US3623115A - Directional antenna - Google Patents

Directional antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
US3623115A
US3623115A US877630A US3623115DA US3623115A US 3623115 A US3623115 A US 3623115A US 877630 A US877630 A US 877630A US 3623115D A US3623115D A US 3623115DA US 3623115 A US3623115 A US 3623115A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
waveguide
reflector
directional antenna
section
mounting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US877630A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erich Schuttloffel
Hans-Dieter Kuhne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19681813406 external-priority patent/DE1813406C/de
Application filed by Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH filed Critical Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3623115A publication Critical patent/US3623115A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/125—Means for positioning

Definitions

  • the wall thickness of the waveguide is smallest along the axes ofits elliptical cross section, and is greatest at points lying between the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross section.
  • the waveguide has a horn formed in one ofits ends and a connecting flange formed in the other ofits ends.
  • the present invention relates to parabolic antennas and particularly to feeder elements therefor.
  • parabolic antennas for the transmission and reception of microwave signals, e.g. UHF television broadcasts. These antennas are of a small diameter, such as 60 centimeters.
  • Directional antennas of the parabolic type are made up of a special radiator, such as a horn, a parabolic mirror which is illuminated by or illuminates, the radiator, and as associated feeder waveguide.
  • a paper entitled A microwave energy transmission line with low damping which can be reeled onto a drum which appeared in 'the publication Neue Technische Science, Number 10, 1965, pages 607 to 615, discloses a flexible waveguide which has an elliptical inner cross section.
  • the waveguide is made flexible by being constructed from a corrugated tube.
  • the directional antenna of the present invention is based on the known types of parabolic antennas, but is provided with an improved feeder waveguide.
  • This feeder waveguide is constructed from a seamless aluminum tube having an elliptical inner cross section.
  • the wall thickness of the waveguide continuously varies from a minimum along the axes of the elliptical inner cross section to a maximum at points lying between the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross section.
  • the waveguide of the present invention is also provided with a horn, or other driven element, at its open end, in the manner ofthe previously known embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a directional antenna according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along the lines 22 of FIG. 1, showing the varying wall thickness of the waveguide.
  • FIG. 3 shows a measured pattern
  • FIG. 1 shows a directional antenna having a parabolic mirror or reflector l.
  • the reflector 1 has a relatively wide rim portion 13 which is attached in a suitable manner, such as by welding or with screw fasteners, to mounting members 11b and 14b.
  • Mounting member 11b is rotatably attached to another mounting member, such as a clamp 11a, by means of a bearing pin 8.
  • Mounting member 14b is moveably attached to another mounting member, such as a clamp 14a, by means ofa bearing pin arrangement 7 which slides in a slot 9.
  • Clamps 11a and 14a are clamped to a suitable support, such as mast 5.
  • the antenna could also be mounted on a frame, or other suitable support. This mounting permits the reflector l to be aimed in a certain direction.
  • the pin connections permit the reflector l to be adjusted with respect to the horizontal plane, and the clamps 11a and 14a permit the reflector I to be adjusted with respect to the vertical plane.
  • a feeder waveguide 2 has a horn 3 at its open end, as shown in FIG. I.
  • the horn 3 could, of course, also be attached to the waveguide 2 by suitable means. Although a horn has been shown, other suitable driven elements could be used.
  • the aperture 4 of the horn 3 determines the field of illumination of the parabolic reflector l.
  • the feeder waveguide 2 is rigidly connected to the rim of the parabolic reflector l by the portion 10 of the mounting member 11b.
  • the parabolic reflector l, feeder waveguide 2 and the various mounting elements form a structural unit with each other which can be easily installed and which can be electrically connected to a suitable system by means of the connecting flange 12 at the lower end of waveguide 2.
  • Flange 12 may be of any well known, suitable type.
  • the. rim 13 of the parabolic reflector 1 can be provided with a suitable passage through which the bent over end of the feeder waveguide is passed. This is shown in FIG. 1 by the dotted lines.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section throughthe feeder waveguide 2.
  • This waveguide is constructed from a seamless aluminum tube, which is formed as by drawing, and which has a continuously varying wall thickness along its cross-sectional profile.
  • the walls of the waveguide 2 are the thinnest at the points indicated as 15 and 16, which are along the minor and major axes A and B, respectively, of its cross section 6. Between these minimum values, the wall thickness continuously increasesto maximum values, at 17 and 18, which lie between the major and minor axes.
  • the inner surface of the waveguide 2 is thus seen to form an effective inner cross section 6 which has the approximate shape of an ellipse.
  • This configuration of the feeder waveguide results in very little deformation of the inner cross section when the waveguide is bent or twisted. However, the waveguide simultaneously exhibits sufficient mechanical stability to perform its function.
  • the parabolic reflector l is preferably an axially symmetrical paraboloid reflector having a circular aperture.
  • the parabolic reflector 1 may be constructed. from a light metal or metal-laminated synthetic. These types of construction permit low-cost mass production.
  • the aperture 4 of the waveguide 2 and the aperture of the parabolic reflector I may be suitably selected.
  • a circular aperture of that parabolic reflector l is preferable, with a ratio f/D from 0.4 to 0.25;fbeing the focal length and D the diameter of the reflector l.
  • the feeder waveguide 2 may be cut ofl' at the desired length from a straight waveguide train manufactured by the foot or meter. The section cut off is then easily bent into the desired shape, and one end is expanded in a known manner by means of a special tool to form the horn. Due to the easy flexibility of the aluminum waveguide, this is possible with very simple means. Moreover, the individual components may be prefabricated and combined into a structural unit so that an easily produceable and installable directional antenna results which has a great variety of uses. For a particular embodiment of the invention intended to transmit or receive waves in the frequency band of 6 GHz. the aluminum feeder waveguide has the following dimensions:
  • the horn 3 is widened in such a manner that the aperture 4 is approximately a circle having a diameter of 36 mm.
  • the transition from the guide to the aperture 4 is a cone including an angle of 8.
  • the end part of the cone was formed as a cylinder for about mm.
  • a dielectric housing was mounted on this cylinder.
  • the parabolic mirror has a diameter D of 1,750 mm. and the focus length 437.5 mm.
  • the ratio f/D is 0.25.
  • F l0. 3 shows the measured pattern of an embodiment of the invention.
  • the frequency was 6.15 GHz.
  • the polarization was horizontal.
  • a directional antenna comprising, in combination:
  • a parabolic reflector having a circular aperture with a diameter D and defining a focal length f, the ratio f/D being between 0.4 and 0.25;
  • a feeder waveguide formed from a seamless tube constructed of aluminum and having an elliptical inner cross section and walls of continuously varying thickness, said wall thickness being least along the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross section and greatest at points lying between the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross section;
  • horn means formed integrally in one end of said waveguide for illuminating said parabolic reflector.
  • a directional antenna as defined in claim 1 wherein the other end of said waveguide is constituted by a connecting flange means for permitting the waveguide to be connected to a suitable system, and wherein said reflector and said waveguide are combined into a structural unit.
  • a directional antenna as defined in claim 2 further including mounting means for adjustably mounting said reflector and said waveguide, said reflector and said waveguide being combined into a structural unit with said mounting means 4.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
US877630A 1968-12-07 1969-11-18 Directional antenna Expired - Lifetime US3623115A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681813406 DE1813406C (de) 1968-12-07 Richtantenne, bestehend aus einem Pa rabolspiegel und einem Speisehohlleiter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3623115A true US3623115A (en) 1971-11-23

