US3626727A - Tubular knitted fabric - Google Patents

Tubular knitted fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
US3626727A
US3626727A US881227A US3626727DA US3626727A US 3626727 A US3626727 A US 3626727A US 881227 A US881227 A US 881227A US 3626727D A US3626727D A US 3626727DA US 3626727 A US3626727 A US 3626727A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
welt
loops
needles
toe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US881227A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gillies Wood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bentley Engineering Co Ltd
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Bentley Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bentley Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Bentley Engineering Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3626727A publication Critical patent/US3626727A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
    • C07D265/30—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines not condensed with other rings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/108—Gussets, e.g. pouches or heel or toe portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D04B9/56—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof heel or toe portions

Definitions

  • This invention is for improvements relating to tubular knitted fabric and is concerned more particularly with the closure of a fabric tube in a manner which does not require linking or seaming operations to be performed after knitting of the tube.
  • One object of the invention is to provide an improved manner of closing a fabric tube which can be effected in a simple manner economically on a machine in which the fabric tube is knitted.
  • the invention is more particularly concerned with a fabric tube which is closed by means of a double ply fabric produced in similar fashion to a turned welt having the fold of the double ply portion drawn inwards to close the end of the tube.
  • a closed fabric has the closure effected by a plurality of U-shaped loops of yarn spaced circumferentially of the tube and together forming a constricted closure or neck by pulling said fold of the double ply portion towards the centre of the tube.
  • the loops of yarn conveniently extend from the periphery of the double ply portion with U bends partly encircling the constricted central portion of the double ply fabric.
  • loops of yarn is such that the central part of the fabric is constricted completely, partly by one loop and partly by at least one other.
  • Two diametrically positioned loops may be employed but generally it will be preferred to employ at least three or four such loops and a larger number than this, say six or eight loops, is found to be convenient and particularly effective.
  • the invention includes a procedure for forming a closed tubular fabric article in which a portion of fabric produced in similar fashion to a turned welt is knitted and, prior to the joining together of the beginning and end parts of the welt like portion, U-shaped loops are formed by a yarn being withdrawn from the needles and fed partly around the knitted fabric and then re-introduced to the needles and by the same procedure being repeated at a suitably spaced position or positions around the needle circle, after which the welt-like portion is turned by the joining the stitches in its initial part to stitches in its last part.
  • the loops extending partly round the central portion of the welt-like fabric thus constrain the fold therein into a neck portion which may or may not be completely closed.
  • the invention is particularly useful in the manufacture of stockings, socks and similar hosiery articles for effecting the closure of the toe ends of the feet of such articles.
  • the article After such an article has been knitted and closed or partly closed by the provision of the constricting loops incorporated in the welt-like portion as aforesaid, the article is shaped on a board and the double ply portion will thereby become stretched to the shape of the toe end of the board, and this will cause the U-shaped loops to become drawn taut.
  • this manner of partial closure by the U-shaped loops followed by turning of the welt-like portion and subsequent knitting of courses of anti-ravel fabric will leave a sufficient central opening to enable a toeward portion of the main part of the fabric (which will have become encircled by the constriction in the welt portion) to be drawn through such opening in the welt-like portion and the latter turned inside out so that the anti-ravel courses forming the final part of the knitted article will be brought to the inside of the tubular fabric.
  • a convenient procedure which is applied to the manufacture of a stocking or other hosiery article is as follows.
  • a short length of tubular fabric is produced by knitting over loop holding elements so that one end of the tube is held on the elements and the other in held on the needles. Knitting is continued until a sufiicient length of fabric has been knitted to enable it to be closed as double fabric to the center of the tube.
  • U-shaped loops of yarn are caused to extend inwards of the needles in such manner that the bend of each -U partly encircles the short fabric tube.
  • the tube is constrained into a neck which is not necessarily closed.
  • the knitting of the double ply portion constituting the toe fabric is now completed by transferring the held loops from the elements back to the needles.
  • the toe fabric produced by this method has two particular features, these are:
  • the invention includes tubular knitted fabric having an end part formed of double thickness welt like construction having incorporated between the plies of said end part constricting threads in the form of U-shaped loops spaced apart around the fabric and arranged so as to constrict the fold of the welt like portion to a substantial- 1y closed state when said portion is drawn out lengthwise of the fabric.
  • the constricting threads in the form of U-shaped loops conveniently run from and to the line at which the plies of the welt-like portion are joined together.
  • the invention can be applied to an article of knitted hosiery footwear, e.g. a ladies stocking, with the double welt-like part aforementioned forming the toe end part of the foot and being closed by the combined constricting action of the U-shaped loops of the constricting threads.
  • the welt-like end part of tubular knitted fabric may incorporate two U-shaped loops as aforesaid positioned diametrically opposite one another, or a greater plurality of such loops spaced around the tubular fabric.
  • the invention includes the provision of a portion of tubular fabric or a hosiery article having an end part closed by constricting threads in the form of U-shaped loops and also having a terminal band of anti-ravel fabric positioned on the inside of the fabric portion or article.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 show in central vertical cross-section the dial and upper part of a needle cylinder of a circular knitting machine and illustrate various stages in one procedure for forming fabric at the closed end of a fabric tube
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the end closing fabric
  • FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 3 but shows the fabric substantially fully closed
  • FIG. 6 is a side perspective view, partially broken away, of part of the fabric when in the stage of FIG. 5,
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 correspond to FIGS. 2 and 4 but illustrate a modified procedure
  • FIG. 9 corresponds to FIG. 6 but shows a fabric formation resulting from the procedure illustrated by FIGS. 7
  • FIG. 10 corresponds to FIG. 7 but shOWS a further modification.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 7 and 8 of the drawings parts of a cylinder and dial type circular knitting machine are shown including a needle cylinder 10, a welt dial 11, needles 12, welt hooks 13, sinkers 24 and a central throat tube 25.
  • FIGS. 1 and 6 of the drawings A particular manufacturing sequence illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 6 of the drawings is as follows. To knit a stocking commencing at the toe end, make up" courses are started using both the needles 12 and the welt hooks 13, in similar manner to that used in commencing a conventional inturned welt. The short length of fabric which is then knitted depends as shown at 14 in FIG. 1 from the hooks 13 to the needles 12 and may be knit on all of the needles or only a fraction of the needles (uniformly spaced around the needle circle) as desired.
