US3615488A - Photographic processing composition and process comprising cysteine and an aldehyde bisulfite - Google Patents

Photographic processing composition and process comprising cysteine and an aldehyde bisulfite Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3615488A
US3615488A US20791A US3615488DA US3615488A US 3615488 A US3615488 A US 3615488A US 20791 A US20791 A US 20791A US 3615488D A US3615488D A US 3615488DA US 3615488 A US3615488 A US 3615488A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
composition
per liter
bisulfite
developer composition
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US20791A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frank J Drago
Clinton Van Grol
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3615488A publication Critical patent/US3615488A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/305—Additives other than developers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photographic materials and their use.
  • this invention relates to compositions employed in the development of high-contrast photographic elements.
  • this invention relates to the process of developing exposed high-contrast photographic elements in a continuous transport processing machine wherein at least one processing solution comprises new photographic developercompositions.
  • the low level of sulfite ion partially stabilizes the developer solution for a short period of time and is achieved in all known commercial developers of this type by the use of an aldehyde sulfite, such as sodium formaldehyde bisulfite, which acts as a sulfite ion buffer.
  • aldehyde sulfite such as sodium formaldehyde bisulfite
  • developer solutions are generally stored in two parts since, for example, the sodium formaldehyde bisulfite will dissociate at a high pH to give not only the desired sulfite ion but an equimolar amount of formaldehyde which will react with hydroquinone to destroy the developing power.
  • the developer solutions for high-contrast films presently used in continuous transport processing machines have a number of disadvantages.
  • all of the prior lithdevelopers have a relatively low capacity and begin to show substantial exhaustion after the development of a relatively small amount of lith-film and solution either discarded in commercial practice or replenished.
  • the aldehyde bisulfites such as sodium formaldehyde bisulfite may cause some loss in speed, but more importantly may cause a loss in Dmax of the developed image.
  • the prior art has disclosed good high contrast images for normal conditions of time and temperature, it is of particular concern to improve the negative density and decrease line veiling in fast access processing at high temperatures in automatic processing equipment, such as the Kodak Supermatic Processor. It would be very desirable to have a developer solution for high-contrast films which could be used in'high temperature continuous transport processing machines without obtaining line veiling, while at the same time obtaining a higher capacity in machine or tray processing for such adeveloper solution.
  • Typical emulsion compositions would comprise a silver chlorobromide gelatin emulsion (80 mole percent chloride) containing hydroquinone and coated on a polyester film support to yield the following coverages: Silver 410 mg. per square foot, gelatin 900 mg. per square foot and hydroquinone 150 mg. per square foot. If desired, part of the gelatin may be replaced with a synthetic vinyl polymer such as an alkyl-acrylate latex. Our invention is advantageously carried out with alkaline activator solutions which do not contain any developing agent or less developing agent than is required for full development activity.
  • a further object is to provide a new high-contrast developer solution which has improved keeping properties and also improved solution life in terms of aeration and film capacity. It is still a further object to provide a high-contrast developer solution which produces developed images showing a high Dmax, improved tone, good image sharpness and improved edge effects.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an alkaline processing solution for the development of lith-type silver halide films which have therein one or several of a variety of silver halide developing agents.
  • an essentially bromide-free, high contrast processing solution containing a monoaldehyde and cysteine in the presence of a silver halide developing agent which exhibits the unexpected and unobvious properties referred to above.
  • the developer solution additionally contains an organic antifoggant.
  • the monoaldehyde bisulfites which can be employed in the novel developer compositions are desirably alkali metal, lower hydrocarbyl and desirably lower aliphatic, monoaldehyde bisulfites.
  • the monoaldehyde bisulfites are well known as shown by Donovan et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,313,523 issued Mar. 9, 1943, arid Kridel et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,843,483 issued July 15, 1958.
  • aldehydes bisulfites which may be advantageously employed are sodium formaldehyde bisulfite, potassium formaldehyde bisulfite, sodium acetaldehyde bisulfite and sodium isobutyraldehyde bisulfite.
  • a preferred monoaldehyde bisulfite is sodium formaldehyde bisulfite.
