US3622724A - Vacuum-type circuit interrupter having contacts with improved arc-revolving means - Google Patents

Vacuum-type circuit interrupter having contacts with improved arc-revolving means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3622724A
US3622724A US13429A US3622724DA US3622724A US 3622724 A US3622724 A US 3622724A US 13429 A US13429 A US 13429A US 3622724D A US3622724D A US 3622724DA US 3622724 A US3622724 A US 3622724A
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arc
extensions
segment
extending
extension
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US13429A
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English (en)
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Joseph C Sofianek
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6644—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having coil-like electrical connections between contact rod and the proper contact

Definitions

  • Each contact is a disc-shaped member divided into a plurality of circumferentially spaced segments, each comprising a radially extending body portion and a leg portion at the radially outer end of the body portion extending periphery of the disc-shaped member.
  • Each leg portion is provided with an arc-running extension that extends peripherally of the disc-shaped member and overlaps the adjacent segment on the side ofthe adjacent segment facing the other contact.
  • This invention relates to a vacuum-type circuit interrupter and, more particularly, to contact structure for such an interrupter that is capable of interrupting very high currents for a small diameter of contact.
  • the invention is concerned with the general type of contact structure shown and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,949,520- Schneider assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
  • the contact structure of the Schneider patent comprises a disc-shaped member having a plurality of slots therein that define between adjacent pairs of slots a plurality of radially extending segments that extend circumferentially of the disc at the disc periphery.
  • the slots produce an arc-revolving efiect that forces an arc having its terminal on the segments to revolve about the central axis of the disc.
  • Centrally of the disc member there is a contact-making region where arcs are initiated during such an interrupting operation.
  • Such an arc is magnetically driven radially outward off of the contact-making region; and, as it approaches the outer periphery of the disc member, it is revolved by the arc-revolving action produced by the slots of the disc member.
  • the amount of arc-revolving force that will be developed on an arc located near the outer periphery of the disc-shaped contact varies directly with the effective length of these segments, considered circumferentially of the disc.
  • the diameter of the disc-shaped contact can be increased to increase the effective circumferential length of the segments, but typically there are other design considerations that limit the maximum permissible diameter of the disc-shaped contacts.
  • An object of my invention is to construct the contact in such a manner that segments of increased effective circumferentially extending lengths can be provided in a contact of limited diameter.
  • Another object is to achieve this increased effective segment length without detracting from the ability of the contact to cause rapid movement of the arc radially outward off of its arc-initiation region.
  • Still another object is to limit to a relatively low value the magnetic force urging the arc radially outward while it is being revolved. By so limiting this radially outward force, I can improve the effectiveness of the arc-revolving means and can reduce the extent to which the arc vaporizes the surrounding metal shield.
  • I provide, within a highly evacuated envelope, a pair of electrodes defining an arcing gap therebetween.
  • One of the electrodes comprises a disc-shaped member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced segments. Each segment includes a radially extending body portion and a leg portion at the radially outer end of the body portion extending peripherally of the discshaped member.
  • Each of the peripherally extending leg portions extends from its body portion in the same angular direction and has an arc-running extension joined to the leg portion near the distal end of the leg portion and extending in overlapping relationship with respect to the adjacent segment on the side thereof facing the arcing gap.
  • Means is provided for forcing most of the current flowing into any extension on which an arc is located to flow through the disc-shaped member via the particular segment to which said extension is joined at the distal end ofthe segments leg portion.
  • FIG. I is a sectional view through a vacuum-type circuit interrupter embodying one form of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. I there is shown a vacuum-type circuit interrupter comprising a sealed envelope l0 evacuated to a pressure of 10" Torr or lower.
  • This envelope comprises a tubular casing 11 of insulating material and a pair of end caps 12 and 13 joined to opposite ends of the casing 11 by suitable vacuum-tight seals 14.
  • the right-hand contact 17 is a stationary contact suitably attached to conductive rod 17a, which at its right-hand end is united to the end cap 12.
