US3598267A - Loader assembly - Google Patents

Loader assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US3598267A
US3598267A US834746A US3598267DA US3598267A US 3598267 A US3598267 A US 3598267A US 834746 A US834746 A US 834746A US 3598267D A US3598267D A US 3598267DA US 3598267 A US3598267 A US 3598267A
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United States
Prior art keywords
vehicle
lift arms
piston
bucket
load
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US834746A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul H Whitcomb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Corp
Original Assignee
Eaton Yale and Towne Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3598267A publication Critical patent/US3598267A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/3405—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism
    • E02F3/3408—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism of the parallelogram-type

Definitions

  • An improved front end loader includes a pair of spaced-apart lift arms which are pivotally mounted on an articulated vehicle. Piston and cylinder assemblies pivot the lift arms to raise and lower a bucket. The bucket is pivoted between a plurality of operating positions upon actuation of a tilt linkage by a single piston and cylinder assembly. The tilt linkage and associated piston and cylinder assembly are located midway between the lift arms along a vertical plane extending through a longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the present invention relates generally to a new and improved load-handling apparatus and more particularly to a front end loader assembly.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a new and improved load-handling apparatus which is compact, reliable in operation, and adapted to be mounted on an articulated vehicle without interferring with relative movement between front and rear sections of the vehicle.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved load-handling apparatus having a pair of lift arms for raising and lowering a bucket and a tilt linkage for quickly pivoting the bucket to facilitate loading and unloading the bucket.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved load-handling apparatus including a pair of lift arms for raising a bucket and a tilt linkage for pivoting the bucket relative to the lift arms wherein the tilt linkage is operated by a single piston and cylinder assembly mounted midway between the lift arms.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved load-handling apparatus including a pair of lift arms for raising and lowering a bucket and a tilt linkage for pivoting the bucket relative to the lift arms wherein the tilt linkage is mounted midway between the lift arms along a vertical plane extending through the central longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved load-handling apparatus including a pair of lift arms for raising and lowering a bucket and a tilt linkage for pivoting the bucket relative to the lift arms wherein raising and lowering of the lift arms results in a minimal movement of the bucket relative to the ground.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an articulated vehicle having a front end loader assembly constructed in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view, taken on a reduced scale generally along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1, illustrating the relationship of a pair of lift arms for raising and lowering a bucket relative to a tilt linkage and actuator cylinder for pivoting the bucket relative to the lift arms;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the front end loader with the bucket in a lowered position engaging a load
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration, generally similar to FIG. 3, illustrating the bucket in an upright position for raising or transporting a load;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration, generally similar to FIG. 4. illustrating the upright bucket in a raised position
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration, generally similar to FIG. 5, illustrating the bucket in a dumping position.
  • the present invention provides a load-handling apparatus which includes a pair of spaced-apart lift arms which are pivotally connected to opposite sides ofa vehicle.
  • a load-handling tool a bucket in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, is pivotally mounted on the outer ends of the lift arms.
  • the bucket is pivotal between a plurality of operating positions by operation of a single piston and cylinder assembly which is connected to the bucket by a tilt linkage.
  • the single piston and cylinder assembly and tilt linkage are located midway between the lift arms along a longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • a front end loader 10 embodying the present invention is shown in FIG. I mounted on the front end section 12 of an articulated vehicle 14.
  • the articulated vehicle 14 is of a known construction and includes relatively movable front and rear sections 12 and 16.
  • the front end loader 10 includes a pair of lift arms and 22 which are pivotally connected at 24 and 26 with opposite sides of the vehicle 14.
  • the lift arms 20 and 22 are located just inside the wheels 28 and 30 of the front section 12 and extend generally parallel to each other.
  • the lift arms 20 and 22 terminate forwardly of the rear section 16 of the vehicle 14 so that theydo not interfere with pivotal movement of the front section 12 of the articulated vehicle relative to the rear section.
  • a load-engaging tool bucket 34 is pivotally connected at 36 and 38 (FIG. 2) to the forward or outer ends of the lift arms 20 and 22.