  • the concentration of the aldehyde bisulfite suitably employed in our developer composition is from about 0.05 to about 1.0 moles per liter of developer composition and is preferably about 0.3 moles per liter of developer composition.
  • the developing agents which can be employed in our developing solutions can be any of those commonly employed in the graphic arts.
  • Useful silver halide developing agents include dihydroxy benzene and substituted dihydroxy benzene's such as hydroquinone; chlorohydroquinone; bromohydroquinone; 2,3-dichlorohydroquinone; 2,5- dimethylhydroquinone; 2,3-dibromohydroquinone; [,4- dihydroxy-2-acetophenone-2,5-dimethylhydroquinone; 2,5- diethylhydroquinohe; 2,5-di-p-phenethylhydroquinone; 2,5- dibenzoylaminohydroquinone; 2,5-diacetaminohydroquinone; etc.
  • esters of such compounds for example, formates and acetates can also be employed. These developing agents can be used alone or in any combination and can be employed in airy concentration which is effective for development.
  • a suitable concentration for the developing agent is about 0.05 to about 0.50 mole per liter of developing composition and is typically from 0.10 to about 0.03 mole per liter of developer composition.
  • cysteine in our novel processing comp ositibi i sT cysteine (flmercaptoalanine).
  • cysteine will include not only the amino acid but also its hydroha-lides.
  • Suitable concentrations of the cysteine are from about 0.1 to about 0.9 grams per liter of developer composition and preferably about 0.3 grams per liter of developer composition.
  • our novel processing compositions generally do not employ bromides as restrainers.
  • organic antifoggants In place of the bromide restrainers, we employ organic antifoggants. Should bromide, for example, potassium bromides which is normally employed in lith developer solutions, be utilized, the improved image tone and improved developer activity, the higher line density, and the improved solution life obtained are minimized.
  • the organic antifoggants are well known as discussed, for instance, in Mees, The Theory of the Photographic Process, 3rd Edition, (1966), p. 344-346.
  • the organic antifoggants can be benzimidazoles or indazoles.
  • the organic antifoggants can be the nitrobenzimidazoles and nitroindazoles.
  • Illustrative of the organic antifoggants which can be employed in our developer solutions are: 5- nitrobenzimidazole, S-nitroindazole and 6-nitrobenzimidazole nitrate.
  • Suitable concentrations for the organic antifoggnats range from about 0.1 to about 2.0 grams per liter of developer composition and preferably about 0.8 grams per liter of developer composition for fast access high temperature processing. About one half these amounts are suitable for normal temperature (68 F.) tray processing.
  • the preferably organic antifoggants are the nitrosubstituted organic antifoggants.
  • Optimum results 1 are obtained when employing our processing composition by maintaining the pH of the solution between about 10 and about 1 1.2.
  • optimum results are obtained by maintaining the temperature of the processing solutions between about 90 F. and 130 F. and preferably about 1 10 F.
  • the temperature can range from about 60 to 80 F.
  • Our novel processing composition and activator solutions can be utilized either in tray processing or preferably in a continuous machine processing system, such as the fast access high-temperature transport machines, wherein the high-contrast photographic element is processed by passing through rollers or otherwise in one continuous motion by transporting it into and out of at least one processing solution in the manner shown, for example, by U.S. Pats. Nos. 3,025,779 of Russell and Kunz issued Mar. 20, 1962; 3,078,024 of Sandeson issued Feb. 19, 1963; 3,122,086of Fitch issued Feb. 25, 1964; 3,149,551 of Cramer issued Feb. 22, 1964; 3,156,173 of Meyer issued Nov. 10, l964;and 3,224,356 of Fleisher and Hixon issued Feb. 21, 1965.
  • the continuous transport process may be described as a unidirectional" transport process. By the term unidirectional it is understood that the photographic elements move over all in one direction; however, the general movement would include up and down movements, etc. to accommodate rollers, processing solutions, etc.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Sheets of a high contrast chlorobromide emulsion are sensitometrically exposed to a 0.01 density step tablet. Individual sheets are developed respectively in one of developer solutions A, B, C, or D in a Kodak Supermatic Processor at 1 10F.
