US3616583A - Column arrangement for multistory structures - Google Patents

Column arrangement for multistory structures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3616583A
US3616583A US831459A US3616583DA US3616583A US 3616583 A US3616583 A US 3616583A US 831459 A US831459 A US 831459A US 3616583D A US3616583D A US 3616583DA US 3616583 A US3616583 A US 3616583A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
column
duct
steel
water
inner duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US831459A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Weineck
Gottfried Jacob
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Huettenwerk Oberhausen AG
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Huettenwerk Oberhausen AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/945—Load-supporting structures specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B2001/949—Construction elements filled with liquid, e.g. water, either permanently or only in case of fire
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use

Definitions

  • Such protective measures are particularly desirable because the steel columns extending through several stories or tiers of the structure have the high-thermal conductivity necessary to transmit heat at combustion temperatures or above from the site of a fire to a locale free from combustion in short order.
  • steel columns and supports of this character have been provided with thermal insulation around the post or column. While such insulation often serves to prevent penetration of heat at combustion temperatures to the steel of the column in less than the desired period and delays the spread of fire, the insulating systems have the disadvantage that they are both uneconomical and architecturally unaesthetic.
  • the principal object of the present invention to provide an improved steel-column construction in which the foregoing disadvantages are obviated and in which improved heat dissipation is effected in order to limit the transmission of high temperatures along such columns.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a system for preventing the spread of fire in a column structure of the general character described.
  • Yet another object of our present invention is the provision of an improved column structure which is both economical and capable of providing efiicient heat dissipation in the event of fire and the like.
  • the column structure of the present invention comprises the outer hollow load-supporting column and, substantially coaxial therewith and surrounded thereby with all-around clearance, a central liquid-supply pipe, conduit or duct communicating at its top with a source of water, and, indeed, serving at least in part as a reservoir for the coolant.
  • the inner pipe communicates with the surrounding space, provided between the inner duct and the outer column, at the bottom of the column and the duct so that convection currents induced by heat (e.g. as a consequence of fire at one or more locations along the column) perform thermal-pumping action inducing liquid flow downwardly to the inner duct and upwardly between the inner duct and the outer column.
  • the innerduct means while preferably a single conduit located centrally of the column and along its axes, may also be constituted by an array of inner ducts, each of which is surrounded with all-around clearance by the outer column, the inner ducts being, in turn, spaced from one another.
  • the inner duct may be of proportionately large dimensions, i.e. with a cross-section of area equal to, say, upwardly of /5 of that of the hollow column and constituting a greater proportion of the surrounding space, while extending the full height of the column to form a reservoir capable of storing substantial quantities of the cooling liquid.
  • a level and pressure equalizing and expansion reservoir is provided at the upper end of the column.
  • This reservoir which communicates below the water level therein with its central or inner supply duct, may also be provided with one or more standpipes connecting the space above the Water in the reservoir with the outer chamber between the inner duct and the column.
  • Another feature of this invention provides, in a column construction of the character described, means rigidly connecting the inner duct with the outer column, at least at the upper and lower end of the structure, so that the inner duct statically contributes to the load-supporting capabilities of the column.
  • An arrangement of the latter type has the important disadvantage that the effective load-carrying cross-section of the column is increased and its rigidity augmented while anti-fire protection is provided without architecturally unaesthetic arrangements.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-section of a multistory column or steel structure, partly in diagrammatic form, embodying the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIII of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a detail cross-sectional View, drawn to a slightly enlarged scale, illustrating the region III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view, drawn to the same scale as FIG. 3 but illustrating the region IV of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating a different embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 of still another embodirnent.
  • a building structrue using steel-column arrangements in accordance with the present invention comprises a plurality of horizontally spaced vertical columns 1, 21, 32 extending the full height of the structure through a number of tiers or stories, three of which are represented at 2 in FIG. 1.
  • Members 2 represent slab-type floor structures, cross beams or the like and are held upon laterally extending brackets 13 welded to the outer srufaces of the columns 1, 21 and 32.
  • the tubular steel columns 1, 21 and 32 are provided with anti-fire protection cooling systems as generally described above and including a centrally extending coolant supply duct represented at 3, 23 and 33 in this figure.
  • Each of the ducts is coaxial with the respective column 1, 21 and 32 and is spaced from the inner wall thereof by a circumferential chamber 4, 24, 34, extending the full height of the column.
