US3588057A - Narcosis apparatus - Google Patents

Narcosis apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3588057A
US3588057A US768107A US3588057DA US3588057A US 3588057 A US3588057 A US 3588057A US 768107 A US768107 A US 768107A US 3588057D A US3588057D A US 3588057DA US 3588057 A US3588057 A US 3588057A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
anesthetic
throttle
sleeve
stem extension
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US768107A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans George Breiling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA
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Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA
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Publication date
Application filed by Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
    • A61M16/18—Vaporising devices for anaesthetic preparations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3368—Temperature

Definitions

  • the apparatus comprises a distribution chamber for a gas, a first conduit from the distribution chamber into a chamber in which the anesthetic is vaporized, a temperature sensing means in said vaporization chamber, a second bypass conduit from the distribution chamber having a throttle means interposed therein, said second conduit leading to a mixing chamber, an outlet conduit leading from the NARCOSIS APPARATUS
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for an anesthetic, more particularly, a vaporizer apparatus for an anesthetic provided with a bypass connected in parallel to the vaporizer.
  • a vaporizer apparatus for anesthetic having a bypass connected in parallel to the vaporizer in which control valves are provided in the bypass and the vaporizer lines is already known.
  • this apparatus there can be provided both in the bypass branch line and in the vaporizer branch line an adjustable choke in which the ratio of the gap width of the choke to the length of the choke in every possible position of the valve is less than
  • thermometer In order to avoid these disadvantages, it is already known to measure the temperature of the vaporizer for anesthetic by a thermometer, the anesthesiologist being given present in the lines being given a table on basis of which which he variably adjusts the valve present in the lines, depending on thetemperature read. This presupposes a continuous, careful observation of the thermometer, and it requires constant readjustment. Furthermore, the calibration there is obtained a socalled family of curves for different temperatures and concentrations of an anesthetic. Furthermore, the anesthesiologist must not only be able to follow the temperature, but also to read the calibration curve.
  • Vaporizers for anesthetics which are equipped with a socalled automatic temperature equalizer are also known. It consists of an orifice arranged in the stream of gas. The orifice is covered to a greater or lesser extent by a thermal bimetallic strip, depending on the prevailing temperature. In this manner, variations in temperature are to be counteracted by variations in the resistance to flow. When using thermal bimetallic strips, the danger of aging is present. Furthermore, it is possible that the adjustment is entirely distorted by an accidental bending of the bimetallic strip.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known apparatus and to provide an apparatus for anesthetics which on the one hand adjusts the concentration of the gas leaving the vaporizer so that it is practically constant even in case of variations in temperature and that furthermore, particularly when using anesthetics in the case of which the bypass line is entirely closed upon the reductions in temperature beyond a given amount, the concentration of the anesthetic gas leaving the apparatus has at least the saturation concentration at the given temperature.
  • the invention relates to a vaporizer for anesthetic having a bypass line which contains an adjustable choke or throttle and is connected in parallel with the vaporizer.
  • the invention resides in the fact that the stem of the bypass choke or throttle valve is provided with a stem extension which extends beyond the valve seat, passes through the wall of the vaporizer chamber in gastight manner and protrudes into said chamber. Further, a sleeve bearing the movable valve part and surrounding the stem extension of the stem is provided on the end of said extension. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the material from which the stem extension is made is smaller than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of which the sleeve connected to the movable valve is made.
  • the present invention has the advantage that upon a cooling of the anesthetic such as can occur in particular from the cold produced by vaporization, and the resultant decrease in the concentration of the anesthetic in the stream of gas leaving the vaporizer chamber, the quantity of gas passing through the bypass line is also reduced. Furthermore, the quantity of gas flowing through the vaporizer chamber can be thereby increased. An increase in the quantity of gas flowing through the vaporizer chamber causes increases vaporization so that to this extent the reduction of the vaporization of the anesthetic which results from the decrease in temperature as a result of the reduction of the vapor pressure is as a whole again counteracted.
  • the apparatus can be so adjusted that with a drop in the temperature below a given value, the bypass line is closed in the novel apparatus so that the entire quantity of gas flowing through the apparatus must pass through the vaporizer chamber.
  • the concentration of the anesthetic in the gas leaving the apparatus is then equal to the saturation pressure of the anesthetic at the temperature selected.
  • the initial gas used as a carrier for the anesthetic can consist for example of oxygen, oxygen and nitrous oxide, or the like. It passes through the pipe 1 into the distributing chamber 2. The latter is connected via the conduit 5 with the vaporizer chamber chamber 9, the outlet line 8 of which vaporizer chamber is connected with the mixing chamber 7.
