US3610792A - Safety device for gas apparatus - Google Patents

Safety device for gas apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3610792A
US3610792A US802600*A US3610792DA US3610792A US 3610792 A US3610792 A US 3610792A US 3610792D A US3610792D A US 3610792DA US 3610792 A US3610792 A US 3610792A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
flame
safety device
combustion chamber
burner tip
atmosphere
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US802600*A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roger Risse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LYON APPLIC CATALYTIQUES
SOC LYONNAISE DES APPLICATIONS CATALYTIQUES
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LYON APPLIC CATALYTIQUES
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Application filed by LYON APPLIC CATALYTIQUES filed Critical LYON APPLIC CATALYTIQUES
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Publication of US3610792A publication Critical patent/US3610792A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q9/00—Pilot flame igniters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P17/00—Metal-working operations, not covered by a single other subclass or another group in this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • F23N5/107—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples using mechanical means, e.g. safety valves

Definitions

  • a safety device for gas apparatus has a pilot flame at the base of a tube with a thermocouple close beside [52] US. Cl 31/76, the flame, Spaced above the flame is a metal grill not reached 23/23 /2 431122 by the flame when it burns in an atmosphere of normal com- [51 l lnt. position. when the air has a (K)2 content the flame i dis.
  • the present invention relates to a safety device for gas apparatus.
  • Safety devices having recourse to a pilot flame and fitted to apparatus functioning by gas have hitherto relied on one of the following three operational principles: flame extinction, angular deformation of the flame, and flame lengthening.
  • the pilot flame contacts the sensitive element of a thennocouple; the latter is then brought to a sufiicient temperature to deliver an electric current which, transmitted to an electromagnetic valve, enables the latter to be held in open position, which has the result of feeding normally with gas the apparatus that it is desired to control.
  • a safety device for gas apparatus having gas supply closure means, said device comprising a combustion chamber for a pilot flame, gas bypass means including a burner tip for supplying said pilot flame, said burner tip being located in a lower part of said combustion chamber, a thermosensitive element connected to said closure means and arranged laterally in immediate proximity to said burner tip so that it is exposed to the pilot flame, flame-retaining means arranged at a distance from the burner tip such that it is not reached by the flame when the latter burns in an atmosphere of normal composition, although when the atmosphere is vitiated, and in particular its C0, level increases, the flame is displaced by being detached from the burner tip and is caught on the flame retaining means so that it is spaced from the thermosensitive element which is thus less subject to radiation and, on cooling, actuates said closure means.
  • the safety device comprises a metastable pilot flame which can be located at the base of a tube, with a sensing element such as a thermocouple situated laterally in immediate proximity to the burner of said bypass so that it is contacted by the flame, is surmounted by a flame-retention means situated at a distance such that it is not reached by the said flame when the latter burns in an atmosphere of normal composition, while when the atmosphere is vitiated, and in particular if its C0, level increases, this flame is displaced by separating from the tip of the burner and by being positioned on the aforesaid flame retention means so that it is spaced from the sensitive element of the thermocouple which is thus less subjected to radiation and, in cooling, actuates the closure of the supply of the apparatus.
  • a sensing element such as a thermocouple situated laterally in immediate proximity to the burner of said bypass so that it is contacted by the flame
  • a flame-retention means situated at a distance such that it is not reached by the said flame when the latter burns in
  • the above-mentioned obstacle can be constituted by a-' crosspiece or any other suitable mechanical embodiment.
  • said tube is not of solid metal but is at least partly composed of a grill closing all the openings, of the same nature as a minerslamp which apparatus, as is conventionally known antideflagrating.
  • this device to a heating apparatus therefore confers additional qualities of safety, especially when it relates to an apparatus operating by catalysis, that is to say without a flame.
  • the flame in the case of a momentary mass of foul air, the flame separates and is displaced to become positioned on the flame retentionmeans but returns immediately to the burner tip as the mass has passed; since the flame is not extinguished there is therefore no untimely cut off by the electromagnetic valve in the case of a transient mass of foul air.
