US3623442A - Knurled closure - Google Patents

Knurled closure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3623442A
US3623442A US807189A US3623442DA US3623442A US 3623442 A US3623442 A US 3623442A US 807189 A US807189 A US 807189A US 3623442D A US3623442D A US 3623442DA US 3623442 A US3623442 A US 3623442A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
knurled
outwardly
forming
closure
directed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US807189A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wilburn Coy Willis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Howmet Aerospace Inc
Original Assignee
Aluminum Company of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminum Company of America filed Critical Aluminum Company of America
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3623442A publication Critical patent/US3623442A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/38—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
    • B21D51/44—Making closures, e.g. caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
    • B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
    • B65D41/04—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation
    • B65D41/0485—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with means specially adapted for facilitating the operation of opening or closing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
    • Y10S72/703—Knurling

Definitions

  • the closure having both the outwardly directed and the inwardly directed knurled portions each of substantially uniform transverse width throughout their longitudinal extent.
  • the knurling originates within the upper half of the skirt and tenninates at its uppermost level in the upper panel.
  • This invention relates to knurled closures and more specifically to torque-removable closure knurling having portions of outstruck enlarged diameter with respect to the closure shell diameter and a continuous annular knurled band formed partially within the closure skirt and partially within the closure top panel.
  • Knurling may be provided in various ways. In plastic closures, for example, it may be integrally molded. In metal closures it is conventionally provided by applying a radially inwardly directed force to reform the closure skirt inwardly at spaced intervals about the circumference of the closure. The relief provided in this fashion produces knurled portions having a maximum diameter equal to or slightly less than the diameter of the original closure shell. The diameter of the recessed portions is substantially less. As such knurling is limited in maximum diameter by the closure diameter, only use of a larger diameter closure shell could provide an enlarged knurl.
  • the knurling In order to improve the effectiveness of the knurling, it is frequently extended over the entire skirt. As the knurling is generally employed in closures having screw threads or lugs, the objective of maximum knurl length conflicts with the objective of obtaining effective threads or lugs. The knurls are, however, frequently extended downwardly over the threads.
  • This invention provides a method of forming a closure provided with an annular knurled band having the outwardly directed knurled portion extending radially outwardly beyond the diameter of the closure shell or workpiece over an upper portion of the closure skirt and a portion of the closure top,
  • the knurled band consists of outwardly directed knurled portions disposed in alternate circumferential position around the closure skirt with respect to inwardly directed knurled portions.
  • the outwardly directed portions are preferably of generally V-shaped transverse cross-sectional configuration, while the inwardly directed portions are of substantially straight or flat transverse cross-sectional configuration, While, as a practical matter, there will be a slight curve to the inwardly directed portion, this would be considered to be substantially flat" herein.
  • Each outwardly directed portion is formed within a first circumferential arc.
  • the outwardly directed portions are preferably formed within first circumferential arcs totaling about to percent of the total circumference of that portion of the closure shell within which the annular knurled band is formed.
  • the knurled portions of this invention may originate in the upper half of the closure skirt and extend continuously upwardly and curvingly radially inwardly through the top of the skirt and into the top panel.
  • the method of this invention provides for formation of alternate individual outwardly and inwardly directed knurl portions.
  • the first circumferential arc is formed radially outwardly while the adjacent second circumferential arcs are restrained against radial outward movement. In this fashion, first circumferential arcs are moved radially outwardly along the skirt portion and upwardly and outwardly along the closure top panel. For a given outwardly directed knurl portion this is accomplished substantially simultaneously.
  • the same restraining action along the length produces substantially simultaneous formation of an individual inwardly directed knurl portion over its entire length.
  • the total number of outwardly and inwardly directed knurl portions combine to form the annular knurled band which may be formed either simultaneously or progressively.
  • the total circumferential area covered by the first arcs is less than that covered by the second arcs.
  • the first arcs cover a total of about 10 to 20 percent of the total circumference of that portion of the closure shell which will be occupied by the annular knurled band.
  • the transverse width of the outwardly directed knurl portions is preferably uniform throughout their length as is the case with respect to the transverse width of the inwardly directed knurl portions.
  • the height of the outwardly directed knurl elements preferred exceeds the inwardly directed elements by about 0.020 to 0.030 inch.
  • the closure top panel has an inner portion, which is preferably substantially flat, and an annular outer portion which curves downwardly and radially outwardly to meet the closure skirt.
  • the lower origin of the knurled band originates on the closure skirt at a position within the upper half and preferably the upper quarter of the closure skirt.