  • EXAMPLE 11 This example illustrates the excellent capacity of the developer solutions of the invention.
  • a developer solution is prepared having the following formulations:
  • EXAMPLE 111 A developer composition (A) identical to that in example 11 is prepared. A similar solution (B) is prepared except cysteine.
  • Strips of a high-contrast chlorobromide emulsion are exposed to a 0.1 density step tablet and tray processed to simulate machine conditions at 1 F. in the developer solutions.
  • the results of the sensitometric tests are summarized in table Ill.
  • This example illustrates the exceptional capacity of our developer composition over prior art developer composition when employed in tray processing.
  • Thet-high-contrast developer compositions are prepared as follows:
  • a suitable alkaline activator solution according to the invention provides for excellent quality of developed images in high-contrast emulsions containing incorporated developing agent.
  • Such activator solutions have excellent keeping and exhaustion characteristics when compared to developing solutions containing reducing agents. Since problems with keeping are reduced, activator solutions may be prepared which have higher pl-ls which desirably shorten the processing time. Further, such solutions may be used at elevated temperatures with less deterioration on keeping.
  • An example of the use of an activator solution of our invention at high temperature in machine processing is given below: A solution was prepared to contain:
  • the activator was used in a Kodak Supermatic Processor to process a high-contrast silver chlorobromide film containing incorporated hydroquinone developing agent. The processing was carried out at ll0 F. at 3 f.p.m. The activator solution was used for processing sheets of film containing typical negatives having at least percent of the area exposed. Very good results were obtained with the activator, even after 1,000 square feet of film had been processed in only 5 gallons of the activator. Data below show the sensitometric results on sheets of film after various amounts of film were processed.
  • a suitable activator solution for tray processing at room temperature, of an incorporated developer lith emulsion may Sheets of exposed lith film comprising a high contrast chlorobromide emulsion containing norbornene hydroquinone developing agent were processed for 30 seconds at 68 F. in shallow trays containing the above solution. Excellent quality and density resulted. When a comparison test was run using a similar activator from which the cysteine had been eliminated, lower densities and poorer line quality resulted.
  • Activator solution according to our invention may be prepared as a working solution or in more concentrated form as a liquid within the solubility limits of the chemicals involved. Successful concentrations have been prepared for 1:3 dilution with water.
  • the high-contrast emulsion processed with the processing solutions of this invention may be unwashed or washed to remove soluble salts.
  • the soluble salts may be removed by chill-setting and leaching or the emulsion may be coagulation washed, e.g. by the procedures described in l-lewitson et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,618,556 issued Nov. 18, 1952; Yutzy et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,614,928 issued Oct 21, 1952; Yackel U.S. Pat. No. 2,565,418 issued Aug. 21, 1951, Hart et a1.
  • the emulsions processed with the processing solutions of .this invention may be sensitized with chemical sensitizers, such as with reducing agents; sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds; gold, platinum or palladium compounds; or combinations of these.
  • chemical sensitizers such as with reducing agents; sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds; gold, platinum or palladium compounds; or combinations of these.
  • Suitable procedures are described in Sheppard et al. U.S. Pat. No. 1,623,499 issued Apr. 5, 1927; Me- Veigh U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,447 issued Jan. 10, 1967; Waller et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,399,083issued Apr. 23, 1946; and Dunn U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,446 issued Jan. 10, 1967.
  • the high-contrast emulsions and other hardenable layers processed in the processing solutions of this invention can be hardened by various organic or inorganic hardeners, alone or in combination, such as the aldehydes, and blocked aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic and carbonic acid derivatives, sulfonate esters sulfonyl halides and vinyl sulfonyl ethers, active halogen compounds, expoxy compounds, aziridines, active olefins, isocyanates, carbodiimides, mixed function hardeners and polymeric hardeners such as oxidized polysaccharides like dialdehyde starch and oxyguargum and the like.
