US3591861A - Piezoelectric measurement - Google Patents

Piezoelectric measurement Download PDF

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Publication number
US3591861A
US3591861A US728082A US3591861DA US3591861A US 3591861 A US3591861 A US 3591861A US 728082 A US728082 A US 728082A US 3591861D A US3591861D A US 3591861DA US 3591861 A US3591861 A US 3591861A
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United States
Prior art keywords
amplifier
transducer
piezoelectric
measurement
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US728082A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Conrad Sonderegger
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MESSRS KISTLER INSTRUMENT AG
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MESSRS KISTLER INSTRUMENT AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/08—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically
    • G01L23/10—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically by pressure-sensitive members of the piezoelectric type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
    • G01L9/08—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of piezoelectric devices, i.e. electric circuits therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/09—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This invention relates to a piezoelectric as- H0lv 7/00 sembly having a amplifier and a piezoelectric transducer of 340/10; similar dimensions coupled together with a mechanical con- 310/8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.4 nector.
  • the present invention relates to a piezoelectric measurement transducer with amplifier.
  • a measuring channel consisting of a piezoelectric transducer, a cable connecting the transducer to the measurement amplifier and a further cable connecting the measurement amplifier to an evaluating device.
  • the cable connections between the individual devices such as the transducer, the amplifier and the evaluating appliance may vary between several cm. and 100 m. or so. It is known however, that the cable connection between a piezoelectric transducer and its amplifier is limited in length due to the fact that the cable capacity has a certain value and influences the degree of amplification and the upper measurement frequency. In general therefore the length of cable between the transducer and its amplifier must be kept as short as possible.
  • the piezoamplifiers available on the market today employ an electrometer tube in the input stage which provides an input resistance of more than 10" ohm. The remainder of the amplifier is then completely transistorized.
  • the present amplifiers are very sensitive to vibration so that in all cases they must be mounted in such manner that they are insulated from the transducer for sound and vibration.
  • transistors are now available which can be used in place of electrometer tubes.
  • field-effect and MOST transistors have inherent resistances of ID to 10" ohm. With such components completely transistorized amplifiers can be produced, i.e., amplifiers can be constructed which consist only of transistors that do not use any tubes.
  • the object of the invention is to provide such a measurement amplifier arranged no longer as usual between thetransducer and the evaluating apparatus, but which corresponding to the shape of the transducer, can be screwed directly to or fitted directly upon the transducer so that the transducer and the amplifier form an integral unit which can however be detached when required.
  • the measurement amplifier is not responsive to acceleration even up to high g numbers so that it can be placed directly on the transducer.
  • FIG. I shows the normal system for a measuring channel provided with cable connections
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an amplifier with capaci- .tive feedback
  • FIG. 3 shows a miniature completely transistorized measurement amplifier
  • FIG. 4 shows a piezoelectric transducer for pressure measurements
  • FIG. 5 shows the complete assembly of transducer and amplifier
  • FIG. 6 shows a complete unit consisting of transistor and amplifier in a sound insulating casing
  • FIG. 7 shows the casing of a piezoelectric acceleration device with a built-in measurement amplifier
  • FIG. 8 shows a piezoelectric transducer element
  • FIG. 9 shows a composite unit consisting of a piezoacceleration transducer and a measurement amplifier
  • FIG. 10 shows a piezoforce transducer
  • FIG. 11 shows an assembly screw with a measurement amplifier in the screw head
  • FIG. 12 shows an assembled unit consisting of a piezoforce transducer with an amplifier located in the fastening screw.
  • the amplifier is miniaturized in a conventional manner that it can be inserted in a metal casing which in turn represents one component of the transducer. This arrangement will be explained hereinafter in the case of transducers intended for pressure, acceleration and force effects.
  • FIG. 1 shows the usual arrangement of a measuring channel for the piezoelectric measurements having a transducer 1 and an amplifier 2 in accordance with the basic diagram of FIG. 2.
  • An evaluating apparatus is represented on FIG. 1 as a meter 3.
  • Coaxial cable connections are provided between the elements 1, 2 and 3.
  • the miniaturized measurement amplifier shown in FIG. 3 is inserted in vacuumtight manner in a metal casing the same diameter as the transducer shown in FIG. 4.
  • One end is provided with a screw thread 4 for receiving a threaded part 5 of the transducer while the contact pin 6 fits into a corresponding socket 7 in the transducer.
  • Commercially available coaxial connectors may be used for this connection to the transducer.
  • transducer/amplifier unit 3 and 4 can be joined together in a hermetically sealed manner by means of a sealing medium and may be built together as shown in FIG; 5 to form a transducer/amplifier unit for use at any desired measurement point.
  • a sealing medium may be built together as shown in FIG; 5 to form a transducer/amplifier unit for use at any desired measurement point.
  • shock wave and sound pressure wave measurements it is desirable to mount the transducer/amplifier unit in a casing 10 by means of two O-ring seals 11 to form a completely sound insulating unit, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show the casing of the acceleration transducer with an amplifier built into the upper part thereof in a conventional manner.
  • the piezoelectric transducer element (FIG. 8) is fitted into this casing and can be connected with the amplifier by means of a contact pin and socket.
  • the finished unit shown in FIG. 9 has again the same diameter as a normal type of acceleration transducer.
  • FIGS. I0, 11 and 12 A further example of application for force measurement is shown in FIGS. I0, 11 and 12.
  • the piezoelectric force measurement cell shown in FIG. 10 comprises at one end a screw thread 20 for connection to the force-transmitting member.
  • a screw thread 21 which fits with the screw thread of a hollow screw by means of which the measuring cell is mounted on its support.
  • the electric signal is taken off centrally by means of the sleeve 23 and the contact pin 24.
  • Thd mounting screw shown in FIG. 11 is in the form of a hollow screw and the measurement amplifier is fitted into the screw head 25.
  • FIG. 12 shows the complete unit assembled and screwed down.
  • This form of construction provides mechanically coupled units which are suitable for pressure, force and acceleration measurement and can be separated at any time into the transducer and amplifier components, an arrangement which considerably facilitates production and servicing problems.
  • a piezoelectric assembly consisting of two parts adapted to be assembled into a hermetically sealed unit having substantially the same structural dimensions as standard piezoelectric transducers presently used, comprising a piezoelectric transducer means having a casing and forming one of said two parts, an amplifier unit forming the other of said two parts and including fully transistorized miniature amplifier means and a metal casing hermetically sealing said amplifier means, said transducer having an output adapted to be connected to an input of said amplifier means, and readily separable mechanical connecting means for assembling said amplifier means with said transducer means by directly connecting with each other said casings to form said hermetically sealed unit while simultaneously providing an operative connection between said output and said input.
  • a piezoelectric assembly according to claim 1, wherein said amplifier means is assembled in the metal casing in such a dimensions corresponding to the transducer of a standard design and also built into a hermetically sealed housing that includes at one of its end faces a second-connection portion of a standard design fitting with said first connecting portion and at its opposite end face a third connecting portion also of standard design and similar to said first connecting portion, and in that said measurement transducer and said amplifier are mechanically and electrically connected with each other by said first and second connecting portions in such a way that the combination of transducer and amplifier can be mechanically connected into one integral solid unit and that the combination can be readily separated at any time in order to enable exchange of one of the components for service reasons and that either the transducer alone or the combination of both transducer and amplifier can be mounted in the same measurement location, one of said first and second connecting portions forming in effect a connecting socket and the other a fitting connecting plug, and in that a hollow screw member includes a screw head which forms the housing containing the amplifier, the transducer being mounted

