US3602349A - Apparatus for the control of the rolling speed of articles - Google Patents

Apparatus for the control of the rolling speed of articles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3602349A
US3602349A US812052A US3602349DA US3602349A US 3602349 A US3602349 A US 3602349A US 812052 A US812052 A US 812052A US 3602349D A US3602349D A US 3602349DA US 3602349 A US3602349 A US 3602349A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
article
slope
rolling
container
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US812052A
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English (en)
Inventor
Derrik Robert Edwards
Roy Stewart
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UK Atomic Energy Authority
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UK Atomic Energy Authority
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UK Atomic Energy Authority filed Critical UK Atomic Energy Authority
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Publication of US3602349A publication Critical patent/US3602349A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/08—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of slides or chutes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2814/00—Indexing codes relating to loading or unloading articles or bulk materials
    • B65G2814/02—Auxiliary devices or arrangements
    • B65G2814/0205—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for preventing breakage, pulverisation or damage to materials
    • B65G2814/0211—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for preventing breakage, pulverisation or damage to materials using moving braking means to slow down the speed during free fall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
    • B65G69/16—Preventing pulverisation, deformation, breakage, or other mechanical damage to the goods or materials

Definitions

  • Liquid leakage occurs under the article from the part of the tube forward of the article to the part of the tube behind the article, thereby controlling the rolling speed of the article to a constant velocity.
  • a constant leak area is defined in the tube under the article, for example, by placing a longitudinal spacer strip in the tube.
  • PATENTED M1631 Ian sum 1 OF 5 PATENTED M1831 um 502,349
  • This invention relates to apparatus for controlling the speed of rolling of articles down a slope.
  • Such a transfer system is simple and utilizes a minimum of moving mechanical parts. Further advantages inherent in the system are that it has a variable storage capacity and can handle articles of different dimensions. Also all the articles in the store are advanced towards the bottom of the slope on removal of the leading article from the slope.
  • one with another such a transfer system should include means for limiting article transfer velocity down the slope to a relatively low stable value. Also articles should be deposited in the store at the bottom of the slope ina' cushioned manner, for exampleby the provision of article braking means having rapid deceleration characteristics.
  • equipment for controlling the speed of rolling of an article down a slope comprises a flexible walled container extending down the slope and containing a fluid, means being provided defining a limit to the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container under the weight of a rolling article.
  • the means for defining a limit to the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container under the weight of a rolling article may be formed so that the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container varies as the article rolls down the slope so as to provide a programmed variation in th rolling speed of the article.
  • the means for defining a limit to the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container under the weight of a rolling article may comprise spacer means extending longitudinally inside the container.
  • Spacer means may be provided extending longitudinally alongside the container.
  • these may comprise a spacer strip of rectangular cross section and the width or thickness of the spacer strip may vary along its length so as to provide a variation in the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container under the weight of a rolling article thus obtaining a programmed variation in the rolling speed of the article.
  • the height of the spacer means may vary along its length so as to obtain a programmed variation in the rolling speed of the article.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of apparatus in accordance with the invention, v
  • FIG. 2 is an end elevation of the apparatus shownin FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are sectional details ofthe apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sections being respectively along the lines IIIIII and IVIV in FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 are graphs illustrating the operational characteristics of apparatus as shown in FIGS. I and 2,
  • FIG. 8 is a side elevation of a modified form of apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a side elevation of a further form of apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. '10 is a cross section along the line XX in FIG. 9,
  • FIG. 11 is a side elevation of a modified form of the apparatus shown in FIG. 9,
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 are cross sections along the lines XII-XII and XIII-XIII in FIG. 10,
  • FIG. is an isometric detail of a form of apparatus suitable for rolling of articles down long slopes.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a sloping ramp '1.
  • Two 1 inch layflat" polyethylene tubes 2 i.e. of one inch width when laying flat
  • the tubes 2 are sealed at their lower ends 3 and maintained liquid filled by a header tank 4.
  • a full length spacer strip 5 of polyethylene is placed in each tube 2.
  • a cylindrical article 6 on rolling-down the sloping tubes 2 causes a pressure rise in the liquid contained in the lower sealed ends of the tubes 2.
  • each tube 2 is depressed onto the spacer strip 5 by the article 6 sothat the cross section of the tube 2 is constricted and a small leak area 7 is defined in the tube 2 on either side of the spacer strip 5 immediately below the article 6.
  • the resulting effect is that a retarding force is applied on the article 6 controlling the rolling speed of the article at a constant value.
  • the parameters influencing the operational characteristics of the arrangement are tube material, diameter and thickness, fluid viscosity, density and static head, the size of the leak areas 7, the slope of the ramp 1 and the diameter and weight of the article 6.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the terminal speed characteristics of an article plotted against the sine of the slope (Angle B FIG. I) of the ramp 1 under the following operational parameters:
  • the four curves numbered l to IV in FIG. 5 relate respectively to arrangements having leak areas 7 of 0.016, 0.011, 0.007 and zero square inches respectively, the size of the leak areas 7 being determined by the width and thickness of the spacer strips 5.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are similar graphs relating respectively to arrangements in which the tubes 2 are filled with an oil of viscosity 85 Redwood seconds (FIG. 6) and an oil of viscosity 300 Redwood seconds (FIG. 7).
  • the hydraulic pressure of the liquid in the tubes 2 which provides for retardation of the rolling speed of the article 6 to a constant velocity is proportional to the slope of the ramp 1.
  • break away of the of the article 6 will occur, in that the article 6 is then subjected to a net accelerating force.
