US3602867A - Layer resistance unit for voltage dividers - Google Patents

Layer resistance unit for voltage dividers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3602867A
US3602867A US779010A US3602867DA US3602867A US 3602867 A US3602867 A US 3602867A US 779010 A US779010 A US 779010A US 3602867D A US3602867D A US 3602867DA US 3602867 A US3602867 A US 3602867A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
resistors
resistance
layer
main
wiper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US779010A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Kohler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Preh GmbH
Original Assignee
Preh GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19671665397 external-priority patent/DE1665397A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19681665413 external-priority patent/DE1665413A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19681765152 external-priority patent/DE1765152A1/de
Application filed by Preh GmbH filed Critical Preh GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3602867A publication Critical patent/US3602867A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/22—Adjustable resistors resistive element dimensions changing gradually in one direction, e.g. tapered resistive element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/16—Adjustable resistors including plural resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/16—Adjustable resistors including plural resistive elements
    • H01C10/20—Contact structure or movable resistive elements being ganged
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/46—Arrangements of fixed resistors with intervening connectors, e.g. taps
    • H01C10/48—Arrangements of fixed resistors with intervening connectors, e.g. taps including contact movable in an arcuate path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/22—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for trimming

Definitions

  • Kozma AnorneyStowell & Stowell ABSTRACT A layer resistance unit for voltage dividers adapted particularly for tuning or adjusting high frequency circuits capacitance diodes, said unit comprising series-connected main resistance elements at least some of which are connected in parallel with a side resistor and the latter being adapted to be varied so as to adjust the resistivity of the resistance unit to a desired characteristic, said main resistance elements and said side resistors being interconnected by conducting transverse or cross strips of conducting material. Said side resistors are adapted to have their resistance varied by progressively reducing the width of their current conductive layer surface. At least one main resistor having in addition to its side resistor connected to it in parallel a further layer resistance, all resistance layers of the unit i.e. main resistors, side resistors and parallel resistors having the same specific surface resistivity.
  • JOSEF KCSHLER ATTORNEYS PATENTED was] I971 SHEET 3 OF 3 'IIIIIII4 lnvenior: JOSEF KHLER 7 YZZZZUKQ A TORNEYS LAYER RESISTANCE UNIT FOR VOLTAGE mvnmns SPECIFICATION
  • the invention relates to a layer resistance unit for ohmic voltage dividers in which the wiper current is very small and in which the predetermined voltage characteristic curve has to be maintained within very close tolerances.
  • Such voltage dividers have wide and varied application in the measuring, control and communication technique.
  • a comparatively new and large field of application is the tuning of high-frequency circuits having variable capacitance diodes (Varactors) in which the blocking voltage of these diodes is adjusted by means of such voltage dividers.
  • Varactors variable capacitance diodes
  • the same close or narrow tolerances of 1 to 2 percent are required for the voltage divider as for the hitherto customary tuning element, the rotary condenser.
  • Such close tolerances cannot be maintained for layer resistors with the presently known methods since their stray or scatter values are still above 5 percent.
  • the basis of the invention is the provision of a layer resistance'element or unit which is economically producible in large series and which fulfills very high requirements regarding the fidelity of its characteristic curve.
  • ohmic voltage dividers to provide a layer resistance element comprising sections formed by conducting cross strips, the sections being formed by a main resistance layer component or element and a side or shunt resistor, the latter being variable by variation of its current conducting layer area.
  • These sections are, in accordance with the invention, adjusted by variation of their side resistors to the values given by the voltage characteristic curve in proportion to the total resistance.
  • the invention starts from the premise, confirmed by practical experience, that the variations of the specific area resistivity of the layer over the entire region or at least over large partial regions, which cause the straying of the characteristic curve, run in one direction. Deviations from the characteristic curve in changing direction over very short partial stretches of the path of the wiper, which the concept of the invention cannot or but partly eliminate, do not at all occur or they occur in suchsmallvalues only with resistance layers suitable for such voltage dividers that they are inconsequential after the adjustment of the section resistances.