  • each inner duct 3, 23, 33 there are provided openings as represented at 25 and 42 communicating between the interior 35, 26, 37 of the inner duct and the surrounding cooling chamber 4, 24, 34.
  • the inner ducts 3, 23 and 33 are cylindrical whereas the outer columns 1 and 21 are of square rectangular cross-section as illustrated in FIG. 2, column 32 being cylindrical.
  • the outer spaces 4, 24 are closed by foot plates 6 bolted at 16' to the foundation 26.
  • the columns 1, 21 are circumferentially welded at 28 to the foot plates 6 while the inner ducts, 3, 23 are circumferentially welded to these plates at 27. Consequently, the development of a hot spot along the column, indicative of a fire, results in a convection flow of water downwardly through the inner chamber 36, 37 as represented by the arrows 38 and then outwardly through the apertures 25 at the base of each inner duct (FIG. 4) and upwardly through the outer chambers 4, 24 as represented by the arrows 39.
  • a head plate 7 is provided at the upper end of each column and is of annular construction so as to be weldable to the inner duct 3, 23 along its inner periphery 30 and at 69 to the outer column 1, 21.
  • a standpipe 9 is mounted in the plate 7 and is welded to the latter at 31 while reaching upwardly above the level of liquid in the equalization and vapor-expansion reservoir 5, the standpipe 9 terminating in its upper end in a downwardly turned bend.
  • valves 12 may be provided between the inner ducts 3, 23 and the reservoir 5 to prevent flow of liquid downwardly into these ducts in the absence of a fire.
  • a pressure flap 17 at the mouth of one of the standpipes is deflectable by the developed steam and operates a switch 14 controls the valve 12 to open the latter in the emergency.
  • the pressure-responsive switch 14 is coupled with the vapor-generation sensor 17 by a mechanical or electrical connection represented at 16 and controls, in turn, the valve 12 and another valve (not shown) at the junction of the central duct 3 with the tank 5 as represented at 15.
  • the upper portion 11 of the tank 5 is open as represented at 11 to allow the tank to be used as a swimming pool on the roof of the structure.
  • the tank 5 is generally flat and can extend over a substantial portion of the roof 10.
  • the inner duct 33 is built integrally into the outer duct 32 and both ducts have cylindrical cross sections as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the ends of tubes 32 and 33 are joined by bights and 41.
  • the inner tube 33 forms a reservoir 35 for a column of water which may enter the outer chamber 34 through the openings 42.
  • the inner chamber 35 is closed at its bottom end by a foot plate 43 welded to the column assembly at 44 and at its top end by a plate 67 communicating via a line 51 with a valve 46 of a pressure source 45, such as a compressed-air tank.
  • the valve 46 may be opened by the sensor switch 14 upon the detection of steam at one of the standpipes 9, 79, 80 or, as represented by line 49, by detectors 50 located at each floor of the structure and responsive to the development of unusual heat conditions indicative of fire.
  • the water is only maintained in the interior 35 of the inner duct 33 and the equalization vessel 52, into which the standpipe 80 opens, constitutes a receptacle for overflowing water.
  • the water is held within the central duct 33 by atmospheric pressure in the outer chamber 34 until valve 46 opens, whereupon the pressure of source 45 drives the water column from the interior of duct 33 downwardly and outwardly into the outer chamber 44 in which the water performs its cooling function.
  • the standpipe 9 etc. open above the level 81 of water 82 in the tank 5 so that steam rising in the outer chamber 4, etc. will pass upwardly by thermal-siphon action and be expelled above the water bath 82. Any water entrained with the rising steam or constituting the convection circulation will fiow downwardly from the tank 5 through the inner duct 3 and then pass upwardly through the outer chamber 4, thence into the standpipe, and from the latter into the tank 5.
  • the tank 5 is hydrostatically connected to duct 3 at the duct upper end only.
  • the header or supply duct 3, 23, 33 extends coaxially within the hollow column l, 21, 32 and is centrally disposed therein and is of cylindrical configuration.
  • the inner duct can, of course, have some other configuration and can be built into the column such as its geometry corresponds in cross section to that of the column (see FIG. 6), while the annular chamber is maintained all around the central duct.
  • the supply duct 3 contributes to the static strength of the column and also serves as a reservoir for the cooling liquid.
  • the corresponding tank may be of reduced volume.
  • FIG. 5 we have shown a modified system wherein the outer column surrounds a multiplicity of angularly equispaced parallel supply pipes 76 communicating with the space 77 around this bundle of pipes at the bottom of the column and connected to a liquid reservoir on the roof of the structure as previously described.
  • a support-column construction for a multiple story steel structure comprising:
  • a coolant-supply duct extending generally axially and centrally within said column and defining therewith an annular clearance all around said duct and running over substantially the full length of said column and said duct, said duct communicating with said clearance at the lower end thereof for feeding a liquid coolant thereto;
  • a. vapor-venting pipe communicating with said clearance at the upper end of said column and opening into said equalizing tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
US831459A 1968-06-12 1969-06-09 Column arrangement for multistory structures Expired - Lifetime US3616583A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1759835A DE1759835B2 (de) 1968-06-12 1968-06-12 Stahl-Hohlstütze

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3616583A true US3616583A (en) 1971-11-02

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ID=5695814

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US831459A Expired - Lifetime US3616583A (en) 1968-06-12 1969-06-09 Column arrangement for multistory structures

