US3588038A - Automatic cock device - Google Patents

Automatic cock device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3588038A
US3588038A US770311A US3588038DA US3588038A US 3588038 A US3588038 A US 3588038A US 770311 A US770311 A US 770311A US 3588038D A US3588038D A US 3588038DA US 3588038 A US3588038 A US 3588038A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cock
water
circuit
capacitor
loss
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US770311A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tameo Tanaka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyokuto Giken Co Ltd
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Kyokuto Giken Co Ltd
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Application filed by Kyokuto Giken Co Ltd filed Critical Kyokuto Giken Co Ltd
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Publication of US3588038A publication Critical patent/US3588038A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945—Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector

Definitions

  • the member is adapted to be influenced 3 l 7/Digest 2, 3 17/ 146, 4/ 100 by the proximity of a hand of a human body thereto to cause a Int. Cl ..F16k 31/02, high frequency loss in the circuit including the member and HOlh 47/00 the hand, thereby causing a variation in the oscillating condi- Field of Search 317/123 tion of the tank circuit to operate a solenoid valve which con- (P); 251/129; 4/100, 166; 174/85, 1 10.44 trols the flow ofwater through the cock.
  • SHEET 1 [IF 3 PATENTEU JUN28 1971 SHEET 3 OF 3 AUTOMATIC COCK DEVICE
  • the invention relates to an automatic cock device based on the high frequency loss principle, and more particularly to such device for use in a water basin or a wash basin.
  • the high frequency loss system depends for its automatic operation of the cock upon the fact that when an article approaches an electrode'to which high frequency voltage is applied, the apparent h.f. loss in the oscillator circuit increases owing to the influence of the article, thus resulting in an increase in the anode current of the oscillator circuit. This avoids the necessity of windows used in the photoelectric system which are liable to be contaminated. Also, because the system operates on the basis of dielectric loss rather than capacitance, water does not have a dielectric loss comparable to that of a human body, so that it is a simple matter to provide a clear distinction between water and the human body. As compared with the ultrasonic system, the loss system removes the necessity of considering attenuation in air. Thus the h.f. loss system would be most suitable for application as an automatic cock device.
  • an electric charge varying at the same frequency appears by electrostatic induction at a part of the article adjacent the conductor.
  • the charge comprises two components, one by polarization of the article and the other due to an electric current which results from a flow of charge carriers within or on the surface of the article.
  • the human body is considered to be an aqueous electrolytic solution, and the principal factor of the polarization is an ionic polarization and the charge carriers are ions. At a high frequency, current flows very close to the surface owing to the skin effect.
  • the polarization causes an increase of capacitance and at the same time, losses are caused by retardation of polarization and mobility of the ions.
  • the net effect of this is equivalent to the connection of a series circuit of a capacitor and a resistor between the electrode and the ground.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are simplified circuit diagrams of the oscillator circuit used in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the oscillator circuit.
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the cock and the solenoid valve; illustrating the connection therebetween.
  • the embodiment shown includes an oscillator tube 1 which is shown to be a pentode having an anode and a cathode interconnected by a capacitor 2.
  • a fixed capacitor 3 and a variable capacitor 4 in parallel, and the cathode is connected through a choke coil 5 to the negative terminal of a DC supply which is simply indicated by plus and minus symbols.
  • the negative terminal is grounded through a bypass capacitor 6.
  • the suppressor grid is connected with the cathode as usual and the screen grid is connected to the negative supply terminal through a bypass capacitor 7 and is also connected to the positive supply terminal through a relay coil 20 having associated contacts 21.
  • the anode of the tube 1 is connected through a coil 8, a choke coil 9 and the relay coil 20 in series to the positive supply terminal, and the junction between the coils 8, 9 is connected through an insulating capacitor l0 and a coil 11 in series to the control grid of the tube 1.
  • the capacitor 10 provides a DC isolation.
  • the junction between the capacitor 10 and the coil lll is connected to the negative supply terminal through a parallel circuit including a grid leakage resistor 12 and a bypass capacitor 13.
  • the anode of the tube l is also connected through capacitors l4, 15 in series to a high frequency output terminal 16.
  • the whole oscillator circuit is housed in a metal casing 18, which is grounded.
  • the relay contacts 21 are connected in circuit with the energizing coil of a solenoid valve 22 which is connected in a water supply pipe 23.
  • An insulator pipe 24 is connected to the free end of the supply pipe and a metal cock or faucet 25 is fitted to the insulator pipe 24.
  • the cock 25 is electrically connected with the terminal 16.
  • the coils 8, 1 1 are tuning coils which cooperate with tuning capacitors 2, 3, 4 to form a tank circuit, which can be shown in a simplified form as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • numeral 30 denotes an inclusive capacitance across the anode and the cathode, including capacitor 2 and stray capacitances across these electrodes and those between connecting wires.
