US3611459A - Composite boat - Google Patents

Composite boat Download PDF

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Publication number
US3611459A
US3611459A US857855A US3611459DA US3611459A US 3611459 A US3611459 A US 3611459A US 857855 A US857855 A US 857855A US 3611459D A US3611459D A US 3611459DA US 3611459 A US3611459 A US 3611459A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gunwale
hull
boat
rim
inflatable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US857855A
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English (en)
Inventor
Derek W Sear
Ronald B Noad
Peter Frank Panter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dunlop Holdings Ltd
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Dunlop Holdings Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3611459A publication Critical patent/US3611459A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/06—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips
    • F16B5/0692—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining flexible sheets to other sheets or plates or to strips or bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/38—Keels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/24—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B7/00—Collapsible, foldable, inflatable or like vessels
    • B63B7/06—Collapsible, foldable, inflatable or like vessels having parts of non-rigid material
    • B63B7/08—Inflatable
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
    • C10G29/22—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
    • C10G29/24—Aldehydes or ketones
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/002—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings made of webs, e.g. of fabrics, or wallpaper, used as coverings or linings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B4/00—Shrinkage connections, e.g. assembled with the parts at different temperature; Force fits; Non-releasable friction-grip fastenings
    • F16B4/002—Shrinkage connections, e.g. assembled with the parts at different temperature; Force fits; Non-releasable friction-grip fastenings engaging or disengaging by means of fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/91—Use of a pneumatic action
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B3/00—Key-type connections; Keys

