US3625663A - Thermostatic bimetal and high expanding alloy - Google Patents
Thermostatic bimetal and high expanding alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3625663A US3625663A US792838*A US3625663DA US3625663A US 3625663 A US3625663 A US 3625663A US 3625663D A US3625663D A US 3625663DA US 3625663 A US3625663 A US 3625663A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bimetal
- component
- alloy
- iron
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BIJOYKCOMBZXAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe].[Ni] BIJOYKCOMBZXAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/011—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
- G01K5/56—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid
- G01K5/62—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid the solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strip
- G01K5/64—Details of the compounds system
- G01K5/66—Selection of composition of the components of the system
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/125—Deflectable by temperature change [e.g., thermostat element]
- Y10T428/12521—Both components Fe-based with more than 10% Ni
Definitions
- a bimetal was fabricated using this specific alloy as high expansion component and Invar (nominal 36% nicke1, balance iron) as the low expansion component. No phase transformations could be observed over the temperature range of l96 C. to 250 C.; the fiexivity was unimpaired; and there was no discrete volume change.
- a bimetal comprising:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Details Of Measuring And Other Instruments (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
A HIGH EXPANDING COMPONENT FOR A THERMOSTATIC BIMETAL IN THE FORM OF AN ALLOY HAVING AS MAJOR CONSTITUENTS, NICKEL, CHROMIUM, IRON AND MANGANESE. A BIMETAL UTILIZING THIS COMPONENT TOGETHER WITH A CONVENTIONAL LOW EXPANDING COMPONENT SUCH AS INVAR CAN BE USED WITHIN A TEMPERATURE RANGE OF -196*C. TO 250*C. WITHOUT ANY LOSS OF STRENGTH OR ELASTICITY SINCE, UNLIKE CONVENTIONAL BIMETALS, NEITHER OF THE TWO COMPONENTS USED IN MY BIMETAL UNDERGOES ANY TYPE OF PHASE INFORMATION.
Description
United States Patent US. Cl. 29--195.5 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A high expanding component for a thermostatic bimetal in the form of an alloy having as major constituents, nickel, chromium, iron and manganese. A bimetal utilizing this component together with a conventional low expanding component such as Invar can be used within a temperature range of 196 C. to 250 C. without any loss of strength or elasticity since, unlike conventional bimetals, neither of the two components used in my bimetal undergoes any type of phase information.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Bimetals using a high expanding component of the chromium-nickel-iron type (typically an alloy containing 22% nickel, 3% chromium, balance iron) and a low expanding component of the nickel-iron type (typically 35.5%-50% nickel, balance iron) cannot be used below -100 F. (73 C.) without detrimental effects, since the high expanding component is normally in the austenite phase, but undergoes an incomplete martensitic transformation at subzero temperatures whereby a two phase structure (austenite plus martensite) is produced. This transformation is accompanied by a permanent discrete volume increase so that this component is not dimensionally stable at low temperatures. Upon subsequent heating, the thermal expansion of this component is decreased. As a result of this decrease, the flexivity (the amount of bend of the bimetal when heated) of a bimetal having a component with a two phase structure is substantially reduced over the flexivity which would be obtained if the component remained single phase.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION I have developed an alloy containing the following major constituents as expressed in percent by weight:
Percent Nickel 20.2-21.5 Chromium 3.2-5.0 Manganese 0.5-2.2
Iron, balance.
The following minor constituents can be added to this This alloy, when used as the high expanding component in thermostatic bimetals, exhibits the same physical characteristics as the conventional nickel-chromium-iron alloy, but instead of being subject to phase transformations within the temperature range 196 C.-250 C., remains totally in the austenite phase. As a result, over this range,
3,625,603 Patented Dec. 7, 1971 ice the resulting bimetal is completely stable, its flexivity is unimpaired, and there is no discrete volume change. This permits my bimetal to be used in applications wherein the reduced flexivity of normal bimetals is objectionable, as for example, in bimetal thermometers.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A specific alloy composition falling within the ranges recited above was formulated as follows:
Percent Nickel 21.31 Chromium 3.85
Manganese 1.59 Carbon 0.17
Silicon 0.14
Phosphorous O-0.025 Sulfur 0-0.025
Iron, balance.
A bimetal was fabricated using this specific alloy as high expansion component and Invar (nominal 36% nicke1, balance iron) as the low expansion component. No phase transformations could be observed over the temperature range of l96 C. to 250 C.; the fiexivity was unimpaired; and there was no discrete volume change.
Other typical compositions of my alloy are set forth in the tabulation below.
Ni Cr Mn Si (3 Melt number:
While I have described my invention with particular reference to the embodiments described above, my protection is to be limited only by the terms of the claims which follow.
What is claimed is:
1. A bimetal comprising:
a first metallic layer designated as a low expanding component, said first layer being composed of Invar;
Iron, balance.
2. A bimetal as set forth in claim 1 wherein the second layer contains 21.3% nickel, 3.85% chromium, 1.59% manganese and 0.17% carbon.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,953,229 4/1934 Heron 128 2,725,493 1l/1955 Mitchel 75-128 HYLAND BIZOT, Primary Examiner
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79283869A | 1969-01-21 | 1969-01-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3625663A true US3625663A (en) | 1971-12-07 |
Family
ID=25158231
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US792838*A Expired - Lifetime US3625663A (en) | 1969-01-21 | 1969-01-21 | Thermostatic bimetal and high expanding alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3625663A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4585707A (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | High expansion alloy for bimetal strip |
| CN112779462A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-11 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | FeNiMnCr series high-expansion alloy with low Ni content, strip and application |
-
1969
- 1969-01-21 US US792838*A patent/US3625663A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4585707A (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | High expansion alloy for bimetal strip |
| CN112779462A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-11 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | FeNiMnCr series high-expansion alloy with low Ni content, strip and application |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION READING PENNSYLVA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:AMAX INC., A CORP OF NEW YORK;REEL/FRAME:004284/0609 Effective date: 19840427 |