  • Numerals 31, 32 similarly denote inclusive capacitances across the grid and cathode and across the grid and anode, respectively, and numeral 33 denotes an inclusive tuning coil.
  • the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 2 is known as a Colpitts circuit. When the capacitive reactance of the capacitor 32 is considered as included in the inductive reactance of the coil 33 and when the high frequency effective resistance of the coil 33 is included in the circuit by a resistor 34, the circuit takes the form shown in FIG. 3.
  • the tank circuit comprising capacitors 2, 3, 4 and coils 8, 1 l is constructed to have a high Q-value.
  • the loss caused by a grid current represents a substantial part of the high frequency effective resistor 34.
  • Such grid current causes a high negative bias to be produced across the grid leakage resistor 12, so that the sum, I,, of anode and screen grid currents which flow through the relay coil 20 when the circuit is in oscillation will be very small.
  • the current flow through the relay coil 20 is insufficient to energize it, so that the contacts 21 remain open.
  • the insulating capacitor and bypass capacitors 7, 13 are chosen to have a capacitance whose reactance is negligibly small at the frequency of oscillation. Thus no high frequency voltage is applied across the grid leakage resistor 12 to cause h.f. loss therein.
  • the inductances and mutual coupling of the coils 8, 11 are chosen such that the insulating capacitor 10 assumes a position which divides the voltage across the tuning coil 33 in a proportion determined by the capacitors 30, 31, the cathode potential becomes near the ground, thereby reducing the loss in the choke coi1'5 connected in the cathode circuit.
  • variable capacitor 17 may be used as shown in FIG. 4, this capacitor being constructed such that an increase (or decrease) of anode-cathode capacitance results in a decrease (or increase) of grid-cathode capacitance.
  • the capacitor represents an adjustable capacitor which may be adjusted to vary the degree of coupling. Where this capacitor 15 has good insulation, the insulating capacitor 14 may be eliminated. Proper adjustment of the coupling degree by the capacitor 15 prevents any poor insulation between the cock 25 and the supply pipe 23 from influencing the oscillator in a manner to cause an increased degraded, and thus an attempt must be made to find a suitable setting for the capacitor 15.
  • connection of the choke coil 5 in the cathode circuit from being useful in avoiding the oscillation condition is influenced by variation of the capacitance across the anode and the ground.
  • the casing 18 is electrically connected with the drain and supply pipes 25 which are grounded, and thus the high frequency voltage is applied onlyto a localized area of the cock so that radio interference is substantially eliminated.
  • the terminal 16 may be connected to an electrically conductive member placed in or adjacent the water basin to substitute for the cock 25, which then may be of insulating material.
  • FIG. 5 shows a preferred construction of the supply pipe and cock assembly in which the cock 25 is electrically insulated from the supply pipe 23 and the parts of a water basin adjacent the cock.
  • the supply pipe 23 is connected with the inlet of a solenoid valve 22 whose outlet is connected with one end of the insulator pipe 24.
  • the faucet or cock 25 is connected with the other end of the insulator pipe, and for the purpose of supporting the assembly, the faucet extends through an opening in a water basin 35 of conventional ceramic material and is clamped thereto by a nut 36, there being provided insulator bushings 37, 38 for preventing the faucet from being wetted by water.
  • water repellent materials having symmetrical molecular structure and minimum high frequency loss at the involved frequency, such as, for example, polyethylene, polystyrol, ethylene tetrachloride or the like, are used for the parts 24, 37, 38 in order to prevent the degradation of the sensitivity which may be caused by the presence of water and the resulting increased equivalent loss of the oscillator circuit.
  • skin effect avoids any deleterious stimulus or influence upon the hand or any other part of the human body which may come into contact with the faucet 25. It should be understood that the oscillation power is sufficiently low to prevent any significant radiation of an electromagnetic wave, and with such power, the automatic cock device according to the invention is fully operative without danger to the human body.
  • Automatic cock device comprising a tank circuit having a high Q-value and including resistance and capacitance values, said tank circuit being constituted for oscillation at a frequency of around 40 Mc/S, a cock for a water basin, an electrically conductive member positioned adjacent the water basin, the member being electrically insulated from the ground, means for coupling the member electrically with the tank circuit, and a solenoid valve for allowing or.
  • said member being adapted to be influenced by the proximity of a hand thereto to vary the resistance of the tank circuit and influence the Q-value to cause a high frequency loss in the circuit including the member and the hand, thereby causing a variation in the oscillating condition of the tank circuit substantially independently of capacitance change, the variation serving to operate the solenoid valve.
  • the tank circuit is coupled in a vacuum tube oscillator of Colpitts type, the tank circuit including a tuning coil across the anode and control grid of the tube, said coil being divided, at a position having a high frequency potential substantially near the cathode potential, by a series DC isolation capacitor having a sufficiently low impedance to the oscillation frequency, one
  • variable capacitor is in series with an insulating capacitor of high insulation.
  • Automatic cock device in which the member is insulated from a water supply pipe and/or the water basin by material having symmetrical molecular structure and minimum high frequency loss at the frequency involved.