  • step voltage dividers consisting of printed resistors, to correct the partial voltages of the individual steps by adjusting the individual resistors. Transferring these methods to continuous voltage dividers, i.e. in adjusting the resistor directly on the layer resistor, would inadmissably deform the voltage characteristic curve atthe adjusting places, if the adjustment is not carried out continuously and individually for each isingle resistor. Such an effort is however not bearable for mass? production and in most cases of application not even necessary.
  • the subdivision of the resistance elements into layer sections remaining unchanged and adjustable side-resistors, in accordance with present invention permits speedy determination and a sufficient elimination of the deviations of the characteristic curve by means of known, automatic adjustment methods suitable for in-series production.
  • the number of sections into which the resistance element is subdivided depends on the mechanical dimensions and the accuracy with which the adjustment is to be made. In general, a subdivision into three or four sections allows already to maintain close tolerances.
  • Thevalues m and q are selected so that the thereby obtainable adjustment extends with certainty beyond the strayings of the section resistances, which are caused by the manufacture.
  • the adjustment itself is carried out in such a manner that at first the deviations of the section resistances from the desired or nominal values, given by the characteristic curve and the nominal resistance of the divider are measured, wherein simultaneously the section value having the largest plus deviation or the smallest minus deviation, respectively, for the case that no plus deviations have occurred, is determined. All remaining section resistances are then adjusted to this critical deviation by changing its side resistors, whereby the partial voltages on the cross strips reach the respective desired value.
  • the total resistance of the divider is to be held within very close limits-a condition which is not necessarily tied to the tolerance of the characteristic curve-one will fix the mean rough value of the resistance element so that also the highest stray values of the section resistances will lie below their desired values. in this case, all section resistances are adjusted to their desired value by changing their side resistors. Thus, not only the characteristic curve but also the total resistance of the divider are accurately adjusted.
  • the same is formed as a layer surface, the resistance value of which is increased for the purpose of adjustment by progressive reduction of its current carrying region.
  • the layer area is in this case provided at one or both terminals with recesses or cutouts. For the adjustment, starting with one recess, a partial region is severed by progressively scratching an insulating groove approximately along a current flow line. In this method, the current carrying area is reduced in progressively increasing the resistance value.
  • the same is formed as a layer area which is provided along one longitudinal side paralleling the current direction with a short circuit strip bridging a partial region.
  • the short circuit strip is progressively severed from the resistance area by scratching an insulating groove, whereby the resistance is increased and the current carrying area of the resistor is decreased.
  • the layer areas of the side resistors may also be given 5- or meander-shape.
  • the formation of the resistance element in accordance with the present, invention is applicable to single-layer, linear dividers as well as to nonlinear dividers in which, in a known manner, the shape of the curve is obtained by the application of layers of different surface resistances. If the dimensions of the dividers permit, one will endeavor; in the interest of rational manufacture, to provide nonlinear characteristic curves also by layer elements having uniform specific surface resistance.
  • the layer area of the layer resistor is, in a known manner, made of different widths transversely to the current direction since, if there are not too great differences of width, up to about 1:5, the slope of the voltage curve is in a fair approximation inversely proportional to the width of the layer.
  • the subdivision of the resistance element into sections or sectors in accordance with the present invention permits the achievement of a further advantage in that only the slope variations within one section are represented by the change in width of the layer resistor, whereas the total slope of the section, i.e. the voltage drop between its boundary strips, in relation to the length of the path of the wiper between these strips is determined by a layer area wired in parallel, which may also be combined with the adjustable side resistor into one layer area.
  • voltage dividers may also be designed as normal resistance dividers having relatively great differences of slope of their characteristic curve which by means of known singlelayer elements could be designed as surface voltage dividers only.
  • the change of the internal resistance as viewed from the wiper, occuring in passing through a strongly shunted surface section for obtaining small slopes has no adverse effects in voltage dividers operating, in accordance with the starting point of the invention with practically unloaded wiper.
