US3587786A - Zone demand elevator system - Google Patents

Zone demand elevator system Download PDF

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US3587786A
US3587786A US877645A US3587786DA US3587786A US 3587786 A US3587786 A US 3587786A US 877645 A US877645 A US 877645A US 3587786D A US3587786D A US 3587786DA US 3587786 A US3587786 A US 3587786A
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zone
car
relay
calls
assigned
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Henry C Savino
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CBS Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/02Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
    • B66B1/06Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
    • B66B1/14Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements
    • B66B1/18Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements with means for storing pulses controlling the movements of several cars or cages

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  • Westerhoff ABSTRACT An elevator system in which available cars are assigned to proceed to zones of floors selected in accordance with an effective pattern of zones requiring service and the pattern of cars already serving corridor calls is improved by a1- tering the effective pattern of zones requiring service when all of the zones having unanswered corridor calls therein have been provided for and an additional car becomes available so that the additional available car can be assigned to assist in serving corridor calls.
  • FIG. 9 PAT NO. 3,256,958
  • This invention relates to elevator systems and more particularly to elevator systems in which a plurality of elevator cars are arranged to serve as a bank in a structure having a plurality of landings which are divided into zones.
  • the effective pattern of zones requiring elevator service is altered as the cars are assigned to those zones.
  • the effective pattern of zone demands is restored to the pattern of zones having unanswered corridor calls.
  • the effective pattern of zones requiring service can be altered by blocking the zone demand signal in zones occupied by a car conditioned to serve the registered calls in the associated zone.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an elevator system embodying the invention with those portions directly effected by the invention being shown in straight line form and with the remaining portions of the circuit shown in block diagram form;
  • FIGS. 2 through 4 are schematic views of an elevator installation illustrating the application of the subject invention thereto.
  • the subject invention is an improvement in the elevator system disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,256,958, hence it will be described in detail as applied to the circuits illustrated in that patent hereinafter referred to as "the patent.”
  • the patent is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.
  • the circuits not specifically described herein it can be assumed that they function as illustrated and described in the patent except of course that the overall operation of the system will be modified by the subject invention.
  • the invention may be incorporated in an elevator system having any desired number of elevator cars, arranged either for attendant operation or for automatic operation to serve any desired number of floors, however, the invention may be described adequately with reference to an elevator system having three elevator cars arranged for fully automatic operation.
  • the patent was applied to a building having six floors, this invention will be described as being applied to a building having seven floors in order to more clearly illustrate the operation of the invention.
  • the floors will be divided into three zones for the purpose of serving down corridor calls. Accordingly, landings 2 and 3 are considered zone 1 which is identified by the reference character Z1, landings four and five comprise zone 2 identified as Z2 while landings six and seven constitute the third zone identified as Z3.
  • zones can encompass any number of landings as long as at least one zone includes more than one landing.
  • the first landing or lower terminal is identified as zone Z0 since it is considered a zone for certain purposes.
  • Electromagnetic switches and relays employed in the control circuits may have numerous contacts of either the make or the break type.
  • Each set of contacts of a relay or switch is designated by the reference character employed for the relay or switch, followed by a suitable numeral specific to the set of contacts.
  • the reference characters ZD2 and ZD8 designate, respectively, the second and eighth sets of contacts associated with thezone demand switch ZD.
  • the symbols designating the contacts on the schematic view indicate whether a particular set of contacts are make or break. For instance, the contacts ZD2 are make contacts which are normally open and do not close until the relay ZD is energized while the contacts ZD8 are break contacts which are normally closed.
  • the three cars utilized in the system are referred to as the A, B and C car. Although some of the relays and switches utilized are common to all the cars, others are individual to each car. For instance, there is a down call assigned relay FA for each car.
  • the down call assigned relay associated with the elevator car A is identified by the reference character FA, however, the reference characters for the down call assigned relays associated with the B and C cars are preceded by the respective car identifier, i.e. BFA and CFA respectively. Therefore, throughout the patent and this application, relays and switches associated with an individual car will be preceded by the appropriate car identifier except in the case of the A car.