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  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
US770311A 1967-10-25 1968-10-24 Automatic cock device Expired - Lifetime US3588038A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP42068321A JPS4838489B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-10-25 1967-10-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3588038A true US3588038A (en) 1971-06-28

Family

ID=13370423

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US770311A Expired - Lifetime US3588038A (en) 1967-10-25 1968-10-24 Automatic cock device

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3588038A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4838489B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0035892A3 (en) * 1980-03-06 1982-04-21 Heatrae-Sadia Heating Limited Fluid flow control
US4921131A (en) * 1988-07-27 1990-05-01 Horst Binderbauer Liquid dispenser
US4941219A (en) * 1989-10-10 1990-07-17 International Sanitary Ware Manufacturing Cy, S.A. Body heat responsive valve control apparatus
US5086526A (en) * 1989-10-10 1992-02-11 International Sanitary Ware Manufacturin Cy, S.A. Body heat responsive control apparatus
US5730165A (en) * 1995-12-26 1998-03-24 Philipp; Harald Time domain capacitive field detector
US6611921B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2003-08-26 Microsoft Corporation Input device with two input signal generating means having a power state where one input means is powered down and the other input means is cycled between a powered up state and a powered down state
US6703599B1 (en) 2002-01-30 2004-03-09 Microsoft Corporation Proximity sensor with adaptive threshold
US6954867B2 (en) 2002-07-26 2005-10-11 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing employing a repeatable offset charge
EP0918309B2 (fr) † 1997-11-24 2008-12-10 Valeo Securite Habitacle S.A.S. Système de verrouillage pour véhicule automobile équipé d'un système de détection de l'approche d'un utilisateur
US20090039176A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2009-02-12 Masco Corporation Of Indiana User Interface for a Faucet
US8089473B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-01-03 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Touch sensor
US8118240B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-02-21 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Pull-out wand
US8127782B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2012-03-06 Jonte Patrick B Multi-mode hands free automatic faucet
US20120055557A1 (en) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-08 Belz Jeffrey J Faucet including a capacitance based sensor
US8162236B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-04-24 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Electronic user interface for electronic mixing of water for residential faucets
US8376313B2 (en) 2007-03-28 2013-02-19 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive touch sensor
US8469056B2 (en) 2007-01-31 2013-06-25 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Mixing valve including a molded waterway assembly
US8561626B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2013-10-22 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive sensing system and method for operating a faucet
US8613419B2 (en) 2007-12-11 2013-12-24 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive coupling arrangement for a faucet
US8776817B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2014-07-15 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Electronic faucet with a capacitive sensing system and a method therefor
US8944105B2 (en) 2007-01-31 2015-02-03 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive sensing apparatus and method for faucets
US8950019B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2015-02-10 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Lavatory system
US8997271B2 (en) 2009-10-07 2015-04-07 Bradley Corporation Lavatory system with hand dryer
US9170148B2 (en) 2011-04-18 2015-10-27 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Soap dispenser having fluid level sensor
US9175458B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2015-11-03 Delta Faucet Company Faucet including a pullout wand with a capacitive sensing
US9243392B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2016-01-26 Delta Faucet Company Resistive coupling for an automatic faucet
US9243756B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2016-01-26 Delta Faucet Company Capacitive user interface for a faucet and method of forming
US9267736B2 (en) 2011-04-18 2016-02-23 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Hand dryer with point of ingress dependent air delay and filter sensor
US9758953B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2017-09-12 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Basin and hand drying system
US10041236B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2018-08-07 Bradley Corporation Multi-function fixture for a lavatory system
US10100501B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2018-10-16 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Multi-purpose hand washing station
US11015329B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2021-05-25 Bradley Corporation Lavatory drain system
USD1071682S1 (en) * 2023-03-01 2025-04-22 Apex Brands, Inc. Wrench