  • all main side and parallel resistors are formed as resistance layer surfaces having equal specific surface resistivity.
  • the layer resistance element is applied, in a known manner, with an adjusting base-point and/or a series resistance, which are directly connected with the starting or the end connection, respective ly, of the voltage divider and which have preferably the same specific surface resistivity as the remaining resistors of the element.
  • the side resistors to be adjusted are so arranged on the main resistance element that dividing lines to be applied for their adjustment are on a simple geometrical figure, preferably on a straight line or on the arc of a circle.
  • Multiple voltage dividers are used on a large scale for channel memory aggregates for high-frequency receivers with diode tuning, in which the control voltages of the diodes are preadjusted for the selected channel frequency on the individual voltage dividers and are selectively switched on to the tuning diodes by mutually triggering switching devices.
  • common parallel re sistors may be used for adjustment of the slope as well as common base-pointand/or series-resistors.
  • all resistors of the element or unit are formed as layer resistance surfaces having equal specific surface resistivity so as to minimize the influence of temperature and humidity changes on the voltage division.
  • the common side-, paralleland base-point-resistors may on their part consist of individual layer surfaces connected in parallel or in series and may be arranged that the available surface is employed as advantageously as possible.
  • the layer resistance element in accordance with the present invention may also be employed in connection with a special form of ohmic voltage dividers in which several step voltages are continuously adjustable.
  • Such voltage dividers comprise several step contacts at which partial voltages of the applied total voltage may be taken off, which on their part are again within certain ranges continuously adjustable. in a borderline case the ranges correspond to the step intervals and all the partial voltages are adjustable without interruptions.
  • Such dividers are used, above all, where stepped voltages are needed but which, for adaption to possible straying or scattering of the user, are afterwards adjustable.
  • wipers which are adjustable continuously and independently of each other.
  • the partial voltages which may be adjusted and picked-up by these wipers result in the step voltages which on their part may be selected by means of known devices, e.g. by a rotary step switch or a multiple push button switch with mutually releasing push buttons.
  • a step voltage divider with uninterrupted adjustability of all partial voltages is obtained when each section of the resistance element is provided with an independent wiper and this wiper is connected to the stationary contacts of the step selector switch.
  • the most favorable step adjustment range becomes smaller than the step interval.
  • the intermediate sections may likewise be adjusted, the same as the sections passed over by the wipers, by varying the side resistors coordinated to them. The adjustment may however be carried out in the section resistors themselves since they do not represent resistance strips the curvature of which could be impaired by the adjustment.
  • Such voltage dividers finally may also be designed as a mixed form of both variations in which the individual sections provided with wipers follow each other directly whereas in part of the sections, for narrowing the step adjustment ranges as compared to the stepped intervals, intermediate resistors are interposed.
  • the resistance strips of the adjustable steps as annular segments and to pick up the step voltages adjusted on them from rotary contacts carrying the wipers and being arranged at the center of the strips. These contacts then form simultaneously the fixed contacts of the step selector wit h nd t r by e a le a av ng n the d ig of th device.
  • the already proposed parallel resistors may be employed for forming nonlinear voltage. intervals adjustment ranges of different magnitude, respectively, of the individual steps by means of which the section voltages may be reduced to any desired degree.
  • the parallel resistors may be formed in this case as individual separate layer surfaces or may be combined with'the side resistors to a single layer area.
  • all resistors of the element are formed as layer surfaces having the same specific area resistivity so as to simplify manufacturing.
  • the geometric dimensions of the individual layer surfaces, the resistances of which are determined by the desired voltage intervals, adjustment ranges and the total resistance, are so chosen and arranged that, in consideration of the load capacity of the layer, the available space is well used and the dividing lines of the adjustable resistors are on a simple geometrical figure.
