US3604635A - Distributor for cone crushers and method - Google Patents
Distributor for cone crushers and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3604635A US3604635A US815783A US3604635DA US3604635A US 3604635 A US3604635 A US 3604635A US 815783 A US815783 A US 815783A US 3604635D A US3604635D A US 3604635DA US 3604635 A US3604635 A US 3604635A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- head
- distributor
- zone
- crushing
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
- B02C2/007—Feeding devices
Definitions
- This invention is in the field of cone crushers and is concerned with a method and apparatus for controlling, feeding, distributing and regulating the flow of material to the crushing cavity of a cone crusher.
- a primary object is an independently operable feeder and distributor for con'e crushers and the like.
- Another object is a method of distributing material to the crushing cavity of a cone crusher which insures maximum crushing efficiency.
- Another object is a feed distributor for cone crushers of the above type whichhas much greater life.
- Another object is a feed distributor and method for controlling the feed to cone crushers which greatly reduces maintenance and service'costs.
- Another object is a feed distributor which prevents segregation.
- Another object is a feed distributor which is specifically constructed for rapid repair.
- Another object' is a feed distributor of the above type which is practically wear-resistant.
- Another object is a feed distributor of the above type which may be completely fabricated and does not require any castings.
- Another object is a rotary feed distributor which does not require delicate balancing.
- Another object is a method of controlling and regulating the feed to a cone crusher which simultaneously eliminates segregation and wear.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical section of the upper portion of a crusher
- FIG. 2 is a top view, on an enlarged scale, of the feed distributor of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a section along line 33 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 the upper part of a cone crusher has been shown which normally includes a main frame, not shown, supported on a tilting ring 10.
- the tilting ring may be held in position by a plurality of springs, not shown, commonly referred to as a spring release, disposed about the crusher.
- a bowl 12 is screwthreaded into the tilting ring in a conventional manner and removably supports a liner 14 which defines a part of a crushing cavity 16 in cooperation with a mantle 18 supported on a suitable head 20which, in turn, is constructed to be gyrated about a focal point 22.
- the head swivels in a spherical socket, not shown, so as to be gyrated without being rotated.
- the mantle may be held in place through suitable lock rings and sleeves which areheld down by a head nut 24 above which is positioned an extension cap 26.
- the head nut and extension cap rise above the crushing cavity. They are more or less on a level with the feed cone or conic wall 28, which has or is-associated with a more or less cylindricalupper wall 30.
- the conic wall 28 is truncated or tapered inwardly in such fashion as to direct material to the crushing cavity 16. Where the crushing is carried' o'n between the members 14 and 18, crushing takes place inthe cavity 16.
- an upper crushing cavity 32 may be provided.
- Both cone liner 14 and mantle 18 are of ap limbate material to perform their crushing function. While a 'particular style of crusher has' been shown and described, it
- a feed distributor indicated generally at 34, delivers material to be crushed from above by a distributor element, to be described in detail hereinafter.
- the feed distributor is considered to be generally coaxially mounted with the upright main axis of the crusher.
- the basic object of the feed distributor is to prevent the segregation of material in the crushing cavity, meaning that all or substantially all of the fine material will go to one side or all or substantially all of the coarse material will go to the other, which will result in pounding, uneven wear, and inefficient overall operation of the crusher.
- Suitable support posts 36 mounted on the crusher frame support a cross or top platform 38, which in turn supports the feed distributor.
- the distributor is suspended or extends downwardly from the top plate or platform 38 and is employed to discharge or distribute material in a generally lateral direction or plane at a point within, above and aligned with the feed cone 28 and its upper wall 30.
- the material to be crushed is initially fed into a rotary unit 40 which may be the same in detail as any one of those shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,212,720, issued Oct. 19, 1965; U.S. Pat. No. 3,358,935, issued Dec. 19, 1967; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,384,215, issued May 21, 1968, all assigned to the present assignee.
- a belt drive 42 or the like may be employed connected to a drive motor 44 which may be electric, hydraulic or otherwise, to rotate the distributor.
- the motor drive is totally separate from whatever source of power is used to gyrate the crushing head so that the distributor may be set at a rate of distribution which is totally independent of the crushing rate, or it may be coordinated to it.
- the details of the motor, drive, and rotary element 40 will not be shown or explained in detail as they may be the same as in the above referred to patents. It will be understood that a suitable tube 46 or passage extends down through the middle of the rotary element 40 so that material will be supplied from any suitable feed mechanism down to and along the general central axis of the crusher into the distributor itself.
- Particles of mixed size, to be reduced are fed into the upper end of the distributor 34.