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
US728082A 1964-06-16 1968-05-09 Piezoelectric measurement Expired - Lifetime US3591861A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH785964A CH416149A (de) 1964-06-16 1964-06-16 Piezoelektrischer Messwandler mit Verstärker

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US3591861A true US3591861A (en) 1971-07-06

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US728082A Expired - Lifetime US3591861A (en) 1964-06-16 1968-05-09 Piezoelectric measurement

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CH (1) CH416149A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1303252B (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1076057A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104931162A (zh) * 2015-06-30 2015-09-23 安徽智敏电气技术有限公司 一种压电传感器
US9541428B2 (en) 2012-09-10 2017-01-10 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Interface between a sensor unit and an explosion resistant housing
USD883827S1 (en) * 2018-05-11 2020-05-12 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Medium and high frequency piezoelectric acceleration sensor with bolt installation
USD889292S1 (en) * 2018-04-16 2020-07-07 Fatri (Xiamen) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric acceleration sensor bolted and connected
USD890004S1 (en) * 2018-04-16 2020-07-14 Fatri (Xiamen) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric accelerometer sensor with side output and bolt installation
USD907573S1 (en) * 2018-05-11 2021-01-12 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Acceleration sensor magnetic mounting base
USD936507S1 (en) * 2019-06-21 2021-11-23 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric acceleration sensor
USD936506S1 (en) * 2019-06-21 2021-11-23 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric acceleration sensor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4572204A (en) * 1984-03-21 1986-02-25 Hewlett-Packard Company Pressure dome with compliant chamber

