US3613650A - Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3613650A
US3613650A US884206A US3613650DA US3613650A US 3613650 A US3613650 A US 3613650A US 884206 A US884206 A US 884206A US 3613650D A US3613650D A US 3613650DA US 3613650 A US3613650 A US 3613650A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
lever
suction tube
cam
air
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Expired - Lifetime
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US884206A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Stumpp
Klaus-Jurgen Peters
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/18—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air
    • F02M69/22—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air the device comprising a member movably mounted in the air intake conduit and displaced according to the quantity of air admitted to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/30—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines
    • F02M69/32—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines with an air by-pass around the air throttle valve or with an auxiliary air passage, e.g. with a variably controlled valve therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/48—Arrangement of air sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • PATENTEDUCT 19 I971 SHEET 8 0F 7 5P 5 w w; W ma 4 w. 6 m
  • This invention relates to a fuel injection system for externally ignited internal combustion engines of automotive vehicles and is of the type wherein the supply of air is controlled by an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve disposed in the suction tube.
  • the intake air flows past a regulator member which is responsive to the pressure (particularly the dynamic pressure) of the air in the suction tube, and which is disposed at least partially inside the suction tube and is displaceable against the force of a return spring.
  • the position of the regulator member is a function of the flow rate of air determined by the setting of said butterfly valve.
  • the regulator member by virtue of its displacement, automatically determines a flow passage section in the suction tube and, according to said flow passage section, meters the fuel continuously by varying an adjustable throttle through which the fuel flows with a constant pressure drop.
  • a fuel injection system of the aforenoted type is to automatically provide, in an Otto-engine, in all operational ranges a favorable ratio of fuel-air mixture in order to achieve a possibly complete combustion of the fuel and thereby ensure the highest possible efficiency of the engine, a lowest possible fuel consumption and further ensure that the generation-of poisonous exhaust gases is eliminated or at least very substantially reduced.
  • the fuel quantity has to be very accurately metered for each operational range of the engine.
  • the butterfly valve is arbitrarily set dependent upon the required power, while the regulator assembly has the function to meter the fuel for obtaining the optimal ratio of fuel-air mixture.
  • a pressure-sensitive regulator member disposed upstream of the butterfly valve and displaceable against the force of a spring to control automatically the effective flow passage section of a variable channel in the suction tube and to simultaneously control the flow passage section of a fuel-metering nozzle
  • pressure control means which under constant rpm. and identical load conditions maintain a constant pressure drop at the metering nozzle, but which, however, alter such pressure drop for enriching the mixture, for example, when the engine runs cold.
  • a variation of the fuel proportion of the fuel-air mixture by changing the pressure drop at the metering nozzle by means of pressure control components is excessively complex and expensive.
  • the aforenoted known fuel injection system has further the disadvantage that the matching of the fuel-air ratio with the engine characteristics does not follow point by point, but, because of the use of the aforenoted pressure-responsive means, it is performed in such a manner that the metered fuel quantity has an optimal value for some operational conditions, whereas in wide operational ranges the fuel quantities do not correspond accurately to the requirements.
  • a second throttle member controls a pneumatic setting motor which is associated with a fuel metering valve which, in turn, detennines the fuel-air ratio as a function of the pressure prevailing in the suction tube between the butterfly valve and the aforenamed second throttle member.
  • This second throttle member is disposed in the suction tube upstream'of' the first throttle member (i.e. the butterfly valve) and is operated'in its opening direction by the vacuum prevailing between the two throttle members and bythe pressure prevailing upstream of the second throttle member.
  • thebias or preload on the return force acting on the regulator member is changed as a function of a variable magnitude characterizing the engine operation, such as the engine temperature.
  • the return force is supplied by a return spring, the bias or preload of which is variable by means of a temperature-dependent control element, such as an expansible regulator.