- the particles so fed are delivered by gravity downwardly through tube 46 into the distributor or mixing chamber.
- the distributor itself may be in the form of an attachment suitably bolted or otherwise connected to he rotary element and may have a flange 48 or the like at its upper end with suitable bolt holes 50 so that it may be detachably connected to the rotary element in any suitable manner.
- the distributor itself may be a prefabrication. It may have a circular wall 70 open in front at 72 and a flat bottom 74 with general parallel sidewalls 76.
- the opening or outlet 72 is free and unencumbered except as otherwise described.
- the sides 76 and rear curvilinear wall 70 may be all one piece or may be separate and welded at their abutting edges as at 78. They may all be connected to an upper annular plate 80 with suitable reinforcements 82 at desired intervals. All connections may be made by welding.
- the bottom plate may be generally flat and more or less horizontal and may contain a grate orgrill 84 composed of a plurality of laterally disposed bars 86, shown in this case as three, generally equally spaced across and suitably welded to the upper surface of the bottom plate. Whilethey have been shown generally parallel and equally spaced, they might be inclined or divergent somewhat depending upon the results desired. The bars have a tendency to collect material and to build up a dead bed or pad of material which will, de-
- the bars 86 tend to build up material behind them and, therefore, create the dead bed.
- the area, in FIG. 3, to the right of the centerline, generally designated 90, will be on the reverse side of the distributive effect of centrifugal force and the material collected in the pocket will be held against the closed wall 70.
- the height of the distributor, from the bottom surface 74 to the inlet 46 is dimensioned such that'the free flow of material through the distributor, along its arcuate path, after the dead bed of material has been formed, will not be impeded.
- the outlet72 will have a certain cross section which should be, in no event, less than the cross section of the inlet 46.
- Reinforcements 94 may be positioned under the top plate 80 to join the top of the cylindrical wall to the top plate.
- Each of the side plates 76 may be provided with a removable wear plate 96 which may be bolted, welded, or otherwise suitably connected to shield or guard the front open end or outlet of the mixing chamber.
- the feed to the crushing cavity be made up of a certain proportion and distribution of coarser particles and finer particles to prevent segregation and uneven crushing. It is quite important that segregation does not take place and that a thorough intermixing of coarse and fine particles should be delivered and distributed to the crushing cavity on a uniform cyclical basis. The thorough intermixing of particles of different sizes should be maintained and distributed to the crushing cavity on a uniform basis.
- the material coming to a crusher is normally delivered by a conventional conveyor belt and the particles have a tendency to segregate as they fall into the open top of the crusher, the coarse particles going to one side and the fine particles to the other. This will result in an uneven crushing action around the annular crushing cavity with the majority of work being done on one side.
- the crusher On the sides where the fines collect, the crusher will have a tendency to pound, which can cause spring bolt breakage and uneven wear on various frame parts. Further, this can result in uneven wear of the replaceable wearing elements, the mantle and liner, so that while one side of the mantle and liner may have very little or a minimum amount of wear, the other side may be considerably worn.
- the distributor takes the form of an independently driven unit which is freely located more or less directly above the crushing head and aligned generally with it in a vertical direction.
- the distributor is located above and out of contact with the head.
- the distributor has its own independent drive and may be independently set at a suitable rate dependent upon operating conditions, the material being crushed, maintenance conditions, etc.
- the material is fed down through a chute or tube.
- the material enters the distributor and turns about 90 and is discharged at a side opening in a centrifugal or tangential motion. Any tendency on the part of the material entering the distributor to segregate is counteracted and prevented, first, by the chamber itself and, second, by the change in direction.
- the outlet from the distributor also has a cross-sectional area which is at least as great and preferably greater than the inlet so that the distributor, in and of itself, does not create a restriction or bottleneck.
- the chamber in the distributor has a grate or grid or bar formation which will trap or retain a certain amount of material.
- One of the problems in the past has been that the material falling through the distributor will rapidly wear any exposed metal surfaces, particularly where the material is highly abrasive. While prior distributors have worked very well and have improved the overall crushing efficiency of the machine, in certain instances their life has been very short and frequent repairs and replacements have been required due to the material wearing out the exposed metal parts of the distributor.
- the present arrangement has the advantage that a bed of material will be built up more or less in the bottom of the distributor so that thereafter the material coming through the inlet, turning and being discharged through the outlet, will flow basically across a bed or pad of material rather than the metal plates of the distributor.
- the formation has been shown as a series of lateral bars which are disposed more orless at 90 to the direction of flow of the material.
