US3589693A - Kiln structure - Google Patents
Kiln structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3589693A US3589693A US858395A US3589693DA US3589693A US 3589693 A US3589693 A US 3589693A US 858395 A US858395 A US 858395A US 3589693D A US3589693D A US 3589693DA US 3589693 A US3589693 A US 3589693A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bores
- firing chamber
- kiln
- shoulder means
- closure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/02—Crowns; Roofs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type, of type in which segmental kiln moves over stationary charge
- F27B13/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of this type
- F27B13/12—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M2700/00—Constructional details of combustion chambers
- F23M2700/005—Structures of combustion chambers or smoke ducts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to kilns, particularly to furnaces for firing ceramics.
- the burners for such kilns are usually mounted in bores in the top wall of the kiln.
- a plurality of bores of circular or rectangular cross section are spaced along the firing chamber, and a requisite number of burners are placed into the bores, depending on the firing requirements.
- shoulder means projecting inwardly into the bores in a portion of the bores adjacent the firing chamber.
- 3A closure is supported on the shoulder means in the bores not occupied by a burner, and the burner or burners are supported on the shoulder means in the other bores.
- the shoulder means may comprise individual shoulders projecting from the walls of the bores but preferably the shoulder means are continuous shoulders encircling the bores, such as an annular shoulder in the bores.
- the shoulder means have a horizontal support surface and a diverging sidewall extending from the support surface towards the firing chamber and flaring outwardly towards the chamber.
- FIG. I is a vertical section of a bore according to this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a like section of the bore, containing an insulating seal
- FIG. 3 is another like section of the bore, showing a burner supported therein;
- FIG. 4 is a vertical section showing the top wall of a kiln with a plurality of bores according to the invention.
- the top wall 1 of the kiln has an outer surface la and afiring chamber 2 extends below the top wall along the length thereof.
- the top wall defines a plurality of like bores 3 extending from the outer surface la towards the firing chamber 2. Up to a portion of bore adjacent the firing chamber, each bore has a smooth cylindrical wall.
- An annular shoulder 4 projects radially inwardly into the bore in the bore portion adjacent the firing chamber. As shown, the shoulder has a horizontal support surface and a diverging sidewall 8 extending from the support surface towards the firing chamber 2 and flaring outwardly towards the chamber to form a funnel.
- the shoulder 4 alternatively serves to support a burner 7 of refractory material.
- the illustrated burner uses gaseous or liquid fuel supplied through nozzle assembly 11 to a mixing stage where the fuel is mixed with air supplied through pipe 13.
- the radially arranged baffles 14 will soften the impact of the flame and distribute its heat.
- bores could be rectangular and the shoulder 4 of corresponding configuration, instead of annular.
- a kiln defining a firing chamber and having a top wall, the top having an outer surface and defining a plurality of bores extending from the outer surface towards the firing chamber, shoulder means projecting inwardly into said bores in a portion of the bores adjacent the firing chamber, a closure supported on the shoulder means in at least one of the bores, an insulating mass in each bore having a closure mounted therein, the insulating mass being supported on said closure, and a burner supported on the shoulder means in at least one of the bores.
- the shoulder means have a horizontal support surface and a diverging sidewall extending from the support surface towards the firing chamber and flaring outwardly towards said chamber.
Abstract
The top wall of a kiln has a plurality of bores extending from the outer surface to the firing chamber in the kiln. A shoulder projects inwardly into each bore adjacent the firing chamber to support a closure and/or a burner.
Description
United States Patent Inventor Eberhard Wolf lbbenburen. Germany Appl. No. 858,395 Filed Sept. 16, 1969 Patented June 29, 1971 Assignee Keller Ofenbau GmbH Laggenbeck, Germany Priority Sept. 18, 1968 Germany P 17 83 012.5
U.S. Cl 263/46, 1 10/1 A lnt.Cl F27d 1/00 Primary Examiner-John J. Camby At!0rney Kelman and Berman ABSTRACT: The top wall ofa kiln has a plurality of bores extending from the outer surface to the firing chamber in the kiln. A shoulder projects inwardly into each bore adjacent the firing chamber to support a closure and/or a burner.
