US3581456A - Applying a threaded closure by magnetic impulse - Google Patents
Applying a threaded closure by magnetic impulse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3581456A US3581456A US776335A US3581456DA US3581456A US 3581456 A US3581456 A US 3581456A US 776335 A US776335 A US 776335A US 3581456D A US3581456D A US 3581456DA US 3581456 A US3581456 A US 3581456A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- neck
- skirt
- cap
- container
- closure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67B—APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS
- B67B3/00—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps
- B67B3/02—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps by applying flanged caps, e.g. crown caps, and securing by deformation of flanges
- B67B3/10—Capping heads for securing caps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
Definitions
- this invention provides a method for forming a closure on the neck finish of a filled container by placing over the neck finish of the container a cap having an electrically conductive skirt adapted to conform to the neck finish when pressed against the finish. Then a transient magnetic field is applied to the skirt to press the skirt against the neck finish with sufficient force to conform it to the neck finish.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged, exploded, crosssectional view of the cap and the source of a transient magnetic field with the threaded neck of the container in elevation;
- FIG. 2' is an enlarged, partial-sectional view of the cap and source and of the threaded neck positioned for forming the closure on the neck;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial-sectional view of the cap and source and of the threaded neck during the forming of the twist-off closure on the threaded neck of the container:
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the formed closure on the threaded neck of the container.
- FIG. 1 shows a source 25 of a strong, transient magnetic field, a neck ll7 of a filled container having formed therein threads 19 with roots 21, and a cap 13 having a skirt I1 and a means for sealing the open mouth in the neck of the container, such as a plastisol or cork gasket 23.
- the skirt ll of the cap 13 is made of an electrically conductive and deformable material, such as copper or aluminum, and is adapted to fit slidably over the container neck 17.
- the container neck 17 is made of a nonconductive and substantially rigid material, such as glass or plastic.
- caps composed of aluminum and containers composed of glass, as has been essentially stan dard in the familiar twist-off closure.
- caps and necks having different qualities of deforma bility and conductivity would be suitable for magnetically forming a closure on the neck ofa container
- the source 25 is positioned in surrounding, near proximity to this bottle-cap assembly. The source 25 is sufficiently close to the skirt ll of the cap 13 and is able to produce a magnetic field of sufficient strength to deform the skirt ill to the contours of theneck finish.
- the pressure of the source 25, squeezing the skirt ll of the cap 13 against the neck finish, causes the cap to be held tightly to the container neck 17 to form a closure that can be easily uncapped by twisting the cap 13 relative to the container neck 17.
- the source 25 must generate a high-intensity, transient magnetic field, of sufficient strength to cause a strong pressure to be exerted on the skirt of the cap.
- a fast-acting switching device to rapidly discharge current, stored in a capacitor bank, into a coil of wire, it is known that a rapidly varying current will be produced in the coil, and as a result thereof, an intense moving magnetic field will be generated by the coil.
- This field applied to the skirt of the cap, induces the formation of eddy currents in the skirt, which currents in turn generate a secondary magnetic field.
- the secondary field then reacts against the primary field of the coil to produce a magnetic pressure between the skirt of the cap and the coil.
- the effect of the resulting mag netic pressure is to urge the conductive, deformable skirt 1] of the cap 13 to deform into threaded engagement with the nondeformable and nonconductive threaded neck 17 of the container.
- the container neck 17 deformable it would be crimped inwardly by the skirt l1 pressed thereagainst, and were the container neck 17 conductive, a resultant magnetic pressure between it and the coil would occur that would tend to diminish the deforming pressure on the skirt lll.
- the magnetic pressure of the claimed invention accomplishes substantially the same result as has been previously accomplished only by the physical contact required in mechanical methods of capping.
- a cap of tubular aluminum having a skirt thickness of 0.035 inches was placed on the threaded neck of a glass bottle.
- a helical coil having 33 turns of 0.025-inchdiameter copper wire and having, with a voltage breakdown rating of at least 9,000 volts DC a resistance of 0.300 ohms, and inductance of 45 microhenrys, and an efficiency of 3.5 percent at the surface of the skirt at 8,400 c.p.s., was held about the skirt of the cap.
- a workpiece is most efficiently deformed when the transient magnetic field does not pass through the workpiece.
- Skin depth is a measure of the penetration of the field in the workpiece, and has been found to be inversely proportioned to the frequency of the applied field. Accordingly, 8,400 c.p.s. was used to obtain a skin depth" in the tubular aluminum cap of0.035 inch.
