US3595169A - Time delay fuze - Google Patents

Time delay fuze Download PDF

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Publication number
US3595169A
US3595169A US858975A US3595169DA US3595169A US 3595169 A US3595169 A US 3595169A US 858975 A US858975 A US 858975A US 3595169D A US3595169D A US 3595169DA US 3595169 A US3595169 A US 3595169A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
spring
cavity
annular groove
fuze
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Expired - Lifetime
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US858975A
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Richard T Ziemba
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • a time delay fuze for a projectile includes a ball rotor joumaled for rotation within a cavity in the fuze.
  • the firing pin, said cavity and the booster charge lie along the iongitudinal axis of the fuze.
  • the rotor carries a detonator in a diametral bore, and a dished retaining ring mounted on a seat cut into the ball normally fixes the ball with the detonator out of alignment with the longitudinal axis of the fuze.
  • the dished ring To release the rotor, the dished ring must be flattened and moved aft by setback force and must be enlarged by centrifugal force.
  • the fuze of this invention is an improvement on the fuze shown in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,397,640, issued Aug. 20, I968.
  • a fuze which has a ball rotor supporting and normally disposing a detonator out of alignment with the firing pin and the booster charge, and disposing the detonator in alignment with the firing pin and the booster charge after the application over a predetennined period of time of a predetennined centrifugal force.
  • the rotor is held in an out-of-Iine position by means of a rotor detent spring.
  • This spring locks the rotor in an out-of-line position until projectile spin is sufficient to cause the spring to open, thereby releasing the rotor. Once the rotor is free of the spring, it is free to rotate, due to its dynamic mas unbalance, to an in-line position. It is conceivable that projectile with its fuz e might be inadvertently rotated, as by rolling down a ramp in' handling, at a velocity high enough to release the detent spring, arming the fuze. Obviously, such a situation is not desirable.
  • a feature of this invention is a time delay fuze for a projectile including a ball rotor journaled for rotation within a cavity in the fuze.
  • the firing pin, said cavity and the booster charge lie along the longitudinal axis of the fuze.
  • the rotor carries a detonator in a diametral bore, and a dished retaining ring mounted on a seat cut into the ball nonnally fixes the ball with the detonator out of alignment with the longitudinal axis of the fuze.
  • the dished ring To release the rotor, the dished ring must be flattened and moved aft by setback force and must be enlarged by centrifugal force.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross section of the fuze embodying this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the dished retaining ring of the fuz of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an edge view of the ring of FIG. 2.
  • the fuze includes a fuze body of substantially conical shape.
  • the body has a longitudinal bore having an aft portion of relatively large diameter 12 terminating in a medial subportion 14 of hemispherical shape, and a forward portion 16 of relatively small diameter.
  • the aft bore portion is internally threaded to receive a booster housing 18 having a central cavity 20 containing a booster charge 22.
  • the forward end of the booster housing has a spherical recess 28 therein, so that, in conjunction with the fuze body bore medial subportion 14, a substantially spherical cavity is formed when the booster housing 18 is screwed into the fuze housing.
  • a ball rotor 30 is disposed within the spherical cavity.
  • a primer assembly 32 is disposed in a diametral bore 34 in the ball rotor.
  • An annular groove 36 is cut into the perimeter of the ball and receives a dished, horseshoe-shaped retaining ring or clip 38.
  • An internal, annular groove is cut into the fuze housing bore adjacent the bore end of the detonator housing.
  • the clip is dished about a transverse axis A-A running along the plane of symmetry and has a weakened portion 42 lying on the axis opposite the jaws of the horseshoe.
  • the ball rotor 30 is held with the detonator 32, in the out-of-line, safe, disposition.
  • the acceleration sets back the clip 40 against the face of the booster housing in a flat configuration, into alignment with the annular housing groove 40.
  • the clip locks the rotor in the out-of-line disposition until the spin of the rotor and the clip is sufircient to cause the clip to expand into the annular housing groove, thereby releasing the ball rotor.
  • the clip may be made of phosphor bronze, may flatten at 70,000 gs linear acceleration and rupture at neck 42 at about 70,000 r.p.m.
  • the clip will not be able to enter the housing groove 40, and will not release the rotor, thereby precluding arming of the fuze.
  • the ball rotor 30 may have a diameter of 0.375 inch
  • the groove 36 may have a longitudinal height of 0.049 inch
  • the groove 40 may have an effective longitudinal height of 0.043 inch
  • the clip 38 may have a longitudinal strip thickness of 0.015 feet
  • a time delay fuze mechanism having a safed disposition and an armed disposition, for ammunition, comprising:
  • a housing having a longitudinal axis extending fore and aft
  • a substantially spherical rotor disposed in said cavity having an axis of mass symmetry and a diametral bore coaxial therewith and adapted to receive a detonating charge therein; a first annular groove formed into the periphery of said rotor perpendicular to a first diameter, which first diameter is angularly displaced from said axis of mass symmetry and which first diameter, in the safed disposition, is coaxial with said housing longitudinal axis, to form a protuberance in said rotor extending radially rearwardly; a second annular groove formed into the wall of said housing cavity perpendicular to said housing longitudinal axis, adjacent to the distal, rearward end of said rotor protuberance; and a spring clip disposed on said rotor protuberance,
  • said spring being of substantially flat, horseshoe shaped, stock disposed transversely on said protuberance, and dished, resiliently longitudinally to provide aft elements of the spring which are in transverse alignment with said second annular groove and forward elements of the spring which are forward of said second annular groove,
  • said spring is adapted, upon the application of an adequate setback force to flatten'out so that its forward elements move aft into alignment with said second annular groove, and when in said flattened out disposition, upon the application of an adequate centrifugal force, to expand into said second annular groove to free said rotor for rotation within said cavity into said armed disposition.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