  • the aforenoted regulator member displaces-as afunction of the flow rate of air in the suction tube and as a function of the preload on said return spring-a three-dimensional cam which, in turn, adjusts a follower pin of a fuel quantity metering device.
  • the three-dimensional cam is also displaceablein a direction normal to the movement caused by the regulator member as a function of the setting of the butterfly valve disposed in the suction tube.
  • FIG. I is an axial sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view along line Il-II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view along line VIVI of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line VII-VII of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is an axial sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is an axial sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • the intake air flow in the direction of the arrow in the suction tube 1, l and impinges against a baffle plate 2, 2' disposed normal to the direction of air flow and forming part of a pressure-responsive regulator member.
  • the air also flows past an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve 3, 3' and proceeds to the cylinders of an internal combustion engine, not shown.
  • the baffle plate 2 is disposed upstream of the butterfly valve 3, whereas in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5-9, the baffle plate 2 is disposed downstream of the butterfly valve 3'.
  • the baffle plate shown in phantom lines represents a position thereof in which the flow passage section is at a maximum.
  • the fuel is drawn from a tank 4, 4' by means of a continuously operating pump 5, 5' and is delivered through a filter 6, 6' to a schematically shown fuelmetering device 7, 7.
  • a pressure-limiting valve 8, 8' disposed in a return conduit. From the fuel-metering device 7, 7 there extend several fuel conduits 9, 9' to the fuel injection nozzles l0, 10' (only one shown).
  • the baffle plate 2, 2' is fixedly secured to one end of a guiding rod 11, 11' which is axially displaceably held in a sleeve 12, 12 mounted in the suction tube 1, 1' coaxially and stationarily with respect thereto.
  • the guiding rod ll, 11 is provided, at its end distal from the baffle plate 2, 2', with an axial blind bore which threadedly holds a coupling part l3, 13'.
  • the latter is provided with a deep annular groove 14, 14'.
  • a shaft 15, 15' Within the suction tube, perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis thereof, there is rotatably held a shaft 15, 15', the axis of which crosses at a distance that of the suction tube.
  • shaft 15, 15 there is fixedly connected a lever 16, 16' which, by means of a lug 17, 17, projects into groove 14, 14"0f the coupling part l3, 13.
  • a return spring l8, 18' To the lever l6, 16', between the shaft l5, l5 and the lug 17, 17, there is secured one end of a return spring l8, 18', which, with its other end, engages a setting lever 19, 19' pivotally supported by a stationarily held pin 20, 20'.
  • the setting lever 19, 19 is moved about the pivot 20, 20 by means of a temperature-dependent control element 21, 21'.
  • the force exerted by the latter is transmitted by means of a rod 22, 22' associated with a force accumulator 23, 23.
  • the lastnamed part of the suction tube is downstream of the butterfly valve 3 in the embodiments shown in FIGS. I4 and is upstream of the butterfly valve 3 in the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 5-9, as it will be described in more detail as the specification progresses.
  • the flow passage section of bypass 24, 24 is controlled by a piston 25, 25' which is displaced together with the rod 22, 22' and the force accumulator 23, 23.
  • the butterfly valve 3 has a support shaft 26 rotatably disposed in the suction tube diametrically thereof and provided, at the end outside the suction tube, with a cam 27 (FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the cam 27 is in contact with one end of a follower lever 28 which, in turn, is swingable about a fixed pivot 29.
  • a lever 27 (shown in plan view in FIG. 6) which, with a forked terminus, engages an annular groove of an axially displaceable actuating rod 30'.
  • the other end of the latter has a second annular groove into which there extends a fork of one arm of a bellcrank lever 28' swingably secured about a fixed pivot pin 29'.
  • the bellcrank lever 28, 28 engages, by means of a roller 31, 31, a frontal face of a three-dimensional cam 32, 32 which is axially displaceable on shaft 15, I5 against the force of a return spring 33, 33 but which is prevented from rotating relative to said shaft.
  • the threedimensional cam 32, 32' is in engagement with a follower roller 35, 35 mounted on a lever 34, 34 which is pivotally secured at one end and which, with its other end, actuates a pin 36, 36' of the fuel-metering device 7, 7.
  • lever 34' is stationary during normal engine operation, but is displaced by means of the temperature-dependent control element 21' through a bellcrank lever 38 and the extended rod 22' in order to deliver additional fuel quantities when the engine runs cold.
  • the three-dimensional cam is axially displaced on the shaft 15, 15' through shaft 26, 26', cam 27 (or lever 27' with the actuating rod 30'), bell crank lever 28, 28 and roller 31, 31'.
