US3580240A - Disposable electrode with self-sealing plug outlet - Google Patents

Disposable electrode with self-sealing plug outlet Download PDF

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Publication number
US3580240A
US3580240A US792038*A US3580240DA US3580240A US 3580240 A US3580240 A US 3580240A US 3580240D A US3580240D A US 3580240DA US 3580240 A US3580240 A US 3580240A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
self
unit
reservoir
disposable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US792038*A
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English (en)
Inventor
Louis Ciro Cosentino
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
F Hoffmann La Roche AG
Kontron Inc
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F Hoffmann La Roche AG
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Filing date
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Assigned to ROCHE MEDICAL ELECTRONICS INC., A CORP. OF NJ reassignment ROCHE MEDICAL ELECTRONICS INC., A CORP. OF NJ ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE INC.
Assigned to KONTRON INCORPORATED reassignment KONTRON INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ROCHE MEDICAL ELECTRONICS INC. A CORP. OF NJ.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/251—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body
    • A61B5/257—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body using adhesive means, e.g. adhesive pads or tapes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/263—Bioelectric electrodes therefor characterised by the electrode materials
    • A61B5/266—Bioelectric electrodes therefor characterised by the electrode materials containing electrolytes, conductive gels or pastes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0209—Special features of electrodes classified in A61B5/24, A61B5/25, A61B5/283, A61B5/291, A61B5/296, A61B5/053
    • A61B2562/0217—Electrolyte containing