  • the choke or throttle 3 is interposed in said line. From the distributing chamber 2 the bypass line 6 leads via the other choke or valve 4 also to the mixing chamber 7.
  • Both chokes or throttles 3 and 4 are adjustable and are characterized by the fact that the ratio of slot width 11 to slot length 10 is less than 10 in every position used.
  • the chokes or throttles. are of the double-cone valve type.
  • the two chokes 3 and 4 have stems 14 and 15, respectively, which are rigidly connected with the gear wheels 16 and 17, respectively, which in their turn mesh with each other so that whenthe handwheel 18 is turned for instance in clockwise direction while the stem 14- turns in counterclockwise direction while the stem 14 turns in counterclockwise direction.
  • the two spindles in the embodiment shown by way of way of example have their threads 19 in the same direction so that upon the movement described the one choke 4 is finally closed and the other choke 3 is fully opened.
  • the chokes 3 and 4 can also be connected together by some mechanical means for example by levers, in such a way that upon the opening of the one choke, the other is closed to the same degree or to a different degree.
  • the chokes 3 and 4 are so designed and adjusted that at a concentration setting of zero the choke 3 present in the path through the vaporizer chamber 9 is closed, while the choke 4 is fully opened.
  • the choke 4 present in the bypass 6 is closed, while the choke 3 is fully opened.
  • the choke 4 is designed as follows.
  • the stem is provided with a stem extension 21 which extends beyond the valve seat 4a, passes in gastight fashion through the wall of the vaporizer chamber 9 and extends into said chamber.
  • a sleeve 23 which surrounds the extension 21 and bears the movable valve part 4b.
  • the end 22 of the stem extension 21 bears a transverse pin which engages in two bores at the end of the sleeve 23.
  • the materials of which the extension 21 and the sleeve 23 are formed are so selected that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the extension 21 is less than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of which the sleeve 23 made.
  • the stem extension 21 can, for instance, consist of Ni 36 (lnvar alloys), Le, a material of very low thermal expansion, or of a suitable stainless steel, whereas the material in the sleeve is made of Teflon, nickel, indium nylon, or a material having a thermal coefficient or expansion larger than lnvar alloys or a suitable stainless steel. These materials must be inert to the anesthetics employed.
  • the anesthetic vaporizes and cools down. This results in a lowering of the vapor pressure whereby, with constant gap widths of the chokes 3 and 4, the concentration would decrease.
  • the sleeve 23 shortens more than the extension 21 contracts as a result of the cooling. In this way, the gap of the choke 4 is made smaller and, thus, the resistance of this choke is increased. Accordingly, less gas flows through the bypass line while on the other hand more gas passes through the vaporizer' chamber 9 so that the total quantity of anesthetic vaporized remains the same and thus, the concentration given off is held constant.
  • the choke 4 can now be so adjusted that it closes at a predetermined temperature.
  • the total quantity of gas then flows through the vaporizer chamber 9.
  • the anesthetic gas as the saturation concentration of the anesthetic.
  • concentration of anesthetic which corresponds to the corresponding saturation concentration.
  • An increase in the concentration of the anesthetic is no longer possible in this case.
  • a temperature measuring device 24 whose sensor or feeler 26 lies in the liquid anesthetic.
  • the temperature measuring device 24 can now be calibrated directly in saturation concentration so that the anesthesiologist can read off from this apparatus not only the temperature but at the same time the saturation concentration obtainable at the temperature prevailing at the time.
  • An apparatus for vaporizing an anesthetic having a bypass line in parallel to the vaporizer chamber comprising: a throttle on said bypass line, said throttle having a valve seat, a valve stem, a movable valve element, a valve stem extension protruding into said vaporization chamber, a sleeve surrounding the valve stem extension, said sleeve and stem extension being in a gastight relationship to said vaporization chamber, said valve stem extension being of a material having a thermal coefficient of expansion less than the thermal coefficientof expansion of said sleeve.
  • valve stem extension is in the vaporization chamber below a normal liquid level of an anesthetic being vaporized 3.
  • stem extension and the sleeve are fastened by a terminal coupling means.
  • An apparatus for the vaporization of an anesthetic providing improved control in respect to the amount of anesthetic administered to a patient comprising: a distribution camber for a gas, a first conduit from the distribution camber into a chamber in which the anesthetic is vaporized, a temperature sensing means in said vaporization chamber, a
  • second bypass conduit from the distribution chamber being a throttle means interposed therein, said second conduit leading to a mixing chamber, an outlet conduit leading from the vaporization chamber to the mixing chamber and having a valve means interposed therein, said throttle means in said bypass conduit having an annular slot defined by a movable element on a throttle stem extension, said stem extension protruding into the vaporization chamber and having a sleeve surrounding the same, means for fastening said sleeve and said stem extension, said sleeve being of a material having a higher thermal coefficient of expansion than the material of which the stern extension is made, and said throttle and valve means having means provided to engage each other.
  • thermosenor means is coupled to a scale calibrated to a vapor saturation indicating scale.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
US768107A 1967-10-21 1968-10-16 Narcosis apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3588057A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0054409 1967-10-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3588057A true US3588057A (en) 1971-06-28