  • the fuel is metered dependent upon the flow rate of the air and upon the setting of the butterfly valve, through three-dimensional cam 32, 32', follower roller 35, 35', lever 34, 34', and follower pin 36, 36'.
  • the preload on the spring l8, 18' is varied by means of the temperaturedependent control element 21, 21'. If the engine is cold, the said preload is small; on the other hand, if the engine has reached the desired operational temperature, the return spring 18, 18 is tensioned (preloaded) to an increased extent resulting in a leaner fuel-air mixture. If the engine temperatures increase further, the spring 18,18 is not tensioned to a greater extent since the lever l9, 19, when the desired temperatures are reached, engages an abutment 37, 37. Subsequent to such engagement it is solely the force accumulator 23, 23 which takes up the expansion forces of element 21, 21. As soon as the desired operating temperatures are reached, the bypass 24, 24', affecting the fuel-air mixture, is closed by the piston 25, 25'.
  • the bypass 24, 24' is adapted to establish communication between those parts of the suction tube that are separated by the butterfly valve 3.
  • the pressure-responsive regulator member is exposed to an air quantity which is larger than that set by the butterfly valve 3.
  • an additional quantity of fuel-air mixture is delivered to the engine. This is particularly required because of the substantial frictional resistances prevailing in a cold engine.
  • the embodiments in which the regulator member is disposed downstream of the butterfly valve have, with respect to the other embodiments, the disadvantage that the shafts 15, 15 and 26, 26' are spaced relatively far from one another and require a linkage means 30'.
  • the embodiments according to FIGS. 5-9 have, however, the advantage that the regulator member, due to the pulsating air flow through the engine cylinders, is in continuous oscillation so that the guide rod 11 is moved substantially without hysteresis losses in the sleeve 12'.
  • the three-dimensional cam 32' should be designed for this range in such a manner that small displacements of the regulator member from its position of rest cause no change in the fuel quantities.
  • the pivotal point of the lever 34' is changed by means of the temperature-dependent control element through the bellcrank lever 38 and the rod 22.
  • the advantages of the fuel injection system according to the invention reside particularly in that by means of the combination of the pressure-responsive regulator member with the three-dimensional cam adapted to the engine characteristics, the fuel may be metered in a very accurate manner.
  • the desired mixture ratio in the individual operation ranges (full load, partial load, idling) may be set by controlling the preload of the return spring of the regulator member and controlling a bypass of the suction tube with the aid of temperature-dependent means in such a manner that a desired rich mixture is obtained when the engine runs hot.
  • a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines said system being of the known type that includes (A) a suction tube for drawing intake air, (B) an arbitrarily operable throttle means disposed in said suction tube for controlling the supply of said air, (C) a regulator member at least partially disposed in said suction tube and displaceable therein the response to the pressure of air, said regulator member, dependent upon the flow rate of air determined by said throttle means, varies a flow passage section in said suction tube, said regulator member, dependent upon said flow passage section and by virtue of its displacement, continuously meters fuel by actuating a variable fuel throttle through which the fuel flows with a constant pressure drop and (D) means supplying a return force exerted on said regulator member and opposing the displacement thereof by said pressure, the improvement comprising A. a fuel-metering device having a following member, the displacement of which determines the fuel quantities delivered by said fuel-metering device,
  • said means for varying the preload on said return force is a temperature-dependent control element
  • said improvement further includes A. a lever pivotable about an axis, said three-dimensional cam is connected with said follower member through said lever, said lever is operatively connected with said temperature-dependent control element and displaceable thereby to shift said last-named axis parallel to itself,
  • said regulator member includes A. a baffle plate disposed in said suction tube normal to the flow of said air therein,
  • said means supplying said return force is a spring
  • said means for varying the preload on said spring is a temperature-dependent control element; one end of said spring is attached to said lever, the other end of said spring is attached to an additional lever displaceable by said temperature-dependent control element for varying the preload on said spring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
US884206A 1968-12-14 1969-12-11 Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3613650A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1814848A DE1814848C3 (de) 1968-12-14 1968-12-14 Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschinen

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US3613650A true US3613650A (en) 1971-10-19

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US884206A Expired - Lifetime US3613650A (en) 1968-12-14 1969-12-11 Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines

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US (1) US3613650A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5123649B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (2) AT313643B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1814848C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2026172A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1297974A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE354097B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3710769A (en) * 1970-01-21 1973-01-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3777725A (en) * 1970-04-24 1973-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Means for varying the air-fuel ratio in a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3800769A (en) * 1970-06-17 1974-04-02 J Graffman Injector carburetor
US3866583A (en) * 1970-04-10 1975-02-18 Volkswagenwerk Ag Mixture control system for an internal combustion engine with controlled injection fuel
US3970065A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-07-20 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection pump control system
US4026259A (en) * 1974-09-19 1977-05-31 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injection device for mixture-condensing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines
US4132211A (en) * 1975-10-24 1979-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4193384A (en) * 1976-05-14 1980-03-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4214565A (en) * 1977-10-05 1980-07-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection apparatus
US5378411A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-01-03 Nippon Thermostat Co., Ltd. Automatic choke system for carburetor
US20050139800A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-06-30 Siegfried Deiss Butterfly valve unit
US11409894B2 (en) * 2013-10-18 2022-08-09 Holley Performance Products, Inc. Fuel injection throttle body

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2073074A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1969-12-09 1971-09-24 Nissan Motor
JPS62133915U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-02-17 1987-08-24
KR910001056Y1 (ko) * 1987-02-26 1991-02-21 미쯔비시 덴끼 가부시끼가이샤 기관의 흡기량 제어장치

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098202A (en) * 1934-04-03 1937-11-02 Detroit Lubricator Co Carburetor
US2128079A (en) * 1935-10-25 1938-08-23 Bailey P Dawes Carburetor
US2523798A (en) * 1944-12-14 1950-09-26 Bendix Aviat Corp Charge forming device
US2583406A (en) * 1948-04-06 1952-01-22 Lucien T Arnold Carburetor
US2774343A (en) * 1952-04-09 1956-12-18 Bendix Aviat Corp Choke control device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098202A (en) * 1934-04-03 1937-11-02 Detroit Lubricator Co Carburetor
US2128079A (en) * 1935-10-25 1938-08-23 Bailey P Dawes Carburetor
US2523798A (en) * 1944-12-14 1950-09-26 Bendix Aviat Corp Charge forming device
US2583406A (en) * 1948-04-06 1952-01-22 Lucien T Arnold Carburetor
US2774343A (en) * 1952-04-09 1956-12-18 Bendix Aviat Corp Choke control device

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3710769A (en) * 1970-01-21 1973-01-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3866583A (en) * 1970-04-10 1975-02-18 Volkswagenwerk Ag Mixture control system for an internal combustion engine with controlled injection fuel
US3777725A (en) * 1970-04-24 1973-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Means for varying the air-fuel ratio in a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3800769A (en) * 1970-06-17 1974-04-02 J Graffman Injector carburetor
US3970065A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-07-20 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection pump control system
US4026259A (en) * 1974-09-19 1977-05-31 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injection device for mixture-condensing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines
US4132211A (en) * 1975-10-24 1979-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4193384A (en) * 1976-05-14 1980-03-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4214565A (en) * 1977-10-05 1980-07-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection apparatus
US5378411A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-01-03 Nippon Thermostat Co., Ltd. Automatic choke system for carburetor
US20050139800A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-06-30 Siegfried Deiss Butterfly valve unit
US11409894B2 (en) * 2013-10-18 2022-08-09 Holley Performance Products, Inc. Fuel injection throttle body
US12203434B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2025-01-21 Holley Performance Products, Inc. Fuel injection throttle body

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5123649B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-07-19
DE1814848A1 (de) 1970-07-16
DE1814848C3 (de) 1975-03-20
GB1297974A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-29
AT313643B (de) 1974-02-25
AT304171B (de) 1972-12-27
SE354097B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-26
FR2026172A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-11
DE1814848B2 (de) 1974-08-01

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