A time delay fuze for a projectile includes a ball rotor journaled for rotation within a cavity in the fuze. The firing pin, said cavity and the booster charge lie along the longitudinal axis of the fuze. The rotor carries a detonator in a diametral bore, and a dished retaining ring mounted on a seat cut into the ball normally fixes the ball with the detonator out of alignment with the longitudinal axis of the fuze. To release the rotor, the dished ring must be flattened and moved aft by setback force and must be enlarged by centrifugal force.

Description

United States Patent Inventor Appl. No. Filed Patented Assignee TIME DELAY FUZE 2 Claims, 3 Drawing Figs.
US. Cl
lnt.Cl F42: 15/26 Field Search 102/70, 76, 78, 79, 80
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2/ 1951 Nichols Primary Examiner-Samuel W. Engle AnomeysBailin L, Kuch, lrving M. Freedman, Harry C.
Burgess, Frank L. Neuhauser, Oscar B. Waddell and Joseph B. Forman ABSTRACT: A time delay fuze for a projectile includes a ball rotor joumaled for rotation within a cavity in the fuze. The firing pin, said cavity and the booster charge lie along the iongitudinal axis of the fuze. The rotor carries a detonator in a diametral bore, and a dished retaining ring mounted on a seat cut into the ball normally fixes the ball with the detonator out of alignment with the longitudinal axis of the fuze. To release the rotor, the dished ring must be flattened and moved aft by setback force and must be enlarged by centrifugal force.
I4 32 lo o 2s l// PATENTEU m2? l97i FIGJ mcmmo T. IE BA,
BY /HIS TTORNEY.
INVEHTOR'.
TIME DELAY FUZE BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention is related to time delayed fuzes for ammunition of relatively small calibre.
2. Prior Art The fuze of this invention is an improvement on the fuze shown in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,397,640, issued Aug. 20, I968. In that patent I disclosed a fuze which has a ball rotor supporting and normally disposing a detonator out of alignment with the firing pin and the booster charge, and disposing the detonator in alignment with the firing pin and the booster charge after the application over a predetennined period of time of a predetennined centrifugal force. Specifically, the rotor is held in an out-of-Iine position by means of a rotor detent spring. This spring locks the rotor in an out-of-line position until projectile spin is sufficient to cause the spring to open, thereby releasing the rotor. Once the rotor is free of the spring, it is free to rotate, due to its dynamic mas unbalance, to an in-line position. It is conceivable that projectile with its fuz e might be inadvertently rotated, as by rolling down a ramp in' handling, at a velocity high enough to release the detent spring, arming the fuze. Obviously, such a situation is not desirable.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to precondition arming on the simultaneous presence of both adequate spin and setback forces.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A feature of this invention is a time delay fuze for a projectile including a ball rotor journaled for rotation within a cavity in the fuze. The firing pin, said cavity and the booster charge lie along the longitudinal axis of the fuze. The rotor carries a detonator in a diametral bore, and a dished retaining ring mounted on a seat cut into the ball nonnally fixes the ball with the detonator out of alignment with the longitudinal axis of the fuze. To release the rotor, the dished ring must be flattened and moved aft by setback force and must be enlarged by centrifugal force.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING These and other objects, advantages and features of this invention will be apparent from the following specification thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross section of the fuze embodying this invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the dished retaining ring of the fuz of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is an edge view of the ring of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The fuze includes a fuze body of substantially conical shape. The body has a longitudinal bore having an aft portion of relatively large diameter 12 terminating in a medial subportion 14 of hemispherical shape, and a forward portion 16 of relatively small diameter. The aft bore portion is internally threaded to receive a booster housing 18 having a central cavity 20 containing a booster charge 22. A firing pin assembly 24, which may be of the self-destruct type shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,397,640 supra, is disposed in the forward bore portion, and is covered by a nose cap 26. The forward end of the booster housing has a spherical recess 28 therein, so that, in conjunction with the fuze body bore medial subportion 14, a substantially spherical cavity is formed when the booster housing 18 is screwed into the fuze housing. A ball rotor 30 is disposed within the spherical cavity. A primer assembly 32 is disposed in a diametral bore 34 in the ball rotor. An annular groove 36 is cut into the perimeter of the ball and receives a dished, horseshoe-shaped retaining ring or clip 38. An internal, annular groove is cut into the fuze housing bore adjacent the bore end of the detonator housing.
