US3578883A - Unloader for multicylinder refrigeration compressors - Google Patents
Unloader for multicylinder refrigeration compressors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3578883A US3578883A US824627A US3578883DA US3578883A US 3578883 A US3578883 A US 3578883A US 824627 A US824627 A US 824627A US 3578883D A US3578883D A US 3578883DA US 3578883 A US3578883 A US 3578883A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- inlet
- valve
- chamber
- cylinders
- servo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
- F04B49/225—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves with throttling valves or valves varying the pump inlet opening or the outlet opening
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/074—Details of compressors or related parts with multiple cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/026—Compressor control by controlling unloaders
- F25B2600/0261—Compressor control by controlling unloaders external to the compressor
Definitions
- An important object of the present invention is therefor to provide an improved system which is installed during manufacture, and all of the major components of which are internal with the exception of a single component which is the only element apt to require servicing during the expectable life of the compressor and which is so constructed and installed that while accessible for service, the danger of accidental damage thereto is insignificant.
- Another object of the invention is to provide such a system which although powered by discharge gas pressure is not sensitive to variations in such pressure, does not involve throttling of the inlet gas, and does not cause overheating.
- FIG. 1 is a fragmentary partly sectional end elevational view of a three-bank radial reciprocating compressor incorporating the present invention and FIG. 2 is a cross section taken substantially on line "-11 of FIG. 1, and looking in the direction of the arrows.
- Reference character 10 designates generally the body or cylinder block portion of a multicylinder refrigeration compressor shown as having three banks respectively designated ll, 12 and 13. Although only two cylinders are illustrated, comprising cylinder 15 in bank 12 and cylinder 16 in bank 13, it will be recognized that each bank may contain one, two or more cylinders and that the construction illustrated typifies known commercial practice and is merely illustrative insofar as the compressor itself is concerned.
- the inlet (not shown) to the compressor is in open communication with all of the riser passages as l8, 19 leading to the cylinders in each bank.
- all of the discharge chambers as 21, 22 of the cylinders in the several banks are in open communication with the outlet (not shown) of the compressor.
- Suction chambers 23, 24 in each bank communicate only with the inlet ports of the cylinders of their respective banks, each suction chamber receiving refrigerant from its individual riser passage as 18 or 19.
- only bank 12 is equipped with unloading means.
- the inlet port 26 in valve plate 27 communicates via inlet valve means 28 with cylinder 15, while the outlet port 31 in the valve plate leads from the cylinder 15 via outlet valve means 32 to discharge chamber 21.
- valve 35 slidable in the cylinder head 36, biased open by spring means 37, and movable to and from sealing engagement with inlet passage 20 in the valve plate.
- the upper portion of the valve is shaped to define a piston portion 38 slidable in a servo cylinder 39 formed in the head and acting to guide the valve.
- Cylinder 39 is connected via communicating passageways 41, 42 with a valve chamber 43 in a solenoid valve body 40 attached to the top of the cylinder head 36.
- Valve chamber 43 contains a shuttle valve ball 44 shiftable axially in the body 40 amount of external tubing and apparatus which is subject to to alternatively connect either the suction chamber 23 or discharge chamber 21 to servo cylinder 39.
- the valve ball is located by a combined seat and cage ring 45 and movable between a down position seated on ring 45 in which it blocks communication between chamber 43 and discharge chamber 21 and an up position in which it is seated against an upper coaxially disposed seat ring 46 and blocks communication between chamber 43 and suction chamber 23.
- chamber 43 When the ball 44 is in the down position, chamber 43 communicates with suction chamber 23 via the orifice in port member 46, chamber 47 above such port member and communicating passages 48, 49 in the valve body 40 and head 36 respectively.
- Ball 44 is biased downwardly by a compression spring 58 which bears downwardly against a vertically slidable solenoid armature 50 carrying a stem member 51 which projects downwardly through the port in ring 46, the stem being substantially smaller in cross section than the port in the ring so that it does not prevent fluid conductive communication through the port.
- the unloading valve 35 is operative to selectively disable one-third of the compressor.
- the discharge pressure is always sufficient to fully close the valve or valves 35, so long as one or more cylinders are operating while, when. the solenoid is energized, the discharge pressure is immediately effective to force the ball 44 tightly against the upper seat 46 so that valve 35 opens quickly and fully and no throttling occurs in either direction.
- a multicylinder refrigeration compressor having a com mon inlet for all cylinders, a discharge chamber in pressure conductive communication with all of the cylinders, an inlet chamber in the line of flow between less than all of the cylinders and said inlet, and an unloader valve movable to open and close communication between said inlet and said inlet chamber
- the novelty which comprises in combination, actuating means for said unloader valve consisting of fluid motor means, and a servo valve movable to open and close communication between said fluid motor means and said discharge chamber, said servo valve comprising a shuttle valve for alternatively connecting the fluid motor means either to the discharge chamber or to said inlet chamber.