- the coils were constructed as follows: The unformed aluminum cap was measured to determine the coil dimensions; these dimensions were then machined into a form made of Wood's alloy; the wire was then wound over this form using epoxy resin as a binder; and after curing the structure at room temperature, the form made of Woods alloy was melted out at 75 C., leaving an interior contour of the coil with a close fit over the skirt of the cap.
- the minimum height of the coil is determined by the area to be formed and was made no higher than the skirt of the cap. Since the coil is subjected to a force equal to that on the skirt of the cap, though opposite in direction, the wire and epoxy binder were selected with sufficient mechanical strength to withstand such force.
- the wire was also selected to minimize electrical resistance and with a view to the number of turns of wire which'might be closely wound in the area determined for the coil.
- the number of turns of wire was also selected to maximize the magnetic field and to minimize coil inductance, which are both directly related to the number of turns of wire. Accordingly, the helical coil was constructed with 33 turns of 0.025-inch copper wire.
- the workpiece should be highly conductive and suitably ductile.
- the first quality relates to minimizing the energy loss due to heating of the skirt of the cap by the eddy currents, and the latter relates to minimizing the force necessary to deform the skirt of the cap.
- Copper, aluminum and steel, whether alone or combined with a highly conductive plating material such as copper or aluminum, have been found to be satisfactory for use in the skirt of the cap.
- Aluminum is the preferred material due to its high conductivity, excellent ductility and also good resistance to corrosion.
- a transient magnetic field could be applied to a ductile and conductive neck of a container, having a nonconductive plug placed at an orifice in the neck, so as to squeeze the neck about the plug and seal the container, or a neck finish could comprise retaining lugs instead of threads.
- a method for forming a twist-off closure for the threaded neck of a container comprising the steps of:
- a cap having a ductile and electrically conductive skirt, which skirt is adapted to conform to the contours of the neck finish of the container when pressed against the neck; and applying a transient magnetic field to the skirt to press the skirt against the contours of the neck finish with sufficient force to conform the skirt to the neck finish, a contour of roots and threads being impressed in the inner surface of the skirt which includes threads conforming closely to the roots of the neck finish.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US77633568A | 1968-11-18 | 1968-11-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3581456A true US3581456A (en) | 1971-06-01 |
Family
ID=25107101
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US776335A Expired - Lifetime US3581456A (en) | 1968-11-18 | 1968-11-18 | Applying a threaded closure by magnetic impulse |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3581456A (en) |
CA (1) | CA918230A (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3957005A (en) * | 1974-06-03 | 1976-05-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for making a metal can end |
DE3210566A1 (en) * | 1982-03-23 | 1983-10-06 | Aldo Artusi | METHOD FOR MOVING A BODY FIXED TO A CARRIER |
FR2568863A1 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1986-02-14 | Vni Ex K I Prodovolst | Collar closing bottles by deforming caps electromagnetically |
DE3936251A1 (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1990-05-03 | Showa Aluminum Corp | REFRIGERANT CONTAINER |
US4934552A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1990-06-19 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Sealed vessel and a process for producing the same |
US5442846A (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1995-08-22 | Snaper; Alvin A. | Procedure and apparatus for cold joining of metallic pipes |
US5452506A (en) * | 1992-11-05 | 1995-09-26 | Magnet-Physik Dr. Steingroever Gmbh | Process for removing container seals |
US5619878A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1997-04-15 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for manufacturing a corrugated metal pipe |
US20060107715A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2006-05-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Process for producing tubular ring with beads and die for use therein |
US20070029326A1 (en) * | 2003-07-07 | 2007-02-08 | Pulsar Welding Ltd. | Magnetic pulse welding method and apparatus for sealing a vessel and a sealed vessel |
US20080250758A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-10-16 | Johannes Rauschnabel | Apparatus for Closing Containers |
US20090134147A1 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2009-05-28 | Pulsar Welding Ltd. | Method and apparatus for sealing high pressure vessels using magnetic pulsing with high radial impact speed; vessels manufacturing according to such methods |
US20100064751A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2010-03-18 | Anthenat Alan S | Method and apparatus for high velocity electromagnetic sealing of containers |
US20100275439A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2010-11-04 | Pablo Pasquale | Multiple tube processing coil |
JP2016505385A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2016-02-25 | アデエム28 エス.アエール.エル | Joining method by magnetic pressure bonding |