  • FIG. I shows a layer resistance element for a voltage divider with rectilinear wiper movement
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial, though modified, part of the element depicted in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows the characteristic curve of a divider of FIGS. 1 an
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a layer resistance element for a voltage divider with circular wiper movement;
  • FIG. 5 shows the characteristic curve of the divider of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 shows the resistance element for a quadruple voltage divider of a diode tuning aggregate
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of the characteristic curve of the voltage divider of FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a layer resistance element for a rotary step voltage divider with adjustable step voltages
  • FIG. 9 shows a wiring diagram for the individual partial resistors of the resistance element of FIG. 8.
  • the initial connector A, the end connector E and the cross or transverse strips C, D, G of conducting silver are applied to or burned into a rectangular plate T of in- Sulating material.
  • the main section or traclt resistors B, to B are applied as a homogeneous resistance layer with the specific surface resistivity p resistance of a square surface) on which by means of a symbolically shown wiper 5 any partial voltages u, of a total voltage 14,, applied at A and E may be picked up along the wiper, path or track 5.
  • the strips C, D, G are kept in the region of the wiper path 5 so narrow that no disturbing step formation in the voltage curve occurs.
  • the layer surfaces N, to N of the side resistors as well as in the sections I and II the layer surfaces P, and P of the parallel resistors of the same layer are applied.
  • section III the parallel resistors and the side resistors are combined into one surface.
  • the main resistors B, to B all resistors are formed as rectangular surfaces, the side resistor N consisting of three partial surfaces connected with bus bars in series.
  • the adjustment of the resistance element is effected by progressively scratching an insulating groove along the thin interrupted line into the side resistance surfaces whereby partial regions thereof are severed off and excluded from the current flow.
  • the resistance element or unit according to FIG. 1 is calculated and designed according to the heavy shown characteristic curve of FIG. 3, which is a usual curve for diode tuning in the ultra-short wave range, as will be explained more in details with reference to the attached Table 1.
  • Line I of Table 1 gives the percentage values of the voltages u to u on strip C, D, G or end terminal E, respectively, taken from the normalized characteristic curve of FIG. 3. From this follow the percentage values of the voltage drops Au, to Au of the total voltage, which are entered in line 2. For a wiper practically unloaded according to the premise, the same percentage values for the main resistances r,, obtain, which are entered in line 3.
  • the parallel resistances r, of sections I to III are determined from r (line 5) and r (line 6), which are entered in line 7.
  • the lengths and widths, entered in line 8 and 9, obtain from the p values and from the available area space.
  • the side resistances r,,, obtained from m-r,,, are entered in line 10 and their lengths and widths are entered in lines 1 l and I2.
  • Insulating grooves for adjusting the side resistors run parallel to the current lines in the sections so that two-thirds of the surface is severed upon scratching the entire length and thereby the resistance is increased to its triple value.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified portion of section III of the element according to FIG. 1, in which the adjustment is demonstrated more in detail.
  • the side resistor of this section consists of two section surfaces IIL, and the twice as long section surfaces N which are connected in series and which at first are bridged by a conductive strip K running along their longitudinal side.
  • the conductor strip K is progressively severed along the broken line whereby the side resistance r,,,,, can be increased to three times its value.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the expedient serving to completely avoid the step formation in the characteristic curves at the cross strips.
  • the strips D and G are for a short distance interrupted at their crossing points with the path s of the wiper, whereby the bridging of the resistance layer by the strip on the wiper path is eliminated and therefore a voltage change occurs during the movement of the wiper across these places.
  • the four section resistances r are measured including the critical section, i.e. the section the resistance of which shows the largest plus deviation should occur, shows the smallest minus deviation, respectively.
  • the other three section resistances are then brought to the critical deviation by increasing their side resistances so that their percentagewise share of the total resistance corresponds to the desired or nominal value.
  • the desired voltages u, to u are achieved also at the strips C, D, G.
  • the measurements could be carried out by means of the limit bridge and the adjustment by means of a hand engraving tool or cutter.
