US3591698A - Metal treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Metal treatment apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3591698A
US3591698A US680827A US3591698DA US3591698A US 3591698 A US3591698 A US 3591698A US 680827 A US680827 A US 680827A US 3591698D A US3591698D A US 3591698DA US 3591698 A US3591698 A US 3591698A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
duct
airtight
equipment
substantially airtight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US680827A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Christie Howard
Charles Peter Brittain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wellman Furnaces Ltd
Original Assignee
Associated Electrical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Associated Electrical Industries Ltd filed Critical Associated Electrical Industries Ltd
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Publication of US3591698A publication Critical patent/US3591698A/en
Assigned to WELLMAN FURNACES LIMITED reassignment WELLMAN FURNACES LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/16—Furnaces having endless cores
    • H05B6/20—Furnaces having endless cores having melting channel only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type

Definitions

  • the structure defining the duct or channel of the loop being a refractory structure usually encased in metal at least externally and sometimes also internally, may be integral with the furnace chamber structure or may, as in the arrangement described in our copending application No. 27741/65, British Pat. No. 1,154,903 be detachable from it.
  • the complete inductor unit comprising loop structure, core and coil may be detachable, or the loop structure, formed as an open-ended, e.g. U- shaped, structure may be separately detachable with the core and coil able to be left attached to the chamber structure.
  • a detachable loop structure may, as in our said copending application, be constituted by a number of individually separable parts.
  • Holding furnaces and launders may likewise be provided with induction loops in order to maintain or control the temperature of molten metal in them.
  • a molten metal equipment comprising a substantially airtight arrangement of a refractory crucible or ladle provided with a refractory induction loop structure.
  • the refractory crucible or ladle is provided with a substantially airtight lid and both the crucible or ladle and the induction loop structure are made substantially airtight not only in themselves, but also at any connections between them.
  • the loop structure is built up of several separable parts, substantially airtight connections will also be made between these parts in order to ensure the required airtightness of the loop structure.
  • the refractory material both of the crucible or ladle structure and of the induction loop structure will usually be air permeable.
  • each of them may include an external metal casing and/or, when practicable, an internal metal lining. Joints between such casings or linings of the two structures can be made airtight by means of gasket or O-ring seals: either of these would be of heat resistant material or the joints would be water cooled.
  • the induction coil and therefore the associated electrical apparatus can be outside the vacuum system, thereby avoiding the known problems of electrical insulation in ambient conditions of vacuum pressure.
  • crucible or ladle and the induction loop structure may be contained in a substantially airtight container, for example in a vacuum bell or tank.
  • a lid for the crucible or ladle need not be airtight and indeed may be dispensed with.
  • substantially airtight is meant that in normal conditions of use, having regard to gaseous pressure differential between inside and outside and, in the case of the first aspect of the invention, to pressure head created by contained molten metal in the crucible or ladle and loop, air ingress to the molten metal will be prevented or at least minimized to a negligibly minute amount.
  • the induction loop structure is formed in a manner resem bling the handle of a mug and is disposed in a vertical plane to one side of the crucible or ladle with both ends of the duct or channel of the loop structure in communication with the interior of the crucible or ladle below the normal level of molten metal therein.
  • this same disposition of the loop is utilized and such disposition has been shown in the two embodiments of the invention illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in partial cross section a substantially airtight transportable ladle with induction loop
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a similar ladle and loop structure which, however, is not made airtight in itself but instead is wholly enclosed in a substantially airtight container.
  • the ladle comprises a crucible 1 having a refractory lining 2 within an outer supporting metal casing 3.
  • the ladle has a carrying yoke 4 secured to stub shafts 5 on opposite sides of the outer casing 3.
  • a refractory induction loop structure 6 defines a C-shaped duct 7, the two ends of which communicate with the inside of the crucible l at two vertically spaced apart locations.
  • the loop structure 6 is formed by three separate parts 8, 9 and 10, each comprising an outer sheath of nonmagnetic, metal tube such as 11 and a refractory lining such as 12.