- a bed will build up in the distributor and will stay there.
- the bed might tend to cause a restriction at an angle of, say, 45, between the inlet and outlet. But the distribution and proportioning of parts is such that this throat, wherever it occurs, does not present a cross-sectional area less than the. inlet. It is important that the height of the distributor outlet be such that a restriction will not occur. While the total flow area of the outlet may be adequate, a restriction will occur if the vertical height of the outlet is not adequate.
- the distributor takes the form generally of a cylinder which is deep enough so that on the nondischarge side a deep pocket or a reservoir is provided to accumulate an arcuate bed or material that thereafter is held in place by centrifugal force and fully protects the interior of the distributor against abrasion.
- the unit can be made of simple plates welded together with replacement wear plates lining each side of the outlet. It requires no castings and a minimum of machining, if any, and is very inexpensive while providing long service with a minimum of maintenance.
- the dead pocket held in place by centrifugal force insures the proper turn of material between the inlet and outlet, and at the same time does not restrict or form a bottleneck to the free flow of material through the distributor.
- the highly desirable if not essential function of preventing the separation of coarse and fine particles is not inhibited by the centrifugal pocket.
- the wear resistant characteristics of the unit in no way impede or prevent it from eliminating segregation.
- the outlet is at an angle and is radially spaced outwardly from the center of the crusher and distributor. So all of the material must change direction in the course of which the coarse and fine particles are thoroughly and completely interspersed as they leave the distributor. There is absolutely no opportunity for the particles to segregate themselves between coarse and fine in the crushing zone. Thus all portions of the crushing cavity will receive a fully intermixed supply of material which will result in uniform crushing action throughout and an even wear throughout the entire circumference of the crushing cavity.
- the unit rotates and, depending upon the direction of rotation, the material, in leaving the outlet of the distributor, will have a tendency to be thrown against one sidewall of the distributor. It may be desirable for the dead bed of material to also rise along either one or both sidewalls in which case the bars that make up the grate or grill extend partially or totally along the inside of the walls or wear plates.
- a crusher having a gyrated head with power means for gyrating it, a frame, a bowl mounted on the frame and defining, with the gyrated head, a crushing cavity, a feed distributor above the head, said feed distributor including a generally cylindrical chamber with an upper intake opening generally concentric with the axis of the head and an outlet spaced substantially downwardly from the intake and radially outwardly from the axis of the head, said chamber having an unencumbered depth such that the accumulation of material therein opposite the outlet will leave an angular passage with a cross section at least as great as the intake opening, and separate power means for rotating the feed distributor about the axis of the head without gyratory motion.
- the structure of claim 1 characterized in that the feed distributor includes an internal formation constructed to retain a certain bed of material to prevent abrasion of the distributor without restricting the flow of material between the intake opening and the outlet.
- a feed distributor adapted to be mounted above the crushing cavity having a generally cylindrical chamber with an upper intake opening generally aligned axially with the head but spaced upwardly from the head, said feed distributor including an open interior with a depth such that material will accumulate therein and will provide an open angular passage with a cross section at least equal to the intake opening, means for rotating the distributor without gyratory motion about the axis of but independent of the movement of the head, and an outlet spaced substantially radially outwardly and downwardly from the intake opening.
- a method of operating a crusher which includes gyrating a crushing head within a crushing zone, traversing a downwardly and outwardly extending feed zone about the axis of the crusher head without gyratory motion while feeding material to the upper end of the feed zone generally along the axis of the head retaining a quiescent bed of material in the feed zone to prevent abrasion thereof without restricting the flow of material therethrough, effecting the majority of the material retention in the quiescent bed of material by centrifugal force, and discharging the material from the lower, outer end of the feed zone, while carrying the lower outer end of the feed zone above and about the crushing cavity at a generally uniform rate.
- a method of feeding material to a gyratory crusher which has a gyrating crushing head and an overhanging bowl defining an annular crushing cavity with an upright axis, including the steps of feeding the material to be crushed to a position generally axially aligned with and above the crushing cavity, allowing the material to fall by gravity through an inlet into a distribution zone positioned above the crushing cavity and free of the crushing head, prohibiting the flow of material out of the distribution zone with a circumferential wall defined about an axis lying generally on the axis of the crushing cavity,
- the method of claim 6 further characterized by and including the step of blocking the bottom of the outlet to a limited vertical extent so that the material will back up on the bottom of the discharge zone.