  • a hand engraving tool or cutter For series-manufacturing one will use for this an electronically controlled device which memorizes the critical deviation and which scratches the insulating groove by a motor-driven cutter and stops the latter upon reaching the critical deviation.
  • the total resistance r will in this kind of adjustment show about the same scatter or stray as the unworked element, inasmuch as its lower limit is given by the condition that all the section resistances are nearly uniformly at the lower scatter limit and are therefore changed but little during adjustment. Its upper limit is then reached when the critical section resistance lies at the upper limit and the other section resistances have to be brought to this value.
  • FIG. 1 would then show the cylinder surface developed in the plane of the drawing.
  • FIG. 4 shows a layer resistance element having a plane circular carrier and being provided for a rotary voltage divider.
  • Its standardized or normalized voltage characteristic curve, shown in FIG. 5 has an exact exponential shape so that the section resistances as well as the slopes of its three equal sections I, II, III each increase by the same factor. This results in the same shape for its three main resistors B,, B,,, B,,,.
  • This element is calculated and designed in a similar manner as in the first example, wherein the side resistors and the parallel resistors are formed analogously as ring sectors. Apart from the three main resistors B,, B 3, it comprises the side resistors N,, N,, and the two-part side resistor N,,,, as well as the first section of the parallel resistor P,.
  • the adjustment of the side resistors is again done by scratching an insulating groove into the layer surfaces or the side resistors on a concentric circular path, shown by the broken lines, which has proved to be suitable for the construction of an automatic adjusting device.
  • a further layer surface F with the parallel-connected surface F and the base point terminal W said layer surface F representing an adjustable base point resistance r, by which the voltage at terminal A is adjustable to an exact fraction of the total resistance.
  • a central collector M customary for rotary resistors, which serves as the countercontact for the wiper.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further example, in this case a resistance element for a quadruple voltage divider for a diode tuning aggregate, the individual dividers of which show a course of the curve per FIG. 7.
  • any partial voltages of a voltage applied to the starting terminal A and the end terminal E may be picked up. Since the smallest adjustable divider voltage should, according to the diagram, amount to 3.6 percent of the total voltage U, the resistance surface F having the same specific surface resistivity as the main resistors is applied to the carrier T and connected with the starting terminal A, at which between the terminals W and A the so-called base point voltage of 3.6 percent drops.
  • the total resistance element is subdivided by the very narrow conducting transverse strips C, D into three sections I, II, III, wherein according to diagram of FIG. 7 the voltage on strip C should be 15 percent and on strip D 45 percent of the total voltage U.
  • the main resistors B,, B B the reference signs of which are provided in FIG. 6 with the respective index a, b, c, a', of the voltage divider to which they belong are tapered in known manner in the direction of the wiper paths for producing within each section the slope variation of the voltage divider characteristic curve.
  • All main resistors of one section e.g. the main resistors B,,,,,,,, B,,,,,,, B,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
  • parallel resistors P, and P respectively are coordinated to the sections 1, II.
  • the parallel resistors P, and P, are applied for advantageous use of the surface, between the main resistors as three layer surfaces P P,. P, or P,, P,,.,, P each, and they have the same specific surfaces resistivity as the main resistors.
  • the side resistors N, and N,, which are coordinated to the sections 1 and II, are so dimensioned that they have four times the value of the parallel connection of the main and parallel resistors of the respective section.
  • the side resistor N is subdivided into two parallel-connected layer surfaces N, and N All side resistors N N, N and N,,, are so arranged that their division lines are on a straight line and that the adjustment cutter may be brought into engagement by simple longitudinal displacement in all three sections.
  • the relatively small base point resistor F which, likewise has the specific surface resistivity of the main resistors and which therefore is elongated and connected as its longitudinal sides, is adjusted by slitting the layer along the dotted line between the terminals A and W.
  • FIG. 8 shows a layer resistance element for a rotary step voltage divider with continuously adjustable step voltages.