Cited By (63)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0035892A3 (en) * 1980-03-06 1982-04-21 Heatrae-Sadia Heating Limited Fluid flow control
US4921131A (en) * 1988-07-27 1990-05-01 Horst Binderbauer Liquid dispenser
US4941219A (en) * 1989-10-10 1990-07-17 International Sanitary Ware Manufacturing Cy, S.A. Body heat responsive valve control apparatus
US5086526A (en) * 1989-10-10 1992-02-11 International Sanitary Ware Manufacturin Cy, S.A. Body heat responsive control apparatus
US5730165A (en) * 1995-12-26 1998-03-24 Philipp; Harald Time domain capacitive field detector
EP0918309B2 (fr) † 1997-11-24 2008-12-10 Valeo Securite Habitacle S.A.S. Système de verrouillage pour véhicule automobile équipé d'un système de détection de l'approche d'un utilisateur
US20050168438A1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2005-08-04 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing and data input device power management
US7023425B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2006-04-04 Microsoft Corporation Data input device power management including beacon state
US6611921B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2003-08-26 Microsoft Corporation Input device with two input signal generating means having a power state where one input means is powered down and the other input means is cycled between a powered up state and a powered down state
US6816150B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2004-11-09 Microsoft Corporation Data input device power management including beacon state
US6850229B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2005-02-01 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing and data input device power management
US20050078085A1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2005-04-14 Microsoft Corporation Data input device power management including beacon state
US6661410B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2003-12-09 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing and data input device power management
US6995747B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2006-02-07 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing and data input device power management
US20050200603A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2005-09-15 Microsoft Corporation Proximity sensor with adaptive threshold
US6933922B2 (en) 2002-01-30 2005-08-23 Microsoft Corporation Proximity sensor with adaptive threshold
US7002550B2 (en) 2002-01-30 2006-02-21 Microsoft Corporation Proximity sensor with adaptive threshold
US6703599B1 (en) 2002-01-30 2004-03-09 Microsoft Corporation Proximity sensor with adaptive threshold
US20040142705A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2004-07-22 Microsoft Corporation Proximity sensor with adaptive threshold
US7479944B2 (en) 2002-01-30 2009-01-20 Microsoft Corporation Proximity sensor with adaptive threshold
US6954867B2 (en) 2002-07-26 2005-10-11 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing employing a repeatable offset charge
US20050240785A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2005-10-27 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing employing a repeatable offset charge
US7124312B2 (en) 2002-07-26 2006-10-17 Microsoft Corporation Capacitive sensing employing a repeatable offset charge
US9243391B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2016-01-26 Delta Faucet Company Multi-mode hands free automatic faucet
US8528579B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2013-09-10 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Multi-mode hands free automatic faucet
US8365767B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2013-02-05 Masco Corporation Of Indiana User interface for a faucet
US9715238B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2017-07-25 Delta Faucet Company Electronic user interface for electronic mixing of water for residential faucets
US11886208B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2024-01-30 Delta Faucet Company Electronic user interface for electronic mixing of water for residential faucets
US8162236B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-04-24 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Electronic user interface for electronic mixing of water for residential faucets
US8243040B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-08-14 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Touch sensor
US8118240B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-02-21 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Pull-out wand
