US3608998A - Variable power endoscope - Google Patents

Variable power endoscope Download PDF

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Publication number
US3608998A
US3608998A US772522A US3608998DA US3608998A US 3608998 A US3608998 A US 3608998A US 772522 A US772522 A US 772522A US 3608998D A US3608998D A US 3608998DA US 3608998 A US3608998 A US 3608998A
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United States
Prior art keywords
optical system
lens
ocular
endoscope
intermediate image
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US772522A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Rinker
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Richard Wolf GmbH
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Richard Wolf GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19671566112 external-priority patent/DE1566112C/de
Application filed by Richard Wolf GmbH filed Critical Richard Wolf GmbH
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Publication of US3608998A publication Critical patent/US3608998A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2446—Optical details of the image relay
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
    • G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
    • G02B23/2438—Zoom objectives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to endoscopes, i.e., to the various kinds of well-known optical-medical instruments suitable for examining the interiors of body cavities.
  • this disadvantage of the known endoscopes is obviated by providing endoscopes with optical systems of variable magnifying power which are located at or near the ocular end of these instruments and thus may be adjusted to vary the magnification while these instruments are in operating position within the body of the patient.
  • an endoscope according to the present invention may be provided with an ocular or eyepiece of variable magnifying power.
  • one of the intermediate image-forming systems preferably the one located nearest the eyepiece, is replaced with a suitable optical system of variable magnifying power.
  • the field lens may be mounted for selective positioning in one of two different positions located on opposite sides of the ocular image plane, a different magnification corresponding to each of these positions.
  • Mounting means for maintaining a lens in either of two selected positions are well known in the art.
  • An ocular comprising a two-lens combination of continuously variable magnifying power may also be used in carrying out the present invention. As is well known in the art, the magnifying power of such a combination may be continuously varied by correspondingly continuously varying the spacing of the two lenses.
  • both of the lenses of the variable power lens system will be made displaceable.
  • an endoscope according to the present invention When an endoscope according to the present invention is to be used in conjunction with photographic apparatus for recording or documentary purposes, it is advisable to employ in such an endoscope, as the magnification varying element, either an ocular having two displaceable lenses, or a variable power lens system in place of one of said intermediate imageforming systems, since in these arrangements the magnifying power can be changed without changing the position of the exit pupil.
  • Some variable power optical systems which may be used to replace one of said intermediate image-forming systems have more than two displaceable lenses.
  • FIG. la represents the optical system'of an endoscope embodying the present invention having a displaceable ocular field lens wherein the ocular field lens is positioned to produce one of the magnifying powers obtainable in this system;
  • FIG. lb represents the optical system of the ocular of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. la when the ocular field lens is so located as to produce the other magnifying power available in this system;
  • FIG. It represents the lenses of the ocular of FIGS. la and lb;
  • FIG. 2a represents the optical system 'of an endoscope embodying the present invention having an ocular of continuously variable magnifying power when the displaceable lenses of,the ocular are so positioned as to provide one of the magnifying powers available with this system;
  • FIG. 2b represents the ocular portion of the optical system of FIG. 2a when the displaceable lenses'of the ocular are so positioned as to provide a value of magnifying power different from that provided when the displaceable lenses are positioned as shown in FIG. 2a;
  • FIG. 20 represents the lenses of the ocular of FIGS. Ia and FIG. 3a represents the optical system of an endoscope embodying the present invention in which the intermediate image-forming system nearest the ocular is of continuously variable magnifying power;
  • FIG. 317 represents the ocular of FIG. 30 when the displaceable lenses thereof are so adjusted as to provide a value of magnification different from that provided when the displaceable lenses are positioned as shown in FIG. 3a;
  • FIG. 3c represents the ocular of FIG. 3a when the displaceable lenses thereof are so adjusted as to provide a value of magnification different from that provide when the displaceable lenses are positioned as shown in FIGS. 3a and 312;
  • FIG. 3d represents the lenses of the variable-power intermediate image-forming system of FIGS. 3a through 3:.
  • FIGS. 1a and lb illustrate an endoscope optical system according to the present invention wherein the ocular field lens is positionable in two different positions to provide twovalues of magnification.