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2479264A (en) * 1945-07-09 1949-08-16 Rosenberg Paul Combined coaxial and crystal holder
US2757475A (en) * 1954-05-13 1956-08-07 Jacques I Pankove Sound-producing fish and game lure
US2783449A (en) * 1953-08-28 1957-02-26 Texas Co Seismic velocity measurement
US2988728A (en) * 1953-07-06 1961-06-13 United Geophysical Corp Piezoelectric hydrophone
US3051927A (en) * 1960-08-04 1962-08-28 Texaco Inc Transducer assemblies
US3054982A (en) * 1959-02-16 1962-09-18 Robert J Kieser Hydrostatic pressure transducer
US3123798A (en) * 1964-03-03 Fish finder
US3170076A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-02-16 Gulton Ind Inc Accelerometer
US3241373A (en) * 1961-04-17 1966-03-22 Magnavox Co Static safety and arming device
US3249913A (en) * 1963-05-08 1966-05-03 Ca Nat Research Council Ultrasonic underwater sound generator
US3356868A (en) * 1967-02-15 1967-12-05 Endevco Corp Measuring system
US3359441A (en) * 1959-11-16 1967-12-19 Gulton Ind Inc Accelerometer
US3389276A (en) * 1965-05-25 1968-06-18 Cons Electrodynamics Corp Piezoelectric instrument transducers

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123798A (en) * 1964-03-03 Fish finder
US2479264A (en) * 1945-07-09 1949-08-16 Rosenberg Paul Combined coaxial and crystal holder
US2988728A (en) * 1953-07-06 1961-06-13 United Geophysical Corp Piezoelectric hydrophone
US2783449A (en) * 1953-08-28 1957-02-26 Texas Co Seismic velocity measurement
US2757475A (en) * 1954-05-13 1956-08-07 Jacques I Pankove Sound-producing fish and game lure
US3054982A (en) * 1959-02-16 1962-09-18 Robert J Kieser Hydrostatic pressure transducer
US3359441A (en) * 1959-11-16 1967-12-19 Gulton Ind Inc Accelerometer
US3051927A (en) * 1960-08-04 1962-08-28 Texaco Inc Transducer assemblies
US3241373A (en) * 1961-04-17 1966-03-22 Magnavox Co Static safety and arming device
US3170076A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-02-16 Gulton Ind Inc Accelerometer
US3249913A (en) * 1963-05-08 1966-05-03 Ca Nat Research Council Ultrasonic underwater sound generator
US3389276A (en) * 1965-05-25 1968-06-18 Cons Electrodynamics Corp Piezoelectric instrument transducers
US3356868A (en) * 1967-02-15 1967-12-05 Endevco Corp Measuring system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9541428B2 (en) 2012-09-10 2017-01-10 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Interface between a sensor unit and an explosion resistant housing
CN104931162A (zh) * 2015-06-30 2015-09-23 安徽智敏电气技术有限公司 一种压电传感器
USD889292S1 (en) * 2018-04-16 2020-07-07 Fatri (Xiamen) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric acceleration sensor bolted and connected
USD890004S1 (en) * 2018-04-16 2020-07-14 Fatri (Xiamen) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric accelerometer sensor with side output and bolt installation
USD883827S1 (en) * 2018-05-11 2020-05-12 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Medium and high frequency piezoelectric acceleration sensor with bolt installation
USD907573S1 (en) * 2018-05-11 2021-01-12 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Acceleration sensor magnetic mounting base
USD936507S1 (en) * 2019-06-21 2021-11-23 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric acceleration sensor
USD936506S1 (en) * 2019-06-21 2021-11-23 Fatri United Testing & Control (Quanzhou) Technologies Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric acceleration sensor

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GB1076057A (en) 1967-07-19
CH416149A (de) 1966-06-30
DE1303252B (enrdf_load_html_response)

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