  • FIG. I which is specific to the car A and certain apparatus common to all the elevator cars, is set forth as follows:
  • Apparatus for Elevator Car A FA-down call assigned relay FR-available car relay FUup call assigned relay DB-down zone call below relay LW-load switch Mrunning relay SHdown zone assigned relay X'down preference relay Z0, Z1, Z2, Z3zone position relays.
  • the invention will be described as being applied to the distribution of service to down corridor calls. It could also be applied to up corridor calls although providing equitable service to up calls is not as difficult as for down calls since most up calls in a building originate from the lower terminal floor while the down corridor calls appear randomly throughout the building.
  • the down floor call registering relay for that floor is energized and remains energized until the elevator car answers the call.
  • Contacts of the appropriate down call registering relay in FIG. 1 close to energize the associated down zone demand registering relay K1, K2 or K3.
  • the down zone demand registering relay K1 is associated with the first down zone comprising the second and third floors
  • the relay K2 is associated with the second down zone comprising the fourth and fifth floors
  • the relay K3 is associated with the third down zone which consists of the sixth and seventh floors.
  • Each of these relays is energized by makecontacts of the down floor call registering relays for the floors in the zone with which the respective relay is associated.
  • Each of the down zone demand registering relays K1, K2 and K3 has a canceling coil associated therewith identified by the same reference character followed by the suffix N.
  • the down zone demand registering relay K3 for the third down zone has a cancelling coil K3N wound on the same core and energized in opposition to the energization of the relay energizing coil. Consequently, when the cancelling coil is reset and drops out.
  • the down zone demand registering relay for a particular zone will be deenergized if all of the calls in the zone have been satisfied since under these conditions the contacts for all of the down floor call registering relays associated with the floors in the particular zone will be open. ln addition, the down zone demand registering relay can be dropped out even though down calls are still registered in the zone through the energization of the associated cancelling coil.
  • the elevator car A is conditioned for down travel (make contacts X9 are closed), is not fully loaded (break contacts LW3 of the load switch are closed), is located at the fourth or fifth floor (make contacts 22-3 of the second zone position relay are closed) and is not assigned to serve a particular down zone (break contacts Sl-l8 of the down zone assigned relay are closed), or if it is assigned to particularly serve the second down zone (break contacts 8H8 are opened), when it reaches such zone (make contacts 8T4 of the assigned zone stopping relay closed), and all of the zones requiring down service have not yet been provided for (break contacts AD3 of the auxiliary demand relay are closed), the following energizing circuit is established:
  • the down zone demand registering relay cancelling coils KIN AND K3N operate in a manner similar to that described for the cancelling coil K2N, as will be apparent by inspection of F 1G. 1.
  • a down floor call in order for one of the relays K1, K2 or K3 to be picked up, a down floor call must be registered for a floor in the associated down zone, but when such a down floor call is registered, the associated down zone demand registering relay may be dropped out as a result of the operation of its associated cancelling coil; i.e., a down floor call must be registered in order to register a down zone demand for service, but the absence of the registration ofa down zone demand for service does not necessarily indicate the absence of a registered down floor call for a floor in the associated down zone, in addition, the energization of the down zone demand registering relay does not necessarily indicate the absence of a car in the zone conditioned to answer the registered down floor calls in the zone.
  • Pick up of the relay K0 indicates the existence of a demand for elevator service for the first floor.
  • This relay is energized by means other than by the registration of a down corridor call and reference should be made to FIG. 8 of the patent for an illustration of the circuits for energizing this relay.
  • the patent describes in great detail a scheme for assigning elevator cars to zones having their zone demand registering relays energized to provide service for the down floor calls registered in such zones.
  • a zone demand relay ZD is energized when the number of down zones requiring service exceeds the number of cars serving down calls.