  • the band extends initially substantially vertically upwardly and then continues over at least a major portion of the annular outer portion of the top panel.
  • the origin of the knurled band is above any thread or lug elements, and terminates in the top panel at the uppermost portion of the band.
  • the outwardly directed knurl sections are of substantially V-shaped transverse cross-sectional configuration and the inwardly directed knurl portions are preferably of substantially flat transverse cross-sectional configuration.
  • the annular knurled band also serves to rigidify and protect the impact-susceptible upper corner of the closure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a closure incorporating an embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view, partially in section, of a closure of this invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view partially in section of a closure of this invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a detailed fragmentary sectional view of a portion ofthe closure shell out of which the closure will be formed.
  • FIG. 5 shows an intermediate stage of the method of the invention with the outwardly directed knurls being partially formed.
  • FIG. 6 shows another stage of the method of this invention with one knurl completely formed.
  • F IG. 7 is a fragmentary sectional elevation showing the tooling in engagement with both the closure skirt and the top panel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a threaded closure 2 which has a skirt 4 depending from a panel 6.
  • An annular knurled band 8 in the form illustrated, has the knurled elements originating in the upper portion of the closure skirt 4 and extending continuously upwardly through the top of the skirt and into the closure panel 6.
  • the knurled band 8 has outwardly directed knurled portions I4 which are uniformly positioned around the circumference of the closure in alternate positions with respect to the inwardly directed portions 16.
  • the outwardly directed knurled portions 14 establish a diameter D which is greater than diameter D, which was the original diameter of the closure shell skirt.
  • the inwardly directed knurled portions 16 have a diameter D, substantially equal to the original shell skirt diameter.
  • the knurled structure therefore, provides a minimum diameter D, approximating that of the original shell and an enlarged diameter D exceeding that of th 'original shell.
  • FIG. 7 which is a fragmentary elevation of the closirre positioned in the forming dies, shows an inwardly directed knurl portion in the solid lines and an outwardly directed knurl portion in the dotted lines.
  • the top panel 6 has an annular outer portion (defined by the letter T) which surrounds the substantially flat inner top panel portion.
  • the annular outer portion T has a curved downwardly and radially outwardly configuration and terminates at its lower end by merging into the closure skirt 4.
  • the annular band defined by knurl portions l4, 16 therefore, has a lower origin within the upper one-half of the closure skirt and extends continuously upwardly through at least a major portion of the annular outer portion of top panel 6.
  • the terminus of the band is disposed at the uppermost portion thereof, within the top panel 6. From the origin the band extends initially vertically upwardly within the skirt 4 and then curves upwardly and radially inwardly within the annular outer portion T of the top panel 6. While the band may continue into the inner top panel portion, it is preferred that the terminus be positioned in relatively close proximity to the radially innermost end of the annular outer portion T.
  • the two-surface coverage by the knurled portions l4, 16, which cover a relatively small portion of the closure, provides an outwardly enlarged continuous closure knurl of definite extent which facilitates machine engagement for applying the closure to a container as well as manual engagement for removal thereof.
  • it provides an annular reinforced region at the area of joining of the top panel 6 and skirt 4 to provide increased resistance to the closure 2.
  • torque-removable closure shall refer to a closure having continuous or discontinuous threads, lugs or other container finish engaging protrusions which require the application of torque to apply or remove the closure from a container. It is not important whether the container finish engaging protrusions are formed before knurling, simultaneously therewith or thereafter.
  • FIG. 4 a section of a generally cylindrical closure shell skirt is shown; the dotted lines reflecting the outwardly curved knurl elements 14 to be formed and the intermediate inwardly directed knurl elements 16 shown in solid lines.
  • a series of first circumferential arcs A are of substantially the same size and disposed in circumferential alternating position with respect to a series of second circumferential arcs A, which are also all of substantially the same size. These arcs A, A while for convenience of illustration are shown in the skirt, will be understood to extend upwardly therefrom into the top panel 6 to the terminus of the annular knurled band.
  • Circumferential are A provides the metal to be used in forming element 14 of height h.
  • Arc A which is longer than are A,, provides the metal for forming element 16.
  • the outwardly directed knurl elements 14 are formed by outwardly reforming are A, to a height h. This generally involves stretching or thinning of the metal in are A,. It will be appreciated that when each knurl portion 14 is created from an are A, the entire portion 14 may be formed substantially simultaneously by reforming the entire arc A, from the lower origin within the skirt 4 to the upper terminus within the top panel 6.
  • the lower sector of the knurl portion 14 is within the skirt 4 and is disposed substantially vertically while the upstanding upper portion which is formed as a continuous extension of the lower portion extends upwardly and radially inwardly into the top panel while being raised with respect thereto.
  • the annular knurled band preferably has its origin within the upper quarter of the closure skirt at a position above the thread elements on the closure.
  • the inwardly directed knurl portions 16 are formed by substantially completely resisting movement of are A, during formation of portions 14. In this fashion portions 16 have a diameter D, substantially equal to the original shell diameter and portions 14 have a diameter D, equivalent to double the height h of portions 14.
