US3620405A - Closure system for high-pressure vessels - Google Patents

Closure system for high-pressure vessels Download PDF

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Publication number
US3620405A
US3620405A US41860A US3620405DA US3620405A US 3620405 A US3620405 A US 3620405A US 41860 A US41860 A US 41860A US 3620405D A US3620405D A US 3620405DA US 3620405 A US3620405 A US 3620405A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
vessel
closure
plugs
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US41860A
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English (en)
Inventor
Henning Peters
Klaus-Dieter Solmecke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Uhde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uhde GmbH filed Critical Uhde GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3620405A publication Critical patent/US3620405A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
    • F16J13/02—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures
    • F16J13/12—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures attached by wedging action by means of screw-thread, interrupted screw-thread, bayonet closure, or the like

Definitions

  • a closure for the open end of a high-pressure vessel is formed of two or more plugs, in the nature of pistons that cooperate to seal the end of the vessel, each of which is supported by engagement with a portion of the wall of the vessel different from the portion or portions supporting the other plug or plugs.
  • the plugs may be in the form of a cylindrical piston, and encircling annular pistons or a series of plugs with varying effective areas. The plugs themselves or through intermediate members are individually supported from axially spaced portions of the vessel wall.
  • the disadvantage of these assemblies is the nonuniform distribution of the load over the length of the threaded coupling. It is known, for example, that the vessel is subject to particularly high-peak stresses in the area of the first load-bearing thread. A similar phenomenon is found in bayonet closures where the load is sustained primarily by the first cam ring or by the single cam ring. Owing to the high internal pressure, the load-bearing section of high-pressure vessels is subject to additional radial deformation with peak stresses occurring at the point of transition between vessel and plug. These stresses add to those present in the closure with consequent addition to excessive stress concentration. This stress concentration might rise to a value where the creep strength is substantially reduced, especially at a first load-bearing thread. This means a marked reduction in the safety of high-pressure vessels.
  • the object of the invention is to prevent stress concentrations in the closure system of high-pressure vessels in order to increase both operation safety and service life of such equipment, while pennitting at the same time a less sturdy construction of the equipment.
  • the problem is solved by sectionalizing the closure into two or more closure pieces sustaining the fluid pressure, said pieces transferring the load proportionately to optimal areas of the vessel-closure wall section.
  • the forces are introduced into the vessel wall through a piston and an annular piston either mechanically or hydraulically.
  • a piston and an annular piston By dividing the closure into a pressure-bearing piston and annular piston it is possible to transfer given forces produced by the internal pressure, which forces can be exactly defined by the size of the piston and annular piston areas, into any sections of the coupling between the closure plugs and the wall of the high-pressure vessel in such a way as to avoid the disadvantage inherent in conventional designs.
  • the distribution of the forces introduced into the vessel wall ensures that no plastic deformation will occur at any point of the closure system; in addition, it permits using a less sturdy construction while at the same time increasing the service life and operating safety.
  • FIG. I is a longitudinal section of a high-pressure vessel having a closure constructed according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of a highpressure vessel employing a bayonet-plug" coupling between the plugs and the vessel wall.
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse section taken along the line A-A of FIG. 2, showing the parts in disengageable or unlocked posillOIl.
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of an alternative form of divided or sectionalized closure plug.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 inclusive Examples of the improved closures are illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 inclusive.
  • the drawing illustrates a high-pressure vessel 1 having an opening that is closed by closure means including a threaded plug.
  • the closure means inserted into the high-pressure vessel 1 com rises an outerthreaded plug 2, an inner annular-threaded p ug 3 including a pressure-receiving face, a pressure-receiving element or piston 4, and gaskets 5 and 5.
  • the force of the internal pressure acting upon the face of the annular-threaded plug 3 is transferred, within the area of the plug threads, to the vessel wall.
  • the force of the internal pressure acting upon piston 4 is transferred by the piston to the outer-threaded plug 2. Within the area of the threads of this plug, the resultant forces are transferred to the vessel wall.
  • FIG. 2 the drawing illustrates a high-pressure vessel closure with bayonet plug.
  • the closure inserted into high-pressure vessel 7 comprises an outer bayonet plug 8, an inner bayonet plug 9 of annular shape, a piston 4a, and gaskets 5a and 5a.
  • piston 4a Similar to the principle shown in FIG. I, the use of piston 4a leads to a proportionate distribution of the sealing force upon the loadbearing areas of the outer and inner plugs 8 and 9, consequently, to the distribution of the forces over several areas of the vessel closure section.
  • An equivalent interrupted thread closure i.e. one in which the periphery of the plug and corresponding wall are divided into sections with the threads cut away in alternate sections to allow the plug to be inserted without rotation and then locked by a fraction of a turn, may be substituted for the bayonet structure.
  • the drawing illustrates a high-pressure vessel closure with threaded plug.
  • the closure inserted into high-pressure vessel lb comprises an outer threaded plug 2b, an inner threaded plug I0 with a bore, and gaskets 5b and II.
  • the area of the outer threaded plug 2 bounded by gasket 11 is exposed to the fluid pressure, and threaded plug 10 is unloaded accordingly, i.e., the effective area of the plug 10 is equal to that annular area between the wall of the vessel and the gasket II.
  • the closure may be divided into more than two plugs with adequate pistons or with boreholes for the passage of the pressure fluid.
  • High-pressure vessels may be equipped with one or more closures as described above.
  • a closure means comprising a plurality of pressure-receiving elements. each element having an effective pressure-receiving area constituting a selected portion of the closure area and each element having support means engaging a separate portion of the vessel wall.
  • a high-pressure vessel closure arrangement according to claim I in which the pressure-receiving elements include at least one annular plug surrounding a piston, each being exposed to pressure in the vessel.
  • a high-pressure vessel closure arrangement according to claim 1 in which the support means for each element includes threaded means engaging threads in the wall of the vessel.
  • a high-pressure vessel closure arrangement according to claim I in which the support means includes a bayonet connection to the wall of the vessel.
  • a high-pressure vessel closure arrangement according to claim I in which at least one pressure-receiving element is exposed to pressure on opposite faces, the exposed effective area of one face being greater than the exposed effective area of the opposite face.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
US41860A 1969-06-03 1970-06-01 Closure system for high-pressure vessels Expired - Lifetime US3620405A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691928169 DE1928169B1 (de) 1969-06-03 1969-06-03 Verschlusssystem für Hochdruckgefässe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3620405A true US3620405A (en) 1971-11-16