Definitions

  • Inflatable boats have the advantage of high impact resistance and stability but tend to be expensive to fabricate and prone to complete loss of buoyancy if punctured, unless expensive baflles are incorporated in the construction.
  • Such inflatable boats possess a further disadvantage in that their hydrodynamic shape is normally worse than a comparable rigid boat and thus they tend to be slower.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a boat which possesses the hydrodynamic virtues of a rigid hull together with the buoyancy and tendering ability of an inflatable boat.
  • a composite boat comprises a rigid hull having an inflatable gun- Wale attached to the rim of the hull in such a manner that over a major portion of the length of the gunwale a portion of the gunwale projects outboard of the rim of the hull, and at least the greater part of the gunwale volume lies above the rim of the hull.
  • a composite boat comprises a boat of the kind described in the preceding paragraph in which the entire inflatable gunwale is arranged to lie for at least part of its length outboard of the rim of the hull.
  • a composite boat of the kind described in the preceding paragraph comprises a cylindrical inflatable gunwale having a slightly arched shape arranged so that with the boat in an unloaded state the gunwale is for the greater part of its length completely above the rim of the hull considered in side elevation, the gunwale being at its greatest height above the hull rim in the mid-ship region of the hull.
  • the inflatable gunwales are preferably constructed with flexible air chambers contained within an outer shapeinducing protective covering of rubberised fabric.
  • the rigid hull may be fabricated from wood, plastic, metal or any other suitable material.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a composite boat according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of an inflatable gunwale showing various constructional details
  • FIGS. 3-6 are transverse cross-sectional views of various ways of attaching the inflatable gunwale to the boat hull;
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of a modified boat according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a transverse cross-sectional view on the line A-A of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is an end view of the stern of the boat shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of a further modified version of the boat shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a two-piece composite boat.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show two ways in which the two portions of the boat shown in FIG. 11 can be connected together.
  • a composite boat as shown in FIG. 1, comprises a rigid hull 1 of V-shaped plan form having conventional side walls 2, base 3 and transome 4 of marine plywood.
  • the pneumatic gunwale 5 is in two cylindrical sections 6 and 7 which converge towards, and are joined together at the prow 8.
  • a spray shield 9 is attached to the gunwale in the prow portion of the boat and supported at its rear edge 10 by a flexible rod (not shown) which is secured at its ends 12, 13 to the gunwale sections 6, 7 and encased in or otherwise attached to a hem 11 formed in the shield fabric.
  • the pneumatic gunwales each comprises a series of flexible air chambers 14, see FIG. 2, contained within a shape-inducing outer protective covering 15.
  • the outer protective covering of each gunwale section is fabricated, by stitching, from a single piece of nylon fabric coated on the exterior surface only with a chlorosulphonated polyethylene compound. This rubberised fabric is then attached along its two longitudinal edges 16, only one of which is shown in FIG. 2, to the rim of the rigid hull.
  • Each air chamber is provided with a valve 17 which protrudes through a hole 18 in the outer protective covering. This hole, which is provided with a cover 19, acts as a means of entry for the deflated air chamber.
  • a polyurethane foam filling 20 is used in place of the flexible air chambers.
  • the inflatable air chambers can also be introduced into the outer protective covering in any of various methods.
  • the longitudinal edges 16 of the protective covering 15 can be attached to the rim 21 of the hull by adhesive and reinforced by longitudinal rubberised fabric doublers 22 adhesively attached to the rim and outer protective covering, see FIG. 3.
  • An alternative way of attaching the covering is to produce the protective cover in a cylindrical form, see FIG. 4, and then attach longitudinal doublers 23 to the cylinder for mechanical or adhesive attachment to the hull rim 21.
  • a further alternative way of attaching the covering can be by means of an inflatable seal.
  • the rim 21 of the rigid hull, see FIG. 5, is provided with a dovetail cross-section female channel 24.
  • the outer protective covering of each inflatable gunwale section is provided on its lower surface with a corresponding flexible, inflatable, male locating member 25.
  • the male member may be an extruded tube formed from a synthetic elastomer and adhesively attached to the inflatable buoyancy tube.
  • This male member comprises a wider base portion 26 and a narrower hollow convoluted portion 27, see FIG. 6, which is of sufliciently small dimensions to pass between the converging edges 28 of the female channel section. When inflated the male member expands from the convoluted form shown in FIG. 6 to form a water-tight joint with the inner surface of the female member, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the assembled pneumatic gunwale 29 is in two cylindrical sections 30, 31 one for each side of the boat.
  • One end 32, 31 of each gunwale section is mechanically secured to one of two specially shaped portions 34, 35 of the transom 36, see FIG. 9.
  • Each specially shaped portion of the transom is arranged to embrace the inboard side of its respective gunwale section along a semi-circular arc of contact and support the gunwale section so that, at the point 34, 35 of mechanical attachment to the transom, the longitudinal axis 37, 38' of each gunwale section is substantially vertically above the widest part of the hull.
  • the gunwale sections are arranged so that their longitudinal axes 37, 38 are parallel to the longitudinal axis 39 of the boat for the rear half of their length and converge towards the prow in the front half.
  • the gunwale sections extend outside and overhang the hull.
  • the gaps formed between the gunwales and the hull are filled by two suitably shaped longitudinal rubberised fabric fillets 41, 42 known as doublers.
  • These doublers which serve as the means for locating the gunwale sections, are each constructed by placing two suitably shaped pieces of two ply rubberised fabric 43, 44 or other suitable material one on top of the other and sewing the two pieces of fabric together with a longitudinal row of stitches, shown at positions 45 in FIG. 8, arranged to follow a line parallel to the axis of the gunwale to which the doubler is to be fixed.
  • the longitudinal row of stitches is suitably positioned relative to the longitudinal edges of the fabric pieces to allow two adjacent longitudinal edges 46, 47 of the doubler, so formed, to be adhesively secured to the gunwale and the other two edges 48, 4 9 to be adhesively secured one on each side of the rim of the hull.
  • the arrangement described above has the advantage of giving more space within the boat, since the gunwale sections do not protrude within the hull except to a very limited extent at prow and stern.
  • the flexible attachment of the gunwales to the hull also provides additional shock absorption and reduces the effects of impacts due to slamming or travelling in rough water by allowing the hull to move freely relative to the gunwales.
  • a composite boat of otherwise identical construction to that described above, is provided with a cylindrical pneumatc gunwale 50 in two tapering and slightly arched sections 51, 52, one for each side of the boat.
  • the diameter of each gunwale section progressively increases from prow to stern, the arched shape of each gunwale section enabling the midship region 53, 54 of each section to be arranged at a higher level than the prow and stern portions of the section when the gunwale is attached to the boat hull.
  • Attachment of the gunwale sections to the hull is effected by means of a specially shaped transom 55 and fabric fillets 56, 57 exactly as described above.
  • This arrangement reduces the sag of the gunwale sections in the mid-ship region of the hull thus increasing the forward speed and maneuverability of the boat enabling tight turns to be executed without the risk of submersion of the gunwale on the inside of the turn.
  • the provision of a tapered gunwale section provides the additional buoyancy necessary to counteract the concentration of load of occupants and motor in the stern portion of the boat.
  • the flexible air chambers employed in the gunwale sections of any of the above embodiments can be fabricated from thin rubber sheet using overlapped seams or from latex using a dipping technique. They can also be manufactured from blow moulded or welded plastics.
  • any of the boats described above can be constructed in two transversely separated or hinged sections 61, 62, see FIG. 11, each section of the rigid hull terminating along its transverse mating edge in flanges 63, 64. These flanges are connected together by non-corroding nuts and bolts, as shown in FIG. 11, or by a syste of mechanical clamps or clips, two examples of which are shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • FIG. 12 shows a system in which a spring clip 65 engages two correspondingly transversely extending grooves 66 and 67 formed one in each flange 63, 64.
  • the clip 65 may extend continuously across the boat for the total length of the grooves 66 and 67 or may be in several spaced sections only engaging part of the total length of the grooves.
  • FIG. 13 shows a pair of interengaging resilient wire clips 68, 69 in which the head 70 of clip 68 must be depressed to disengage the loop 71 in clip 69 before the boat sections can be parted.
  • Several pairs of interengaging clips are normally employed at spaced locations along the mating flanges of the hull sections to be joined. In all the above arrangements adequate provision must be made to accommodate the inflatable gunwale sections when the rigid hull sections are disengaged or folded.
  • the kind of boat disclosed above can readily be fitted with an outboard motor and possesses the following prop erties.
  • the gunwale sections do not contact the water, they merely provide a spray deflector and very efiicient fender.
  • cornering however, the inside gunwale section becomes partially immersed. This then enables a tight turn to be executed without swamping or excessive heel, since the partially immersed gunwale produces an upward buoyancy force and at all times tends to ride on the surface of the water.
  • the boat therefore has the hydrodynamic advantage of possessing a rigid hull combined with the buoyancy and fendering ability of an inflatable craft.
  • a composite boat comprising:
  • a cylindrical inflatable gunwale attached to the upper rim of the upwardly extending side members and having a slightly arched shape arranged so that with the boat in an unloaded state the gunwale is for the greater part of its length completely above the rim of the hull considered in side elevation, the gunwale being at its greatest height above the rim in the midship region of the hull;
  • said boat being so constructed and arranged that the rigid members form a rigid displacement hull for supporting the boat in conventional manner and that over a major portion of the length of the gunwale member a portion of the gunwale member projects outboard of the upper rim of the hull side members and at least the greater part of the gunwale volume lies above the said upper rim of the hull side members.
  • a composite boat according to claim 1 including an outer protective covering over said gunwale attached along its longitudinal edges to the rim of the hull and reinforced by longitudinal doublers adhesively attached to the rim and outer protective covering respectively.
  • a composite boat according to claim 1 including an outer protective covering over said gunwale in cylindrical form and the covering is attached to the rim of the hull by longitudinal doublers attached to the cover and to the rim of the hull respectively.
  • a composite boat according to claim 1 wherein the hull is arranged to be divisible into at least two separate or hinged sections, the mating edges of each section being provided with corresponding flanges arranged to be detachably connected together.
  • a composite boat according to claim 1 wherein a doubler for securing the gunwale to the rim of the hull comprises two layers of suitably shaped material one on top of the other and sewn together by a longitudinal row of stitches arranged to follow a line parallel to the axis of the portion of the gunwale to which the doubler is to be fixed, the longitudinal row of stitches being suitably positioned relative to the longitudinal edges of the doubler so that two of the adjacent edges of the doubler can be secured one on each side of the rim of the hull.
  • a composite boat according to claim 1 comprising an outer protective covering of nylon fabric coated on its exterior surface with a chlorosulphonated polyethylene compound.
US857855A 1968-09-19 1969-09-15 Composite boat Expired - Lifetime US3611459A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4386369 1968-09-19
GB5136568 1968-10-30
GB964869 1969-02-22
GB2891469 1969-06-07