  • the left-hand contact 18 is a movable contact attached to a conductive operating rod 18a, which is suitably mounted for horizontal movement. Movement of the contact 18 to the right from its solid line position to its dotted line position engages the contacts and thus closes the interrupter, whereas return movement in a left-hand direction separates the contacts and opens the interrupter.
  • a suitable metal shield 15 of tubular form is provided for condensing the vapors and protecting insulating casing 11 therefrom. This shield surrounds the arcing gap 19 and is supported on the insulating casing 11, where it is maintained at a potential substantially midway that of the two contacts when the interrupter is opened.
  • the operating rod projects freely through an opening in the left-hand end cap 13, and a flexible metal bellows 20 pro vides a seal about rod 180 to allow for horizontal movement of the rod without impairing the vacuum inside envelope I0.
  • the bellows is secured in sealed relationship at its respective opposite ends tooperating rod 18a and end cap 13.
  • a metal shield 20a of cup-shaped form is provided about the bellows 20 to protect it from arcing products.
  • Each of the contacts, or electrodes, 17 and 18 comprises a centrally located contact-making button 25 suitably brazed along a surface 26 to the remainder of the contact.
  • Each of the contact-making buttons 25 is provided on its front face with a centrally located recess 27 so that contact between the buttons occurs on an annular contact-making area 28 when the contacts are in their dotted-line engaged position of FIG. I.
  • These annular contact-making regions 28 are of such a diameter that current flowing through the closed contacts follows a radially outwardly bowing loop-shaped path L, as is indicated by the dot-dash line of FIG. 1.
  • the magnetic effect of current flowing through this loop-shaped path L tends in a well-known manner to lengthen the loop.
  • the magnetic effect of the current through the loop will impel the arc radially outward.
  • interruption of the circuit is effected by preventing the are from reigniting immediately following a natural current zero. Revolving the are at high speed on the contacts reduces the amount of metal vaporized, and
  • Contact 17 comprises a disc-shaped member having a generally circular outer periphery and a solid central portion 31.
  • the disc-shaped member 30 contains a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots 29 with enlargements 290 at their radially inner ends. These slots 29 divide the disc into a plurality of circumferentially spaced segments, or fingers, 32, each of a generally L-shaped configuration.
  • Each I..-shaped segment comprises a body portion 33 extending radially outward from the central portion 31 of the disc and a leg portion at the radially outer end of the body portion 33 extending circumferentially of the disc-shaped member.
  • Each of the circumferentially extending leg portions 35 extends from its associated body portion 33 in the same angular direction, terminating just short of the body portion of the immediately adjacent segment.
  • each of the segments 32 is provided with an arc-running extension 37 of its peripherally extending leg portion 35.
  • Each extension 37 is joined by brazing at 39 to its associated segment 32 at the distal end of the peripherally extending leg portion 35 of the associated segment.
  • the extension 37 of any given segment extends peripherally of the disc member 30 in overlapping relationship with respect to the immediately adjacent segment on the side of the adjacent segment facing the arcing gap 19.
  • the extensions 37 taken together, form an arc-running ring that is subdivided by circumferentially spaced discontinuities 38 between adjacent extensions.
  • each of the extensions 37 and each of the segments 52 of a low-resistivity metal such as copper, but the spacer 40 is of a much higher resistivity metal such as stainless steel. Accordingly, if an are such as shown at 41 in FIG. 3 is located on one of the extensions, most of the current flowing to the are through the contact structure is forced to follow a path 43 through the segment to which the extension is attached at 39. Very little of current can flow to the are through the overlapped segment since any current flowing through the overlapped segment can reach the are only through the high-resistivity spacer 40. By forcing the major portion of the current to follow a path such as 43, which extends in the region of the arc for a relatively long distance circumferentially of the electrode, a relatively high circumferentially acting magnetic force can be developed on the arc.
  • Each spacer 40 has its opposite ends located in aligned recesses 45 formed in associated extension 37 and segment 32 overlapped by the extension.
  • the ends of the spacer are suitably brazed to the adjacent walls of the surrounding recess to securely hold these parts together.
  • the spacers are provided with a restricted neck portion centrally thereof.
  • the ends of the spacer are of relatively large diameter to provide sufficient area for adequate brazing.
  • the amount of arc-revolving magnetic force that is developed on the arc depends upon the circumferentially extending length of the segments.
  • the extensions 37, I am in effect, adding to the length of each segment by an amount equal to the length of each extension.