  • a pair of hydraulic piston and cylinder assemblies 40 and 42 are pivotally connected at 44 and 46 to the front section 12 of the vehicle 14 and are pivotally connected at 48 and 50 to the lift arms 20 and 22.
  • the piston cylinder assemblies 40 and 42 are operable between retracted and extended conditions to pivot the lift arms 20 and 22 relative to the vehicle 14 to thereby raise the bucket 34 from the lowered or load-en gaging position of FIGS. 1 and 3 to the raised or dumping position of FIG. 6.
  • the bucket 34 is pivoted relative to the lift arms 20 and 22 at the connections 36 and 38 by actuation of a tilt linkage 56.
  • the tilt linkage 56 is located midway between the lift arms 20 and 22 along a vertical plane 58 extending through the longitudinal axis of the front section 12 (FIG. 2).
  • the tilt linkage 56 is actuated by a single piston and cylinder assembly 60 (FIGS. 1 and 2) which is also located along the plane 58.
  • the piston and cylinder assemblies 40 and 42 are operated to pivot the lift arms 20 and 22 upwardly from the lowered position of FIG. 4 to the raised position of FIG. 5.
  • the bucket 34 is maintained in the upright position of FIG. 4 by the tilt linkage 56 and piston and cylinder assembly 60.
  • the piston and cylinder assembly 60 is operated to actuate the tilt linkage 56 and pivot the bucket 34 to the dump position of FIG. 6 to thereby empty the-material out of the bucket.
  • the single piston and cylinder assembly 60 for actuating the tilt linkage 56 slopes upwardly and inwardly or rearwardly from a pivot connection 64 between the cylinder 66 and the forward end section 12 of the vehicle 14.
  • the piston rod 68 of the assembly 60 is pivotally connected at 72 to an intermediate portion of a rear or inner tilt lever 76 of the tilt linkage 56.
  • This orientation ofthe piston and cylinder assembly 60 results in the relatively large area of the head end of a piston associated with the piston rod 68 being exposed to fluid unde: pressure to actuate the tilt linkage 56 and pivot the bucket 34 during breakaway" or movement from the loading position of FIG. 3 to the upright position of FIG. 4.
  • the relatively large head end area of the piston is exposed to fluid pressure when the tilt linkage is subjected to relatively large breakaway" loads.
  • the tilt linkage 56 is subjected to a relatively light load and the smaller rod end area of the piston is sufficient to actuate the tilt linkage.
  • the pivot connection 64 for the cylinder 66 is immediately over the axis of rotation for the front wheels 28 and 30 of the vehicle 14. Since the piston and cylinder assembly 60 slopes upwardly and inwardly (FIG. 4), the line of action for the piston and cylinder assembly 60 intersects a horizontal plane through the axis of rotation for the wheels 28 and 30 at a point forwardly or outwardly of the axis.
  • the piston and cylinder assemblies 40 and 42 for raising the lift arms 20 and 22 slope upwardly and forwardly or outwardly.
  • the lines of action for the cylinders 40 and 42 intersect the horizontal plane through the axis or rotation of the front wheels 28 and 30 at a point inwardly or rearwardly of the axis.
  • the inner tilt lever 76 is pivotally connected at 80 with the forward section 12 of the vehicle 14 at a location outwardly of the lift arm pivot connections 24 and 26 and inwardly of the cylinder pivot connection 64.
  • the connection 80 is, like the pivot connection 64 for the cylinder 66, located midway between the lift arms 20 and 22 along the vertical plane 58 extending through a longitudinal axis of the front section 12 of the vehicle.
  • the inner tilt lever 76 is connected with an outer tilt lever 84 by an inner tilt link 86 which includes a pair of parallel members pivotally connected at 88 to an intermediate portion of the outer tilt lever.
  • the inner tilt link 86 is pivotally connected at 90 to an upper end of the inner tilt lever 76.
  • the outer tilt lever 84 includes a pair of members pivotally connected at 96 to a cross section or piece 92 (FIG. 2) which extends between the lift arms 20 and 22.
  • the pivot connection 96 like the pivot connections 64 and 80, is disposed midway between the lift arms 20 and 22 along the vertical plane 58 extending through the longitudinal axis of the front section 12 of the vehicle 14.
  • the outer tilt lever 84 is in turn connected to the bucket 34 by an outer tilt link 100 which is pivotally connected at 102 to an upper end portion of the outer tilt lever 84 and to the bucket at pivot connection 104.
  • the bucket 34 is filled with dirt or other materials by driving the vehicle 14 forwardly toward a pile of dirt or other material with the bucket in the lowered, forwardly or outwardly facing position shown in FIG. 3. This forces the bucket 34 into the pile of dirt.
  • the bucket is then broken away or pivoted to the upright position of FIG. 4. This accomplished by extending the piston and cylinder assembly 60 to pivot the inner tilt lever 76 rearwardly or inwardly about the connection 80 and thereby actuate the tilt linkage 56. Initiation of this inward pivoting movement of the tilt lever 76 is facilitated by a forward offsetting of the pivot connection 72 between the piston rod 68 and tilt lever relative to the pivot connection 80 at the bottom of the tilt lever 76 (see FIG. 3). This offsetting of the connection 72 relative to the connection 80 provides a lever arm to facilitate initial actuation of the tilt linkage 56 by the piston and cylinder assembly 60.
  • the tilt lever 76 swings the pivot connection 90 about the pivot connection 80 from a position forwardly ofthe fixed pivot connections 24 and 26 for the lift arms 20 and 22 to a position rearwardly of the pivot connections 24 and 26 (see FIGS. 2, 3 and 4).
