US3599791A - Hydraulic sorting apparatus - Google Patents

Hydraulic sorting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3599791A
US3599791A US787088A US3599791DA US3599791A US 3599791 A US3599791 A US 3599791A US 787088 A US787088 A US 787088A US 3599791D A US3599791D A US 3599791DA US 3599791 A US3599791 A US 3599791A
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Prior art keywords
flow
flume
particles
free
liquid
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US787088A
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English (en)
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Elie Condolios
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GRENOBLOISE ETUDE APPL
SOC GRENOBLOISE D'ETUDES ET D'APPLICATIONS
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GRENOBLOISE ETUDE APPL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/68—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by water impulse
    • B03B5/70—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by water impulse on tables or strakes

Definitions

  • the particulate-sorting apparatus herein comprises a flame sloping at a shallow angle and containing a freesurface flow of liquid at a given rate and being provided with means for generating vibratory motion on the flume along an axis at an acute angle to the flow and contained in a vertical plane passing through the flow axis.
  • the present invention is concerned with a sorting apparatus for granular material which makes use of a free-surface hydraulic flow in the performance of the sorting operation.
  • the aforesaid phenomenon is created by imparting vibrations to the bed wall along the axis which is disposed at an acute angle to the flow and contained in a vertical plane passing through the flow axis.
  • the force components of such vibration on the particles in the layer of materials settled out on the flume bottom accelerate the progress of the dense materials and especially the finest particles thereof, towards the bottom of the layer, while causing any light particles that settled out with the dense particles, to rise up into the upper part of the layer.
  • the dense particles in the layer will move upstream in small bounds, while the light particles are carried downstream with the flow.
  • the features in a sorting apparatus embodying the invention and capable of producing the above described phenomenon include 1.
  • the materials to be sorted are fed in about halfway along the length of the flume, i.e., into the central portion thereof.
  • the flume is provided with means for imparting the appropriate vibratory motion to the bottom wall thereof.
  • the liquid for the free-surface flow is fed in by a device so disposed on the upstream part of the flume at a certain distance from its end that substantially all the liquid fed into the flume flows from upstream to downstream.
  • a certain quantity of water may be fed in with the materials to be sorted to activate the separation process.
  • the hydraulic conditions for free-surface flow in a sin gle or unit flume are determined by the principle variables referred to above, i.e., physical properties of the materials, concentrations, flume slope, depth of flow, and water discharge per unit width, it is necessary to determine the unit width in order to achieve stable flow.
  • the unit flume width should not exceed a certain value, otherwise the flow will be unstable and wander" over the full width of the flurne with a consequent varying depth of water across the flume, unstable deposit formation, and poor, or greatly impaired separation.
  • Stable operation can be attained in a wide flume by partitioning into several unit" flumes of a width that will ensure a sta hie hydraulic flow with materials in each one of them.
  • Unit flumes of varying width along their lengths can also be used in special cases where it is desired to vary the depth of water in the flume so as to modify its sorting equation.
  • the unit flume can be rectangular in cross section.
  • the flume bottom can be made more or less triangular or concave.
  • the flume can be made fluted, with triangular or concave grooves along its length.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section of a sorting apparatus embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section looking along the line lI-Il of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 of the drawings;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section looking along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of an apparatus designed to sort three different materials
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of another form of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a unit flume of varying width along its length
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a unit flume with a substantially triangularly shaped bottom.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a unit flume with triangular and concave grooves along the bottom thereof.
  • the bottom or bed wall of the flume 10 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 has connected thereto a device 17 for imparting vibratory motion to such wall in such a way that the materials settled out on the flume bottom are made to move upstream and emerge at the flume end 15.
  • the device 17 may be any suitable vibrator known to the art, such as a known standard electro magnetic vibrator capable of operating at the available line frequency and having a stroke of about 1.2 millimeters.
  • the frequency of vibration may range from about l-] l0 cycles per second. It has been found that if the frequency of vibration is too high or too low, the apparatus does not operate correctly and the segregation of materials and the bed movement will be deficient.
  • the device 17 is mounted on the bottom flume wall to generate vibration at an acute angle a with respect to the flume bottom and in the vertical plane containing the flume centerline of flow axis.
  • the direction of vibration is indicated in FIG. 1 of the drawings by the axis or line 18-18 and the immergent angle a which such line 18-18 makes with either the flume bottom, the flume centerline, the flow, or the flow axis, may be called in this specification and the appended claims, a negative acute angle, or ain FIG. 1, whereas the emergent angle a which such line makes with the aforesaid or the top longitudinal edges of the flume as shown in FIG. 1, may be called a positive acute angle, or 0+.
  • the vibrations are directed by the device 17 along an axis or line disposed in a vertical plane containing the axis of liquid flow, or the flume centerline, and at a positive acute angle to such flow axis or centerline upstream from its point of intersection with the latter.
  • the angle a is preferably between about 40 and 50".
