US3578883A - Unloader for multicylinder refrigeration compressors - Google Patents

Unloader for multicylinder refrigeration compressors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3578883A
US3578883A US824627A US3578883DA US3578883A US 3578883 A US3578883 A US 3578883A US 824627 A US824627 A US 824627A US 3578883D A US3578883D A US 3578883DA US 3578883 A US3578883 A US 3578883A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
inlet
valve
chamber
cylinders
servo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US824627A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence W Cheney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Copeland Refrigeration Corp
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Copeland Refrigeration Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Copeland Refrigeration Corp filed Critical Copeland Refrigeration Corp
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Publication of US3578883A publication Critical patent/US3578883A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/225—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves with throttling valves or valves varying the pump inlet opening or the outlet opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/074—Details of compressors or related parts with multiple cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/026—Compressor control by controlling unloaders
    • F25B2600/0261—Compressor control by controlling unloaders external to the compressor

Definitions

  • An important object of the present invention is therefor to provide an improved system which is installed during manufacture, and all of the major components of which are internal with the exception of a single component which is the only element apt to require servicing during the expectable life of the compressor and which is so constructed and installed that while accessible for service, the danger of accidental damage thereto is insignificant.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a system which although powered by discharge gas pressure is not sensitive to variations in such pressure, does not involve throttling of the inlet gas, and does not cause overheating.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary partly sectional end elevational view of a three-bank radial reciprocating compressor incorporating the present invention and FIG. 2 is a cross section taken substantially on line "-11 of FIG. 1, and looking in the direction of the arrows.
  • Reference character 10 designates generally the body or cylinder block portion of a multicylinder refrigeration compressor shown as having three banks respectively designated ll, 12 and 13. Although only two cylinders are illustrated, comprising cylinder 15 in bank 12 and cylinder 16 in bank 13, it will be recognized that each bank may contain one, two or more cylinders and that the construction illustrated typifies known commercial practice and is merely illustrative insofar as the compressor itself is concerned.
  • the inlet (not shown) to the compressor is in open communication with all of the riser passages as l8, 19 leading to the cylinders in each bank.
  • all of the discharge chambers as 21, 22 of the cylinders in the several banks are in open communication with the outlet (not shown) of the compressor.
  • Suction chambers 23, 24 in each bank communicate only with the inlet ports of the cylinders of their respective banks, each suction chamber receiving refrigerant from its individual riser passage as 18 or 19.
  • only bank 12 is equipped with unloading means.
  • the inlet port 26 in valve plate 27 communicates via inlet valve means 28 with cylinder 15, while the outlet port 31 in the valve plate leads from the cylinder 15 via outlet valve means 32 to discharge chamber 21.
  • valve 35 slidable in the cylinder head 36, biased open by spring means 37, and movable to and from sealing engagement with inlet passage 20 in the valve plate.
  • the upper portion of the valve is shaped to define a piston portion 38 slidable in a servo cylinder 39 formed in the head and acting to guide the valve.
  • Cylinder 39 is connected via communicating passageways 41, 42 with a valve chamber 43 in a solenoid valve body 40 attached to the top of the cylinder head 36.
  • Valve chamber 43 contains a shuttle valve ball 44 shiftable axially in the body 40 amount of external tubing and apparatus which is subject to to alternatively connect either the suction chamber 23 or discharge chamber 21 to servo cylinder 39.
  • the valve ball is located by a combined seat and cage ring 45 and movable between a down position seated on ring 45 in which it blocks communication between chamber 43 and discharge chamber 21 and an up position in which it is seated against an upper coaxially disposed seat ring 46 and blocks communication between chamber 43 and suction chamber 23.
  • chamber 43 When the ball 44 is in the down position, chamber 43 communicates with suction chamber 23 via the orifice in port member 46, chamber 47 above such port member and communicating passages 48, 49 in the valve body 40 and head 36 respectively.
  • Ball 44 is biased downwardly by a compression spring 58 which bears downwardly against a vertically slidable solenoid armature 50 carrying a stem member 51 which projects downwardly through the port in ring 46, the stem being substantially smaller in cross section than the port in the ring so that it does not prevent fluid conductive communication through the port.
  • the unloading valve 35 is operative to selectively disable one-third of the compressor.
  • the discharge pressure is always sufficient to fully close the valve or valves 35, so long as one or more cylinders are operating while, when. the solenoid is energized, the discharge pressure is immediately effective to force the ball 44 tightly against the upper seat 46 so that valve 35 opens quickly and fully and no throttling occurs in either direction.
  • a multicylinder refrigeration compressor having a com mon inlet for all cylinders, a discharge chamber in pressure conductive communication with all of the cylinders, an inlet chamber in the line of flow between less than all of the cylinders and said inlet, and an unloader valve movable to open and close communication between said inlet and said inlet chamber
  • the novelty which comprises in combination, actuating means for said unloader valve consisting of fluid motor means, and a servo valve movable to open and close communication between said fluid motor means and said discharge chamber, said servo valve comprising a shuttle valve for alternatively connecting the fluid motor means either to the discharge chamber or to said inlet chamber.
  • a multicylinder refrigeration compressor having a common inlet for all cylinders, a discharge chamber in pressure conductive communication with all of the cylinders, an inlet chamber in the line of flow between less than all of the cylinders and said inlet, and an unloader valve movable to open and close communication between said inlet and said inlet chamber
  • the novelty which comprises in combination, actuating means for said unloader valve consisting of fluid motor means, and a servo valve movable to open and close communication between said fluid motor means and said discharge chamber, said servo valve comprising a shuttle valve for alternatively 1 connecting the fluid motor means either to the discharge chamber or to said inlet chamber, both the fluid motor and the servo valve being actuatable by fluid pressure derived from said discharge chamber, and electrically operable controlling means for the servo valve.
  • a refrigeration compressor having a cylinder block defining a plurality of cylinders and having a head, a discharge chamber in the head in pressure conductive communication with all of the cylinders and a suction chamber in the head in pressure conductive communication with less than all of the cylinders, passage means for connecting the compressor inlet to said suction chamber, an unloading valve in the head movable to close and open the connection between said inlet and suction chamber, a fluid servo cylinder in the head, a piston in said servo cylinder for actuating said unloading valve, and a servo shuttle valve mounted externally on the head for connecting said servo cylinder either to the discharge chamber or the suction chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US824627A 1969-05-14 1969-05-14 Unloader for multicylinder refrigeration compressors Expired - Lifetime US3578883A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US82462769A 1969-05-14 1969-05-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3578883A true US3578883A (en) 1971-05-18