  • this increased segment length is obtained without necessitating any large increase in the diameter of the contact.
  • each of the extensions 37 is circumferentially displaced from the radially outwardly extending portion of the current path through which it is supplied and since the arc is kept on these extensions 37, I am able to prevent the are from circumferentially aligning with the radially outwardly extending current path through which it is supplied and thus am able to limit the radially outward force on the arc.
  • a structural feature related to this circumferential displacement of the extensions 37 and the radially outwardly extending portion of the current path is that each extension 37 extends peripherally of the disc-shaped member 30 past the radially extending body portion 33 of the segment overlapped by said extension.
  • each of the arc-running extensions 37 is provided with a peripheral lip 52 (FIG. I) that extends away from the arcing gap 19 and bridges the space 53 between the extension 37 and the segment 32 that it overlaps.
  • lips 52 taken together form a circular flange which substantially surrounds the disc member 30 in radially spaced relationship to its outer periphery.
  • This circular flange 52, 52 in effect, hides the space 53 and the outer periphery of the segments 32 from the arc and keeps any arc terminal, even one on the outer periphery of the arc-running extension 37, from attaching to the outer periphery of segments 32 or from finding its way into space 53.
  • the lips 52 it
  • the contact-making button 25 As large as practical so that the contact-making area 28 has as large a diameter as possible, thus accentuating the radially outward bowin current path L.
  • the contact-making button can be of an unusually large diameter in my contact design since no appreciable intervening structure is required between the arc-initiation region 28 and the region (37) where the arc-revolving means is fully effective.
  • a vacuum-type circuit interrupter comprising a highly evacuated envelope and a pair of electrodes within said envelope defining an arcing gap therebetween, one of said electrodes comprising:
  • a disc-shaped member of conductive material comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced segments
  • each segment including a radially extending body portion and a leg portion at the radially outer end of said body portion extending peripherally of said disc-shaped member, each of said peripherally extending leg portions extending from its associated body portion in the same angular direction,
  • each of said extensions extends peripherally of said disc-shaped member past the radially extending body portion of the segment overlapped by said extension.
  • each of said extensions is supported on the segment overlapped thereby by means comprising a spacer interposed between said extension and said overlapped segment, said spacer being of a material that has a higher resistivity than the material of said segment and said extension.
  • each of said segments is of a generally L-shaped configuration, as viewed from said arcing gap.
  • means for initiating an are at a location radially inwardly of said peripherally extending extensions
  • a. means for initiating an are at a location radially inwardly of said peripherally extending extensions-comprising a contact-making button having a generally annular contact-making portion supported on the body portions of said segments,
  • said extensions comprising means for causing the major current path through said contact-making button via said contact-making portion to extend in a radially outward direction.
  • peripherally extending extensions form a generally annular arc-running ring subdivided by circumferentially spaced discontinuities between said extensions, said discontinuities being located at points circumferentially spaced from the body portions of said segments, each extension extending peripherally of said disc member past the body portion of the segment overlapped by said extension.
  • peripherally extending extensions form a generally annular arc-running ring subdivided by circumferentially spaced discontinuities between said extensions, and
  • said extensions each have a peripheral lip extending axially of said electrode away from the arcing gap in a position radially spaced from the outer periphery of the segment overlapped by said extension,
  • said lips collectively forming a generally annular flange substantially surrounding the outer periphery of said discshaped member and radially spaced therefrom.
  • peripherally extending extensions form a generally annular arc-running ring subdivided by circumferentially spaced discontinuities between said extensions
  • a generally annular contact-making button is provided radially inwardly of said annular arc-running ring on which arcs are initiated,
  • the means for preventing said low-resistance path from being formed comprises a space between the outer periphery of said contact-making button and the inner periphery of said arc-running ring.
  • peripherally extending extensions fon'n a generally annular arc-running ring subdivided by circumferentially spaced discontinuities between said extensions, and
  • peripherally extending extensions form a generally annular arc-running ring subdivided by circumferentially spaced discontinuities between said extensions