US10698429B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2020-06-30 Delta Faucet Company Electronic user interface for electronic mixing of water for residential faucets
US9856634B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2018-01-02 Delta Faucet Company Fluid delivery device with an in-water capacitive sensor
US8089473B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-01-03 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Touch sensor
US9285807B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2016-03-15 Delta Faucet Company Electronic user interface for electronic mixing of water for residential faucets
US9243756B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2016-01-26 Delta Faucet Company Capacitive user interface for a faucet and method of forming
US20090039176A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2009-02-12 Masco Corporation Of Indiana User Interface for a Faucet
US9228329B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2016-01-05 Delta Faucet Company Pull-out wand
US8844564B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2014-09-30 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Multi-mode hands free automatic faucet
US8127782B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2012-03-06 Jonte Patrick B Multi-mode hands free automatic faucet
US9243392B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2016-01-26 Delta Faucet Company Resistive coupling for an automatic faucet
US8469056B2 (en) 2007-01-31 2013-06-25 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Mixing valve including a molded waterway assembly
US8944105B2 (en) 2007-01-31 2015-02-03 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive sensing apparatus and method for faucets
US8376313B2 (en) 2007-03-28 2013-02-19 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive touch sensor
US8950019B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2015-02-10 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Lavatory system
US8613419B2 (en) 2007-12-11 2013-12-24 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive coupling arrangement for a faucet
US9315976B2 (en) 2007-12-11 2016-04-19 Delta Faucet Company Capacitive coupling arrangement for a faucet
US8997271B2 (en) 2009-10-07 2015-04-07 Bradley Corporation Lavatory system with hand dryer
US8776817B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2014-07-15 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Electronic faucet with a capacitive sensing system and a method therefor
US8561626B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2013-10-22 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Capacitive sensing system and method for operating a faucet
US9394675B2 (en) 2010-04-20 2016-07-19 Delta Faucet Company Capacitive sensing system and method for operating a faucet
US9797119B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2017-10-24 Delta Faucet Company Faucet including a capacitance based sensor
US9187884B2 (en) * 2010-09-08 2015-11-17 Delta Faucet Company Faucet including a capacitance based sensor
US20120055557A1 (en) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-08 Belz Jeffrey J Faucet including a capacitance based sensor
US9441885B2 (en) 2011-04-18 2016-09-13 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Lavatory with dual plenum hand dryer
US9267736B2 (en) 2011-04-18 2016-02-23 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Hand dryer with point of ingress dependent air delay and filter sensor
US9170148B2 (en) 2011-04-18 2015-10-27 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Soap dispenser having fluid level sensor
US9758953B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2017-09-12 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Basin and hand drying system
US9175458B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2015-11-03 Delta Faucet Company Faucet including a pullout wand with a capacitive sensing
US10100501B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2018-10-16 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Multi-purpose hand washing station
US10041236B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2018-08-07 Bradley Corporation Multi-function fixture for a lavatory system
US11015329B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2021-05-25 Bradley Corporation Lavatory drain system
USD1071682S1 (en) * 2023-03-01 2025-04-22 Apex Brands, Inc. Wrench

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4838489B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-11-17

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