  • the larger element 16 is formed without substantial movement of the metal in arc A Smaller are A, is merely formed radially outwardly to festablish element 14.
  • One significant feature of this invention is the permitted variations in the diameter D of the outwardly directed knurled elements 14 with respect to height h and circumferential frequency and width of elements 14, 16. While the beneficial results of this invention can be obtained with are A, larger than are A, the preferred arrangement provides a total circumferential extent of arcs A, equal to about 10 to 20 percent of the total circumference of the closure shell. The total circumferential extent of all of arcs A then equals about 80 to '90 percent of the shell circumference. This results in outwardly directed knurled sections 14 being of a readily formable size, and provides a desired section height h, coupled with sufficient circumferential gap between adjacent sections 14 to facilitate gripping.
  • the preferred exterior height Jr of hollow sections 14 with respect to sections 16 is about 0.020 to 0.030 inch, which results in diameter D, exceeding diameter D, by a maximum of about 0.040 to 0.060 inch.
  • the height h may vary alopg the length of the knurl portion 14, but will reach a maximum intermediate opposed ends thereof.
  • annular knurled band 8 may be effected in the manner shown in FIGS. 5 through 7.
  • Inner die member 20 has bosses 22 which are adapted to cooperate with recesses 26 of outer die 24.
  • forming has been initiated, while in FIG. 6 the elements l4, 16 have been formed.
  • center boss 22 of inner die 20 has initiated deformation of the one outwardly directed knurl portion. It is noted that portions of die 24 abut the adjacent arcs A in surface-to-surface contact which resists outward movement thereof.
  • the formation of the center knurl portion 14 is substantially complete while the adjacent ones are in the initial forming stages.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a die configuration for simultaneously forming the full longitudinal extent of an individual portion 14 or 16 over the full extent from skirt origin to top panel terminus.
  • the terminus may be within the annular outer portion of top panel 6 or within the inner top panel portion in close proximity to portion T. Little if any added benefit is obtained by extending the terminus at a position toward the center of top panel 6.
  • Outer die 24 is provided with an extension 28 which incorporates a curved transition and a top panel contacting surface.
  • lnner die 24 is provided with a panel-supporting surface 30. Extension 28 and surface 30 have complementary portions which are continuations of bosses 22 and recesses 26.
  • the top extension 28 serves as an added restraint which contributes to effective formation of continuous knurling on the skirt and top panel.
  • the outer die 24 therefore provides restraining surfaces engaging the skirt to resist radial expansion where elements 16 are to be formed and also to resist, through extension 28, upward deformation of the upper sector of elements 16.
  • the outwardly directed knurled sections 14 may have a suitable transverse cross-sectional configuration which is generally V-shaped
  • the inwardly directed knurled sections 16 preferably have a straight or flat transverse cross-sectional configuration.
  • the sections 16 will generally be an arc A which has a radius approximating that of the closure skirt, but this, for purposes of the present description, will be considered as being generally flat or straight.
  • the closure is preferably made from a unitary deformable substantially rigid shell which may conveniently be of metal, such as aluminum or tin plate.
  • closure may be provided with a suitable sealing gasket such as a disc, ring, inner shell or other convenient form.
  • annular knurled band provides a rigidified corner structure which will increase the impact resistance of the closure in this damage-susceptible area.
  • the method and closure of this invention provide an economical means for effecting an improved knurled closure structure.
  • the closure skirt may be provided with an upstanding annular knurl band of increased diameter.
  • This knurl may have a predetermined height h made from predetermined arc widths (A A).
  • the knurling may originate in the upper half, preferably the upper quarter, of the skirt portion and extend continuously upwardly through the closure panel.
  • the added height of the knurls and presence in both skirt and top panel result in a knurled band having a greater difference in height between the sections l4, l6 and an enlarged diameter D This facilitates more effective engagement by hand or machine to apply torque to the closure in effecting application or removal. Also, the increased diameter provides an increased mechanical efficiency due to the added torque arm length. All of this is accomplished simply, while providing a distinctive closure of improved appearance and functioning.
  • a method of forming a knurled container closure comprising providing a generally cylindrical closure shell having a top panel and a depending annular skirt,
  • said first circumferential arcs occupying about 10 to 20 percent of the total circumference of said closure shell
  • said second circumferential arcs occupying about to percent of the total circumference of said closure shell
  • each said outwardly directed knurled portion with a substantially uniform transverse width throughout its continuous length
  • each said inwardly directed knurled portion with a substantially uniform transverse width throughout its continuous length.
  • each said outwardly and inwardly disposed knurled portion with a vertically upwardly directed portion adjacent its origin and having an upwardly and radially inwardly directed curved portion connecting therewith terminating at the uppermost level of said knurled portions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
US807189A 1969-03-14 1969-03-14 Knurled closure Expired - Lifetime US3623442A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80718969A 1969-03-14 1969-03-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3623442A true US3623442A (en) 1971-11-30