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  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
US13429A 1970-02-24 1970-02-24 Vacuum-type circuit interrupter having contacts with improved arc-revolving means Expired - Lifetime US3622724A (en)

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US1342970A 1970-02-24 1970-02-24

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JP (1) JPS5411506B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA919750A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2193244A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-07-19 1974-02-15 Siemens Ag
US3809836A (en) * 1972-12-21 1974-05-07 Gen Electric Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter
US3836740A (en) * 1972-05-03 1974-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum type circuit interrupter having improved contacts
US3845262A (en) * 1972-05-03 1974-10-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Contact structures for vacuum-type circuit interrupters having cantilevered-supported annularly-shaped outer arc-running contact surfaces
US3935406A (en) * 1973-06-30 1976-01-27 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US3946179A (en) * 1973-09-10 1976-03-23 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US4334133A (en) * 1979-03-20 1982-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arrangement for vacuum switches
DE3303659A1 (de) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-16 Vsesojuznyj elektrotechničeskij institut imeni V.I. Lenina, Moskva Kontaktsystem fuer eine vakuumlichtbogenloeschkammer
US4492837A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-01-08 General Electric Company Guide means for the movable contact rod of a vacuum interrupter
EP0456140A3 (en) * 1990-05-11 1992-04-08 Calor-Emag Elektrizitaets-Aktiengesellschaft Contact device for vacuum circuit breaker
DE4119191A1 (de) * 1991-06-11 1992-12-17 Abb Patent Gmbh Kontaktanordnung fuer eine vakuumschaltkammer sowie verfahren zur herstellung der anordnung
US6426475B2 (en) * 1995-09-04 2002-07-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Vacuum valve
RU2230386C2 (ru) * 2001-02-06 2004-06-10 Алферов Дмитрий Федорович Вакуумный выключатель тока
RU2291513C2 (ru) * 2004-09-17 2007-01-10 Дмитрий Федорович Алферов Вакуумный выключатель тока
RU2400855C1 (ru) * 2009-05-18 2010-09-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Томский политехнический университет" Вакуумный выключатель тока
RU2462780C1 (ru) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет" Вакуумный выключатель тока
US20120325778A1 (en) * 2011-06-23 2012-12-27 Lsis Co., Ltd. Electrode assembly for vacuum interrupter
US20220102096A1 (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-03-31 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Vacuum interrupter with trap for running cathode tracks

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5022261A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-30 1975-03-10
DE7328984U (de) * 1973-07-06 1975-05-15 Bbc Ag Brown Boveri & Cie Leistungshalbleiterbauelement
JPS5039767U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-08-10 1975-04-23
JPS583333B2 (ja) * 1974-04-05 1983-01-20 株式会社東芝 シンクウシヤダンキ
JPS5086256U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-12-12 1975-07-23
JPS50151375A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-05-28 1975-12-05
JPS51131665U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1975-04-16 1976-10-23
JPS5262664A (en) * 1975-11-19 1977-05-24 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Vacuum valve circuit breaker
JPS5320476U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-07-31 1978-02-21
JPS56147479A (en) * 1980-04-18 1981-11-16 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Structure of junction surface of semiconductor element
JPS5861530A (ja) * 1981-10-06 1983-04-12 三菱電機株式会社 真空遮断器
JPH02214161A (ja) * 1989-02-15 1990-08-27 Hitachi Ltd ゲートターンオフサイリスタ

