring pivot means on said actuator urging each of said bridging contacts into engagement with the respective stationary contacts.
  • An electric switch as set forth in claim a including three stationary contacts mounted on said housing in longitudinally spaced relation and disposed generally in a plane parallel to the direction of rectilinear movement; said bridging contact being maintained in continuous engagement with said one contact pivot means; and said boss of said bridging contact selectively engaging one of the other two stationary contacts responsive to the amount of rectilinear movement of said bridging contact from the new bridging position.
  • An electric switch and power control comprising a housing; an actuator mounted for rectilinear movement relative to said housing;
  • At least two spaced stationary contacts mounted on said housing; an elongated bridging contact carried by said actuator for rectilinear movement therewith; for selective bridging engagement with said stationary contacts;
  • one of said stationary contacts defining integral contact pivot means said bridging contact being mounted on said actuator for pivotal movement relative to said contact pivot means; spring pivot means on said actuator opposing said stationary contact pivot means and continuously urging said bridging contact toward the stationary contacts; and
  • said bridging contact being movable between a nonbridging position, wherein said bridging contact is positioned relative to said pivot means to affect rotation of the contact out of engagement with the other of said stationary contacts, and the bridging position, wherein said bridging contact is positioned relative to said pivot means to effect rotation of the contact into engagement with the other stationary contact;
  • said elongated bridging contact having one end disposed for continuous sliding engagement with said contact pivot means, and having a boss at its other end for selective engagement with said other stationary contact; said housing providing a transverse insulating boss between said spaced stationary contacts; and said bridging contact being maintained out of engagement with said insulating boss in all positions thereof; power control circuit means including elongated resistor means mounted on said housing; a second contact movable rectilinearly with said actuator, having slide means engaging said resistor means and being movable through selective positions along said resistor means to provide a plurality of resistance values; and means electrically connecting said resistor means with one of said stationary contacts.
  • An electric switch and power control as set forth in claim including guide means on said housing for supporting and guiding the rectilinear movement of said second movable contact; and said second movable contact and said actuator having respective coating tab and recess means for effecting the rectilinear movement of said contact with said actuator.
  • said resistor means comprises a pair of elongated resistor elements aligned and spaced longitudinally in a direction parallel to the direction of rectilinear movement; one end of each of said resistor elements being connected in said power control circuit means; and wherein said second movable contact comprises a bridging contact having a pair of slide fingers for engagement with the respective resistor elements, defining a series connection between said resistor elements.
  • An electric switch and power control as set forth in claim 7 including a thick film printed circuit mounted on said housing; said resistor means being provided by an elongated resistor element formed on a surface of said thick film circuit. 12.
  • An electronic switch and power control as set forth in claim 11 wherein said housing defines a cavity for confining said thick film circuit; and wherein said actuator is provided with a recess for accommodating a projecting boss of said second movable contact whereby said contact is moved rectilinearly with said actuator. 13.

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US34345A 1970-05-04 1970-05-04 Trigger control switch with particular bridging and stationary contact arrangements Expired - Lifetime US3629534A (en)

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US3434570A 1970-05-04 1970-05-04

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US (1) US3629534A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS548862B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA952953A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2122992C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886340A (en) * 1972-08-14 1975-05-27 Robert W Bittel Means for positioning a module in an electric motor control switch
US4256942A (en) * 1978-11-27 1981-03-17 Lucerne Products, Inc. Trigger operated tool handle switch
US4490591A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-12-25 Cooper Industries, Inc. Electric switch with cleaning action
US20120024679A1 (en) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-02 Eaton Industries Gmbh Switching device with a geometric element for impact of the movement of the movable contact element
US20240105399A1 (en) * 2022-09-23 2024-03-28 Husqvarna Ab Handheld power tool

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2966560A (en) * 1958-11-26 1960-12-27 Ind Electronic Hardware Corp Slide switch
US3456230A (en) * 1965-08-23 1969-07-15 Lucerne Products Inc Electrical switch apparatus
US3469042A (en) * 1967-11-28 1969-09-23 Gen Motors Corp Rack and pinion switch with tiltable bridging contact and stepped fixed contacts
US3536973A (en) * 1968-02-01 1970-10-27 Lucerne Products Inc Switch and speed control for electric motor

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3329842A (en) * 1965-05-11 1967-07-04 Cutler Hammer Inc Speed controllers for portable devices
US3415966A (en) * 1967-05-08 1968-12-10 Lucerne Products Inc Electrical switch with improved bridge contactor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2966560A (en) * 1958-11-26 1960-12-27 Ind Electronic Hardware Corp Slide switch
US3456230A (en) * 1965-08-23 1969-07-15 Lucerne Products Inc Electrical switch apparatus
US3469042A (en) * 1967-11-28 1969-09-23 Gen Motors Corp Rack and pinion switch with tiltable bridging contact and stepped fixed contacts
US3536973A (en) * 1968-02-01 1970-10-27 Lucerne Products Inc Switch and speed control for electric motor

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886340A (en) * 1972-08-14 1975-05-27 Robert W Bittel Means for positioning a module in an electric motor control switch
US4256942A (en) * 1978-11-27 1981-03-17 Lucerne Products, Inc. Trigger operated tool handle switch
US4490591A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-12-25 Cooper Industries, Inc. Electric switch with cleaning action
US20120024679A1 (en) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-02 Eaton Industries Gmbh Switching device with a geometric element for impact of the movement of the movable contact element
US20240105399A1 (en) * 2022-09-23 2024-03-28 Husqvarna Ab Handheld power tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2122992A1 (de) 1971-11-25
JPS548862B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-04-19
DE2122992C3 (de) 1974-03-07
DE2122992B2 (de) 1973-08-16
CA952953A (en) 1974-08-13

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: TECCOR ELECTRONICS, INC.

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ECC CORPORATION, A CORP. OF TEXAS;REEL/FRAME:005518/0099

Effective date: 19760412

AS Assignment

Owner name: BANKERS TRUST COMPANY, NEW YORK

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:RANCO INCORPORATED A CORP. OF DELAWARE;REEL/FRAME:005758/0180

Effective date: 19900730