US3589817A - Photoelectric web defect-detecting apparatus which provides for overcoming the ray-diverging effect of roller curvature - Google Patents

Photoelectric web defect-detecting apparatus which provides for overcoming the ray-diverging effect of roller curvature Download PDF

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Publication number
US3589817A
US3589817A US802946*A US3589817DA US3589817A US 3589817 A US3589817 A US 3589817A US 3589817D A US3589817D A US 3589817DA US 3589817 A US3589817 A US 3589817A
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United States
Prior art keywords
web
roller
light rays
lens
directing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US802946*A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fumio Sugaya
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Fujifilm Holdings Corp
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Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
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Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
    • G01N21/8901—Optical details; Scanning details

Definitions

  • Grigsby Attorney-Sughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn & Macpeak ABSTRACT Apparatus for optically detecting imperfections on the surface of a web which is being advanced on a roller.
  • the apparatus comprises a light source for directing light rays onto the surface of the web on the roller, a lens assembly disposed between the light source and the roller for directing parallel light rays toward the web surface, and an optical system for directing the reflected light rays to a photoconductive element.
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting imperfections on the surface of a web by optical means.
  • These devices for detecting imperfections are used in general to provide signals of the imperfections to an automatic cutter to cut out and remove the cut portion containing the imperfection. Otherwise, the above devices are used for marking the web to indicate the imperfection or for recording the condition of the imperfection on the web.
  • a semicylindrical lens is provided for making the illuminating light rays parallel with one another.
  • Another semicylindrical lens is also provided for concentrating the parallel light rays onto the portion of the surface of the web to be checked for imperfections.
  • the light rays reflected from the surface of the web are detected by a photoconductive element using the flying image method. 7
  • the conventional method of the flying image has been to employ uniform illumination of the web. Therefore, when an imperfection has been illuminated by rays from various directions, the reflected light rays from the imperfection which reached the photoconductive element have been an extremely small part of the total number of rays from the reflected imperfection.
  • This method has been disadvantageous from the point of view of efficiency and the resolution of power.
  • the imperfection on the moving web is illuminated by parallel light rays and as a result high efficiency in resolving power are achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the detecting apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of the detecting device which is exemplary of the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the main part of the detecting device in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the detecting device shown in FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention.
  • reference character 1 denotes a light source such as a tungsten lamp including a linear filament.
  • the reference numeral 2 denotes an infrared filter to be used in the event the device is used to detect imperfections on the surface of a photosensitive photographic film.
  • Numeral 3 denotes a first semicylindrical lens for making the emitted light rays from the light source 1 parallel with one another and projecting them perpendicular to the portion 5 to be detected on the web 6.
  • the lens 3 may be spherical.
  • the reference character 4 denotes a second semicylindrical lens for concentrating the parallel rays formed by the first semicylindrical lens 3 onto the surface of the web 6 in the shape of a wedge.
  • the reference numeral 7 denotes a roller for rolling the web in a predetermined position.
  • Numeral 8 denotes a lens for concentrating the reflected parallel light rays from the detected portion 5 onto a mirror 10 which is vibrated.
  • Numeral 9 denotes a spherical lens for focusing the image of the detected portion 5.
  • Numeral l0 denotes a vibrating mirror for scanning the detected portion 5 which corresponds to the site field of the photoconductive element 15. The vibrating mirror 10 is driven by means of a magnet 11 and a coil 12.
  • the coil 12 is connected to an oscillator 13 in the present invention.
  • the vibrating mirror 10 vibrates at a frequency of, for example, 200 cycles per second. Accordingly, the site field of the photoconductive element 15 reciprocates on the portion of the surface of the web 6 to be detected at a speed of 200 times per second.
  • the vibrating mirror 10 can be replaced by a rotating multifaced mirror, but in this case, a complicated device is required to obtain the results since the illuminating light is cut out at the end of the detected portion 5 or at the end of the lenses 4 and 8 and therefore, a clamp device is required for eliminating the signal.
  • the signal from the photoconductive element 15 is amplified by the amplifier 16.
  • the amplifier 16 is constructed having a high pass filter and a low-pass filter in order to separate the signals of sharp imperfections such as scratches from the signals of relatively mild imperfections such as unevenness.
  • the amplifier 16 can detect the two kinds of imperfections with different sensitivity.
  • the reference numeral 17 denotes a discriminating circuit which transmits a signal to the memory circuit 18 when a signal of a level higher than a reference level is provided at the input thereof.
  • the memory circuit 18 memorizes the signal until the web is cut off at the portion of the web having the imperfection detected by the above device which includes circuit 17.
  • a solenoid is energized to take out the portion of the web having the imperfection detected.
  • the memory circuit 18 memorizes the signal until the portion of the web having the imperfection comes up to the position to be marked and then energizes the marking solenoid.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a conventional illuminating method wherein the detected portion of the web is uniformly illuminated over a broad range with a lamp 19. If imperfection 20 passes, the light value of the light ray 21 directed to the photoconductive element varies, however, the variation of. the light value is very small because the detected portion is illuminated from various directions.
  • a roller is provided for feeding the web, a light source is provided for directing the light rays onto the surface of the web which moves along the roller, and an optical system is provided for directing the reflected light rays from the surface of the web to a photoconductive element;
  • first lens disposed between said light source and said roller for making said light rays from said light source parallel with one another
  • second lens disposed between said first lens and said roller for concentrating the parallel rays formed by said first lens onto the web surface in the form of a wedge, the focal point of said second lens being positioned beyond the surface of the web on the roller so that most of the light rays will be reflected in the same direction.
  • said optical system comprises a vibrating mirror, and a third lens disposed near said roller for directing the reflected light rays toward said vibrating mirror, said vibrating mirror directing the reflected light rays toward said photoconductive element.
  • the apparatus of claim 2 further comprising an amplifier, a discriminating circuit and a memory circuit connected to said photoconductive element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US802946*A 1968-02-27 1969-02-27 Photoelectric web defect-detecting apparatus which provides for overcoming the ray-diverging effect of roller curvature Expired - Lifetime US3589817A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP43011961A JPS5114039B1 (fr) 1968-02-27 1968-02-27