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3616583A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5132887B1 (enExample)
BE (1) BE734372A (enExample)
CH (1) CH489679A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1759835B2 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2010718A1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1224730A (enExample)
NL (1) NL148130B (enExample)
SE (1) SE350559B (enExample)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779179A (en) * 1972-03-31 1973-12-18 J Marois Fire-insulated partition and fireproof container made therewith
US3948314A (en) * 1971-03-08 1976-04-06 Isothermic Systems Ltd. Thermodynamically integrated buildings
US4143703A (en) * 1976-03-02 1979-03-13 Isothermic Systems Limited Thermodynamically integrated buildings
US4301631A (en) * 1979-12-17 1981-11-24 Michiji Tazaki Water cooling jacket for protection from fire
US4951441A (en) * 1987-12-01 1990-08-28 Mitshi Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha Damping device in a structure and damping construction and damping method using those devices
US5493820A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-02-27 Joseph; Michael A. Fire preventing duct system
US6484469B2 (en) 2000-10-19 2002-11-26 William E. Drake Column structures and methods for supporting compressive loads
FR2836051A1 (fr) * 2002-02-18 2003-08-22 Bernard Bastita Synthese structure metallique porteuse, systeme d'arrosage anti-incendie
US6718702B2 (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-04-13 Richard D. Fuerle Fire-resistant beams
US6796089B1 (en) * 2002-02-26 2004-09-28 H. Fred Campbell Building in suspension
US7441377B1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2008-10-28 Moreland Kenneth L Heat dissipating beam
US20130104994A1 (en) * 2010-03-04 2013-05-02 Michael Bettiol Building envelope member with internal water reservoir
US8484915B1 (en) 2012-07-11 2013-07-16 King Saud University System for improving fire endurance of concrete-filled steel tubular columns
US9677273B2 (en) * 2014-11-26 2017-06-13 King Saud University Concrete-filled steel tubular column for high load carrying capacity and fire resistance
CN113804010A (zh) * 2021-09-16 2021-12-17 襄阳尚能电气有限公司 一种基于工业电炉用辅助控制系统

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1108715B (de) * 1959-09-10 1961-06-15 Basf Ag Rohrunterstuetzung fuer Roehrenbuendel von Waermetauschern
JPS53103292U (enExample) * 1977-01-24 1978-08-19
DE3218190C2 (de) * 1982-05-14 1984-09-20 Horst Dr.-Ing. 6200 Wiesbaden Witte Tragkonstruktion für Hochbauten
DE20205497U1 (de) 2002-04-09 2002-07-04 Aicher, Max, Dipl.-Ing., 83395 Freilassing Gebäude mit Innenraumschutz

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3948314A (en) * 1971-03-08 1976-04-06 Isothermic Systems Ltd. Thermodynamically integrated buildings
US3779179A (en) * 1972-03-31 1973-12-18 J Marois Fire-insulated partition and fireproof container made therewith
US4143703A (en) * 1976-03-02 1979-03-13 Isothermic Systems Limited Thermodynamically integrated buildings
US4301631A (en) * 1979-12-17 1981-11-24 Michiji Tazaki Water cooling jacket for protection from fire
US4951441A (en) * 1987-12-01 1990-08-28 Mitshi Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha Damping device in a structure and damping construction and damping method using those devices
US5493820A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-02-27 Joseph; Michael A. Fire preventing duct system
US6484469B2 (en) 2000-10-19 2002-11-26 William E. Drake Column structures and methods for supporting compressive loads
WO2003070325A1 (fr) * 2002-02-18 2003-08-28 Bernard Bastita Synthese de structure metallique porteuse-systeme automatique d'arrosage anti incendie
FR2836051A1 (fr) * 2002-02-18 2003-08-22 Bernard Bastita Synthese structure metallique porteuse, systeme d'arrosage anti-incendie
US6796089B1 (en) * 2002-02-26 2004-09-28 H. Fred Campbell Building in suspension
US6718702B2 (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-04-13 Richard D. Fuerle Fire-resistant beams
US7441377B1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2008-10-28 Moreland Kenneth L Heat dissipating beam
US20130104994A1 (en) * 2010-03-04 2013-05-02 Michael Bettiol Building envelope member with internal water reservoir
US8973313B2 (en) * 2010-03-04 2015-03-10 Michael Bettiol Building envelope member with internal water reservoir
US20150143757A1 (en) * 2010-03-04 2015-05-28 Michael Bettiol Building envelope member with internal water reservoir
US9562353B2 (en) * 2010-03-04 2017-02-07 Michael Bettiol Building envelope member with internal water reservoir
US8484915B1 (en) 2012-07-11 2013-07-16 King Saud University System for improving fire endurance of concrete-filled steel tubular columns
US9677273B2 (en) * 2014-11-26 2017-06-13 King Saud University Concrete-filled steel tubular column for high load carrying capacity and fire resistance
CN113804010A (zh) * 2021-09-16 2021-12-17 襄阳尚能电气有限公司 一种基于工业电炉用辅助控制系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE734372A (enExample) 1969-11-17
DE1759835B2 (de) 1974-02-28
NL6908886A (enExample) 1969-12-16
DE1759835A1 (de) 1971-11-11
NL148130B (nl) 1975-12-15
FR2010718A1 (enExample) 1970-02-20
GB1224730A (en) 1971-03-10
DE1759835C3 (enExample) 1974-10-10
JPS5132887B1 (enExample) 1976-09-16
CH489679A (de) 1970-04-30
SE350559B (enExample) 1972-10-30

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