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US3611459A true US3611459A (en) 1971-10-12

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US857855A Expired - Lifetime US3611459A (en) 1968-09-19 1969-09-15 Composite boat

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US (1) US3611459A (fr)
FR (1) FR2018452A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1289361A (fr)
NL (1) NL6914145A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3694836A (en) * 1970-05-22 1972-10-03 Juan Duarry Serra Collapsible inflatable boat
US4498413A (en) * 1983-03-16 1985-02-12 Cochran William H Construction of rigid hull inflatable boat
US4660497A (en) * 1984-06-07 1987-04-28 Cochran William H Boltrope attachment of flexible hull portion to a rigid hull portion of an rib
US6460477B1 (en) 2000-09-28 2002-10-08 Wing Inflatables Sponson and rigid inflatable boat incorporating the same
US20040069203A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-15 Timothy Fleming Foam and inflatable collar assemblies for watercraft
US20040139904A1 (en) * 2003-01-16 2004-07-22 Mears Tony W. Inflating watercraft support device
US20160311502A1 (en) * 2013-12-12 2016-10-27 Mario GARGIULO Monocoque transparent boat with high stability

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2135940A (en) * 1983-01-03 1984-09-12 Hennebutte Georges B L Semi-rigid inflatable boat
US4938162A (en) * 1988-09-30 1990-07-03 Hanlon Frederick V Inflatable power catamaran
GB2277492A (en) * 1993-04-29 1994-11-02 Robert David Humphreys Semi-rigid inflatable boat

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3694836A (en) * 1970-05-22 1972-10-03 Juan Duarry Serra Collapsible inflatable boat
US4498413A (en) * 1983-03-16 1985-02-12 Cochran William H Construction of rigid hull inflatable boat
US4660497A (en) * 1984-06-07 1987-04-28 Cochran William H Boltrope attachment of flexible hull portion to a rigid hull portion of an rib
US6460477B1 (en) 2000-09-28 2002-10-08 Wing Inflatables Sponson and rigid inflatable boat incorporating the same
US20040069203A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-15 Timothy Fleming Foam and inflatable collar assemblies for watercraft
US20040139904A1 (en) * 2003-01-16 2004-07-22 Mears Tony W. Inflating watercraft support device
WO2004065201A2 (fr) * 2003-01-16 2004-08-05 Float Rail, Inc. Dispositif support gonflable destine a une embarcation
WO2004065201A3 (fr) * 2003-01-16 2005-02-10 Float Rail Inc Dispositif support gonflable destine a une embarcation
US20160311502A1 (en) * 2013-12-12 2016-10-27 Mario GARGIULO Monocoque transparent boat with high stability

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2018452A1 (fr) 1970-05-29
GB1289361A (fr) 1972-09-20
NL6914145A (fr) 1970-03-23

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