  • Energization of this relay is controlled by a bridge circuit having one arm consisting of resistors R25, R26, R27 and R28 in series, with each resistor shunted respectively by the break contacts K0-3, Kl-5, 02-5 and K3-4 of the appropriate zone demand registering relay.
  • the other arm of the bridge circuit is composed of resistors R31, R32, R33 and R34 in series.
  • the resistor R32 is shunted by break contacts FAll of the down call assigned relay for the A car in series with the make contacts KB2 of the down zone call below relay associated with the A car.
  • the resistors R33 and R34 are shunted by appropriate contacts of the down call assigned relay and down zone call below relays associated with the B and C cars respectively.
  • the down call assigned relays, for instance FA are energized while the associated car is being assigned to serve down calls.
  • the down call assigned relay will remain energized until the car reverses direction at the assigned call.
  • the down zone call below relays for instance KB associated with the A car, are energized at all times except when the associated car is traveling down and a down zone demand registering relay for a zone below the car is energized. It can be seen therefore, that the resistors R32, R33 and R34 will be shunted except when a car is set for down travel and there is a down zone demand registered below the car or the car is traveling up to serve a down zone demand.
  • the resistors R31 through R34 are all equal in value to each other and to the value of the resistors R25 through R28. It can be appreciated then, that with no down zone demands registered all of the resistors in the upper arm of the bridge circuit are shunted so that the effective resistance of this arm is zero. Under these conditions, no cars will be serving down demands so that the resistors R32, R33 and R34 are also shunted. However, the resistor R31 is always a part of the effective resistance of the lower arm of the bridge circuit. Reference to the patent will show that the relay ZD will remain deenergized unless the effective resistance in the upper arm of the bridge circuit is equal to or greater than the effective resistance in the lower arm of the bridge circuit.
  • the relay ZD will be deenergized.
  • the resistor R27 will be introduced into the upper arm of the bridge circuit. Since the resistor R27 equals the resistor R3], the total effective resistance in the upper arm of the bridge circuit is equal to that in the lower arm of the bridge circuit thereby resulting in the energization of the zone demand relay ZD.
  • the relay ZD is therefore actually a master zone demand relay which is energized when there are more demands than there are cars serving those demands.
  • Energization of the zone demand relay ZD results in the closing of the make contacts ZD2. Reference to the patent will show that this will result in the energization of a down call assigned relay, such as FA for the A car, through appropriate car and zone selection circuits. Energization of the relay FA results in opening of the break contacts FAll thereby inserting the resistor R32 into the lower arm of the bridge circuit. Since the total effective resistance in the lower arm of the bridge circuit is now twice that in the upper arm of the bridge circuit, the relay ZD will be deenergized to indicate that a car has been assigned to serve the down zone demand in the second down zone.
  • a down call assigned relay such as FA for the A car
  • the contacts FAll will remain open until the car reaches the second zone and reverses direction.
  • the contacts K82 will remain open to insert the resistor R32 into the lower arm of the bridge circuit.
  • the relay ZD serves as a master down zone demand relay which is energized whenever there is a down zone requiring down elevator service which has not been provided for.
  • the zone is provided for when there is a car on its way to serve the demand. It can be further appreciated that if a car is already in position, the down zone demand is provided for without assigning an available car. For instance, if the A car is already traveling down in the third down zone when the down zone demand registering relay K2 for the second zone is energized, the contacts K82 of the down zone call below relay KB will open to insert the resistor R32 into the lower arm of the bridge circuit thereby preventing the energization of the relay ZD.
  • the circuits of the patent assign the first car that becomes available to the highest zone requiring down elevator service.
  • the next car to become available is assigned to begin serving down corridor calls at approximately the middle-zone of down zones having their down zone demand registering relay picked up.
  • Cars which subsequently become available are assigned either to the highest down zone requiring service if there is no car assigned to such zone or above such zone, or to the midpoint of the unsatisfied demands.