  • the onset of such break away is also shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7.
  • break away occurs only at slopes of the ramp 1 considerably steeper that those required for efficient article transfer (e.g. 19 compared with Reduction of the diameter of tubes'employed (e.g. to five eights inches layflat size) results in the occurrence of a higher terminal velocity at any particular slope of the ramp 1, although lift off and break away occur later on the speed slope characteristics, i.e. at high slope angles.
  • Retardation of the rolling speed of an article is maintained satisfactorily when more than one article is rolling down the ramp I at the same time, whether the articles are adjacent or separated by a length of the ramp 1.
  • speed programming can be achieved so that adjacent rolling articles can be dispersed or collected, or articles can be slowed locally if required, for example when passing a counting device or approaching a process station.
  • compressed air may be fed through a pressure reducing valve to the lower end of each of the tubes 2 in the arrangement of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 8 of the drawing shows a modification of the invention applicable as a brake in a storage area for articles at the bottom of a transfer ramp.
  • the modification comprises a length of polyethylene tube 8 partially filled with liquid 9 and containing a spacer strip 10. Air is excluded from the tube 8 which is closed at both ends.
  • a tube length of 2 feet was suitable for storage of 0.63 inch diameter cylindrical rods.
  • a stop member 14 is provided at the bottom end ofthe ramp 1].
  • a reservoir volume 13 of liquid exists at the bottom end of each tube 8
  • a quantity of liquid is trapped between each of the rods 12 and liquid 9 in the tubes 8 above the rods 12 provides for the braking of further rods rolling down the ramp 11 into the rod store.
  • Braking of the rods can be achieved in a relatively short distance -e.g. in 2 inches from a velocity of 2 feet per second to a velocity of 2 inches per second.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 of the drawings show an alternative arrangement more suitable for the handling of heavy articles.
  • a liquid filled polyethylene tube 2 is laid along a channel comprising a sloping base plate 15 and side flanges 16.
  • the height of the flanges 16 determines the amount of constriction of the tube 2 by a rolling article 6 and thus defines thesize of the leak area 7 immediately below the'article 6.
  • the side flanges 16 are of constant height so that the article 6 is constrained to roll down the slope at constant speed.
  • FIGS. 11, 12 ad 13 show a similar arrangement to that of FIG. 9 but having side flanges 16 which decrease in height above the base plate 15 in passing down the slope.
  • the channel may be formed with the base plate 15 and the side flanges 16 integral with each other in which case the side flanges 16 are tapered by machining.
  • the arrangement may be made adjustable to accommodate articles of various weights and sizes.
  • variation of the effective taper of the side flanges 16 may be achieved by having the base plate 15 fixed and by pivoting each of the side flanges 16 on the base plate 15 by a pivot pin 17.
  • the side flanges 16 are swiveled relative to the base plate 15 in order to alter the effective taper of the side flanges 16 relative to the base plate 15.
  • the side flanges 16 are fixed and the base plate is pivoted at its upper end from the side flanges 16.
  • FIG. 11 when an article 6 is at the top of the slope the leak area 7 defined below the article is large (See FIG. 13) so that deceleration of the article is low and hence the rolling speed of the article is correspondingly high.
  • the constriction of the tube 2 by the article 6 increases and thus the leak area 7 defined below the article gradually decreases because of the decreasing height of the side flanges 16 above the base plate 15.
  • FIG. 11 when an article 6 is at the top of the slope the leak area 7 defined below the article is large (See FIG. 13) so that deceleration of the article is low and hence the rolling speed of the article is correspondingly high.
  • the constriction of the tube 2 by the article 6 increases and thus the leak area 7 defined below
  • the leak area 7 defined below the article is small. Therefore in the arrangement of FIG. I] the article 6 has a high rolling speed at the top of the slope but is gradually decele'rated in speed as it passes down the slope and is finally brought to a low terminal velocity at the bottom of the slope.
  • the length of the tubes 2 is limited to about 20 feet for a 5 slope.
  • a series of tubes 2 may be provided sequentially down the slope with the adjacent ends of the tubes 2 overlapping.
  • Equipment including a means for controlling the speed of rolling an article down a slope comprising a flexible walled container extending down the slope and containing a fluid, said container being arranged on the slope such that the article lies on the container and hence exerts a gravity force thereon tending to constrict the cross section of the container, means being provided for defining a limit to the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container, under the weight of a rolling article, the maximum constriction occurring at any instant, under the center of the article taken in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the slope, and a smaller constriction occurring immediately in front of and behind the center of the article, wherein at its maximum the constriction leaves remaining at least a small leak area for the flow of fluid by the article as the article rolls down the slope.
  • Equipment including a means for controlling the speed of rolling of an article down a slope comprising a flexible walled container extending down the slope and containing a fluid, said container being arranged on the slope such that the weight of the article rests on the container and henceexerts a force tending to constrict the cross section of the container spacer means being provided for extending longitudinally inside the container so as to define a limit to the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container under the weight of a rolling article.
  • the spacer means comprises a spacer strip of rectangular cross section extending longitudinally inside the container, the width and the thickness of the spacer strip governing the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container under the weight of a rolling article.
  • Equipment including a means for controlling the speed of rolling an article down a slope comprising a flexible walled container extending down the slope and containing a fluid,
  • said container being arranged on the slope such that the weight of the article rests on the container and hence exerts a force tending to constrict thecross section of the container, spacer means for defining a limit to the degree of constriction of the cross section of the container under the weight of a rolling article, said spacer means comprising a set of flanges extending down the slope along each side of the container wherein the article, rolling down the slope lies on the flanges as it contacts the container, the height of the flanges at any point determining the degree of constriction of the container at that point along the slope.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
US812052A 1968-04-05 1969-04-01 Apparatus for the control of the rolling speed of articles Expired - Lifetime US3602349A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1664368 1968-04-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3602349A true US3602349A (en) 1971-08-31

