US3623327A - Process of gas generation with propellant additive - Google Patents

Process of gas generation with propellant additive Download PDF

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Publication number
US3623327A
US3623327A US772069A US3623327DA US3623327A US 3623327 A US3623327 A US 3623327A US 772069 A US772069 A US 772069A US 3623327D A US3623327D A US 3623327DA US 3623327 A US3623327 A US 3623327A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas generation
additive
monopropellant
methylhydroxylamine
propellant
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Expired - Lifetime
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US772069A
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William A Duncan
Billy J Sandlin
James A Murfree Jr
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US Department of Army
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US Department of Army
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/007—Ballistic modifiers, burning rate catalysts, burning rate depressing agents, e.g. for gas generating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/04—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by auto-decomposition of single substances

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a propellant additive and in particular to one used in a gas generation scheme employing an exothermally decomposing monopropellant, a suitable oxidizing agent and a porous support material that supports the oxidizing agent, and as more specifically disclosed in application Ser. No. 651,654, filed July 7, 1967 by applicants.
  • the principal object of this invention is to improve the one-shot gas generation scheme.
  • Another object of this invention is to improve the burning rates and properties of propellants for use in liquid monopropellant gas generators.
  • the synergistic eifect of the additive reduces ignition delay upon firing.
  • Suitable oxidizing agents are iodic acid and iodic anhydride.
  • the monopropellant must be an exothermally decomposing type so that when decomposed, it liberates heat which raises the temperature of the environment such that the exothermal decomposition of the monopropellant is maintained thermally.
  • the propellant incorporating the O-methylhydroxylamine should contain 25% to 75% O-methylhydroxylamine by weight (in hydrazine).
  • a process of producing gases with a liquid gas generator comprising suspending an oxidizer selected from iodic acid and iodic anhydride in an inert bed, and bringing an exothermally decomposing monopropellant consisting of a mixture of hydrazine and O-methylhydroxylamine into contact with said oxidizer suspended in said inert bed to cause said oxidizer and monopropellant to immediately upon contact react vigorously to produce the desired gases and at the same time reduce ignition delay in the liquid gas generator.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

THE USE OF O-METHYLHYDROXYLAMINE AS AN ADDITIVE TO EXOTHERMALLY DECOMPOSING MOMOPROPELLANTS TO PROMOTE THE REACTION WITH AND OXIDIZING AGENT IN A GAS GENERATION SCHEME.

Description

United States Patent Oflice 3,623,327 Patented Nov. 30, 1971 3,623,327 PROCESS OF GAS GENERATION WITH PROPELLANT ADDITIVE William A. Duncan, Huntsville, Billy J. Sandlin, Athens, and James A. Murfree, Jr., Huntsville, Ala., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army N Drawing. Original application July 5, 1967, Ser. No. 651,325. Divided and this application Oct. 28, 1968, Ser. No. 772,069
Int. Cl. C06d /10 US. Cl. 60-219 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The use of O-methylhydroxylamine as an additive to exothermally decomposing monopropellants to promotethe reaction With an oxidizing agent in a gas generation scheme.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a division of applicants copending application Ser. No. 651,325, filed July 5,. 1967.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a propellant additive and in particular to one used in a gas generation scheme employing an exothermally decomposing monopropellant, a suitable oxidizing agent and a porous support material that supports the oxidizing agent, and as more specifically disclosed in application Ser. No. 651,654, filed July 7, 1967 by applicants.
There is considerable interest in the rocket propulsion industry in the development and use of liquid monopropellant gas generators. Although the majority of work in this field has been in catalytic decomposition schemes, recent attention has been focused on one-shot schemes of gas generation utilizing a liquid monopropellant and an inert bed or support. In these schemes, the monopropellant reacts with the initiator to start decomposition, gen, erate heat, and heat the support which, when heated, thermally sustains the decomposition.
Accordingly, the principal object of this invention is to improve the one-shot gas generation scheme.
Another object of this invention is to improve the burning rates and properties of propellants for use in liquid monopropellant gas generators.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has been discovered that methoxylamine (CH ONH more properly known as O-methylhydroxylamine, when used as an additive to hydrazine or other exothermally decomposing monopropellants and when used in liquid gas generators, results in a much more vigorous and faster ignition with an initiator (oxidizing agent).
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As an example, the reaction of hydrazine containing 50% methoxylamine by weight with both iodic acid and iodic anhydrlde is more rapid and more vigorous than the corresponding reaction with pure hydrazine.
The synergistic eifect of the additive reduces ignition delay upon firing.
Examples of suitable oxidizing agents are iodic acid and iodic anhydride.
The monopropellant must be an exothermally decomposing type so that when decomposed, it liberates heat which raises the temperature of the environment such that the exothermal decomposition of the monopropellant is maintained thermally.
Preferably, the propellant incorporating the O-methylhydroxylamine should contain 25% to 75% O-methylhydroxylamine by weight (in hydrazine).
We claim:
1. A process of producing gases with a liquid gas generator, said process comprising suspending an oxidizer selected from iodic acid and iodic anhydride in an inert bed, and bringing an exothermally decomposing monopropellant consisting of a mixture of hydrazine and O-methylhydroxylamine into contact with said oxidizer suspended in said inert bed to cause said oxidizer and monopropellant to immediately upon contact react vigorously to produce the desired gases and at the same time reduce ignition delay in the liquid gas generator.
2. A process of producing gases as set forth in claim 1, said mixture containing from about 25 to about 75 by weight of O-methylhydroxylamine.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,925,709 2/ 1960 Mantell et a1 218 X 2,930,184 3/1960 Plescia et al. 60-218 X 3,021,667 2/ 1962 Gritfin et al 60218 3,117,415 1/1964 Greene 60215 BENJAMIN R. PADGETT, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
US772069A 1968-10-28 1968-10-28 Process of gas generation with propellant additive Expired - Lifetime US3623327A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77206968A 1968-10-28 1968-10-28

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3941626A (en) * 1970-06-24 1976-03-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Energetic liquid monopropellant compositions containing hydrazine and methoxylamine perchlorate

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3941626A (en) * 1970-06-24 1976-03-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Energetic liquid monopropellant compositions containing hydrazine and methoxylamine perchlorate

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