  • the auxiliary demand relay AD when a car becomes available so that the appropriate contacts of its available car relay, such as FR20 for the A car, are closed and all the down demands as well as the up demands have been provided for so that the contacts ZD8 and DU6 are closed, then the auxiliary demand relay AD will be energized.
  • energization of the relay AD results in opening of break contacts of this relay in the circuits for the canceiling coils of all of the down zone demand registering relays so that the down zone demand registering relays for all down zones having unanswered down landing calls therein will be energized despite the presence of a down traveling car in the zone.
  • the AD relay would be picked up and held in by the ADl contacts despite an increase in demand. Since as will be seen below, it is desirable not to alter the pattern of down zone demands until all the zones are provided for, it is desirable to reset the AD relay after every car is assigned to determine whether the conditions for energizing the circuit still prevail.
  • contacts of the down call assigned relays and the up call assigned relays such as break contact FAl3 and FUl2 for the A car, are inserted in series with the AD relay. This results in deenergization of the AD relay every time a car is assigned and this relay can only be reenergized if no up or down demands exist (contacts ZD8 and ZU6 are both closed).
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 illustrate the usefulness of the invention.
  • the grouping of the landings into zones is shown by the brackets embracing the selected floors and appropriately labeled through Z3 on the left-hand side of each diagram.
  • Registered down floor calls for selected floors are shown on the right side of each diagram by inverted triangles.
  • the solid triangles indicate down floor calls at floors in a zone not occupied by a car serving down floor calls in that zone, while the open triangles indicate down floor calls in zones so occupied.
  • the location of the cars is indicated by the blocks labeled with the appropriate car designation adjacent the floor position of the car.
  • the solid arrows extending from the block indicate the direction of travel of the car.
  • the absence of a solid arrow attached to a car block indicates that the car is available at the floor at which it is located.
  • the dotted arrow indicates the travel of the car after it has been assigned.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the operation of the invention to assign a car, which would otherwise stand idle, to assist in serving down corridor calls in zones which have already been provided for.
  • the C car is at the third floor which is in the first zone and is serving in the up direction. It therefore has no effect on the service to the down corridor calls.
  • the B car is located at the seventh floor which is in the third zone and is serving down corridor calls.
  • the A car is at rest at the second floor and is available for service.
  • down corridor calls are registered at the fourth, fifth and sixth floors.
  • the registration of the down calls at the fourth and fifth landings results in the closing of the contacts 4DR4 and SDR4 to provide parallel circuits for the energization of the down zone demand registering relay K2 for the second zone.
  • the registration of the down corridor call at the sixth landing results in the closing of the contacts 6DR4 thereby providing a circuit for the energization of the down zone demand registering relay K3 for the third zone.
  • the relay K3 will not be picked up because with the B car at the seventh floor (make contacts BZ3-3), not assigned to a lower down zone (break contacts BSH8), set for down travel (make contact BX9), not fully loaded (switch BLW3) and since at this point the relay AD is deenergized so that the contacts AD2 are closed, the cancelling coil k3N for the down zone demand registering relay associated with the third down zone will be energized.
  • the down zone demand relay ZD will not be energized since with only the down zone demand registering relay for the second down zone energized, only the resistor R27 will be introduced into the upper arm of the bridge circuit by the opening of the break contact K2-5.
  • the resistors R31 and R33 since the contacts BKBZ will be open with a demand registered in a zone below the B car, will be inserted in the lower arm of the bridge circuit.
  • the total effective resistance in the lower arm of the bridge circuit will exceed that in the upper arm of the bridge circuit and the relay ZD will remain deenergized. Therefore, without a master down demand registered, the A car will remain idle.
  • the available car is assigned to the second down zone. Therefore, as indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG. 2 the A car will proceed to the highest down call in the second zone, which is at the fifth floor, and reverse. As a result, the B car will serve the down call at the sixth floor and the A car will serve the down calls at the fifth and fourth landings. It can be seen that although the down calls in the second and third zone were provided for,
  • FIG. 3 illustrates how the invention is also useful in expediting the assignment of an available car.