Definitions

  • an electrode apparatus for use in deriving electrical signals from an animal or human subject including a disposable interface unit and a reusable electrode plug unit
  • the disposable interface unit comprises: a unitary fabricated nonconductive member having a reservoir adapted to contain a viscous electrolyte, and outlet means extending from the reservoir to an upper surface of the member including a self-sealing closure means adapted to detachably receive the electrode plug when inserted therein.
  • This invention relates broadly to improvements in electrodes and, more particularly, to such electrodes which are especially designed for application on an animal or human subject in the monitoring of bioelectronic potentials.
  • the present invention is mainly directed for implementation with measurement instruments such aselectrocardiographic, electroencephalographic and similar devices, which require for their operation an electrically conductive link with a human subject, to apply electrical signals to and/or derive electrical signals from the subject.
  • measurement instruments such aselectrocardiographic, electroencephalographic and similar devices, which require for their operation an electrically conductive link with a human subject, to apply electrical signals to and/or derive electrical signals from the subject.
  • electrolytic liquid or paste to a human subject intermediate the skin surface and an electrode, for enhancing the passage of electrical current.
  • the nondisposable type such as those employing solid silver plates or silver-silver chloride pellets are, as a rule, quite costly. Furthermore, the common experience with these type electrodes has found them to be difficult to clean.
  • the most common disposable electrode presently available is ordinarily of cupped configuration and usually contains a silver chloride coated silver disc recessed within the cup. Disposable type electrodes have been found to be relatively inexpensive and, have been proven to be extremely advantageous as they provide savings in application time and conserve valuable nursing time by eliminating electrode cleaning for reuse. However, on the whole, the disposable electrodes do not provide as good a quality recording as the nondisposable type.
  • a disposable electrode interface unit which, to some extent, incorporates the desirable electrical characteristics of nondisposable type electrodes with the simplicity and convenience of disposable types. Achievement of the foregoing is attained in this invention by a disposable electrode interface unit comprising an electrolyte filled reservoir adapted for physical contact by releasable securement with the skin surface of a subject, and where an electrode connection is accomplished with a self-sealing closure arrangement contained within the disposable electrode interface unit.
  • the disposable electrode unit is fitted for use with a removable protective cover at the reservoir area allowing for convenient packaging of the device.
  • Additional advantages of the invention include: the superfluous need for a patient to continuously wear and bear the inconvenience of an electrode unit with dangling wires; the capability of conveniently using only a single machine and a common electrode connection for immediate recording with a number of patients; and, enabling the electrode portion of a disposable electrode unit to be easily cleaned and normally stored in a dry state.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view with part shown in section and a detachable electrode plug.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical section taken along the center line 3-3 of FIG. I.
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the disposable electrode member illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view with part shown in section and an electrode plug connected to the disposable electrode member.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 an electrode unit of the present invention, basically comprising a disposable member I0 separable from but designed for use with an electrode member 11.
  • the disposable member 10 basically comprises a circular disclike member 12 having a low-profile including a slightly rounded top 13 and a generally flat planar bottom 14 made to be com patible with an animal or human surface for placement thereon.
  • Member 12 is of unitary fabrication comprising an electrical insulating material e.g., plastic or rubber, and preferably of a suitable lightweight resilient material.
  • the underside or bottom of member 12 is substantially recessed from an opening 15, to generally reduce member 12 to a relative thin wall defining a reservoir 17 adapted to contain an electrolyte 18, preferably of the viscous type.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 Projecting outwardly from a side of member 12 and integral therewith, there is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a neck portion 19 having an outlet 21 adapted to communicate with a passageway 22 extending through the neck into the reservoir.
  • the neck configuration depicted is not only aesthetically pleasing, but is also quite practical as will become readily apparent to the reader hereinafter.
  • the passageway 22 at outlet 21, is constructed to contain a self-sealing closure feature 23 which, as illustrated, normally maintains outlet 21 in a closed condition.
  • the self-sealing closure in the present embodiment, is achieved in the fabrication of resilient member 12 where an area of neck portion 19 is formed to have a normally doughnutlike closed hole 24 shape.
  • the self-sealing closure at outlet 21 is analogous, in certain respects, to a balloon shaped opening.
  • Closure 23, as constructed, will so enclose an electrolytic paste stored in the reservoir and passageway, to prevent the paste from leaking out.
  • the bottom of member 10 takes on an annular shape 25, which is covered with a suitable adhesive material 26, facilitating application of member 10 to that skin portion of the subject selected for investigation.
  • a removable impermeable protective cover 27 which serves the double function of maintaining adhesive surface 26 in a clear condition prior to use and preventing exposure of electrolyte 18 during storage of member 10.
  • An electrode plug member 11, depicted in FIGS. 2 and 5, is adapted to be compatible with outlet 21, for conjugation purposes as will be described hereinafter.
  • the head of electrode plug member 11 has a conductive pellet 28 preferably of silver, silver chloride, which pellet 28 is encased in a housing member 29 of epoxy or other suitable material such as hard rubber.
  • the housing member is given a configuration compatible with outlet 21 and passageway 22 in such a manner that a firm detachable engagement is formed, as depicted in FIG. 5, upon insertion of the electrode plug in outlet 21.
  • Within the electrode plug member pellet 28 is connected to a suitably shielded conductor lead 31 for transmitting a signal output from the electrode member 10 to a recording device.
  • the user would first tear open a package in which disposable electrode member 10 might be stored. After cleaning the skin with alcohol, the impermeable protective cover 27 is removed from over adhesive surface 25 and opening IS. The bottom surface of member I0 including the electrolytic paste in the reservoir, is then attached to the patient by an application of light pressure.
  • the electrode plug member 11 which may be permanently connected with a recording device, is then inserted into outlet 21 and by application of sufficient pressure closure 23 will open to permit further insertion of the electrode plug providing for a detachable engagement within electrode member as is shown in FIG. 5, in which position pellet 2B is drawn into electrical contact with electrolytic paste l8 enabling a desired recording to be accomplished.
  • electrode plug member 11 may be disen gaged from the disposable electrode member 10, and readily cleaned for immediate use on any other patient, whereas upon such removal, closure 23 immediately returns to its closed condition by reason of the self-sealing feature to maintain the electrolytic paste in an unexposed state.
  • the nonexposure of the electrolytic paste is desirable as virtually most all of these pastes loose their viscosity and electrical transmitting characteristics when exposed to air for substantial durations.
  • electrode member 10 may be advantageously left in place on the patient without a multitude of dangling wires, for later use, thus enabling a single recording machine to be employed for several patients.
  • An electrode unit fabricated in accordance with the principles of the present invention, was tested on the body of a human patient, whereby in use it was found to be completely free from motion artifacts and DC baseline shifts. In addition, it was found to exhibit low polarization impedance and provided signal recordings equivalent or better than existing electrode techniques.
  • neck 19 of electrode member 10 may take on other shapes or configurations, and may extend upwardly as opposed to the sideward projection il lustrated with respect to the preferred embodiment. It is also noted, that outlet 21, closure 23 and passageway 22, could, with proper fabrication, be incorporated into the main body of disposable electrode member 11 rather than in an extension portion exemplified by neck 19.
  • the outlet 21 of disposable electrode member 10 might be supplied with a cap for further minimizing electrolytic paste leakage or exposure, especially in its packaged state.
  • straps might be employed in attaching the disposable electrode member to a body area, as a substitute for or to supplement adhesive 25.
  • an electrode apparatus for use in a system for deriving electrical signals from a human or animal subject, including a disposable interface unit and a reusable electrode plug unit, said disposable interface unit comprising:
  • a unitary fabricated nonconductive member having an upper surface including outlet means and a bottom surface adapted for placement on the subject a recess at the bottom surface defining in said member a reservoir adapted to contain a viscous electrolyte
  • said outlet means extending from said reservoir to the upper surface of said member and including self-sealing closure means adapted to detachably receive the electrode plug unit when inserted therein.
  • said outlet means comprises an elongated neck and said selflsealing closure means defines an inwardly protruding portion forming a resilient circular ridge to bias said closure means in a normally closed configuration.
  • said electrode plug unit includes a surface formed on said plug unit to complement said outlet means when said selfsealing closure means is biased in an open condition for tight fitting mechanical engagement therewith.
  • an electrode apparatus for use in a system for deriving electrical signals from a human or animal subject including a disposable interface unit and a reusable electrode plug unit said disposable interface unit comprising:
  • a unitary fabricated resilient, nonconductive disclike member including outlet means and having a bottom surface adapted for placement on the subject
  • said outlet means extending from said reservoir to an upper surface of said member and including self-sealing closure means adapted to detachably receive the electrode plug unit when inserted therein.
  • said outlet means comprises an elongated neck and said self-sealing closure means includes an inwardly protruding portion forming a doughnutlike closed hole.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
US792038*A 1969-01-17 1969-01-17 Disposable electrode with self-sealing plug outlet Expired - Lifetime US3580240A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US79203869A 1969-01-17 1969-01-17