Family

ID=25241890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US824627A Expired - Lifetime US3578883A (en) 1969-05-14 1969-05-14 Unloader for multicylinder refrigeration compressors

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3578883A (es)
BE (1) BE750443A (es)
DE (1) DE2021942B2 (es)
ES (1) ES378734A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2047769A5 (es)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3883273A (en) * 1971-10-29 1975-05-13 Copeland Corp Rotary chamber-type compressor
DE2508941A1 (de) * 1975-03-01 1976-09-09 Scherbakow Hubkolbenverdichter
EP0009145A1 (en) * 1978-09-20 1980-04-02 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant compressor capacity control apparatus
US4326839A (en) * 1979-12-06 1982-04-27 Tecumseh Products Company Cylinder unloading mechanism for refrigeration compressor
US4353682A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-10-12 The Trane Company Reciprocating gas compressor having suction shut-off unloading means
US4382749A (en) * 1980-11-14 1983-05-10 The Trane Company Reciprocating compressor with integral unloader valve
US4432705A (en) * 1978-09-20 1984-02-21 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration compressor capacity control means and method
US4557342A (en) * 1983-05-20 1985-12-10 Trw Inc. Hydraulic apparatus
US4563134A (en) * 1985-06-24 1986-01-07 General Motors Corporation Cylinder head with pressure regulator valve
US5647731A (en) * 1994-04-28 1997-07-15 Zexel Corporation Air compressor
EP1279833A2 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-01-29 Copeland Corporation Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation
US20040040601A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-04 Koelzer Robert L. Unloading/venting valve having integrated therewith a high-pressure protection valve
US20070022771A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2007-02-01 Pham Hung M Cooling system with variable capacity control
US20100189581A1 (en) * 2009-01-27 2010-07-29 Wallis Frank S Unloader system and method for a compressor
AU2008294060B2 (en) * 2007-07-23 2012-04-19 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Capacity modulation system for compressor and method
AU2011218763B2 (en) * 2007-07-23 2012-05-03 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Capacity Modulation System For Compressor And Method
USRE44636E1 (en) 1997-09-29 2013-12-10 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Compressor capacity modulation

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1806925A (en) * 1931-05-26 Xwilliam m mgpber
US2160860A (en) * 1936-02-20 1939-06-06 Schramm Inc Compressor
US2256565A (en) * 1939-09-30 1941-09-23 American Brake Shoe & Foundry Unloading device
US2961148A (en) * 1956-02-28 1960-11-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressor cylinder unloaders
US3119550A (en) * 1961-02-09 1964-01-28 Carrier Corp Compressor capacity control
US3303988A (en) * 1964-01-08 1967-02-14 Chrysler Corp Compressor capacity control
US3406897A (en) * 1966-07-18 1968-10-22 Leybold Holding Ag Mechanical vacuum pump