  • thermocouple When the ambient air is vitiated by an abnormal level of C0,and the flame is caught on the flame retention means its radiation does not influence the sensitive element of the thermocouple sufficiently, the latter cools quickly and this all the more since it is exposed to a flow of cold gas which flows between the tip of the bypass and the flame retention means the response of the system is therefore rapid.
  • thermocouple in the detection position (flame detached and caught on the flame retention means the shut-off actuated by the thermocouple cannot cause the total cut off of the gas supplying the apparatus, but simply reduces its flow rate to a value corresponding to idling operation off the apparatus. If one asumes that the ambient air returns to normal, the flame will thus take up its original position and, at this moment, the head of the thermocouple being reheated restores to the apparatus its full gas flow.
  • FIG. 1 represents one embodiment of the safety the position of normal operation
  • FIG. 2 shows the embodiment of HO. 1 in detection position
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the scheme of an installation using an embodiment of a safety device according to the invention, operating as a regulator on a catalytic heating apparatus.
  • metallic tube 1 closed at the bottom la and top lb to define a combustion chamber comprises an air-intake grill 2 and into which tube 1 is placed the nozzle 3 of a metastable bypass flame 4. Laterally, in' immediate proximity to this nozzle 3, is placed a sensitive thermocouple element 5.
  • a grill 6 which serves as a flame retention means and normally, is not reached by the said flame, and which grill 6 includes two rods 60 and 66 extending transversely of one another.
  • This tube comprises, obviously .a side gate (not shown enabling the lighting of the bypass flame.
  • FIG. 1 shows the position occupied by the flame when it is fed by ambient air of normal composition of oxygen; the grill 6 is not reached by this flame and he sensitive elementis periodically contacted by it, hence is heated and actuates the opening valve of the gas feeding the apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 shows the case of a regulator lay-out, that is to say with only partial closure.
  • thermosensitive element 5 is constituted by a bulb with capillary tube 8 controlling a thermostat 9 governing a valve 10 to which the gas is conducted from a bottle 11 with reducing valve 12 and stop cock 13 through a conduit 14.
  • This valve comprises two outlets l5 and 16 connected to a common conduit 17 and comprising two nozzles 18 and 19 of different diameters nozzle 18 corresponding to a gas flow for normal supply to a catalytic gauze 20, while nozzle 19 only enables a supply for idling operation of this gauze.
  • On the conduit 17 is connected the supply 21 to the nozzle 3 of the bypass.
  • a safety device for gas apparatus having gas supply closure means, said device comprising means defining a combustion chamber for a pilot flame, gas bypass means including a burner tip for supplying gaseous fuel for said pilot flame,
  • said burner tip being located in a lower part of said combustion chamber, a thennosensitive element connected to said closure means and arranged to laterally extend into said combustion chamber in immediate proximity of said burner tip so that it is exposed to the pilot flame, flameretaining means arranged in said combustion chamber and spaced above the burner tip such that it is free from contact by the flame when the latter burns in an atmosphere of normal composition, said flame-retaining means being spaced proximate said flame and remote from said thermosensitive element such that when the CO level of the atmosphere increases, the flame is displaced by being detached from the burner tip to be caught on the flame-retaining means within the combustion chamber so that is spaced remote from the thermosensitive element which is thus subjected to reduced radiation so as to undergo cooling and actuate said closure means, said flame-retaining means being constructed so that the passages therethrough are of adequate cross section to enable said pilot flame to return to the burner tip when an atmosphere of nonnal composition resumes.
  • a safety device according to claim 1, wherein the flameretaining means is a grill.
  • a safety device according to claim 1, wherein said combustion chamber is in the form of a tube.
  • a safety device according to claim 1, wherein said combustion chamber has openings to the atmosphere which are grilled.
  • thermosensitive element is a bulb thermostat.
  • a safety device according to claim 1, wherein gridded openings are provided in said combustion chamber.
  • a safety device wherein an opening in said chamber to the atmosphere is provided on each side of the grill, one said opening bein located in an up r part of the chamber to provide an outlet or burned gas an another said opening being located in the lower part of the chamber to enable air to flow into the chamber and pass over the thermosensitive element whereby it cools moore rapidly when the flame is displaced from the burner tip.
  • a catalytic heating apparatus including as a regulator a safety device as claimed in claim 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
US802600*A 1968-02-26 1969-02-26 Safety device for gas apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3610792A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR69049699 1968-02-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3610792A true US3610792A (en) 1971-10-05