  • various organic or inorganic hardeners such as the aldehydes, and blocked aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic and carbonic acid derivatives, sulfonate esters sulfonyl halides and vinyl sulfonyl ethers, active halogen
  • the high-contrast emulsions and elements employed in the practice of this invention can contain various colloids alone or in combination as vehicles, binding agents and various layers.
  • Suitable hydrophilic materials include both naturally occurring substances such as proteins, for example, gelatin, gelatin derivatives, cellulose derivatives, polysaccharides such as dextran, gum arabic and the like; and synthetic polymeric substances such as water soluble polyvinyl compounds like poly (vinylpyrrolidone), acrylamide polymers and the like.
  • the high-contrast emulsions and other layers of the highcontrast elements employed in the practice of this invention can also contain alone or in combination with hydrophilic.
  • Suitable synthetic polymers include those described, for example, in Nottorf US. Pat. No. 3,142,568issued July 29, 1964; White U.S. Pat. No. 3,193,386issued July 6, 1965; Houck et al. U.S. Pat No. 3,062,674 issued Nov. 6, 1962; Houck et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,220,844 issued Nov. 30, 1965; Ream et al. U.S. Pat No. 3,287,289issued Nov. 22, 1966; Dykstra U.S. Pat No. 3,411,911 issued Nov.
  • the high-contrast elements processed in the presence of the novel processing solutions of this invention may contain antistatic or conducting layers, such layers may comprise soluble salts, e.g. chlorides, nitrates, etc., evaporated metal layers, ionic polymers such as those described in Minsk US Pat. No. 2,861,056 issued Nov. 18, 1958, and Sterman et a1 U.S. Pat. No. 3,206,312 issued Sept. 14, 1965, or insoluble inorganic salts such as those described in Trevoy U.S. Pat. No. 3,428,451 issued Feb. 18,1969.
  • soluble salts e.g. chlorides, nitrates, etc.
  • evaporated metal layers ionic polymers
  • ionic polymers such as those described in Minsk US Pat. No. 2,861,056 issued Nov. 18, 1958, and Sterman et a1 U.S. Pat. No. 3,206,312 issued Sept. 14, 1965
  • insoluble inorganic salts such as
  • Typical supports include cellulose nitrate film, cellulose ester film poly (vinyl acetal) film, polystyrene film, poly (ethylene terephthalate) film, polycarbonate film and related films or resinuous materials, as well as glass, paper, metal and the like.
  • a flexible support is employed, especially a paper support, which can be partially acetylated or coated with baryta and/or an alphaolefm polymer, particularly a polymer of an alpha-olefin containing two to ten carbon atoms such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylenebutene copolymers and the like.
  • the high-contrast elements and other layers processed in the processing solutions of this invention can contain plasticizers and lubricants such as polyalcohols, e.g. glycerin and diols of the type described in Milton et a1.
  • plasticizers and lubricants such as polyalcohols, e.g. glycerin and diols of the type described in Milton et a1.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,960,404 issued Nov. 1, 1966 fatty acids or esters such as those described in Robijns U.S. Pat. No. 2,588,765 issued Mar. 11, 1952 and Duane U.S. Pat. No. 3,121,060 issued Feb. 11, 1964
  • silicone resins such as those described in Du- Pont British Pat. No. 955,061.
  • the high-contrast elements and other layers employed in the practice of this invention may contain surfactants such as saponin; anionic compounds such as the alkyl aryl sulfonates described in Baldsiefen U.S. Pat. No. 2,600,831 issued June 17, 1962; amphoteric compounds such as those described in Ben-Ezra U.S. Pat. No. 3,133,816 issued May 19, 1964; and water soluble adducts of glycidol and an alkyl phenol such as those described in Olin Mathieson British Pat. No. 1,002,878.
  • surfactants such as saponin
  • anionic compounds such as the alkyl aryl sulfonates described in Baldsiefen U.S. Pat. No. 2,600,831 issued June 17, 1962
  • amphoteric compounds such as those described in Ben-Ezra U.S. Pat. No. 3,133,816 issued May 19, 1964
  • the high-contrast elements and other layers employed in the practice of this invention may contain matting agents such as starch, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silica, polymeric beads including beads of the type described in .lelley et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,101 issued July 11, 1961, and Lynn U.S. Pat. No. 2,701,245 issued Feb. 1, 1955.