Publications (1)

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US3589817A true US3589817A (en) 1971-06-29

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US802946*A Expired - Lifetime US3589817A (en) 1968-02-27 1969-02-27 Photoelectric web defect-detecting apparatus which provides for overcoming the ray-diverging effect of roller curvature

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US (1) US3589817A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5114039B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE1910048A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4911390A (fr) * 1972-06-01 1974-01-31
JPS5249880A (en) * 1975-10-18 1977-04-21 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co Defect inspecting apparatus
US4302108A (en) * 1979-01-29 1981-11-24 Polaroid Corporation Detection of subsurface defects by reflection interference
US4703187A (en) * 1985-03-15 1987-10-27 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Method and apparatus for the determination of the thickness of transparent layers of lacquer
US4982104A (en) * 1988-07-29 1991-01-01 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Web drive control apparatus
US5066865A (en) * 1989-09-01 1991-11-19 Measurex Corporation Single sided reflectance sensor for measuring select physical properties of a material using one or more wavelengths of radiation
US5075562A (en) * 1990-09-20 1991-12-24 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for absolute Moire distance measurements using a grating printed on or attached to a surface
US5075560A (en) * 1990-09-20 1991-12-24 Eastman Kodak Company Moire distance measurements using a grating printed on or attached to a surface
US5488480A (en) * 1994-02-16 1996-01-30 Cmd Corporation Apparatus and method for detecting a heat seal in a moving plastic film
US5678447A (en) * 1996-04-17 1997-10-21 Eastman Kodak Company On-line web planarity measurement apparatus and method
US5861078A (en) * 1993-08-12 1999-01-19 Cmd Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting a seal on a plastic bag
US5959737A (en) * 1993-02-25 1999-09-28 Nikkiso Co., Ltd. Frame feeding apparatus and automatic sheet thickness detection apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3701267A1 (de) * 1987-01-17 1988-07-28 Achenbach Buschhuetten Gmbh Planheitsmesseinrichtung fuer bandfoermiges walzgut
JPS646390U (fr) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-13

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2371963A (en) * 1944-01-07 1945-03-20 Gen Electric Scanning apparatus for moving strip
US2487511A (en) * 1947-05-21 1949-11-08 Rca Corp Contour indicating device
US3117182A (en) * 1961-09-12 1964-01-07 Rudolf Hell Kommanditgesellsch Facsimile transmitter
US3206606A (en) * 1961-07-20 1965-09-14 Eastman Kodak Co Photosensitive inspection method and apparatus
US3410643A (en) * 1961-04-14 1968-11-12 Saint Gobain Apparatus for detecting and recording the locations of defects in sheet material in two dimensions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2371963A (en) * 1944-01-07 1945-03-20 Gen Electric Scanning apparatus for moving strip
US2487511A (en) * 1947-05-21 1949-11-08 Rca Corp Contour indicating device
US3410643A (en) * 1961-04-14 1968-11-12 Saint Gobain Apparatus for detecting and recording the locations of defects in sheet material in two dimensions
US3206606A (en) * 1961-07-20 1965-09-14 Eastman Kodak Co Photosensitive inspection method and apparatus
US3117182A (en) * 1961-09-12 1964-01-07 Rudolf Hell Kommanditgesellsch Facsimile transmitter

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4911390A (fr) * 1972-06-01 1974-01-31
JPS5249880A (en) * 1975-10-18 1977-04-21 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co Defect inspecting apparatus
JPS5612815B2 (fr) * 1975-10-18 1981-03-24
US4302108A (en) * 1979-01-29 1981-11-24 Polaroid Corporation Detection of subsurface defects by reflection interference
US4703187A (en) * 1985-03-15 1987-10-27 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Method and apparatus for the determination of the thickness of transparent layers of lacquer
US4982104A (en) * 1988-07-29 1991-01-01 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Web drive control apparatus
US5066865A (en) * 1989-09-01 1991-11-19 Measurex Corporation Single sided reflectance sensor for measuring select physical properties of a material using one or more wavelengths of radiation
US5075562A (en) * 1990-09-20 1991-12-24 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for absolute Moire distance measurements using a grating printed on or attached to a surface
US5075560A (en) * 1990-09-20 1991-12-24 Eastman Kodak Company Moire distance measurements using a grating printed on or attached to a surface
US5959737A (en) * 1993-02-25 1999-09-28 Nikkiso Co., Ltd. Frame feeding apparatus and automatic sheet thickness detection apparatus
US5660674A (en) * 1993-08-12 1997-08-26 Cmd Corporation Method and apparatus for registration of a seal and perforation on a plastic bag
US5861078A (en) * 1993-08-12 1999-01-19 Cmd Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting a seal on a plastic bag
US5488480A (en) * 1994-02-16 1996-01-30 Cmd Corporation Apparatus and method for detecting a heat seal in a moving plastic film
US5701180A (en) * 1994-02-16 1997-12-23 Cmd Corporation Apparatus and method for detecting a formation in a sheet material
US5678447A (en) * 1996-04-17 1997-10-21 Eastman Kodak Company On-line web planarity measurement apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5114039B1 (fr) 1976-05-06
DE1910048A1 (de) 1969-09-11

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