  • the adjacent cooperating ends of the parts 8, 9 and 10 are mitered, so that the end faces of their linings such as 12 and their sheathing tubes such as l 1 can firmly abut one another to ensure that no leakage of molten metal can occur from the duct 7 at the joints between the parts.
  • the ends of the sheathing tubes have outwardly extending flanges such as 13 by which the parts 8, 9 and 10 can be secured together and to the crucible 1, preferably by means of quickly'detachable clamps 14.
  • a windowed magnetic core 15 surrounds the lower limb of the duct 7 as formed by the part 10 and carries a winding 16 which is embraced by the loop structure 6 and is connectable to a suitable alternating current source.
  • the core 15 may be split on a plane parallel to the plane of the drawing, with part of the core 15 mounted on a wheeled carriage 17 so as to be separable at the split from the remainder of the core, namely in a direction normal to the plane of the drawing.
  • the resulting gap created at the split enables the ladle and loop structure to be removed vertically from the core through the gap.
  • the same or another ladle can subsequently be lowered into position and the core reclosed round the lower limb of the loop structure.
  • the flange joints between the several parts of the induction loop 6 and between it and the ladle l are made substantially airtight by the provision of heat resistant sealing gaskets 18.
  • the ladle 1 and loop 6 are themselves substantially airtight because of their metal casing 3 or sheaths 11.
  • a lid 19 having a lifting lug 20 and a dr'awotf connection 21 closes the ladle l in a substantially airtight manner, for which purpose a sealing gasket 22 is provided between a peripheral flange 23 of the lid and a flange 24 provided round the top of the ladle l and secured in airtight manner, e.g. by welding, to its outer casing 3.
  • the complete ladle and loop structure 1, 6, together with the core and winding 16 are contained in a substantially airtight container 25 having a drawoff connection 26.
  • the lid 27 of this container is removably secured to it, with an intervening sealing gasket 28.
  • Vacuum degassing per se presents difficulties because of excessive temperature loss during the process, which is necessarily long due to the slow migration of the gas upwards through the liquid metal into the low pressure region over it.
  • by energizing the induction coil 16 on a magnetic core 15 linked with the loop structure 6 not only will heat loss be compensated, but alsothe circulation promoted in the liquid steel will lead to improved migration of contained gas. it is thus possible to provide an efficient but compact and relatively low cost vacuum degassing unit, with the possibility also of making such units of smaller capacity than hitherto practicable.
  • Another way of using the apparatus of the invention for degassing is to arrange for bubbles of inert gas to be passed up wards through the liquid steel (or other molten metal), either in the ladle l or in the loop structure 6 or both.
  • the inert gas can be introduced by way of the loop structure itself, and for this purpose the loop structure 6 in FIG. 1 has been shown as having a gas inlet connection 29.
  • the bubbles of the inert gas entrain unwanted gases in the melt during their passage upwards through it, because of the low partial pressure of the unwanted gases in the bubbles.
  • Molten metal equipment comprising:
  • a transportable refractory vessel such as a ladle
  • a refractory duct extending outwardly from a vertical side of the vessel and having two ends communicating with the interior of the vessel at vertically spaced positions below the normal level of the molten metal in the vessel;
  • a windowed magnetic core surrounding a part of the duct; an induction coil embracing a part of the magnetic core;
  • airtight means enclosing the said vessel and the said duct;
  • the said duct is in the form of a loop vertically disposed from said side and lying substantially in a vertical plane, as in the manner of a handle of a mug.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
US680827A 1966-11-09 1967-11-06 Metal treatment apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3591698A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB50258/66A GB1192931A (en) 1966-11-09 1966-11-09 Improvements relating to Metal Treatment Apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3591698A true US3591698A (en) 1971-07-06

Family

ID=10455260

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US680827A Expired - Lifetime US3591698A (en) 1966-11-09 1967-11-06 Metal treatment apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3591698A (de)
DE (1) DE1583211A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1192931A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792185A (en) * 1971-09-09 1974-02-12 Asea Ab Channel-type induction furnace
US4586698A (en) * 1984-02-20 1986-05-06 Henri Carbonnel Lateral basin for electromagnetic pumping in a foundry
US4668170A (en) * 1984-03-16 1987-05-26 Interatom, Internationale Atomreaktorbau Gmbh Electromagnetic stirring pump for liquid metals
US5772320A (en) * 1994-01-17 1998-06-30 Ea Technology Limited Method and aparatus for mixing a metal matrix composite
US20090129197A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-05-21 Sia Gors Method and device for induction stirring of molten metal

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX2021002073A (es) * 2018-08-23 2021-07-16 Beemetal Corp Sistemas y métodos para la producción continua de polvos metálicos de gas atomizado.