Family

ID=25195782

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US807189A Expired - Lifetime US3623442A (en) 1969-03-14 1969-03-14 Knurled closure

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3623442A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5423314B1 (xx)
BR (1) BR7017427D0 (xx)
CA (1) CA940483A (xx)
CH (1) CH522541A (xx)
DE (2) DE7009328U (xx)
FR (1) FR2037202B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1266672A (xx)
NL (1) NL7003574A (xx)
SE (1) SE378198B (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5230134A (en) * 1992-02-11 1993-07-27 Laue Charles E Method of making a petal rod
US5425286A (en) * 1993-04-09 1995-06-20 Laue; Charles E. Two piece pedal rod and method of making same
US5606790A (en) * 1993-04-09 1997-03-04 Charles E. Laue Method of making a two piece pedal rod

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1481960A (en) * 1922-11-29 1924-01-29 Hammer Charles Cap
US1495722A (en) * 1921-05-07 1924-05-27 Gustav F Anderson Closure for receptacles
US1667003A (en) * 1922-10-31 1928-04-24 Anchor Cap & Closure Corp Screw-cap closure
US1810706A (en) * 1926-11-11 1931-06-16 Anchor Cap & Closure Corp Screw cap
US1900880A (en) * 1931-07-22 1933-03-07 Crown Cork & Seal Co Process and apparatus for manufacture of screw caps
US2664229A (en) * 1949-11-10 1953-12-29 American Can Co Dispensing container with sifter top

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2270729A (en) * 1938-02-24 1942-01-20 Anchor Cap & Closure Corp Closure
US2243138A (en) * 1938-04-01 1941-05-27 Anchor Cap & Closure Corp Device for forming screw closure caps and similar articles
FR1371041A (fr) * 1963-10-07 1964-08-28 West Co Dispositif de fermeture de récipients

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1495722A (en) * 1921-05-07 1924-05-27 Gustav F Anderson Closure for receptacles
US1667003A (en) * 1922-10-31 1928-04-24 Anchor Cap & Closure Corp Screw-cap closure
US1481960A (en) * 1922-11-29 1924-01-29 Hammer Charles Cap
US1810706A (en) * 1926-11-11 1931-06-16 Anchor Cap & Closure Corp Screw cap
US1900880A (en) * 1931-07-22 1933-03-07 Crown Cork & Seal Co Process and apparatus for manufacture of screw caps
US2664229A (en) * 1949-11-10 1953-12-29 American Can Co Dispensing container with sifter top

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5230134A (en) * 1992-02-11 1993-07-27 Laue Charles E Method of making a petal rod
US5456137A (en) * 1992-02-11 1995-10-10 Charles E. Laue Pedal rods and a method of making the same
US5425286A (en) * 1993-04-09 1995-06-20 Laue; Charles E. Two piece pedal rod and method of making same
US5606790A (en) * 1993-04-09 1997-03-04 Charles E. Laue Method of making a two piece pedal rod

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5423314B1 (xx) 1979-08-13
NL7003574A (xx) 1970-09-16
FR2037202B1 (xx) 1973-11-16
GB1266672A (xx) 1972-03-15
DE7009328U (de) 1972-06-29
BR7017427D0 (pt) 1973-01-30
CH522541A (fr) 1972-06-30
SE378198B (xx) 1975-08-25
FR2037202A1 (xx) 1970-12-31
CA940483A (en) 1974-01-22
DE2012030A1 (de) 1970-09-17

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