US360377A

US360377A - Electric-arc lamp

Info

Publication number: US360377A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1887-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 1904-03-29

Description

(No Model.) 7

W. A. OROWDUS & HIM. SUTTON.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 360,377. Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

N. PETERS. PhulmLilhug -uplmn waunn m. n.c.

UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER GROlVDUS AND HENRY-M. SUTTON, OF DALLAS, TEXAS.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 360,377, dated March 29, 1887.

Application filed October 1, lS'EG. Serial No. 215,059. (No model.)

scribed and claimed an improvement in electric-arc lamps, whereby the electric current,

when the carbons arein contact, is divided between the main-coil or solenoid circuit and a cut-out circuit, the inductive action on a vertically-moving corelocated within the solenoid then being sufficient to impart an initial movement to the core, which breaks the cut-out circuit. The whole of the current is thus caused to flow through the main-coil circuit, the action on the core then being such as to further raise it and cause a clutch carried thereby to lift the upper-carbon rod and establish the are between the carbons.

The invention forming the subject-matter of this application embraces the same principle of operation by means of a differentiallywound hollow, electro-magnet having the cutout resistance-circuit also Wound thereon, and an iron armature fitted to move freely within the magnet and provided with a clutch for actuating the upper-carbon rod, which slides through the core. 7

This invention also embraces improved means for utilizing a part of the magnetic field of the electro-magnet to act as a retarding medium or a brake to the carbonholder, which consists of a system of gear-wheels provided with a ratchet and pawl, as in the corresponding device of our before-mentioned application, actuated from rack-teeth cut in the side of the upper-carbon rod, on the last spindle of which is adjustably secured a disk of soft iron or other magnetic material, so located as to bewithin the influence of the magnetic field of one end of the electro-magnet. The retarding action on this disk by induction is such as to hold up the carbon rod through the medium of the train of gears as long as the electric arc is of normal working length; but

upon the weakening of the magnetism, due to variation in the arc, the retarding influence on the disk is lessened,'allowing it to be rotated by the carbon rod as it falls tobring the arc to its normal working resistance. The action of this brake or retarding-disk, influenced simply by the lines of force of the magnetic field, is so delicate that the feed-controlling device responds immediately to the slightest changes in the arc.

The holder for the lower carbon consists of a screw-jointed tube, in which the carbon is held by a clamping-screw, and is provided with two flanges adapted to clamp the tube in an opening formed in the lower part of the lamp, thus constituting a simple and effective means for setting the lower carbon; but, to describe our invention more particularly, we will now refer to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a central vertical section of our improved arc-lamp. Fig. 2 is a side View of the upper part of the lamp, showing the frame in section. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same cut on the line mm, Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a plan view of the lower-carbon holder.

at and a are the side rods, screwed into the ring I) at their lower ends, and connected by insulated joints to the plate 0 at their upper ends. This plate 0 is fastened to the top plate, 0, by the posts 0' c and the casing or cover d fits over the'plates cand c, and is held up by screws passing into the posts 0 c". The tube d screws into a neck on the plate 0.

The upper-carbon-holding rod 6, to which is secured the carbon e, passes centrally through the operating mechanism of the lamp,

comprising the hollow iron armature f and the iron core of the electro'magnet provided with iron heads g 9 On this iron core is wound the main coil g, included inthe arc-circuit. To the lower end of the armature f is connected the clutch by which the carbon rod e is raised, constructed and operating in a manner similar to that described incur beforementioned application, and consisting of a split tube, p, disks 3 and i spring '5, and adjusting-screws i 13*.