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2001808A (en) * 1933-08-28 1935-05-21 Chase Companies Inc Furnace for producing purified metals
US2166734A (en) * 1936-06-27 1939-07-18 Strube Rudolf Low frequency induction furnace
US2389218A (en) * 1944-08-21 1945-11-20 Ajax Engineering Corp Cooling system for induction furnaces
US2423912A (en) * 1945-12-05 1947-07-15 Ajax Engineering Corp Induction furnace
US2648715A (en) * 1950-06-06 1953-08-11 Lindberg Eng Co Furnace for molten metal
US2674639A (en) * 1952-03-13 1954-04-06 Lindberg Eng Co Method of and a furnace for induction melting metal
US2805271A (en) * 1955-11-14 1957-09-03 Lindberg Eng Co Multiple chamber induction furnace
US2892005A (en) * 1955-11-14 1959-06-23 Lindberg Eng Co Metal melting furnace
US3191247A (en) * 1959-09-08 1965-06-29 Lindberg Engineering Co Furnace ladling apparatus
US3235243A (en) * 1963-09-12 1966-02-15 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Apparatus for producing ultraclean alloy steels
US3249676A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-05-03 Allmann Svenska Elek Ska Aktie Heating means
US3325160A (en) * 1963-03-06 1967-06-13 Asea Ab Vacuum-enclosed tiltable furnace
US3522355A (en) * 1966-10-19 1970-07-28 Ass Elect Ind Induction heating arrangements

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2001808A (en) * 1933-08-28 1935-05-21 Chase Companies Inc Furnace for producing purified metals
US2166734A (en) * 1936-06-27 1939-07-18 Strube Rudolf Low frequency induction furnace
US2389218A (en) * 1944-08-21 1945-11-20 Ajax Engineering Corp Cooling system for induction furnaces
US2423912A (en) * 1945-12-05 1947-07-15 Ajax Engineering Corp Induction furnace
US2648715A (en) * 1950-06-06 1953-08-11 Lindberg Eng Co Furnace for molten metal
US2674639A (en) * 1952-03-13 1954-04-06 Lindberg Eng Co Method of and a furnace for induction melting metal
US2805271A (en) * 1955-11-14 1957-09-03 Lindberg Eng Co Multiple chamber induction furnace
US2892005A (en) * 1955-11-14 1959-06-23 Lindberg Eng Co Metal melting furnace
US3191247A (en) * 1959-09-08 1965-06-29 Lindberg Engineering Co Furnace ladling apparatus
US3249676A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-05-03 Allmann Svenska Elek Ska Aktie Heating means
US3325160A (en) * 1963-03-06 1967-06-13 Asea Ab Vacuum-enclosed tiltable furnace
US3235243A (en) * 1963-09-12 1966-02-15 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Apparatus for producing ultraclean alloy steels
US3522355A (en) * 1966-10-19 1970-07-28 Ass Elect Ind Induction heating arrangements

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792185A (en) * 1971-09-09 1974-02-12 Asea Ab Channel-type induction furnace
US4586698A (en) * 1984-02-20 1986-05-06 Henri Carbonnel Lateral basin for electromagnetic pumping in a foundry
US4668170A (en) * 1984-03-16 1987-05-26 Interatom, Internationale Atomreaktorbau Gmbh Electromagnetic stirring pump for liquid metals
US5772320A (en) * 1994-01-17 1998-06-30 Ea Technology Limited Method and aparatus for mixing a metal matrix composite
US20090129197A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-05-21 Sia Gors Method and device for induction stirring of molten metal
US8486326B2 (en) * 2006-04-19 2013-07-16 Sia ‘Gors’ Method and device for induction stirring of molten metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1583211A1 (de) 1970-07-30
GB1192931A (en) 1970-05-28

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: WELLMAN FURNACES LIMITED, CORNWALL RD., SMETHWICK,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:003931/0640

Effective date: 19811021