  • the optical data for variable power lens system of this embodiment are given in table I, the headings of which refer to the correspondingly designated elements of FIG. lc.As shown in FIGS. la and 1b, the reference character a designates the distance between the surface of the field lens nearest the objective and the vertex on the image side of the last member of the intermediate image-forming systems.
  • This system provides two different, predetermined magnifications which are related by the magnification factor 1.82.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate an endoscope optical system according to the present invention wherein two optical elements of the ocular are continuously displaceable to correspondingly continuously vary the magnification of the svstem.
  • the maenification factor relating to the magnifications available at the extremes of adjustment is 1.68.
  • the optical data for the variable power lens system of this embodiment are given in table 2, the headings of which are referred to the correspondingly designated elements of FIG. 2c.
  • FIGS.3a through 30 illustrate an endoscope optical system according to the present invention wherein the change in magnification is effected by displacement of two optical elements of the intermediate image-forming system located nearest the ocular.
  • the magnification factor relating the available magnifications at the extremes of adjustment is 1.73.
  • the optical data for the variable power lens system of this embodiment of the invention are given in table 3,the headings of which are referred to the correspondingly designated elements of of FIG. 3d.
  • a designates the distance between the vertex on the image side of the second member of the intermediate image-forming system nearest the ocular and the intermediate image plane.
  • m is the distance of the surface of the field lens on the side of the objective to the vertex on the image side of the last member of the intermediate imageproducing system.
  • I m designates the:distance between the vertex on the image side of the second member of the intermediate image-producing system and the intermediate image plane.
  • the mean values of the variable distances apply to a 1:1 image.
  • An endoscope including an intermediate image-forming optical system and an ocular optical system, said ocular optical system having variable magnifying power and being constructed according to the following table wherein all linear dimensions are given in millimeters, r through r represent the successive radii of curvature of the surfaces of the lens elements, commencing with the lens surface nearest the intermediate image-forming optical system, a, through a, representing the successive distances between the vertices of the lens surfaces measured along the axis of the ocular optical system, a, being the distance between the adjacent vertices of the most closely adjacent lenses of said systems, n denotes the index of refraction of the glasses of the lens elements, and vreprescnts the Abbe number of the glasses of the lens elements, the magnifications of said ocular optical system being related by a factor of 1.82, and the focal length j varying between 14.9 and 27.1 millimeters.
  • An endoscope including an intermediate image-forming optical system and an ocular optical system, said ocular optical system having variable magnifying power and being constructed according to the following table wherein all linear dimensions are given in millimeters, r through r represent the successive radii of curvature of the surfaces of the lense elements commencing with the lens surface nearest the interrnediate image-forming optical system, a, through a represent the successive distances between the vertices of the lens surfaces measured along the axis of the ocular optical system, a being the distance between the adjacent vertices of the most closely adjacent lenses of said systems, n denotes the index of retraction of the glasses of the lens elements, and v represents the Abbe number of the glasses of the lens elements the extreme magnifications of said ocular optical system being related by a factor of 1.68, and the focal lengthy varying between 9.86 and 16.53 millimeters.
  • An endoscope including an intermediate image-forming optical system and an ocular optical system, said intermediate image-forming optical system comprising a variable power system constructed according to the following table wherein all linear dimensions are given in millimeters, r, through r represent the successive radii of curvature of the surfaces of the lens elements commencing with the lens surface most remote from the eyepiece of the endoscope, a,, through a represent the successive distances between the vertices of the lens surfaces measured along the axis of the endoscope, a being the distance between the adjacent vertices of the lens of said variable magnifying power system which is most remote from the eyepiece of the endoscope and the lens most closely adjacent it, in the direction toward the objective, n denotes the index of refraction of the glasses of the lens elements, and v represents the Abbe number of the glasses of the lens elements, the extreme magnification factors of said variable power optical system being related by a factor of l.73.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
US772522A 1967-11-25 1968-11-01 Variable power endoscope Expired - Lifetime US3608998A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671566112 DE1566112C (de) 1967-11-25 1967-11-25 Optisches System variabler Ver großerung für ein Endoskop