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ID=7055720

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US768107A Expired - Lifetime US3588057A (en) 1967-10-21 1968-10-16 Narcosis apparatus

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3588057A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE722626A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR6803276D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1566596B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1589569A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1221373A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL160490C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE340860B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4009713A (en) * 1976-04-23 1977-03-01 Rama Corporation Nebulizer
US4182325A (en) * 1978-01-10 1980-01-08 Nat Camp Steam-air inhalator
US5062999A (en) * 1989-04-19 1991-11-05 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Vaporizer for an anesthetic medium
US5299565A (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-05 Brown James N Portable nebulizer apparatus
US6298845B1 (en) * 1998-09-02 2001-10-09 Siemens Elema Ab Vaporizer
US6554260B1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2003-04-29 Resmed Limited Humidifier for breathable gas apparatus
US20080066749A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Drager Medical Ag & Co. Kg Anesthetic vaporizer
US20100180893A1 (en) * 2009-01-16 2010-07-22 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Anesthetic vaporizer and temperature compensation unit
US20100201006A1 (en) * 2009-02-12 2010-08-12 Lee Ron C Method and apparatus for stable and adjustable gas humidification
US8267081B2 (en) 2009-02-20 2012-09-18 Baxter International Inc. Inhaled anesthetic agent therapy and delivery system
US20140238496A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Ibidi Gmbh Apparatus For Providing a Gas
US11185657B2 (en) * 2007-06-28 2021-11-30 ResMed Pty Ltd Removable and/or replaceable humidifier
CN115120828A (zh) * 2022-04-21 2022-09-30 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八0医院 用于手术室麻醉机的麻醉剂定量输送装置

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3702136A1 (de) * 1987-01-24 1988-08-04 Draegerwerk Ag Vorrichtung zur steuerung eines verdunsters mittels druckschwankungen
GB2217610A (en) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-01 Boc Group Plc Anaesthetic vaporisers
GB9000042D0 (en) * 1990-01-03 1990-03-07 Ralph John F Decorative wall covering applied to steel radiators
GB2239806B (en) * 1990-01-09 1993-06-02 Boc Group Plc Improvements in anaesthetic vaporisers

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4009713A (en) * 1976-04-23 1977-03-01 Rama Corporation Nebulizer
US4182325A (en) * 1978-01-10 1980-01-08 Nat Camp Steam-air inhalator
US5062999A (en) * 1989-04-19 1991-11-05 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Vaporizer for an anesthetic medium
US5299565A (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-05 Brown James N Portable nebulizer apparatus
US6298845B1 (en) * 1998-09-02 2001-10-09 Siemens Elema Ab Vaporizer
US7364140B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2008-04-29 Resmed Limited CPAP apparatus
US6554260B1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2003-04-29 Resmed Limited Humidifier for breathable gas apparatus
US20030132535A1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2003-07-17 Matthew Lipscombe Humidifier for breathable gas apparatus
US6772999B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2004-08-10 Resmed Limited Humidifier for breathable gas apparatus
US20040226560A1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2004-11-18 Resmed Limited Humidifier for breathable gas apparatus
US7237770B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2007-07-03 Resmed Limited Humidifier for breathable gas apparatus
US20080066749A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Drager Medical Ag & Co. Kg Anesthetic vaporizer
US7992843B2 (en) * 2006-09-20 2011-08-09 Dräger Medical GmbH Anesthetic vaporizer
US11185657B2 (en) * 2007-06-28 2021-11-30 ResMed Pty Ltd Removable and/or replaceable humidifier
US20100180893A1 (en) * 2009-01-16 2010-07-22 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Anesthetic vaporizer and temperature compensation unit
US8813744B2 (en) 2009-01-16 2014-08-26 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd Anesthetic vaporizer and temperature compensation unit
US20100201006A1 (en) * 2009-02-12 2010-08-12 Lee Ron C Method and apparatus for stable and adjustable gas humidification
US8267081B2 (en) 2009-02-20 2012-09-18 Baxter International Inc. Inhaled anesthetic agent therapy and delivery system
US20140238496A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Ibidi Gmbh Apparatus For Providing a Gas
US10037043B2 (en) * 2013-02-26 2018-07-31 Ibidi Gmbh Apparatus for providing a gas
CN115120828A (zh) * 2022-04-21 2022-09-30 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八0医院 用于手术室麻醉机的麻醉剂定量输送装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1221373A (en) 1971-02-03
SE340860B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-06
BE722626A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-04-01
BR6803276D0 (pt) 1973-03-07
NL160490B (nl) 1979-06-15
NL160490C (nl) 1979-11-15
FR1589569A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-03-31
DE1566596B1 (de) 1970-03-26
NL6814776A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-04-23

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