  • matting agents such as starch, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silica, polymeric beads including beads of the type described in .lelley et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,101 issued July 11, 1961, and Lynn U.S. Pat. No. 2,701,245 issued Feb. 1, 1955.
  • the high-contrast elements and other layers employed in this invention may contain brightening agents including stilbenes, triazines, oxazoles and coumarin brightening agents.
  • Brightening agents including stilbenes, triazines, oxazoles and coumarin brightening agents.
  • Water soluble brightening agents may be used such as those described in Albers et al. German Pat. No. 972,067and Mc- Fall et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,933,390 issued Apr. 19, 1960, or dispersions of brighteners may be used such as those described in .lansen German Pat. No. 1,150,274, Oetiker et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,406,070 issued Oct. 15, 1968, and Heidke French Pat. No. 1,530,244.
  • Spectral-sensitizing dyes can be used conveniently to confer additional sensitivity to the light-sensitive silver halide emulsion of the multilayer photographic elements processed in the processing solutions of the invention.
  • additional spectral sensitization can be obtained by treating the emulsion with a solution of a sensitizing dye in an organic solvent or the dye may be added in the form ofa dispersion as described in Owens et al. British Pat. No. 1,154,781.
  • the dye may either by added to the emulsion as a final step or at some earlier stage.
  • Sensitizing dyes useful in sensitizing such emulsions are described, for example, in Brooker et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,526,632 issued Oct. 24, 1950; Sprague U.S. Pat. No. 2,503,776 issued Apr. 11, 1950; Brooker et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,493,748 issued Oct. 10, 1950; and Taber et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,384,486 issued May 21, 1968.
  • Spectral sensitizers which can be used include the cyanines, merocyanines, complex (trior tetranuclear) merocyanines, complex (trior tetranuclear) cyanines, holopolar cyanines, styryls, hemicyanines (e.g. enamine hemicyanines), oxonols and hemioxonols.
  • Dyes of the cyanine classes may contain such basic nuclei as the thiazolines, oxazolines, pyrrolines, pyridines, oxazoles, thiazoles, selenazoles and imidazoles.
  • Such nuclei may contain alkyl, alkylene, hydroxyalkyl, sulfoalkyl, carboxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, and enamine groups and may be fused to carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring systems either unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, phenyl, alkyl. haloalkyl, cyano, or alkoxy groups.
  • the dyes may be symmetrical or unsymmetrical and may contain alkyl, phenyl, enamine or heterocyclic substituents on the methine or polymethine chain.
  • the merocyanine dyes may contain the basic nuclei mentioned above as well as acid nuclei such as thiohydantoins, rhodanines, oxazolidendiones, thiazolidenedions, barbituric acids, thiazolineones, and malononitrile. These acid nuclei may be substituted with alkyl, alkylene, phenyl, carboxyalkyl,
  • heterocyclic nuclei Combinations of these dyes may be used,
  • the high-contrast elements and other layers processed in the processing solutions of this invention can contain light-absorbing materials and filter dyes such as those described in Sawdey U.S. Pat. No. 3,253,921 issued May 31, 1966, Gasper U.S. Pat. No. 2,274,782 issued Mar. 3, 1942; Silberstein et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,527,583 issued Oct. 31, 1950; and VanCampen U.S. Pat. No. 2,956,879 issued Oct. 18, 1960.
  • the dyes can be mordanted, for example, as described in Jones et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,282,699 issued Nov. 1, 1966.
  • An essentially bromide-free photographic developer composition comprising:
  • composition of claim 1 which additionally comprises an organic antifoggant.
  • composition of claim 2 said composition being as aqueous solution.