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1806925A (en) * 1931-05-26 Xwilliam m mgpber
US2160860A (en) * 1936-02-20 1939-06-06 Schramm Inc Compressor
US2256565A (en) * 1939-09-30 1941-09-23 American Brake Shoe & Foundry Unloading device
US2961148A (en) * 1956-02-28 1960-11-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressor cylinder unloaders
US3119550A (en) * 1961-02-09 1964-01-28 Carrier Corp Compressor capacity control
US3303988A (en) * 1964-01-08 1967-02-14 Chrysler Corp Compressor capacity control
US3406897A (en) * 1966-07-18 1968-10-22 Leybold Holding Ag Mechanical vacuum pump

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3883273A (en) * 1971-10-29 1975-05-13 Copeland Corp Rotary chamber-type compressor
DE2508941A1 (de) * 1975-03-01 1976-09-09 Scherbakow Hubkolbenverdichter
EP0009145A1 (en) * 1978-09-20 1980-04-02 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant compressor capacity control apparatus
US4432705A (en) * 1978-09-20 1984-02-21 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration compressor capacity control means and method
US4326839A (en) * 1979-12-06 1982-04-27 Tecumseh Products Company Cylinder unloading mechanism for refrigeration compressor
US4353682A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-10-12 The Trane Company Reciprocating gas compressor having suction shut-off unloading means
US4382749A (en) * 1980-11-14 1983-05-10 The Trane Company Reciprocating compressor with integral unloader valve
US4557342A (en) * 1983-05-20 1985-12-10 Trw Inc. Hydraulic apparatus
US4563134A (en) * 1985-06-24 1986-01-07 General Motors Corporation Cylinder head with pressure regulator valve
EP0206539A2 (en) * 1985-06-24 1986-12-30 General Motors Corporation Boost pump with cylinder head assembly
EP0206539A3 (en) * 1985-06-24 1989-02-22 General Motors Corporation Boost pump with cylinder head assembly boost pump with cylinder head assembly
US5647731A (en) * 1994-04-28 1997-07-15 Zexel Corporation Air compressor
US20070022771A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2007-02-01 Pham Hung M Cooling system with variable capacity control
US7654098B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2010-02-02 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Cooling system with variable capacity control
USRE44636E1 (en) 1997-09-29 2013-12-10 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Compressor capacity modulation
CN101349264B (zh) * 2001-07-26 2011-07-06 科普兰有限责任公司 具有中止吸入容量调节的压缩机
KR100898023B1 (ko) * 2001-07-26 2009-05-19 코우프랜드 코포레이션 엘엘씨 막혀진 흡입용량 조절을 가진 압축기
US6575710B2 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-06-10 Copeland Corporation Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation
EP1876354A2 (en) * 2001-07-26 2008-01-09 Copeland Corporation LLC Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation
EP1876354A3 (en) * 2001-07-26 2008-01-23 Copeland Corporation LLC Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation
AU2002300022B2 (en) * 2001-07-26 2008-02-21 Copeland Corporation Llc Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation
CN100406732C (zh) * 2001-07-26 2008-07-30 科普兰有限责任公司 具有中止吸入容量调节的压缩机
EP1279833A2 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-01-29 Copeland Corporation Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation
EP1279833A3 (en) * 2001-07-26 2004-11-10 Copeland Corporation Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation
US20040040601A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-04 Koelzer Robert L. Unloading/venting valve having integrated therewith a high-pressure protection valve
US7270145B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2007-09-18 Haldex Brake Corporation unloading/venting valve having integrated therewith a high-pressure protection valve
AU2008294060B2 (en) * 2007-07-23 2012-04-19 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Capacity modulation system for compressor and method
AU2011218763B2 (en) * 2007-07-23 2012-05-03 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Capacity Modulation System For Compressor And Method
US8807961B2 (en) 2007-07-23 2014-08-19 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Capacity modulation system for compressor and method
CN101772643B (zh) * 2007-07-23 2012-12-05 艾默生环境优化技术有限公司 压缩机容量调节系统和方法
US20100189581A1 (en) * 2009-01-27 2010-07-29 Wallis Frank S Unloader system and method for a compressor
US8308455B2 (en) 2009-01-27 2012-11-13 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Unloader system and method for a compressor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2021942B2 (de) 1975-07-03
BE750443A (fr) 1970-10-16
ES378734A1 (es) 1972-06-16
DE2021942A1 (de) 1970-11-26
FR2047769A5 (es) 1971-03-12

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