Publications (1)

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US3608998A true US3608998A (en) 1971-09-28

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US772522A Expired - Lifetime US3608998A (en) 1967-11-25 1968-11-01 Variable power endoscope

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US (1) US3608998A (https=)
FR (1) FR1591690A (https=)
GB (1) GB1217939A (https=)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149769A (en) * 1977-09-20 1979-04-17 Richard Wolf Gmbh Endoscope telescopes with tubular connected ocular and objective lens means
DE2919205A1 (de) * 1978-05-15 1979-11-22 Olympus Optical Co Optisches system fuer harte endoskope
US4277133A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-07-07 Western Publishing Company Microscope
US4385810A (en) * 1979-02-19 1983-05-31 Karl Storz Contact endoscopy and micro endoscopy
US4664486A (en) * 1980-03-25 1987-05-12 Landre John K Variable magnification endoscope
US4666262A (en) * 1983-08-18 1987-05-19 Zobel Juergen Optical systems for endoscopes
US4704007A (en) * 1980-03-25 1987-11-03 Landre John K Variable magnification endoscope
WO1997037581A3 (en) * 1996-04-10 1998-01-15 Endoscopic Technologies Inc Improving visualization during closed-chest surgery
WO2009001300A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lens system
US20100039700A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2010-02-18 Uday Sankar Ghosh Portable magnifying instrument useful for colposcopy

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2489135A1 (fr) * 1980-09-03 1982-03-05 Metallisations Traitements Opt Systeme endoscopique a champ variable pour observation distale ou non distale

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1091933A (en) * 1912-08-20 1914-03-31 Optische Anstalt Goerz Ag Telescope with variable magnification.
US1680490A (en) * 1923-06-25 1928-08-14 Reinhold H Wappler Endoscope
US1995196A (en) * 1930-07-12 1935-03-19 Firm Georg Wolf G M B H Instrument for examining tubes and cavities in the human and other bodies
US2171360A (en) * 1935-12-20 1939-08-29 Barr & Stroud Ltd Telescope observation instrument
US2519760A (en) * 1949-02-16 1950-08-22 American Cystoscope Makers Inc Lens system for gastroscopes or the like
US2705490A (en) * 1949-08-05 1955-04-05 Zeiss Carl Microscope for the examination of living tissues in body cavities
US3178994A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-04-20 John W Lang Borescope

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1091933A (en) * 1912-08-20 1914-03-31 Optische Anstalt Goerz Ag Telescope with variable magnification.
US1680490A (en) * 1923-06-25 1928-08-14 Reinhold H Wappler Endoscope
US1995196A (en) * 1930-07-12 1935-03-19 Firm Georg Wolf G M B H Instrument for examining tubes and cavities in the human and other bodies
US2171360A (en) * 1935-12-20 1939-08-29 Barr & Stroud Ltd Telescope observation instrument
US2519760A (en) * 1949-02-16 1950-08-22 American Cystoscope Makers Inc Lens system for gastroscopes or the like
US2705490A (en) * 1949-08-05 1955-04-05 Zeiss Carl Microscope for the examination of living tissues in body cavities
US3178994A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-04-20 John W Lang Borescope

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149769A (en) * 1977-09-20 1979-04-17 Richard Wolf Gmbh Endoscope telescopes with tubular connected ocular and objective lens means
DE2919205A1 (de) * 1978-05-15 1979-11-22 Olympus Optical Co Optisches system fuer harte endoskope
US4300812A (en) * 1978-05-15 1981-11-17 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Optical system for endoscopes
US4385810A (en) * 1979-02-19 1983-05-31 Karl Storz Contact endoscopy and micro endoscopy
US4277133A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-07-07 Western Publishing Company Microscope
US4704007A (en) * 1980-03-25 1987-11-03 Landre John K Variable magnification endoscope
US4664486A (en) * 1980-03-25 1987-05-12 Landre John K Variable magnification endoscope
US4666262A (en) * 1983-08-18 1987-05-19 Zobel Juergen Optical systems for endoscopes
WO1997037581A3 (en) * 1996-04-10 1998-01-15 Endoscopic Technologies Inc Improving visualization during closed-chest surgery
US20100039700A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2010-02-18 Uday Sankar Ghosh Portable magnifying instrument useful for colposcopy
US8422130B2 (en) * 2007-03-28 2013-04-16 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Portable magnifying instrument useful for colposcopy
WO2009001300A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lens system
US20100171820A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2010-07-08 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lens system
CN101688972B (zh) * 2007-06-28 2012-08-29 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 透镜系统
US11119305B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2021-09-14 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Lens system

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Publication number Publication date
FR1591690A (https=) 1970-05-04
GB1217939A (en) 1971-01-06

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