13 109 In 3 I 1 7 -11/ \I 1 e KILN STRUCTURE The present invention relates to kilns, particularly to furnaces for firing ceramics. The burners for such kilns are usually mounted in bores in the top wall of the kiln. A plurality of bores of circular or rectangular cross section are spaced along the firing chamber, and a requisite number of burners are placed into the bores, depending on the firing requirements.
In conventional kilns of this type, a closure is placed over each bore which is not used for a burner, the closure being flush with the outer surface of the top wall of the kiln. This arrangement causes considerable heat losses from the firing chamber since the closures on top of the unoccupied bores do not adequately seal the firing chamber from the atmosphere. This is particularly true for those bores outside the actual firing zone and not in use at the time but which are provided so that the effective length of the kiln may be extended in case of need.
It is the primary object of this invention to overcome these disadvantages and to provide a kiln with bores which may be effectively sealed.
This and other objects are accomplished in accordance with the invention with shoulder means projecting inwardly into the bores in a portion of the bores adjacent the firing chamber.
3A closure is supported on the shoulder means in the bores not occupied by a burner, and the burner or burners are supported on the shoulder means in the other bores.
The shoulder means may comprise individual shoulders projecting from the walls of the bores but preferably the shoulder means are continuous shoulders encircling the bores, such as an annular shoulder in the bores.
According to another preferred feature, the shoulder means have a horizontal support surface and a diverging sidewall extending from the support surface towards the firing chamber and flaring outwardly towards the chamber.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a now preferred embodiment thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing wherein FIG. I is a vertical section of a bore according to this invention;
FIG. 2 is a like section of the bore, containing an insulating seal;
FIG. 3 is another like section of the bore, showing a burner supported therein; and
FIG. 4 is a vertical section showing the top wall of a kiln with a plurality of bores according to the invention.
In the drawing, like reference numerals designate like parts functioning in a like manner in all figures.
The top wall 1 of the kiln has an outer surface la and afiring chamber 2 extends below the top wall along the length thereof. The top wall defines a plurality of like bores 3 extending from the outer surface la towards the firing chamber 2. Up to a portion of bore adjacent the firing chamber, each bore has a smooth cylindrical wall. An annular shoulder 4 projects radially inwardly into the bore in the bore portion adjacent the firing chamber. As shown, the shoulder has a horizontal support surface and a diverging sidewall 8 extending from the support surface towards the firing chamber 2 and flaring outwardly towards the chamber to form a funnel.
If only a part of the firing chamber is in use (right side of FIG. 4), the other bores must be covered to keep the heat in the firing chamber. Such unoccupied bores are, therefore, closed and sealed in the manner best shown in FIG. 2. As appears therein, a closure 5 is supported on the shoulder 4, which makes it possible to fill the rest of the bore with an insulating mass or plug 6, for instance of asbestos, to seal the firing chamber efiectively against the atmosphere. If desired and as shown in FIG. 2, the insulating mass or plug may be covered by an additional closure 9.
As shown in FIG. 3, the shoulder 4 alternatively serves to support a burner 7 of refractory material. The illustrated burner uses gaseous or liquid fuel supplied through nozzle assembly 11 to a mixing stage where the fuel is mixed with air supplied through pipe 13. The radially arranged baffles 14 will soften the impact of the flame and distribute its heat.
Obviously, the bores could be rectangular and the shoulder 4 of corresponding configuration, instead of annular.
I claim:
1. A kiln defining a firing chamber and having a top wall, the top having an outer surface and defining a plurality of bores extending from the outer surface towards the firing chamber, shoulder means projecting inwardly into said bores in a portion of the bores adjacent the firing chamber, a closure supported on the shoulder means in at least one of the bores, an insulating mass in each bore having a closure mounted therein, the insulating mass being supported on said closure, and a burner supported on the shoulder means in at least one of the bores.
2. The kiln of claim I, wherein the shoulder means is an annular shoulder.
3. The kiln of claim 1, wherein the shoulder means have a horizontal support surface and a diverging sidewall extending from the support surface towards the firing chamber and flaring outwardly towards said chamber.