Family

ID=5715600

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US877630A Expired - Lifetime US3623115A (en) 1968-12-07 1969-11-18 Directional antenna

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3623115A (ja)
JP (1) JPS497975B1 (ja)
AT (1) AT289896B (ja)
CH (1) CH493110A (ja)
DK (1) DK125046C (ja)
FI (1) FI52258C (ja)
FR (1) FR2025593B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1230275A (ja)
NO (1) NO124804B (ja)
SE (1) SE351079B (ja)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0005487A1 (en) * 1978-05-11 1979-11-28 CSELT Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. Parabolic reflector antenna with optimal radiative characteristics
DE2939697A1 (de) * 1979-09-29 1981-04-16 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover Richtantenne
US4356495A (en) * 1979-09-29 1982-10-26 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh Corrugated antenna feedhorn with elliptical aperture
FR2514570A1 (fr) * 1981-10-09 1983-04-15 Thomson Brandt Support d'antenne destinee a capter des emissions de television provenant d'un satellite geostationnaire et ensemble forme par un tel support et son antenne
US5187491A (en) * 1991-01-29 1993-02-16 Raytheon Company Low sidelobes antenna
US5351061A (en) * 1990-10-27 1994-09-27 Kabelmetal Electro Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Antenna with parabolic reflector
FR2745423A1 (fr) * 1996-02-26 1997-08-29 Pingon Maurice Support d'antenne
FR2925769A1 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-26 Thales Sa Dispositif d'acheminement de signaux pour positionneur d'antenne mobile.