  • the rate of flow of the liquid 11 in the direction of the arrow f is set to ensure rapid entrainment by such flow of the least dense particles in the material 12 being sorted and to make the densest particles in the material 12 settle out on the bottom of the flume.
  • a large part of the least dense particles will be carried away immediately by the flow towards the downstream end 16 of the flume, and the remainder thereof which are entrapped among the densest particles, will settle out with the latter a short distance downstream from the material feed inlet 14.
  • the particles settling out will form a deposit or mound 19 in the flume.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 of the drawings there is shown a flume 20 which is too wide for stable flow.
  • stable operation is attained by dividing the flume 20 into several unit flumes 21 by partitions 22 extending along its full length.
  • Mounted on the sidewalls of the flume 20 is a frame 23 carrying an electromagnetic vibrator 24.
  • the frame 23 transmits the vibrations applied thereto by the vibrator to the sidewalls ol' the flume 20 and through the latter to the flume bottom 25.
  • the vibratory motion generated by the vibrator 24 is applied to the bottom 25 of the flume 20 at an acute angle to the flow in a plane vertical to the flow axis.
  • the material to be sorted in the apparatus in FIGS. 2 and 3 is fed into a rotary distributor 28 which does not vibrate and which is rotated continuously in the direction of the arrow by a motor 29.
  • the distributor 28 feeds equal quantities of the material feeding down a chute 30 into six circularly arranged hoppers 31 connected by flexible pipes 32 to six individual distributors 33 located centrally on the six unit flumes 21.
  • the individual distributors 33 are constructed in a known manner so that each maintains a continuous feed of material to its associated unit flume 21 from the discontinuous supply thereof that it receives from the rotary distributor 28, and distributes such continuous feed of material evenly over the width of its associated unit flume.
  • a certain quantity of water may also be fed in with the material, as by supplying it to the distributor 28.
  • the concentrated dense particles emerge from the hydraulic flow level with the water distributors and come out partly dry (drip-dry") at the upstream flume end 41.
  • This particular sand was mostly quartz with grain sizes ranging from microns to 2 mms., while the ilmenite particles ranged from 80 microns to 0.5 mms.
  • the bulk ore before sorting contained 8 percent heavy materials and 92 percent sand.
  • FIG. 4 of the drawings illustrates an apparatus which has been designed for the separation of three materials, i.e., a dense material, a light material, and a material of intermediate density.
  • the two sloping flumes 45 and 46 in series are arranged so that the materials discharging from the upstream end 47 of the flume 45 fall into the central portion of the flume 46.
  • a frame 48 for supporting the vibrator 49 and for transmitting the vibratory motion created thereby to the bottom walls of the two flumes.
  • An arrangement of flumes in the manner of the flumes 45 and 46 in FIG. 4 can also be used with three or even four flumes mounted in series on a common frame and with a com mon distributor. In certain cases of separation of two ores. where it is the intention to obtain each ore in the purest possible state, it may be advisable to use the arrangement shown in FIG. 5 of the drawings.
  • the arrangement of flumes in FIG. 5 is similar to that shown in FIG. 4 and accordingly the parts depicted in FIG. 5 which are similar to those shown in FIG. 4 have been given the same reference numerals.
  • the apparatus of FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4, in that the rate of flow in flume 45 has been approximately adjusted to obtain a pure light material at the downstream end 52 of such flume.
  • FIG. 6 of the drawings shows for purposes of illustration one manner in which a flume or flume subchannels or units may be varied in width along the flume length to vary the depth of water in the flume and hence modify its sorting operation.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show flumes with concave and triangular bottoms, respectively, for establishing a greater lateral flow stability in the flumes.
  • the flume shown in F IG. 9 of the drawings is provided with a bottom wall 56 whose flow supporting surface is fluted.
  • the longitudinally extending grooves in such flume bottom may be triangularly shaped grooves 57. or concave grooves 58, or both.
  • Apparatus for sorting solid particulate material utilizinp a free-surface hydraulic flow, comprising a flume having a downstream liquid outlet and an upstream solid material outlet and sloping downwardly at a given shallow angle to the horizon toward said downstream liquid outlet, upstream means for providing a free-surface downhill flow of liquid free-surface a given rate in said flume, means downstream from said upstream means for feeding the solid particulate material to be sorted into the liquid flow, the given rate of free-surface flow of the liquid at such given angle of flow being such that substantially all of the liquid and the solid particles entrained in the angularly disposed free-surface flow thereof discharge through said downstream outlet and the denser particles of such solid material settle out into a deposit on the bottom of said flume, and means for generating vibratory motion on the flume along an axis in a vertical plane passing through the flow axis and disposed at such acute angle to the angularly disposed flow that the denser particles are made to move uphill against the downhill flow and
  • Apparatus as defined in claim I in which said vibratory means is constructed and arranged to generate vibratory mo tion along an axis disposed at a given positive acute angle to the flow axis upstream from its point of intersection with the latter.
  • the method of sorting solid particulate material which comprises introducing such solid material into a free-surface hydraulic flow in a conduit having a downstream liquid outlet and an upstream solid material outlet and sloping downwardly at a given shallow angle toward the downstream liquid outlet, regulating the downhill flow of the free-surface liquid at such given rate that the light solid particles are entrained in the flow and the denser solid particles settle out into a deposit on the bottom of the conduit, and generating vibratory motion on the floor of the conduit along an axis in a vertical plane passing through the flow axis and disposed at such acute angle to the angularly disposed flow that the denser solid particles are made to move uphill against the downhill flow and lighter particles entrapped by the settled denser particles are freed from the latter and picked up by the flow.