The clip is dished about a transverse axis A-A running along the plane of symmetry and has a weakened portion 42 lying on the axis opposite the jaws of the horseshoe. When the aft surface of the clip rests on the face of the booster housing, the arced forward edges of the clip are forward of the annular housing groove so thatthe clip cannot directly open into the groove, and flattening of the clip is first necessary.
In use, the ball rotor 30 is held with the detonator 32, in the out-of-line, safe, disposition. When the projectile is fired through the tube of the weapon, the acceleration sets back the clip 40 against the face of the booster housing in a flat configuration, into alignment with the annular housing groove 40. As the projectile passes through the tube it is spun by the rifling in the tube. The clip locks the rotor in the out-of-line disposition until the spin of the rotor and the clip is sufircient to cause the clip to expand into the annular housing groove, thereby releasing the ball rotor. The clip may be made of phosphor bronze, may flatten at 70,000 gs linear acceleration and rupture at neck 42 at about 70,000 r.p.m.
Once the ball rotor is freed of the spring, it is free to rotate, due to dynamic mass unbalance to an in-line armed dispositron.
Should the projectile be rotated without an initial adequate setback to flatten the clip, the clip will not be able to enter the housing groove 40, and will not release the rotor, thereby precluding arming of the fuze.
In an exemplary design, the ball rotor 30 may have a diameter of 0.375 inch, the groove 36 may have a longitudinal height of 0.049 inch, the groove 40 may have an effective longitudinal height of 0.043 inch, the clip 38 may have a longitudinal strip thickness of 0.015 feet, and a longitudinal bulk thickness as dished of 0.060 inch.
What I claim is:
' l. A time delay fuze mechanism having a safed disposition and an armed disposition, for ammunition, comprising:
a housing having a longitudinal axis extending fore and aft,
and a substantially spherical cavity therein which is symmetrical about said axis; a substantially spherical rotor disposed in said cavity having an axis of mass symmetry and a diametral bore coaxial therewith and adapted to receive a detonating charge therein; a first annular groove formed into the periphery of said rotor perpendicular to a first diameter, which first diameter is angularly displaced from said axis of mass symmetry and which first diameter, in the safed disposition, is coaxial with said housing longitudinal axis, to form a protuberance in said rotor extending radially rearwardly; a second annular groove formed into the wall of said housing cavity perpendicular to said housing longitudinal axis, adjacent to the distal, rearward end of said rotor protuberance; and a spring clip disposed on said rotor protuberance,
said spring being of substantially flat, horseshoe shaped, stock disposed transversely on said protuberance, and dished, resiliently longitudinally to provide aft elements of the spring which are in transverse alignment with said second annular groove and forward elements of the spring which are forward of said second annular groove,
whereby said spring normally engages said protuberance and abuts the wall of said housing cavity and precludes rotation of said rotor within said cavity; and
whereby said spring is adapted, upon the application of an adequate setback force to flatten'out so that its forward elements move aft into alignment with said second annular groove, and when in said flattened out disposition, upon the application of an adequate centrifugal force, to expand into said second annular groove to free said rotor for rotation within said cavity into said armed disposition.
2. A mechanism accordingto claim l whereinr said horseshoe-shaped spring has a medial reduction in cross section, whereby upon the application of adequate centrifugal force, said spring ruptures at said reduction.