Publications (1)

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US3580240A true US3580240A (en) 1971-05-25

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US792038*A Expired - Lifetime US3580240A (en) 1969-01-17 1969-01-17 Disposable electrode with self-sealing plug outlet

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3580240A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH506998A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2001686A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2028515A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1236350A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7000639A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862633A (en) * 1974-05-06 1975-01-28 Kenneth C Allison Electrode
US4109648A (en) * 1975-12-18 1978-08-29 National Research Development Corporation Electrode assemblies
US4126126A (en) * 1976-07-27 1978-11-21 C. R. Bard, Inc. Non-metallic pregelled electrode
US4157710A (en) * 1978-02-13 1979-06-12 Abitbol Moise M Abdominal electrode for fetal monitoring
US4166457A (en) * 1976-08-16 1979-09-04 University Of Utah Research Institute Fluid self-sealing bioelectrode
US4477971A (en) * 1981-11-06 1984-10-23 Motion Control, Inc. Iontophoretic electrode structure
USRE32724E (en) * 1979-06-21 1988-08-02 American Hospital Supply Corporation Reusable medical electrode having disposable electrolyte carrier
US4832036A (en) * 1985-05-13 1989-05-23 Baxter International Inc. Medical electrode
US5566671A (en) * 1994-05-23 1996-10-22 Lyons; Chad Medical acoustic sensor receptacle
US6711427B1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2004-03-23 Milwaukee Electronics Corporation Skin abrading medical electrode mounting and packaging system
US20070106141A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2007-05-10 Henri Hannula Electrode structure for measuring electrical responses from the human body
US10433756B1 (en) * 2018-05-31 2019-10-08 CeriBell, Inc. Adjustable geometry wearable electrodes
US10888240B2 (en) 2016-03-29 2021-01-12 CeriBell, Inc. Methods and apparatus for electrode placement and tracking
US20220347466A1 (en) * 2018-12-27 2022-11-03 Bogdan Gabriel Ionescu Device for an electrophysiology procedure