  • composition of claim 3 wherein said developing agent is present in a concentration of from about 0.05 to about 0.50 mole per liter of developer composition, said cysteineis present in a range of from about 0.1 to about 0.9 grams per liter of developer composition, said aldehyde bisulfite is present in a range of from about 0.05 to about 1.0 moles per liter of developer composition and said organic antifoggant is present in a range of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 grams per liter of developer composition.
  • composition of claim 2 wherein said developing agent is a dihydroxybenzene developing agent and said monoaldehyde bisulfite is a formaldehyde bisulfite 6.
  • dihydroxybenzene developing agent is hydroquinone
  • formaldehyde bisulfite is sodium formaldehyde bisulfite
  • organic antifoggant is a nitro-sustituted organic antifoggant.
  • composition of claim 6 wherein said nitrosubstituted organic antifoggant is one of 5-nitroindazole, 5- nitrobenzimidazole and S-nitrobenzimidazole nitrate.
  • composition of claim I wherein the pH IS in a range of from about 10 to about 11.2 and additionally comprises free sultite in the range of from about 2 to about 40 grams per liter of developer composition.
  • composition of claim 6 wherein said hydroquinone is present in a concentration of about 0.3 mole per liter of developer composition, said cysteine is present in a concentration of about 0.003 mole per liter of developer composition,
  • said sodium formaldehyde bisulfite is present in a concentration of about 0.3 mole per liter of developer composition and said organic antifoggant is present in a concentration of about 0.005 mole per liter of developer composition.
  • said developer composition additionally comprises an organic antifo gant.
  • said developing agent is present in a range in a concentration of from about 0.05 to about 0.50 mole per liter of developer composition
  • said cysteine is present in a range of from about 0.1 to about 0.9 grams per liter of developer composition
  • said aldehyde bisulfite is present in a range of from about 0.05 to about 1.0 moles per liter of developer composition
  • said organic antifoggant is present in a range of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 grams per liter of developer composition.
  • said developing agent is a dihydroxybenzene developing agent and said monoaldehyde bisulfite is a formaldehyde bisulfite.
  • said dihydroxybenzene developing agent is hydroquinone
  • said formaldehyde bisulfite is sodium formaldehyde bisulfite
  • said organic antifoggant is a nitro-substituted organic antifoggant.
  • nitrosubstituted organic antifoggant is one of 5-nitroindazole, 5- nitrobenzimidazole, o-nitrobenzimidazole nitrate or 5- nitrobenzimidazole nitrate.
  • said developing composition is at a pH of about 10 to about 1 1.2 and comprises from about 2 to about 40 grams per liter ofa free sulfite.
  • said photographic element comprises a silver halide emulsion in which the halide comprises at least 60 mole percent chloride.
  • An essentially bromide-free alkaline photographic activator solution comprising a monoaldehyde bisulfite, bisulfite, cystine and at least one organic antifoggant.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US20791A 1970-03-18 1970-03-18 Photographic processing composition and process comprising cysteine and an aldehyde bisulfite Expired - Lifetime US3615488A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2079170A 1970-03-18 1970-03-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3615488A true US3615488A (en) 1971-10-26

Family

ID=21800602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US20791A Expired - Lifetime US3615488A (en) 1970-03-18 1970-03-18 Photographic processing composition and process comprising cysteine and an aldehyde bisulfite

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3615488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE764228A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2112825C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2084671A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (2) GB1337064A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2344074A1 (de) 1972-09-01 1974-03-14 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photographische entwicklerzusammensetzung
US3869289A (en) * 1971-01-07 1975-03-04 Eastman Kodak Co Novel compositions and photographic processes
US3926632A (en) * 1971-09-13 1975-12-16 Agfa Gevaert Nv Photographic silver halide lith material
US3972719A (en) * 1971-02-15 1976-08-03 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Photographic developer compositions
US3984243A (en) * 1972-12-21 1976-10-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photographic developer compositions for obtaining high contrast images
US4022621A (en) * 1972-09-01 1977-05-10 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photographic developer composition