  • the pivot connection 72 moves about the pivot connection 80 from a position forwardly of the pivot connections 48 and 50 to a position rearwardly of these connections.
  • the tilt lever 76 has been pivoted to its innermost position (FIG. 4)
  • the inner tilt link 86 is intermediate the lift arms 20 and 22. This results in a relatively compact loader structure which can be moved relative to its surrounding environment with a minimum interference.
  • the tilt linkage 56 is protected against damage by the sturdy lift arms and 22 and the wheels 28 and 30.
  • the bucket 34 is raised by extending the hydraulic piston and cylinder assemblies 40 and 42 (FIG. 5). During this up ward movement of the bucket 34, the inner tilt lever 76 is held against pivoting movement about the connection 80 by the piston and cylinder assembly 60. Since the outer tilt lever 84 is pivotally connected with the lift arms 20 and 22, upward movement of the lift arms results in the tilt linkage 56 being actuated to maintain the bucket in an upright position. It should be noted that the operation of the tilt linkage from the loading position of FIG. 3 to the upright position of FIG. 4 resulted in movement of the pivot connection 90. between the inner tilt lever 76 and tilt link 86. to a position closer to the pivot connections 24 and 26 for the lift arms 20 and 22. Pivot connection 90 in this position enables the tilt linkage 56 to tend to minimize changes in the angular orientation of the bucket 34 from the upright position of FIG. 4 as the bucket is raised.
  • the lift arms 20 and 22 project or extend for a relatively short distance forwardly or out wardly from the front section 12 of the vehicle 14.
  • the downward slope of the lift arms 20 and 22 enables them to clear the mountings for the wheels 28 and 30 when the bucket 34 is in the lower position of FIGS.
  • the downward slope of the central or intermediate portion of the lift arms 20 and 22 is such that in the loading position of FIG. 3, the pivot connection I02 at the upper end of the tilt lever 84 is below the pivot connections 48 and 50 between the piston and cylinder assemblies 40 and 42 and the lift arms 20 and 22.
  • the relatively short forward extent of the lift arms 20 and 22 enables the vehicle 14 to be readily maneuvered in relatively tight quarters.
  • the bucket is dumped or empties by contracting the piston and cylinder assembly to actuate the tilt linkage 56.
  • This contracting of the piston and cylinder assembly 60 pivots the inner tilt lever 76 outwardly from the position shown in FIG. 5 to the position shown in FIG. 6.
  • Outward movement of the inner tilt lever 76 pivots the outer tilt lever 84 and bucket 34 forwardly relative to the lift arms 20 and 22 to enable the dirt or other material in the bucket to be dumped under the influence ofgravity.
  • the piston and cylinder assembly 60 is partially extended to pivot the bucket 34 back to the forwardly facing position of FIG. 3. Contemporaneously therewith, the lift arms 20 and 22 are pivoted downwardly to position the bucket for engagement with another load. It has been found that the tilt linkage 56 provides for a relatively quick pivoting movement of the bucket 34 between the various operating positions with a minimum of stress on the connections for the tilt linkage.
  • the tilt linkage 56 for the bucket 34 is disposed midway between the lift arms 20 and 22 along the plane 58 extending through the longitudinal axis of the front section 12 of the vehicle 14.
  • the tilt linkage 56 is protected by the lift arms 20 and 22 and can be actuated by a single piston and cylinder assembly 60.
  • the piston and cylinder assembly 60 is also mounted with its longitudinal axis disposed in the vertical plane 58.
  • Load-handling apparatus for moving a load relative to a vehicle, said load-handling apparatus comprising a pair of spaced-apart lift arms pivotally connected at their inner ends to opposite side portions of said vehicle, bucket means pivotally connected to outer ends of said lift arms for engaging a loud.
  • said bucket mean having a first operating position in which it is adapted to engage a load and a second operating position in which is is adapted to transport a load
  • first piston and cylinder means for pivoting said lift arms relative to said vehicle to raise and lower said bucket means
  • tilt linkage means for pivoting said bucket means between said first and second operating positions
  • said tilt linkage means including an inner tilt lever pivotally connected at one end to said vehicle at a location outwardly of the pivotal connections between said lift arms and said vehicle, an outer tilt lever pivotally connected at one end with said lift arms at a location intermediate their inner and outer ends, an inner tilt link pivotally connected to the other end of said inner tilt lever and to an intermediate portion of said outer tilt lever, and an outer tilt link pivotally connected to an end of said outer tilt lever and to said bucket means, said lift arms extending outwardly and downwardly at such an angle that the interconnection between said outer tilt link and said outer tilt lever is below the interconnections between said first piston and cylinder assemblies and said lift arms when said bucket means is in a lowered position
  • said second piston and cylinder means includes a single hydraulic piston and cylinder assembly connected at the cylinder and thereof to said vehicle at a location outwardly of the connections between said lift arms and said vehicle and connected at the rod end thereof to said inner tilt lever at a location inwardly ofsaid cylinder and connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
US834746A 1969-06-19 1969-06-19 Loader assembly Expired - Lifetime US3598267A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83474669A 1969-06-19 1969-06-19