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  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
US787088A 1967-12-28 1968-12-26 Hydraulic sorting apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3599791A (en)

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FR38005207 1967-12-28

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US (1) US3599791A (de)
BE (1) BE725511A (de)
DE (1) DE1817240A1 (de)
ES (1) ES361886A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1558492A (de)
GB (1) GB1248946A (de)
SE (1) SE353028B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010095A (en) * 1974-08-01 1977-03-01 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Hydrodynamic method for separation of solid bodies or crystals
US4237001A (en) * 1979-04-30 1980-12-02 Howard S. Berry Ore classifier
WO1985001893A1 (en) * 1983-10-31 1985-05-09 Thor Dorph Hydraulically operated different density particle sorting apparatus and process
WO2019118962A1 (en) * 2017-12-16 2019-06-20 Wagner Dimas, Inc. Surface acoustics induced material conveyance and separation
RU2764420C1 (ru) * 2021-05-28 2022-01-17 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет» Способ классификации частиц порошкового материала

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2079059A (en) * 1934-04-12 1937-05-04 Edward J Winkleman Vibratory classifier
GB499998A (en) * 1938-01-04 1939-02-01 Carl Theodor Setterberg An inclined shaking table for concentrating ores and the like in the wet way
US2660305A (en) * 1943-11-03 1953-11-24 Labouygues Jean Antoine Classifier for solid bodies carried in a fluid stream
GB712148A (en) * 1951-04-20 1954-07-21 Karl Robert Samesch Process and apparatus for the dry separation of mixtures on a vibrating deck
US2832472A (en) * 1953-12-18 1958-04-29 Edward J Pierce Hydraulic concentrator
US2946438A (en) * 1955-11-25 1960-07-26 Charbonnages De France Process and apparatus for the separation of solid particulate materials of different densities and/or different particle sizes
US2995244A (en) * 1957-07-24 1961-08-08 Albers H Michael Separating apparatus
US3441135A (en) * 1966-11-25 1969-04-29 Donaldson Co Inc Particle classification device and method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2079059A (en) * 1934-04-12 1937-05-04 Edward J Winkleman Vibratory classifier
GB499998A (en) * 1938-01-04 1939-02-01 Carl Theodor Setterberg An inclined shaking table for concentrating ores and the like in the wet way
US2660305A (en) * 1943-11-03 1953-11-24 Labouygues Jean Antoine Classifier for solid bodies carried in a fluid stream
GB712148A (en) * 1951-04-20 1954-07-21 Karl Robert Samesch Process and apparatus for the dry separation of mixtures on a vibrating deck
US2832472A (en) * 1953-12-18 1958-04-29 Edward J Pierce Hydraulic concentrator
US2946438A (en) * 1955-11-25 1960-07-26 Charbonnages De France Process and apparatus for the separation of solid particulate materials of different densities and/or different particle sizes
US2995244A (en) * 1957-07-24 1961-08-08 Albers H Michael Separating apparatus
US3441135A (en) * 1966-11-25 1969-04-29 Donaldson Co Inc Particle classification device and method

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010095A (en) * 1974-08-01 1977-03-01 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Hydrodynamic method for separation of solid bodies or crystals
US4237001A (en) * 1979-04-30 1980-12-02 Howard S. Berry Ore classifier
WO1985001893A1 (en) * 1983-10-31 1985-05-09 Thor Dorph Hydraulically operated different density particle sorting apparatus and process
US4614579A (en) * 1983-10-31 1986-09-30 Thor Dorph Hydraulically operated different density particle sorting process
AU572577B2 (en) * 1983-10-31 1988-05-12 Thor Dorph Hydraulically operated different density particle sorting apparatus and process
AU596028B2 (en) * 1983-10-31 1990-04-12 Thor Dorph Hydraulically operated different density particle sorting apparatus and process
WO2019118962A1 (en) * 2017-12-16 2019-06-20 Wagner Dimas, Inc. Surface acoustics induced material conveyance and separation
RU2764420C1 (ru) * 2021-05-28 2022-01-17 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет» Способ классификации частиц порошкового материала

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Publication number Publication date
SE353028B (de) 1973-01-22
GB1248946A (en) 1971-10-06
BE725511A (de) 1969-05-29
FR1558492A (de) 1969-02-28
DE1817240A1 (de) 1969-08-14
ES361886A1 (es) 1970-12-01

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