  • FIG. 9 shows the wiring diagram for the individual partial resistors of this element.
  • the layer resistance element for this voltage divider is provided with four adjustable steps, in which the divider voltages of steps I to IV may selectively be taken off by contact arm Y rotatably supported at the center X of the carrier plate T.
  • the pickup of these voltages is here done on the reverse side of the carrier plate at the end faces of contacts m, to m -which are rotatably supported at the center point of the resistance tracks B, to B,,- and which take off the voltages from the dot-anddash line wiper paths by means of the wipers S, to S
  • the adjustment means for the wipers and the contact arm are not shown because they are not essential for the invention and may be presumed to be known.
  • the step divider should be designed so that a voltage U applied to its terminals A and E is each time lowered by dB and is variable in each step by the respective wiper continuously by :1 dB.
  • the total resistance of the voltage divider should amount to 100 K.
  • the loading of the wiper is assumed to be very small.
  • the subdivision of the layer resistance elements results in nine sections, the sections 1, II, III and IV comprising the resistance tracks and the sections 0, la, Ila, Illa and Na being fonned as intermediate resistors.
  • the conducting connection of the main resistors B, the parallel resistors P and the side resistors N, which are provided with the corresponding section indices, can be gathered from the wiring diagram of FIG. 9.
  • the transverse strips C, D, G, H, 1, L0 and V between the individual sections, consisting 'of conducting silver, are marked in FIG. 8 by inclined, close shading. All resistance surfaces consist of the same homogenous resistance layer with the specific surface re sistivity p (resistance of a square surface).
  • the adjustment of the sectional resistors is done in case of the sections 0, I, II, II and IV at the respective side resistors N to N,,- by progressively severing a part of the current conducting resistance surface along the dotted center line of these resistance surfaces.
  • the sections la, Ila and Illa which in each case consist of the intermediate resistors Z,, Z and Z, are adjusted by severing a partial region of these resistance surfaces.
  • the dotted severing lines run so that upon complete adjustment about oneeighth of the current conducting layer surface is severed off, whereby the same percentagewise resistance increases is achieved as with the adjustment of the side resistors.
  • path of rotation is somewhat tapered from its beginning to its end resulting in a track resistance r of 5.25 p.
  • the partial voltages Au for each section are entered as percentages in line 3.
  • the numerical values of the section resistances r entered as K. in line 4 coincide with the percentage values of line 2 inasmuch as the desired total resistance of the divider is 100 K. and the reaction of the very high consumer resistance on the voltage division may be neglected.
  • the resistor of section IVa consists of 2 resistance surfaces Z,- and Z connected in series, the adjustment being alone at the surface Z
  • the four resistance tracks B, to B are formed as annular sectors having a rotation range of 180.
  • the surface along the has to be brought to the value
  • section 0 Since section 0 is provided with a side resistor, the value 8.9 K. has to be increased by the factor 1.33 to l 1.9 K. Its p-value is therefore 3.6 and the side ratio of its rectangular surface is consequently 1624.8.
  • K ohm a K ohm a K ohm a- K ohm or 6 (K ohm, a) 1 115.- 3. 43 118. 3. 51 105. 3. 12 109. 3.24 7.-- r,,(Kohm,u-) 38.4 1.14 60.5 6. 5 8.
  • P-length (mm.) 4. 56 9.
  • Z-area mean length 1.
  • the sectional resistances may be adjusted to a deviation :L2 percent of their desired value r,,. Thereby, the desired voltages of the steps and their adjustment ranges are maintained with a tolerance 10.2 dB.
  • l. ln a layer resistance uhit for nonlinear di sculptureidvoig dividers, in which the divisional voltage is picked up by a wiper moving across a layer track,
  • the length of the cross-strips being greater than the width of the main or side resistors.