  • the needles 12 When sufiicient fabric to form a closure has been knitted, the needles 12 are then directed to a low inactive track where they hold their loops and at this stage the aforementioned U-shaped loops of yarn are generated to constrict the tube of fabric approximately midway between the hooks 13 and the needles 12.
  • the U-shaped loops may be obtained by raising to knitting activity, at succeeding courses, different small groups of needles 12 extending along small arcs 15 (FIG. 3) of the needle circle, which causes the yarn to be knit over are 15, and then causes a looping yarn 16 to extend (as shown somewhat diagrammatically in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the condition of the fabric 14 and machine parts while the loops 16 are being formed.
  • the held fabric loops on the hooks 13 are transferred back to the needles 12 all of which are then caused to knit to complete the double ply toe portion indicated at 14a (FIG. 4) having a central opening 19 surrounded by loops 16 contained within the double ply fabric and constituting means by which automatic closure can be obtained. Knitting can now proceed to make the foot, leg and if desired a welt portion which may be terminated by means such as anti-ravel stitches to prevent unroving.
  • Final closure of the stocking to the stage illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 is automatically obtained as previously described by drawing the stocking on to a board and may be part of the finishing operations.
  • the sequence of knitting may be reversed and the stocking commenced at the top or welt end.
  • any desired welt may be made followed by the leg and foot fabric.
  • Knitting is then continued to form a welt like fold of fabric indicated at 20 in FIG. 7, which hangs in tubular form between the welt dial books 13 and the needles 12 and surrounds the toe end part of the stocking indicated at 21 suspended from the welt dial books.
  • U-shaped constraining loops 16 are generated in the manner described previously to draw inwards the fold of fabrics.
  • the stocking foot portion 21 depending from the hooks 13 will also be contained within the constrained circular fold 20 of toe fabric.
  • the stitches being held by the books 13 are returned to the needles thus completing the double ply toe portion as indicated at 20a in FIG. 8 and also joining the final course of the foot of the stocking to the terminal loops of the toe fabric.
  • the stocking may be pressed off the needles 12 and, because of the nature of the closure means contained in the double ply toe fabric and the central opening shown at 23 therein, the foot portion, which is encircled by the double ply fabric 20a may be drawn through the opening 23 in the toe fabric thus causing the anti-ravel courses 22 to be positioned on the inside of the stocking toe.
  • Final closure of the stocking is obtained during the boarding, as already stated.
  • the product of the alternative procedure just described is a stocking (or other article of hosiery footwear) having its toe end portion of double ply welt-like structure having incorporated between the plies a plurality of U- shaped loops of yarn which together form constricting means serving to close the toe at the fold of the welt-like doubled fabric, and having a band of anti-ravel fabric positioned on the inside of the toe end portion at the join line of the two plies of the welt-like portion.
  • any tubular knitted fabric having an end closed in the same manner.
  • the U-shaped loops 16 of yarn forming the constricting means all of substantially the same length so that substantially the same pull is exerted by each of them to draw the weltlike portion of doubled fabric together along its fold line at a central position.
  • This can be at least partially attained by controlling the tension in the yarn during the formation of the U-shaped loops, but can be more positively achieved by employing the modification shown in FIG. 10.
  • the welt dial 11 of the knitting machine is provided with a central depending rod or peg 26 of circular cross-section which is arranged to project within the double ply welt-like fabric 20 and provides a sizing device around which the yarn forming the U-shaped loops is passed in a suitably tensioned condition.
  • the use of the rod or peg 26 is illustrated in FIG. in connection with the alternative procedure described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 and shows the stage of procedure corresponding to FIG. 7.
  • the rod or peg 26 can equally well be used in practising the first procedure described at the stage of procedure corresponding to FIG. 2.
  • the invention may be regarded as constituting a modification of the invention described in Wignall et al. copending US. patent application Ser. No. 769,840, filed Oct. 23, 1968 and it may furthermore be practised in conjunction with the invention described in Findlay et al. co-pending US. patent application Ser. No. 776,943, filed Nov. 19, 1968.
  • a separate piece of fabric is knitted between welt dial hooks 13 and the needles such as 12 while the stocking itself is still retained on the needles by loops remaining at an inactive low level thereon.
  • the separate piece of fabric is constricted midway between the welt dial hooks and the needles by winding a yarn around the fabric or employing other means of closure.
  • the stocking By virtue of the fact that the foot of the stocking may be finally drawn through a semi-constricted and partly closed zone, the stocking could be held on the welt hooks (after knitting anti-ravel courses if necessary) whilst the closure fabric is knitted thus enabling any anti-ravel courses required for termination of the knitting to be caused to be positioned on the inside of the stocking.
  • loop holding elements other than welt hooks.
  • Such other loop holding elements may be needles of an upper needle bed, for example the dial needles of a cylinder and dial rib knitting machine, or needles in the upper cylinder of an opposed co-axial needle cylinder machine.
  • the invention may be employed for producing on a knitting machine closed foot parts of ladies stockings, stocking tights, panti-hose and like garments as well as other forms of hosiery footwear.
  • a method of producing an end part of a closed tubular fabric article comprising the steps of knitting on a circular knitting machine a welt-like portion of fabric whilst one end of the fabric is held on loop holding instruments, forming a plurality of circumferentially spaced U-shaped loops each by withdrawing a yarn from the needles, feeding it partly around the knitted fabric and reintroducing it to the needles so that the U-shaped loops together constrict the central part of the welt-like portion of fabric, and turning the welt-like part by joining the stitches in its initial part to the stitches in its last formed part.
  • a method according to claim 1 including the step of knitting tubular fabric as a continuation from the weltlike part after turning the latter.
  • a method according to claim 1 including knitting tubular fabric preceding the welt-like portion and knitting a band of anti-ravel fabric as a continuation from the welt-like portion of fabric after turning the latter.
  • a method according to claim '3 including the step of reversing the welt-like portion by drawing the end part of the first knitted tubular fabric through the constricted central part of the welt-like portion to bring the band of anti-ravel fabric to the inside.
  • a method of producing a toe end part of an article of hosiery footwear comprises forming a constricting and turning a welt-like portion of fabric at a toe end thereof by the steps as claimed in claim 1 with the U-shaped loops of yarn partly constricting the welt-like portion, and shaping and setting the toe end part in such manner as to draw the U-shaped loops to a ta-ut condition to constrict the fabric to a substantially fully closed state.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
US881227A 1968-12-06 1969-12-01 Tubular knitted fabric Expired - Lifetime US3626727A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5796368 1968-12-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3626727A true US3626727A (en) 1971-12-14