Claims (2)

1. A time delay fuze mechanism having a safed disposition and an armed disposition, for ammunition, comprising: a housing having a longitudinal axis extending fore and aft, and a substantially spherical cavity therein which is symmetrical about said axis; a substantially spherical rotor disposed in said cavity having an axis of mass symmetry and a diametral bore coaxial therewith and adapted to receive a detonating charge therein; a first annular groove formed into the periphery of said rotor perpendicular to a first diameter, which first diameter is angularly displaced from said axis of mass symmetry and which first diameter, in the safed disposition, is coaxial with said housing longitudinal axis, to form a protuberance in said rotor extending radially rearwardly; a second annular groove formed into the wall of said housing cavity perpendicular to said housing longitudinal axis, adjacent to the distal, rearward end of said rotor protuberance; and a spring clip disposed on said rotor protuberance, said spring being of substantially flat, horseshoe shaped, stock disposed transversely on said protuberance, and dished, resiliently lonGitudinally to provide aft elements of the spring which are in transverse alignment with said second annular groove and forward elements of the spring which are forward of said second annular groove, whereby said spring normally engages said protuberance and abuts the wall of said housing cavity and precludes rotation of said rotor within said cavity; and whereby said spring is adapted, upon the application of an adequate setback force to flatten out so that its forward elements move aft into alignment with said second annular groove, and when in said flattened out disposition, upon the application of an adequate centrifugal force, to expand into said second annular groove to free said rotor for rotation within said cavity into said armed disposition.
2. A mechanism according to claim 1 wherein: said horseshoe-shaped spring has a medial reduction in cross section, whereby upon the application of adequate centrifugal force, said spring ruptures at said reduction.
US858975A 1969-09-18 1969-09-18 Time delay fuze Expired - Lifetime US3595169A (en)

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2323123A1 (en) * 1975-09-06 1977-04-01 Diehl Projectile fuse rotor safety spring clamp - has curved arms and thin web ensuring releeleeleasing under radial forces
DE2806055A1 (en) * 1977-02-17 1978-08-24 Gen Electric ELECTRIC RESET GENERATOR
US4242963A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-01-06 General Electric Company Delayed arming fuze for a spinning projectile
EP0068534A2 (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-05 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Safety means for a fuze of a spin-stabilised projectile
JPS5831299A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-02-23 ウエルクツオイクマシイネンフアブリ−ク・エ−リコン−ビユ−レ・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト Safety device for revolving projectile fuse
EP0360187A2 (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-28 DIEHL GMBH & CO. Safety device for the fuse of a spinning projectile
US4942816A (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-07-24 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Safe-and-arm device for the fuze of a spin-stabilized projectile
US5243912A (en) * 1991-12-09 1993-09-14 General Electric Co. Arming delay, dual environment safe, fuze
FR2689972A1 (en) * 1992-04-14 1993-10-15 Manurhin Defense Security and arming device for projectile rocket comprising an anti-vibration means.
US6127762A (en) * 1996-03-15 2000-10-03 The Pedlar Family Trust Rotor
US6142080A (en) * 1998-01-14 2000-11-07 General Dynamics Armament Systems, Inc. Spin-decay self-destruct fuze
US6145439A (en) * 1998-01-14 2000-11-14 General Dynamics Armament Systems, Inc. RC time delay self-destruct fuze
US20110259226A1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-10-27 Nexter Munitions Priming device initiated electrically for a projectile
US20170138714A1 (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-05-18 Nexter Munitions Safety and arming device for an instant impact point fuse and fuse including such a device
WO2023180278A1 (en) 2022-03-23 2023-09-28 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Safety device for an igniter, use of the safety device and method of activating an igniter with this safety device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2541603A (en) * 1943-05-07 1951-02-13 Harry J Nichols Fuse
US2656793A (en) * 1945-12-13 1953-10-27 Remington Arms Co Inc Ammunition
US2921527A (en) * 1957-04-06 1960-01-19 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Centrifugally armed percussion fuze
US3211099A (en) * 1963-10-31 1965-10-12 Popovitch Dragolyoub Time delay mechanism
US3397640A (en) * 1966-10-28 1968-08-20 Gen Electric Fuze with improved time delay and self-destruct mechanism