  • the B car is stopped at a down floor call registered at the fourth floor which is in the second down zone.
  • the C car is at the lower terminal floor and has been selected as the next car to be dispatched in the up direction therefrom. Reference to the patent will show that this next car designation is an indication that the C car is being held at the lower terminal floor in order to receive passengers desiring travel in the upward direction.
  • the A car in the situation illustrated in FIG. 3 is available at the second floor.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the point that in order to achieve better distribution of the cars in service, the down zone demands in a zone occupied by a car serving down calls should be cancelled until all of the zones requiring service have been provided for.
  • the C car is traveling in the up direction at the second floor serving up corridor calls
  • the B car is located at the seventh floor serving down corridor calls
  • the A car is available at the fifth floor.
  • down calls are registered at the sixth, fourth, third and second floors.
  • the zone selection circuits of the patent will assign the A car to proceed to the highest down call in the first zone and begin serving down calls from that point. It can be seen then from FIG. 4 that the A car will serve the down calls at the third and second floors while the D car will serve the down calls at the sixth and fourth floors. It will be clear from reference to FIG. I that even though the contacts FR of the available car relay for the A car are closed, the relay AD cannot be energized since the contacts ZD8 of the down zone demand relay are open.
  • an elevator system a structure having a plurality of landings, said landings being divided into zones with at least one zone having at least two landings therein, a plurality of cars mounted for movement relative to the structure to serve the landings, and control means for controlling the movement of the car between the landings, said control means including call registering means operable for registering a call for service from a plurality of said landings, availability means associated with each of a plurality of said cars and operable to condition the associated car to be available for assignment to serve registered calls, assignment means for assigning an available car to proceed to a zone having a registered call when no car is in position to serve the call until all such zones are provided for, said assigning means including means for selecting the zone to which the cars are to be assigned from a plurality of zones requiring service according to the pattern of such zones and the pattern of cars already serving those calls, and additional means operative to assign an additional available car to a zone already provided for only after all other zones having registered calls have been provided for.
  • said call registering means comprises means operative to register calls for service in a first direction from each of a plurality of said landings and including means for indicating when all zones having registered first direction landing calls are provided for including means responsive to the presence of at least one car conditioned to serve first 'direction landing calls displaced in the second direction from each zone having a registered first direction landing call and not occupied by a car conditioned to serve first direction landing calls within the zone for each such zone.
  • the additional means includes means operative in the presence of an available car after all the zones have been provided for to reestablish a need for a car in a zone already provided for yet having registered calls still unanswered therein whereby said assignment means can assign the available car to assist in serving registered calls.
  • a structure having a plurality of landings, said landings being divided into zones with at least one zone having at least two landings therein, a plurality of cars mounted for movement relative to the structure to serve the landing, and control means for controlling the movement of the cars between the landings, said control means including call registering means operable for registering a call for service from a plurality of said landings, availability means associated with each of a plurality of said cars and operable to condition the associated car to be available for assignment to serve registered calls, zone demand means responsive to the registration of a call in a zone for registering a demand for service for the associated zone, modifying means operative under first predetermined conditions to render selected zone demand means ineffective thereby generating a pattern of effective zone demands, assignment means responsive to the effective pattern of zone demands and the pattern of cars serving registered calls for determining the assignment of available cars to serve the registered calls and disabling means operative under second predetermined conditions to disable the modifying means.
  • said call registering means comprises means for registering a call for service in a first direction from each of a plurality of said landings, wherein said zone demand means are operative to register a demand for service in said first direction when a first direction call is registered in the associated zone, wherein said assignment means is operative to assign available cars to serve the first direction calls, and wherein the modifying means includes means responsive to the presence of a car in a zone conditioned to serve first direction calls within the zone for rendering the associated zone demand means ineffective despite the presence ofa registered first direction call within the zone.