The fine-wire differential coil f is placed in this lamp on the iron core 9 of the electromagnet, and is shown wound partlyinside and partly outside the main coil 9. The cut-out circuit j, which is equal in resistance to the main coil, is also placed on the outside of the main coil, and one end is joined to the insulated block j, carried by the armature f, and the other end by line It to the binding-post 7a, which is fastened to the plate a by an insulated connection. with the disk i which is electrieall y connected to the plate 0 of the frame, the flexible cord 0 joining said plate to the carbon-holder e. The other binding-post, Z, is connected electrically to the frame by being secured to the plate 0. The main coil g is placed in the arc-circuit by its end 9, joined to the rod a, and its other end to the wire it; and the fine-wire differential coil f is connected so as to be permanently in circuit by being joined to the disk i and the wire k. By this arrange ment of the various coils, which are connected in their respective circuits to induce similar polarities at their adjacent ends, the magnetic action on the armature f, the operation of the clutch carried thereby, and the manner in which the cutout circuit is made and broken will be fully understood, it being bornein mind that control ofthe upper carbon, when feeding to maintain the are constant, is had by means independent of the arc-forn1 ing clutch, which means in this lamp consists of the soft-iron disk 0, secured to the lastshaft of a'system of gear-wheels, m m m a if a, the first wheel, m, of which meshes into a rack formed on the side of carbon holding rod 6. The gears of this system operate as in the similar system shown in our before-mentioned applicationviz,, the ratchet-wheel m allows the carbon rod 0 to be raised,either manually or by the core f of the magnet, without imparting motion to any wheels in the system other than the wheel at and ratchet-wheel m; but all the wheels, with the retarding-disk 0, are caused to rotate when the carbon rod 6 falls. This disk 0 is located, as shown, with one of its faces opposed to the edge of the upper iron flange, g", of the electro-n1agnet,and is thus always under the influence of the magnetic field; and to provide for adjusting it within the part of the field which will exert sufficient retarding or holding power thereon to uphold the upper carbon when the arc is burning normally, it is secured to the last shaft, n", of the train of gears by the set-screw 0, passing through its hub.

\Vhen the disk 0 is properly adjusted, the least decrease of intensity of the magnetic field, due to an increase of resistance in the are, allows the disk to be gradually rotated by the weight of the upper carbon and its rod until the magnetic field again reaches its normalintensity.

When the carbons are consumed nearly to the holders, the descent of the upper-carbon rod e beyond a certain point is prevented by leaving the upper part ofthe rod plain without The block makes contact rack-teeth,so that the last tooth becomes locked in the wheel m. The are then becoming abnormally long, the core f will fall its full distance,bringing the insulated block j in contact with the disk i and thus short-circuit thearc by allowing the current to pass through the out out circuitj'.

The holder for the lower carbon, consists of a tube, q, provided with a flange, q, arranged to bear against the lower side of the ring 1), its main portion, in which the carbon is held by the thumb-screw q", projecting below the lamp-frame. Another flange, 1', provided with a screwthreaded neck, rests on the top of the ring I), with its threaded neck fitting into the top ofthe tube (1. The tube (1 has considerable play in the ring'b, thus permitting the carbon 1) to be placed directly under the carbon '6. It is rigidly held in position by simply rotating it, and thereby drawing the flanges q and r together. The adjacent surfaces of the flange r and ring I) are preferably roughened or corrugated to prevent the flange from rotating.

Having now described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an G16Ci31l(3-tl0 lamp, in combination, an electro magnet, three electrical circuitwires wound thereon, one constituting the main coil included in the arc-eircuit, one of fine wire forming the differential coil always in circuit in shunt around the are, and the other in a cut-out circuit having a circuit breaker, and an armature actuated by the electric-magnet, provided with a clutch for forming the arc, and arranged to operate the circuit-breaker of the cut-out circuit, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, a vertical hollow cored electro-magnet, a 1101- low cylindrical armature fitted to move freely therein, a carbon-holding rod sliding freely through the armature, a clutch carried by the armature and caused to grip the rod when the armature is raised, a fine-wire coil wound differentially, a coarse-wire coil included in the arc-circuit, and a coil in a cut-out circuit whose resistance is about equal to that of the main coil, all three circuits being placed over the iron core of the clectro-magnet, and a circuit-breaker in the cutout circuit, one part of which is carried by the armature, and the cut-out circuit closed thereby after the clutch carried by the armature is caused to release the carbon rod, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the actuating electro-magnet, the arma tnre-eore provided with a clutch, the carbonholder passing through the armature-core,and a train of gears connected thereto so as to rotate therewith, of an iron disk secured to one of the axles of the train of gears and located within the field of the electro-magnet with one of its sides facing one of the heads of the magi Signed at Franklin, county of Simpson, net and acting as a brake to retard the feed State of Kentucky, this 17th day of Septem- 15 of the carbon rod, substantially as set forth. ber, 1886.

4. In an electric-arc lamp, in combination, XVALTER A. OROWVDUS. 5 the hollow electro-magnet g g the hollow Witnesses:

. core f, provided with a clutch at its lower A. T. BRADLEY,

end, the carbon-holding rod 0, carried by said \V. BEALL. clutch, the train of gearwheels driven by rack- Signed at Dallas, county of Dallas, State of teeth on the rod 0, and the iron disk 0, ad- Texas, this 13th day of September, 1886.

i0 justably connected to one of the shafts of the HENRY M. SUTTON.

train of gears and located with one of its sides Witnesses: facing the head 9 of the electro-magnet, sub- 0. F. ORUTOHER,

i L. R. WRIGHT.

.stantially as set forth.