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2541603A (en) * 1943-05-07 1951-02-13 Harry J Nichols Fuse
US2656793A (en) * 1945-12-13 1953-10-27 Remington Arms Co Inc Ammunition
US2921527A (en) * 1957-04-06 1960-01-19 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Centrifugally armed percussion fuze
US3211099A (en) * 1963-10-31 1965-10-12 Popovitch Dragolyoub Time delay mechanism
US3397640A (en) * 1966-10-28 1968-08-20 Gen Electric Fuze with improved time delay and self-destruct mechanism

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2323123A1 (en) * 1975-09-06 1977-04-01 Diehl Projectile fuse rotor safety spring clamp - has curved arms and thin web ensuring releeleeleasing under radial forces
DE2806055A1 (en) * 1977-02-17 1978-08-24 Gen Electric ELECTRIC RESET GENERATOR
US4242963A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-01-06 General Electric Company Delayed arming fuze for a spinning projectile
JPS5831299A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-02-23 ウエルクツオイクマシイネンフアブリ−ク・エ−リコン−ビユ−レ・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト Safety device for revolving projectile fuse
EP0068534A2 (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-05 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Safety means for a fuze of a spin-stabilised projectile
EP0068534A3 (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-02-02 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Safety means for a fuze of a spin-stabilised projectile
US4440085A (en) * 1981-06-30 1984-04-03 Werkeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle AG Safety apparatus for spinning projectile fuzes
EP0360187A3 (en) * 1988-09-20 1992-01-08 DIEHL GMBH & CO. Safety device for the fuse of a spinning projectile
US4942816A (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-07-24 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Safe-and-arm device for the fuze of a spin-stabilized projectile
US4995317A (en) * 1988-09-20 1991-02-26 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Safe-and-arm device for the fuze of a spin-stabilized projectile
EP0360187A2 (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-28 DIEHL GMBH & CO. Safety device for the fuse of a spinning projectile
US5243912A (en) * 1991-12-09 1993-09-14 General Electric Co. Arming delay, dual environment safe, fuze
FR2689972A1 (en) * 1992-04-14 1993-10-15 Manurhin Defense Security and arming device for projectile rocket comprising an anti-vibration means.
EP0566469A1 (en) * 1992-04-14 1993-10-20 Manurhin Defense Safety and arming device for the fuse of a projectile comprising an anti-vibratory means
US6127762A (en) * 1996-03-15 2000-10-03 The Pedlar Family Trust Rotor
US6142080A (en) * 1998-01-14 2000-11-07 General Dynamics Armament Systems, Inc. Spin-decay self-destruct fuze
US6145439A (en) * 1998-01-14 2000-11-14 General Dynamics Armament Systems, Inc. RC time delay self-destruct fuze
US20110259226A1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-10-27 Nexter Munitions Priming device initiated electrically for a projectile
US8631743B2 (en) * 2010-04-27 2014-01-21 Nexter Munitions Priming device initiated electrically for a projectile
US20170138714A1 (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-05-18 Nexter Munitions Safety and arming device for an instant impact point fuse and fuse including such a device
US10041775B2 (en) * 2015-07-24 2018-08-07 Nexter Munitions Safety and arming device for an instant impact point fuse and fuse including such a device
WO2023180278A1 (en) 2022-03-23 2023-09-28 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Safety device for an igniter, use of the safety device and method of activating an igniter with this safety device
DE102022106883A1 (en) 2022-03-23 2023-09-28 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Fuse unit for a detonator, use of the fuse unit and method for activating a detonator with this fuse unit

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