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2320116A1 (fr) * 1975-08-06 1977-03-04 Guerineau Jacques Electrodes medicales
SE454941B (sv) * 1983-10-28 1988-06-13 Astra Tech Ab Elektrod, fastsugbar med vacuum, och en elektrodplatta for en elektrod, avsedd for t ex ekg-metningar
GB2240928A (en) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-21 Polymedical Limited Skin contact electrode
JP6865610B2 (ja) * 2017-03-27 2021-04-28 日本光電工業株式会社 生体電極、生体電極ユニット、及び、生体電極パッケージ

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2126070A (en) * 1932-04-29 1938-08-09 Wappler Frederick Charles Electrotherapy
US2493155A (en) * 1947-01-09 1950-01-03 Mine Safety Appliances Co Apparatus for treating skin diseases
US3187745A (en) * 1961-08-01 1965-06-08 Melpar Inc Electrodes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2126070A (en) * 1932-04-29 1938-08-09 Wappler Frederick Charles Electrotherapy
US2493155A (en) * 1947-01-09 1950-01-03 Mine Safety Appliances Co Apparatus for treating skin diseases
US3187745A (en) * 1961-08-01 1965-06-08 Melpar Inc Electrodes

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862633A (en) * 1974-05-06 1975-01-28 Kenneth C Allison Electrode
US4109648A (en) * 1975-12-18 1978-08-29 National Research Development Corporation Electrode assemblies
US4126126A (en) * 1976-07-27 1978-11-21 C. R. Bard, Inc. Non-metallic pregelled electrode
US4166457A (en) * 1976-08-16 1979-09-04 University Of Utah Research Institute Fluid self-sealing bioelectrode
US4157710A (en) * 1978-02-13 1979-06-12 Abitbol Moise M Abdominal electrode for fetal monitoring
USRE32724E (en) * 1979-06-21 1988-08-02 American Hospital Supply Corporation Reusable medical electrode having disposable electrolyte carrier
US4477971A (en) * 1981-11-06 1984-10-23 Motion Control, Inc. Iontophoretic electrode structure
US4832036A (en) * 1985-05-13 1989-05-23 Baxter International Inc. Medical electrode
US5566671A (en) * 1994-05-23 1996-10-22 Lyons; Chad Medical acoustic sensor receptacle
US6711427B1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2004-03-23 Milwaukee Electronics Corporation Skin abrading medical electrode mounting and packaging system
US20070106141A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2007-05-10 Henri Hannula Electrode structure for measuring electrical responses from the human body
US7440789B2 (en) * 2003-11-18 2008-10-21 Nexstim Oy Electrode structure for measuring electrical responses from the human body
US10888240B2 (en) 2016-03-29 2021-01-12 CeriBell, Inc. Methods and apparatus for electrode placement and tracking
US12150769B2 (en) 2016-03-29 2024-11-26 CeriBell, Inc. Methods and apparatus for electrode placement and tracking
US12324670B2 (en) 2016-03-29 2025-06-10 CeriBell, Inc. Methods and apparatus for electrode placement and tracking
US12336826B2 (en) 2016-03-29 2025-06-24 CeriBell, Inc. Methods and apparatus for electrode placement and tracking
US10433756B1 (en) * 2018-05-31 2019-10-08 CeriBell, Inc. Adjustable geometry wearable electrodes
US11357434B2 (en) 2018-05-31 2022-06-14 CeriBell, Inc. Adjustable geometry wearable electrodes
US20220347466A1 (en) * 2018-12-27 2022-11-03 Bogdan Gabriel Ionescu Device for an electrophysiology procedure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1236350A (en) 1971-06-23
CH506998A (de) 1971-05-15
NL7000639A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-21
DE2001686A1 (de) 1970-07-30
FR2028515A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-09

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AS Assignment

Owner name: KONTRON INCORPORATED, EVERETT, MASS. A CORP. OF DE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ROCHE MEDICAL ELECTRONICS INC. A CORP. OF NJ.;REEL/FRAME:004011/0651

Effective date: 19820526

Owner name: ROCHE MEDICAL ELECTRONICS INC., A CORP. OF NJ, NEW

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE INC.;REEL/FRAME:004048/0917

Effective date: 19820525

Owner name: ROCHE MEDICAL ELECTRONICS INC., NUTLEY, NJ A CORP.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE INC.;REEL/FRAME:004048/0917

Effective date: 19820525