US4147543A (en) * 1972-04-01 1979-04-03 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Developer compositions for high contrast diffusion transfer photographic materials and process therefor
US4172728A (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-10-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company High contrast continuous tone developer and process of use
JPS5549298B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-02-15 1980-12-11
USH1263H (en) 1989-02-07 1993-12-07 Konica Corporation Image forming method and apparatus
EP0753793A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Photographic silver halide developer composition

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4217610A (en) * 1978-09-25 1980-08-12 Tektronix, Inc. Variable start multiburst signal generator

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869289A (en) * 1971-01-07 1975-03-04 Eastman Kodak Co Novel compositions and photographic processes
US3972719A (en) * 1971-02-15 1976-08-03 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Photographic developer compositions
JPS5549298B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-02-15 1980-12-11
US3926632A (en) * 1971-09-13 1975-12-16 Agfa Gevaert Nv Photographic silver halide lith material
US4147543A (en) * 1972-04-01 1979-04-03 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Developer compositions for high contrast diffusion transfer photographic materials and process therefor
DE2344074A1 (de) 1972-09-01 1974-03-14 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photographische entwicklerzusammensetzung
US4022621A (en) * 1972-09-01 1977-05-10 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photographic developer composition
DE2344074C2 (de) 1972-09-01 1984-04-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minamiashigara, Kanagawa Photographischer Lithentwickler
US3984243A (en) * 1972-12-21 1976-10-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photographic developer compositions for obtaining high contrast images
US4172728A (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-10-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company High contrast continuous tone developer and process of use
USH1263H (en) 1989-02-07 1993-12-07 Konica Corporation Image forming method and apparatus
EP0753793A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Photographic silver halide developer composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2112825B2 (de) 1973-10-31
DE2112825A1 (de) 1971-09-30
GB1337064A (en) 1973-11-14
GB1337063A (en) 1973-11-14
DE2112825C3 (de) 1974-05-22
BE764228A (fr) 1971-08-02
FR2084671A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0458707B1 (en) High contrast photographic element including an aryl sulfonamidophenyl hydrazide containing both thio and ethyleneoxy groups
EP0458708B1 (en) High contrast photographic element including an aryl sulfonamidophenyl hydrazide containing an alkyl pyridinium group
US3782949A (en) Photographic element comprising a hydroxy substituted aliphatic carboxylic acid aryl hydrazide
US3615488A (en) Photographic processing composition and process comprising cysteine and an aldehyde bisulfite
US3730727A (en) Photographic element comprising an aliphatic carboxylic acid aryl hydrazide and ascorbic acid
US3647460A (en) Method of producing photographic images by rapid processing
US3737313A (en) Paper radiographic element containing silver halide grains rhodium salt sensitized,thioether ripened and polyvalent metal ion stabilized
US5041355A (en) High contrast photographic element including an aryl sulfonamidophenyl hydrazide containing ethyleneoxy groups
US3708302A (en) Silver halide emulsion sensitized with thioamine-glutaraldehyde or acrylic aldehyde adduct
US3784381A (en) High speed silver chloroiodide emulsions
US4777118A (en) Process for the formation of high contrast negative images and silver halide photographic element
US3615513A (en) Inhibition of silvering in photographic processing solutions
US3816137A (en) Amino hydroxy cycloalkenone silver halide developing agents
US3669670A (en) Photographic compositions containing bis-isothiuronium compounds as development activators and image stabilizers
US5955252A (en) Silver halide photographic material
US3672896A (en) Photographic composition element and process
US5194367A (en) Method for processing a silver halide photographic material
US3607278A (en) Photographic elements containing fogged and unfogged silver halide grains and a slow silver halide emulsion layer
US3586505A (en) Sensitizing silver halide emulsion layers
US3615521A (en) Photographic compositions and processes-a
EP0717311B1 (en) Photographic elements comprising contrast promoting agents
US3647453A (en) Stabilization of silver halide emulsions with 1,1 bis-sulfonyl alkanes
US3690892A (en) Eliminating processing defects in light-sensitive silver halide materials
US5578434A (en) Photographic silver halide developer composition and process for forming photographic silver images
US3623873A (en) Development process in presence of a nitro-substituted benzothiadiazole or benzoselenadiazole