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ID=10480470

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US881227A Expired - Lifetime US3626727A (en) 1968-12-06 1969-12-01 Tubular knitted fabric

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3626727A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1961380A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2025578A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1264304A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935718A (en) * 1970-05-14 1976-02-03 Amos Carminati Method for manufacturing stockings, socks and the like
US6209363B1 (en) 1997-01-03 2001-04-03 B.B. & T. Knitting, Ltd. Process for facilitating closure of a tubular knit article
US20040154510A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Bb & S Knitting Consultants Apparatus and method for automatically orienting hosiery articles for closing toe ends thereof
US20040155074A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Bb&S Knitting Consultants Apparatus for automatically orienting hosiery articles for closing toe ends thereof

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935718A (en) * 1970-05-14 1976-02-03 Amos Carminati Method for manufacturing stockings, socks and the like
US6209363B1 (en) 1997-01-03 2001-04-03 B.B. & T. Knitting, Ltd. Process for facilitating closure of a tubular knit article
US20040154510A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Bb & S Knitting Consultants Apparatus and method for automatically orienting hosiery articles for closing toe ends thereof
US20040155074A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Bb&S Knitting Consultants Apparatus for automatically orienting hosiery articles for closing toe ends thereof
US7025011B2 (en) 2003-01-24 2006-04-11 B.B. & S Knitting Consultants Apparatus for automatically orienting hosiery articles for closing toe ends thereof
US7044071B2 (en) 2003-01-24 2006-05-16 B.B. & S Knitting Consultants Apparatus and method for automatically orienting hosiery articles for closing toe ends thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1961380A1 (de) 1970-08-06
FR2025578A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-11
GB1264304A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-02-23

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