  • the layer resistance unit of claim 1 including a second wiper, independently adjustable of said first wiper on said main resistors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
US779010A 1967-12-01 1968-11-26 Layer resistance unit for voltage dividers Expired - Lifetime US3602867A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671665397 DE1665397A1 (de) 1967-12-01 1967-12-01 Schichtwiderstandselement fuer Spannungsteiler
DE19681665413 DE1665413A1 (de) 1968-02-20 1968-02-20 Schichtwiderstandselement fuer Spannungsteiler
DE19681765152 DE1765152A1 (de) 1968-04-10 1968-04-10 Schichtwiderstandselement fuer Mehrfachspannungsteiler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3602867A true US3602867A (en) 1971-08-31

Family

ID=27181002

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US779010A Expired - Lifetime US3602867A (en) 1967-12-01 1968-11-26 Layer resistance unit for voltage dividers

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3602867A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1593371A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1210580A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3750078A (en) * 1972-01-10 1973-07-31 Bourns Inc Radio-frequency attenuator
US4027275A (en) * 1976-03-30 1977-05-31 General Instrument Corporation Controller for a varactor tuner
US4110721A (en) * 1975-05-27 1978-08-29 Quasar Electronics Corporation Adjustable potentiometer assembly
US5610511A (en) * 1993-05-07 1997-03-11 Avery Dennison Corporation Temperature responsive battery tester
CN105957669A (zh) * 2016-06-22 2016-09-21 陕西宝成航空仪表有限责任公司 修整金属膜或金属箔电位器线性精度的方法
CN112750585A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-05-04 太原航空仪表有限公司 一种使线绕电位计线性输出的方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3266265D1 (en) * 1982-02-24 1985-10-24 Mats Torbjorn Haglund An arrangement for orientating a guide device when drilling curved holes in rock

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3750078A (en) * 1972-01-10 1973-07-31 Bourns Inc Radio-frequency attenuator
US4110721A (en) * 1975-05-27 1978-08-29 Quasar Electronics Corporation Adjustable potentiometer assembly
US4027275A (en) * 1976-03-30 1977-05-31 General Instrument Corporation Controller for a varactor tuner
US5610511A (en) * 1993-05-07 1997-03-11 Avery Dennison Corporation Temperature responsive battery tester
US5825174A (en) * 1993-05-07 1998-10-20 Robert Parker Temperature responsive battery tester
CN105957669A (zh) * 2016-06-22 2016-09-21 陕西宝成航空仪表有限责任公司 修整金属膜或金属箔电位器线性精度的方法
CN112750585A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-05-04 太原航空仪表有限公司 一种使线绕电位计线性输出的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1593371A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-25
GB1210580A (en) 1970-10-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3602867A (en) Layer resistance unit for voltage dividers
EP0327078B1 (en) Trimming resistor network
US4243969A (en) Layer resistor element
US20090002120A1 (en) Electrically adjustable resistor
CN104641554B (zh) 分压电路
US3680013A (en) Film attenuator
US6348392B1 (en) Resistor and method of manufacturing the same
US2774934A (en) Voltage divider with adjustable output characteristic
US3379567A (en) Tailored variable electrical resistance element
JP3787591B2 (ja) 抵抗回路
CN109872853B (zh) 一种CrSi2薄膜电阻及其激光修调方法
CN110837016B (zh) 精密匹配电阻阵列及其校准方法
US3668600A (en) Layer voltage divider with additional impedances
JPH0345522B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US3693062A (en) Trimmer potentiometer with resistive overlay
US3665365A (en) Multi-impedance electrical component
US3675179A (en) Variable zig-zag resistor with tabs
US5243318A (en) Low noise precision resistor
US4100525A (en) Single setting variable resistor
US6969904B2 (en) Trimming pattern
AU3762989A (en) Thermistor intended primarily for temperature measurement and procedure for manufacture of a thermistor
US2298498A (en) Variable tuned transformer
GB2054972A (en) Thick film variable resistor
CN115798841A (zh) 一种用于高精度调阻的薄膜电路图案及其设计方法
JPH0795590B2 (ja) セミカスタム半導体集積回路の設計方法