Family

ID=5735922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US41860A Expired - Lifetime US3620405A (en) 1969-06-03 1970-06-01 Closure system for high-pressure vessels

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3620405A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE751392A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1928169B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2049857A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1302261A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7006849A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4437578A (en) 1982-06-22 1984-03-20 Steag Kernenergie Gmbh Container and closure means for storage of radioactive material
US4500009A (en) * 1982-07-19 1985-02-19 Kelsey-Hayes Company Sealed container
US20030178424A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-09-25 Fujitsu Ten Limited Fixing structure

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3315836A (en) * 1965-01-04 1967-04-25 Monsanto Co Pressure vessel closure
US3537611A (en) * 1968-02-08 1970-11-03 Uhde Gmbh Friedrich Closure device for containers subjected to high internal pressures

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1074340B (de) * 1960-01-28 Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Company Limited, London Deckelverschluß für Hochdruckbehälter
US3325036A (en) * 1965-05-13 1967-06-13 Autoclave Eng Inc Pressure vessel and screw connection therefor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3315836A (en) * 1965-01-04 1967-04-25 Monsanto Co Pressure vessel closure
US3537611A (en) * 1968-02-08 1970-11-03 Uhde Gmbh Friedrich Closure device for containers subjected to high internal pressures

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4437578A (en) 1982-06-22 1984-03-20 Steag Kernenergie Gmbh Container and closure means for storage of radioactive material
US4500009A (en) * 1982-07-19 1985-02-19 Kelsey-Hayes Company Sealed container
US20030178424A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-09-25 Fujitsu Ten Limited Fixing structure
US6918507B2 (en) * 2002-03-22 2005-07-19 Fujitsu Ten Limited Fixing structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1302261A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-04
BE751392A (fr) 1970-11-16
DE1928169B1 (de) 1970-12-03
FR2049857A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-03-26
NL7006849A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-07

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