- the structure of claim 4 further characterized by and including wear plates on the inside wall of the cylindrical chamber on each side of the outlet to prevent wear on the trailing side of the outlet, as defined by the direction of rotation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US81578369A | 1969-04-14 | 1969-04-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3604635A true US3604635A (en) | 1971-09-14 |
Family
ID=25218809
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US815783A Expired - Lifetime US3604635A (en) | 1969-04-14 | 1969-04-14 | Distributor for cone crushers and method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3604635A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4651933A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1987-03-24 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Cone crusher |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2509919A (en) * | 1947-08-04 | 1950-05-30 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Method of reduction by attrition |
US2621860A (en) * | 1949-09-01 | 1952-12-16 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Feed plate for gyratory crushers |
US2971705A (en) * | 1956-07-27 | 1961-02-14 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Gyratory crushers |
US3212720A (en) * | 1963-11-18 | 1965-10-19 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Centrifugal feed unit for crusher and method |
US3358939A (en) * | 1965-08-11 | 1967-12-19 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Feeder for cone crushers and the like |
US3384215A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1968-05-21 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Feeders for crushers and the like |
US3446444A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-05-27 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Rotary crusher feeding aid |
US3506203A (en) * | 1967-10-16 | 1970-04-14 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Feed distributor for crusher |
-
1969
- 1969-04-14 US US815783A patent/US3604635A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2509919A (en) * | 1947-08-04 | 1950-05-30 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Method of reduction by attrition |
US2621860A (en) * | 1949-09-01 | 1952-12-16 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Feed plate for gyratory crushers |
US2971705A (en) * | 1956-07-27 | 1961-02-14 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Gyratory crushers |
US3212720A (en) * | 1963-11-18 | 1965-10-19 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Centrifugal feed unit for crusher and method |
US3358939A (en) * | 1965-08-11 | 1967-12-19 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Feeder for cone crushers and the like |
US3384215A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1968-05-21 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Feeders for crushers and the like |
US3446444A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-05-27 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Rotary crusher feeding aid |
US3506203A (en) * | 1967-10-16 | 1970-04-14 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Feed distributor for crusher |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Nordberg Gyradisc Bulletin No. 22 B, 3 pages unnumbered Nordberg Mfg. Co., 1954, Copy in group 320, class 241, sub. 202 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4651933A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1987-03-24 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Cone crusher |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2509920A (en) | Feeding device for gyratory crushers | |
US2149571A (en) | Hammer mill | |
US2147833A (en) | Crushing mill | |
KR101773853B1 (en) | a crushing apparatus of rotary type | |
JP2023015281A (en) | mill | |
WO1993002797A1 (en) | Fluidized impact mill | |
US4162767A (en) | Impacting crusher with variable flow feed distributor | |
US4326676A (en) | Reciprocating infeed tube for centrifugal impact rock crusher | |
US3212720A (en) | Centrifugal feed unit for crusher and method | |
US2919864A (en) | Centrifugal pulverizer | |
US3404846A (en) | Autogenous grinding mill | |
US3078049A (en) | Mill and process for autogenous grinding of friable material | |
US3604635A (en) | Distributor for cone crushers and method | |
US3957213A (en) | Gyratory crusher with material distribution means | |
US3358939A (en) | Feeder for cone crushers and the like | |
US3604636A (en) | Cone crusher feed distributor and method | |
US4513919A (en) | Feed arrangement for a centrifugal rock crusher | |
US1955960A (en) | Pulverizing machine | |
US4577806A (en) | Impeller assembly for an impact crusher | |
US4579290A (en) | Convertible centrifugal rock crusher | |
US6926216B2 (en) | Material crusher | |
US3258211A (en) | Crusher apparatus | |
US3170645A (en) | Crusher apparatus | |
US1592313A (en) | Gyratory cone crusher | |
US3995814A (en) | Impact disintegrator |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: REXNORD INC. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:REX CHAIN BELT INC.;REEL/FRAME:004713/0513 Effective date: 19850905 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NORDBERG INC., A CORP. OF DE,WISCONSIN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:REXNORD INC.;REEL/FRAME:004834/0102 Effective date: 19880126 Owner name: NORDBERG INC., 3073 S. CHASE AVE., MILWAUKEE, WI 5 Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:REXNORD INC.;REEL/FRAME:004834/0102 Effective date: 19880126 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE, MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NORDBERG, INC., A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004930/0280 Effective date: 19880729 Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE, 100 FEDERAL ST Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NORDBERG, INC., A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004930/0280 Effective date: 19880729 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE, 100 FEDERAL ST Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:NORDBERG, INC., 3073 SOUTH CHASE AVE., MILWAUKEE, WI 53207, A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005060/0994 Effective date: 19890308 |