  • said disabling means includes means operative to disable said modifying means in response to the presence of a car in position to serve each of the effective zone demands.
  • disabling means includes means operative to disable the modifying means only in response to the presence of an additional available car.
  • said disabling means includes means operative to disable said modifying means in response to the presence of a car in position to serve each of the effective first direction zone demands including cars assigned by the assigning means to travel in the second direction to reach the assigned first direction calls, said disabling means being operative to disable the modifying means only when an available car is present.
  • an elevator system a structure having a plurality of landings, said landings being divided into zones with at least one zone having at least two landings therein, a plurality of cars mounted for movement relative to the structure to serve the landings, and control means for controlling the movement of the cars between the landings, said control means including call registering means operable for registering a call for service from a plurality of said landings, availability means associated with each of a plurality of said cars and operable to condition the associated car to be available for assignment to serve registered calls, zone demand means associated with a plurality of zones and operable in response to the registration of a call at a landing within the zone to establish a demand for service to the associated zone, master zone demand means operable from a first condition to a second condition in response to the presence of zone demands in excess of the number of cars serving registered calls, assignment means responsive to the operation of the master zone demand means to the second condition for assigning an available car to serve the registered calls, cancelling means operable to cancel a zone demand when a car serving registered calls enter

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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US877645A 1969-11-18 1969-11-18 Zone demand elevator system Expired - Lifetime US3587786A (en)

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US (1) US3587786A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5338490B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE758982A (fr)
DE (1) DE2055851A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES385283A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2069619A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1281970A (fr)
NL (1) NL7016910A (fr)
SE (1) SE364493B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3732950A (en) * 1971-12-06 1973-05-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Elevator systems
US3851733A (en) * 1973-03-12 1974-12-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Elevator system
US4007812A (en) * 1975-07-07 1977-02-15 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Elevator system
SG92597A1 (en) * 1994-01-10 2002-11-19 Otis Elevator Co Elevator swing car service of interrise hall calls
US6601678B2 (en) * 2001-02-12 2003-08-05 Inventio Ag Method of allocating elevator cars to operating groups of a destination call control

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5846995U (ja) * 1981-09-25 1983-03-30 出口 茂俊 競技用t型弓術用具
US5480005A (en) * 1992-05-26 1996-01-02 Otis Elevator Company Elevator swing car assignment to plural groups
CN115676542A (zh) * 2022-10-26 2023-02-03 广州赛特智能科技有限公司 一种乘梯调度方法、系统、设备及介质

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB643908A (en) * 1947-01-15 1950-09-27 Westinghouse Electric Int Co Improvements in or relating to elevator systems
FR1042244A (fr) * 1950-09-16 1953-10-29 Otis Elevator Co Perfectionnements aux ascenseurs
US2934170A (en) * 1959-01-21 1960-04-26 Toledo Scale Corp Automatic zoning control
FR1521498A (fr) * 1967-03-07 1968-04-19 Otis Elevator Co Système de commande multiple d'ascenseurs par zones
US3504770A (en) * 1967-10-17 1970-04-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Elevator supervisory system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3732950A (en) * 1971-12-06 1973-05-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Elevator systems
US3851733A (en) * 1973-03-12 1974-12-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Elevator system
US4007812A (en) * 1975-07-07 1977-02-15 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Elevator system
SG92597A1 (en) * 1994-01-10 2002-11-19 Otis Elevator Co Elevator swing car service of interrise hall calls
US6601678B2 (en) * 2001-02-12 2003-08-05 Inventio Ag Method of allocating elevator cars to operating groups of a destination call control

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FR2069619A5 (fr) 1971-09-03
GB1281970A (en) 1972-07-19
NL7016910A (fr) 1971-05-21
DE2055851A1 (de) 1971-11-18
SE364493B (fr) 1974-02-25
BE758982A (fr) 1971-05-17
ES385283A1 (es) 1973-08-16
JPS5338490B1 (fr) 1978-10-16

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