Claims (3)
1. A kiln defining a firing chamber and having a top wall, the top having an outer surface and defining a plurality of bores extending from the outer surface towards the firing chamber, shoulder means projecting inwardly into said bores in a portion of the bores adjacent the firing chamber, a closure supported on the shoulder means in at least one of the bores, an insulating mass in each bore having a closure mounted therein, the insulating mass being supported on said closure, and a burner supported on the shoulder means in at least one of the bores.
2. The kiln of claim 1, wherein the shoulder means is an annular shoulder.
3. The kiln of claim 1, wherein the shoulder means have a horizontal support surface and a diverging sidewall extending from the support surface towards the firing chamber and flaring outwardly towards said chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1783012 | 1968-09-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3589693A true US3589693A (en) | 1971-06-29 |
Family
ID=5705252
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US858395A Expired - Lifetime US3589693A (en) | 1968-09-18 | 1969-09-16 | Kiln structure |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3589693A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1596311A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1213758A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6134385A (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2000-10-17 | United Microelectronics Corp. | Water free furnace tube with self-heating quartz plug |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US554743A (en) * | 1896-02-18 | Drying apparatus | ||
US1729447A (en) * | 1929-09-24 | Cooling well foe burners | ||
US1771956A (en) * | 1930-07-29 | Flue stopper | ||
US2084830A (en) * | 1935-07-31 | 1937-06-22 | Anaconda Copper Mining Co | Metallurgical process and apparatus |
US3202197A (en) * | 1963-04-16 | 1965-08-24 | George H Knobloch | Furnace including refractory sealing sleeve for the nozzle of an oil burner |
-
1968
- 1968-12-23 FR FR1596311D patent/FR1596311A/fr not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-09-16 US US858395A patent/US3589693A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-09-17 GB GB45910/69A patent/GB1213758A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US554743A (en) * | 1896-02-18 | Drying apparatus | ||
US1729447A (en) * | 1929-09-24 | Cooling well foe burners | ||
US1771956A (en) * | 1930-07-29 | Flue stopper | ||
US2084830A (en) * | 1935-07-31 | 1937-06-22 | Anaconda Copper Mining Co | Metallurgical process and apparatus |
US3202197A (en) * | 1963-04-16 | 1965-08-24 | George H Knobloch | Furnace including refractory sealing sleeve for the nozzle of an oil burner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1213758A (en) | 1970-11-25 |
FR1596311A (en) | 1970-06-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CS223966B2 (en) | Method of baking the lime and device for executing the said method | |
US3589693A (en) | Kiln structure | |
US3404199A (en) | Heating process in a rotary kiln | |
US2788961A (en) | Shaft kilns | |
GB1041550A (en) | Improvements relating to linings of furnaces, ovens, kilns and the like | |
US3568932A (en) | Ceramic burners | |
US3295845A (en) | Basic oxygen steelmaking vessels | |
US3173666A (en) | Cowper gas-heating ovens | |
US3142482A (en) | Carbon body baking furnace | |
US3910755A (en) | Particulate material heating apparatus and method | |
RU2652608C1 (en) | Shaft furnace for burning lump material | |
US3125327A (en) | williams | |
RU123126U1 (en) | SHAFT FURNACE FOR FIRING BULK MATERIALS | |
GB1372203A (en) | Kilns | |
US3856463A (en) | Inclined furnace for calcination and sintering of material particularly splint limestone | |
RU2638268C2 (en) | Mine kiln for roasting carbonate rocks | |
US1661742A (en) | Reducing and smelting furnace | |
US3131037A (en) | Oil gasifier | |
SU365541A1 (en) | VERTICAL MINE FURNACE FOR BURNING PERLITE IN THE WEIGHTED CONDITION | |
SU934173A1 (en) | Kiln for roasting dispersed material | |
US3023478A (en) | Gas-fired kiln | |
US2024707A (en) | Crucible furnace | |
SU297309A1 (en) | Gas cupola furnace | |
GB1262334A (en) | Gas burner with flashback prevention arrangement | |
US509257A (en) | Peter karl sommer |