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US3598267A true US3598267A (en) 1971-08-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US834746A Expired - Lifetime US3598267A (en) 1969-06-19 1969-06-19 Loader assembly

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US (1) US3598267A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
JP (1) JPS4917444B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
DE (1) DE2006112A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
GB (1) GB1295931A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3610078A4 (en) * 2018-01-26 2021-01-27 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Co., Ltd. CHARGER WORKING DEVICE

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB753008A (en) * 1954-01-12 1956-07-18 Katharine Ahlmann Improvements in or relating to mechanical shovels
US3224607A (en) * 1961-10-19 1965-12-21 Chaseside Engineering Company Shovel loaders
US3327880A (en) * 1965-08-09 1967-06-27 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Front end loader
US3370729A (en) * 1966-10-17 1968-02-27 Int Harvester Co Tractor mounted loader linkage
US3411647A (en) * 1967-02-23 1968-11-19 Int Harvester Co Boom assembly for tractor loader
US3447708A (en) * 1967-05-15 1969-06-03 Ford Motor Co Tractor mounted loader

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB753008A (en) * 1954-01-12 1956-07-18 Katharine Ahlmann Improvements in or relating to mechanical shovels
US3224607A (en) * 1961-10-19 1965-12-21 Chaseside Engineering Company Shovel loaders
US3327880A (en) * 1965-08-09 1967-06-27 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Front end loader
US3370729A (en) * 1966-10-17 1968-02-27 Int Harvester Co Tractor mounted loader linkage
US3411647A (en) * 1967-02-23 1968-11-19 Int Harvester Co Boom assembly for tractor loader
US3447708A (en) * 1967-05-15 1969-06-03 Ford Motor Co Tractor mounted loader

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3610078A4 (en) * 2018-01-26 2021-01-27 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Co., Ltd. CHARGER WORKING DEVICE

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JPS4917444B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1974-05-01
GB1295931A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1972-11-08
DE2006112A1 (de) 1970-12-23

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