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ID=9695140

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US802600*A Expired - Lifetime US3610792A (en) 1968-02-26 1969-02-26 Safety device for gas apparatus

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3610792A (fr)
AT (1) AT281357B (fr)
BE (1) BE722403A (fr)
CH (1) CH503953A (fr)
DE (1) DE1813806A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES359843A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR1563239A (fr)
GB (1) GB1225809A (fr)
LU (1) LU57098A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL144048B (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918880A (en) * 1973-04-16 1975-11-11 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Safety device for gas-consuming equipment
US4032286A (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-06-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Gas combustion device with safety device
US4221557A (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-09-09 Gas Research Institute Apparatus for detecting the occurrence of inadequate levels of combustion air at a flame
US4260363A (en) * 1979-03-05 1981-04-07 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Furnace fuel optimizer
US4561840A (en) * 1983-03-04 1985-12-31 Toyotomi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Safety device for oil burner
US5919035A (en) * 1996-03-19 1999-07-06 Rinnai Kabushiki Kaisha Cross flow type burner apparatus

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108032A3 (fr) * 1982-10-23 1985-01-09 Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. Dispositif de commande pour une source de chaleur chauffée au combustible
GB2165980A (en) * 1984-10-23 1986-04-23 Willey Robinson Ltd Safety device for gas supply
JPS62112922A (ja) * 1985-11-09 1987-05-23 Toyotomi Kogyo Co Ltd 燃焼器の安全装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2166104A (en) * 1935-08-26 1939-07-18 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Method and apparatus for indicating oxygen concentration in a gaseous medium
US2818246A (en) * 1955-09-30 1957-12-31 Connecticut Metal Treating Co Method and apparatus for determining and/or controlling constituent potentials
US3072468A (en) * 1957-12-18 1963-01-08 Ralph B Stitzer Method and apparatus for detecting changes in the heating quality of fuel gas-air mixtures and for precise control thereof
US3295585A (en) * 1965-07-12 1967-01-03 American Gas Ass Apparatus for sensing the composition of gases, and gas burner system employing same
US3307613A (en) * 1965-09-03 1967-03-07 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus
US3321001A (en) * 1964-07-11 1967-05-23 Antargaz Radiant heating devices
US3354931A (en) * 1963-01-15 1967-11-28 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Carbon dioxide detecting safety device for apparatus operating through catalysis of gaseous hydrocarbons

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2166104A (en) * 1935-08-26 1939-07-18 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Method and apparatus for indicating oxygen concentration in a gaseous medium
US2818246A (en) * 1955-09-30 1957-12-31 Connecticut Metal Treating Co Method and apparatus for determining and/or controlling constituent potentials
US3072468A (en) * 1957-12-18 1963-01-08 Ralph B Stitzer Method and apparatus for detecting changes in the heating quality of fuel gas-air mixtures and for precise control thereof
US3354931A (en) * 1963-01-15 1967-11-28 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Carbon dioxide detecting safety device for apparatus operating through catalysis of gaseous hydrocarbons
US3321001A (en) * 1964-07-11 1967-05-23 Antargaz Radiant heating devices
US3295585A (en) * 1965-07-12 1967-01-03 American Gas Ass Apparatus for sensing the composition of gases, and gas burner system employing same
US3307613A (en) * 1965-09-03 1967-03-07 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918880A (en) * 1973-04-16 1975-11-11 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Safety device for gas-consuming equipment
US4032286A (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-06-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Gas combustion device with safety device
US4221557A (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-09-09 Gas Research Institute Apparatus for detecting the occurrence of inadequate levels of combustion air at a flame
US4260363A (en) * 1979-03-05 1981-04-07 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Furnace fuel optimizer
US4561840A (en) * 1983-03-04 1985-12-31 Toyotomi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Safety device for oil burner
US5919035A (en) * 1996-03-19 1999-07-06 Rinnai Kabushiki Kaisha Cross flow type burner apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1225809A (fr) 1971-03-24
LU57098A1 (fr) 1969-01-27
AT281357B (de) 1970-05-25
NL6817783A (fr) 1969-08-28
NL144048B (nl) 1974-11-15
BE722403A (fr) 1969-04-01
CH503953A (fr) 1971-02-28
FR1563239A (fr) 1969-04-11
DE1813806A1 (de) 1969-09-04
ES359843A1 (es) 1970-06-16

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