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5119778U (ja) * 1974-07-30 1976-02-13
FR2536591B1 (fr) * 1982-11-23 1985-09-20 Thomson Brandt Support d'antenne de telecommunications par satellite geostationnaire et ensemble forme par un tel support et son antenne
US5870062A (en) * 1996-06-27 1999-02-09 Andrew Corporation Microwave antenna feed structure

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2814038A (en) * 1953-07-29 1957-11-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lightweight antennas
US2956248A (en) * 1954-12-27 1960-10-11 Strand John Flexible transmission line
US3140491A (en) * 1963-01-24 1964-07-07 Boeing Co Diffraction shield consisting of notched ring which frames passive reflector
US3444487A (en) * 1965-10-01 1969-05-13 Telefunken Patent Waveguide having corrugated exterior and smooth metal coated interior

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3351947A (en) * 1965-02-17 1967-11-07 Mark Products Company Shrouded parabolic antenna structure

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2814038A (en) * 1953-07-29 1957-11-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lightweight antennas
US2956248A (en) * 1954-12-27 1960-10-11 Strand John Flexible transmission line
US3140491A (en) * 1963-01-24 1964-07-07 Boeing Co Diffraction shield consisting of notched ring which frames passive reflector
US3444487A (en) * 1965-10-01 1969-05-13 Telefunken Patent Waveguide having corrugated exterior and smooth metal coated interior

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Antenna Engineering Handbook, Jasik, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961, TK7872A6J3; pages 12 4 to 12 7 *
Catalog 23, Andrew Corp., Orland Park, Ill., Jan. 8, 1965, Scientific Library Aquisition Date, copy in group 250, cover and pages 7 8 *
Microwave Antenna Theory and Design, Silver, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1949, Tk6565A6S5; pages 7 9 *
Microwave Journal, Horizon House, Microwaves Inc., Dedham, Mass. March, 1968, Vol. 11, No. 3; TK7800M5; page 130 *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0005487A1 (en) * 1978-05-11 1979-11-28 CSELT Centro Studi e Laboratori Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. Parabolic reflector antenna with optimal radiative characteristics
DE2939697A1 (de) * 1979-09-29 1981-04-16 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover Richtantenne
US4343003A (en) * 1979-09-29 1982-08-03 Kabel-Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Directional antenna for microwave transmissions
US4356495A (en) * 1979-09-29 1982-10-26 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh Corrugated antenna feedhorn with elliptical aperture
FR2514570A1 (fr) * 1981-10-09 1983-04-15 Thomson Brandt Support d'antenne destinee a capter des emissions de television provenant d'un satellite geostationnaire et ensemble forme par un tel support et son antenne
EP0077250A1 (fr) * 1981-10-09 1983-04-20 Thomson-Brandt Support d'antenne destinée à capter des émissions de télévision provenant d'un satellite géostationnaire, et ensemble formé par un tel support et son antenne
US5351061A (en) * 1990-10-27 1994-09-27 Kabelmetal Electro Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Antenna with parabolic reflector
US5187491A (en) * 1991-01-29 1993-02-16 Raytheon Company Low sidelobes antenna
FR2745423A1 (fr) * 1996-02-26 1997-08-29 Pingon Maurice Support d'antenne
FR2925769A1 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-26 Thales Sa Dispositif d'acheminement de signaux pour positionneur d'antenne mobile.
WO2009083440A1 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-09 Thales Dispositif d'acheminement de signaux pour positionneur d'antenne mobile
US20110095959A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-04-28 Thales Device for Conveying Signals for Mobile Antenna Positioner
US8547290B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2013-10-01 Thales Device for conveying signals for mobile antenna positioner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH493110A (de) 1970-06-30
SE351079B (ja) 1972-11-13
FI52258B (ja) 1977-03-31
NO124804B (ja) 1972-06-05
GB1230275A (ja) 1971-04-28
FR2025593B1 (ja) 1974-03-15
DK125046C (da) 1977-02-28
DE1813406A1 (de) 1970-08-20
AT289896B (de) 1971-05-10
DK125046B (da) 1972-12-18
FI52258C (fi) 1977-07-11
FR2025593A1 (ja) 1970-09-11
DE1813406B2 (de) 1970-08-20
JPS497975B1 (ja) 1974-02-23

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