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US812052A Expired - Lifetime US3602349A (en) 1968-04-05 1969-04-01 Apparatus for the control of the rolling speed of articles

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3602349A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1917469A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2005671A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1256505A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3834584A (en) * 1970-11-04 1974-09-10 Perod Sa Device for dispensing rolling articles
DE2837663A1 (de) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-08 Hankyu Zouki Kogyo Kk Geschwindigkeits-steuervorrichtung fuer rollende, zylindrische gegenstaende

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010842A (en) * 1973-10-18 1977-03-08 Atlas Pacific Engineering Company Machine for orienting pears

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1066492B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1900-01-01
DE1052898B (de) * 1955-12-02 1959-03-12 Miag Muehlenbau Vorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausspeichern von Stueckgut
US3347587A (en) * 1962-07-23 1967-10-17 Frost James Dahle Article handling apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1066492B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1900-01-01
DE1052898B (de) * 1955-12-02 1959-03-12 Miag Muehlenbau Vorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausspeichern von Stueckgut
US3347587A (en) * 1962-07-23 1967-10-17 Frost James Dahle Article handling apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3834584A (en) * 1970-11-04 1974-09-10 Perod Sa Device for dispensing rolling articles
DE2837663A1 (de) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-08 Hankyu Zouki Kogyo Kk Geschwindigkeits-steuervorrichtung fuer rollende, zylindrische gegenstaende

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2005671A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-12
GB1256505A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-08
DE1917469A1 (de) 1969-10-30

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