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3089936A (en) * 1960-02-23 1963-05-14 Gen Electric Contact structure for an electric circuit interrupter
US3185797A (en) * 1962-07-17 1965-05-25 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with improved arc splitting means
US3225167A (en) * 1964-03-16 1965-12-21 Gen Electric Vacuum circuit breaker with arc rotation contact means
GB1113837A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-05-15 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to vacuum switch contacts
US3462572A (en) * 1966-10-03 1969-08-19 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter having contacts provided with improved arcpropelling means
US3522399A (en) * 1968-03-08 1970-07-28 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with contacts having particularly shaped circumferentially spaced slots

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3089936A (en) * 1960-02-23 1963-05-14 Gen Electric Contact structure for an electric circuit interrupter
US3185797A (en) * 1962-07-17 1965-05-25 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with improved arc splitting means
US3225167A (en) * 1964-03-16 1965-12-21 Gen Electric Vacuum circuit breaker with arc rotation contact means
GB1113837A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-05-15 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to vacuum switch contacts
US3462572A (en) * 1966-10-03 1969-08-19 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter having contacts provided with improved arcpropelling means
US3522399A (en) * 1968-03-08 1970-07-28 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with contacts having particularly shaped circumferentially spaced slots

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3836740A (en) * 1972-05-03 1974-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum type circuit interrupter having improved contacts
US3845262A (en) * 1972-05-03 1974-10-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Contact structures for vacuum-type circuit interrupters having cantilevered-supported annularly-shaped outer arc-running contact surfaces
FR2193244A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-07-19 1974-02-15 Siemens Ag
US3809836A (en) * 1972-12-21 1974-05-07 Gen Electric Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter
US3935406A (en) * 1973-06-30 1976-01-27 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US3946179A (en) * 1973-09-10 1976-03-23 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US4334133A (en) * 1979-03-20 1982-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arrangement for vacuum switches
DE3303659A1 (de) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-16 Vsesojuznyj elektrotechničeskij institut imeni V.I. Lenina, Moskva Kontaktsystem fuer eine vakuumlichtbogenloeschkammer
US4492837A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-01-08 General Electric Company Guide means for the movable contact rod of a vacuum interrupter
EP0456140A3 (en) * 1990-05-11 1992-04-08 Calor-Emag Elektrizitaets-Aktiengesellschaft Contact device for vacuum circuit breaker
DE4119191A1 (de) * 1991-06-11 1992-12-17 Abb Patent Gmbh Kontaktanordnung fuer eine vakuumschaltkammer sowie verfahren zur herstellung der anordnung
US6426475B2 (en) * 1995-09-04 2002-07-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Vacuum valve
RU2230386C2 (ru) * 2001-02-06 2004-06-10 Алферов Дмитрий Федорович Вакуумный выключатель тока
RU2291513C2 (ru) * 2004-09-17 2007-01-10 Дмитрий Федорович Алферов Вакуумный выключатель тока
RU2400855C1 (ru) * 2009-05-18 2010-09-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Томский политехнический университет" Вакуумный выключатель тока
RU2462780C1 (ru) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет" Вакуумный выключатель тока
US20120325778A1 (en) * 2011-06-23 2012-12-27 Lsis Co., Ltd. Electrode assembly for vacuum interrupter
US9040862B2 (en) * 2011-06-23 2015-05-26 Lsis Co., Ltd. Electrode assembly for vacuum interrupter
US20220102096A1 (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-03-31 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Vacuum interrupter with trap for running cathode tracks
US11694864B2 (en) * 2020-09-30 2023-07-04 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Vacuum interrupter with trap for running cathode tracks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS461975A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-07
JPS5411506B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-05-15
CA919750A (en) 1973-01-23

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