EP3184188A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-28 | Guala Closures S.p.A. | Method of forming a closure member |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3214832A (en) * | 1964-10-21 | 1965-11-02 | Robert J Schwinghamer | Method of magnetically releasing clamped objects |
US3426564A (en) * | 1967-05-31 | 1969-02-11 | Gulf General Atomic Inc | Electromagnetic forming apparatus |
US3475243A (en) * | 1966-03-28 | 1969-10-28 | Owens Illinois Inc | Container sealing method |
-
1968
- 1968-11-18 US US776335A patent/US3581456A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-10-23 CA CA065636A patent/CA918230A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3214832A (en) * | 1964-10-21 | 1965-11-02 | Robert J Schwinghamer | Method of magnetically releasing clamped objects |
US3475243A (en) * | 1966-03-28 | 1969-10-28 | Owens Illinois Inc | Container sealing method |
US3426564A (en) * | 1967-05-31 | 1969-02-11 | Gulf General Atomic Inc | Electromagnetic forming apparatus |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3957005A (en) * | 1974-06-03 | 1976-05-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for making a metal can end |
DE3210566A1 (en) * | 1982-03-23 | 1983-10-06 | Aldo Artusi | METHOD FOR MOVING A BODY FIXED TO A CARRIER |
FR2568863A1 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1986-02-14 | Vni Ex K I Prodovolst | Collar closing bottles by deforming caps electromagnetically |
US4934552A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1990-06-19 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Sealed vessel and a process for producing the same |
DE3936251C2 (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1999-02-04 | Showa Aluminum Corp | Refrigerant tank |
DE3936251A1 (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1990-05-03 | Showa Aluminum Corp | REFRIGERANT CONTAINER |
US5452506A (en) * | 1992-11-05 | 1995-09-26 | Magnet-Physik Dr. Steingroever Gmbh | Process for removing container seals |
US5442846A (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1995-08-22 | Snaper; Alvin A. | Procedure and apparatus for cold joining of metallic pipes |
US5619878A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1997-04-15 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for manufacturing a corrugated metal pipe |
AU689890B2 (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1998-04-09 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method and device for manufacturing a corrugated metal pipe |
US7487655B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2009-02-10 | Kobe Steel, Ltd | Process for producing tubular ring with beads and die for use therein |
US20060107715A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2006-05-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Process for producing tubular ring with beads and die for use therein |
US20070029326A1 (en) * | 2003-07-07 | 2007-02-08 | Pulsar Welding Ltd. | Magnetic pulse welding method and apparatus for sealing a vessel and a sealed vessel |
US20080250758A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-10-16 | Johannes Rauschnabel | Apparatus for Closing Containers |
US20090134147A1 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2009-05-28 | Pulsar Welding Ltd. | Method and apparatus for sealing high pressure vessels using magnetic pulsing with high radial impact speed; vessels manufacturing according to such methods |
US20100064751A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2010-03-18 | Anthenat Alan S | Method and apparatus for high velocity electromagnetic sealing of containers |
US8316677B2 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2012-11-27 | Anthenat Alan S | Method and apparatus for high velocity electromagnetic sealing of containers |
US20100275439A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2010-11-04 | Pablo Pasquale | Multiple tube processing coil |
US9492858B2 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2016-11-15 | Pablo Pasquale | Multiple tube processing coil |
JP2016505385A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2016-02-25 | アデエム28 エス.アエール.エル | Joining method by magnetic pressure bonding |
EP3184188A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-28 | Guala Closures S.p.A. | Method of forming a closure member |
WO2017108611A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | Guala Closures S.P.A. | Method of forming a closure member |
CN108602107A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-09-28 | 刮拉瓶盖股份公司 | The method for forming closure member |
US11498109B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2022-11-15 | Guala Closures S.P.A. | Methods of forming closure members |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA918230A (en) | 1973-01-02 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: AMERICAN NATIONAL CAN COMPANY, STATELESS Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:AMERICAN CAN PACKAGING INC.;TRAFALGAR INDUSTRIES, INC. (MERGED INTO);NATIONAL CAN CORPORATION (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004835/0354 Effective date: 19870430 Owner name: AMERICAN NATIONAL CAN COMPANY Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:AMERICAN CAN PACKAGING INC.;TRAFALGAR INDUSTRIES, INC. (MERGED INTO);NATIONAL CAN CORPORATION (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004835/0354 Effective date: 19870430 Owner name: AMERICAN CAN PACKAGING INC., CONNECTICUT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:AMERICAN CAN COMPANY, A NJ CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004835/0338 Effective date: 19861107 Owner name: AMERICAN CAN PACKAGING INC., AMERICAN LANE, GREENW Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:AMERICAN CAN COMPANY, A NJ CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004835/0338 Effective date: 19861107 |