- a multicylinder refrigeration compressor having a common inlet for all cylinders, a discharge chamber in pressure conductive communication with all of the cylinders, an inlet chamber in the line of flow between less than all of the cylinders and said inlet, and an unloader valve movable to open and close communication between said inlet and said inlet chamber
- the novelty which comprises in combination, actuating means for said unloader valve consisting of fluid motor means, and a servo valve movable to open and close communication between said fluid motor means and said discharge chamber, said servo valve comprising a shuttle valve for alternatively 1 connecting the fluid motor means either to the discharge chamber or to said inlet chamber, both the fluid motor and the servo valve being actuatable by fluid pressure derived from said discharge chamber, and electrically operable controlling means for the servo valve.
- a refrigeration compressor having a cylinder block defining a plurality of cylinders and having a head, a discharge chamber in the head in pressure conductive communication with all of the cylinders and a suction chamber in the head in pressure conductive communication with less than all of the cylinders, passage means for connecting the compressor inlet to said suction chamber, an unloading valve in the head movable to close and open the connection between said inlet and suction chamber, a fluid servo cylinder in the head, a piston in said servo cylinder for actuating said unloading valve, and a servo shuttle valve mounted externally on the head for connecting said servo cylinder either to the discharge chamber or the suction chamber.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US82462769A | 1969-05-14 | 1969-05-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3578883A true US3578883A (en) | 1971-05-18 |
Family
ID=25241890
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US824627A Expired - Lifetime US3578883A (en) | 1969-05-14 | 1969-05-14 | Unloader for multicylinder refrigeration compressors |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3578883A (es) |
BE (1) | BE750443A (es) |
DE (1) | DE2021942B2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES378734A1 (es) |
FR (1) | FR2047769A5 (es) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3883273A (en) * | 1971-10-29 | 1975-05-13 | Copeland Corp | Rotary chamber-type compressor |
DE2508941A1 (de) * | 1975-03-01 | 1976-09-09 | Scherbakow | Hubkolbenverdichter |
EP0009145A1 (en) * | 1978-09-20 | 1980-04-02 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigerant compressor capacity control apparatus |
US4326839A (en) * | 1979-12-06 | 1982-04-27 | Tecumseh Products Company | Cylinder unloading mechanism for refrigeration compressor |
US4353682A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1982-10-12 | The Trane Company | Reciprocating gas compressor having suction shut-off unloading means |
US4382749A (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1983-05-10 | The Trane Company | Reciprocating compressor with integral unloader valve |
US4432705A (en) * | 1978-09-20 | 1984-02-21 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigeration compressor capacity control means and method |
US4557342A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1985-12-10 | Trw Inc. | Hydraulic apparatus |
US4563134A (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-01-07 | General Motors Corporation | Cylinder head with pressure regulator valve |
US5647731A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1997-07-15 | Zexel Corporation | Air compressor |
EP1279833A2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-01-29 | Copeland Corporation | Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation |
US20040040601A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-04 | Koelzer Robert L. | Unloading/venting valve having integrated therewith a high-pressure protection valve |
US20070022771A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2007-02-01 | Pham Hung M | Cooling system with variable capacity control |
US20100189581A1 (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2010-07-29 | Wallis Frank S | Unloader system and method for a compressor |
AU2008294060B2 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2012-04-19 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Capacity modulation system for compressor and method |
AU2011218763B2 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2012-05-03 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Capacity Modulation System For Compressor And Method |
USRE44636E1 (en) | 1997-09-29 | 2013-12-10 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Compressor capacity modulation |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1806925A (en) * | 1931-05-26 | Xwilliam m mgpber | ||
US2160860A (en) * | 1936-02-20 | 1939-06-06 | Schramm Inc | Compressor |
US2256565A (en) * | 1939-09-30 | 1941-09-23 | American Brake Shoe & Foundry | Unloading device |
US2961148A (en) * | 1956-02-28 | 1960-11-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Compressor cylinder unloaders |
US3119550A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1964-01-28 | Carrier Corp | Compressor capacity control |
US3303988A (en) * | 1964-01-08 | 1967-02-14 | Chrysler Corp | Compressor capacity control |
US3406897A (en) * | 1966-07-18 | 1968-10-22 | Leybold Holding Ag | Mechanical vacuum pump |
-
1969
- 1969-05-14 US US824627A patent/US3578883A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1970
- 1970-04-17 ES ES378734A patent/ES378734A1/es not_active Expired
- 1970-05-05 DE DE2021942A patent/DE2021942B2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1970-05-14 BE BE750443D patent/BE750443A/xx unknown
- 1970-05-14 FR FR7017617A patent/FR2047769A5/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1806925A (en) * | 1931-05-26 | Xwilliam m mgpber | ||
US2160860A (en) * | 1936-02-20 | 1939-06-06 | Schramm Inc | Compressor |
US2256565A (en) * | 1939-09-30 | 1941-09-23 | American Brake Shoe & Foundry | Unloading device |
US2961148A (en) * | 1956-02-28 | 1960-11-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Compressor cylinder unloaders |
US3119550A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1964-01-28 | Carrier Corp | Compressor capacity control |
US3303988A (en) * | 1964-01-08 | 1967-02-14 | Chrysler Corp | Compressor capacity control |
US3406897A (en) * | 1966-07-18 | 1968-10-22 | Leybold Holding Ag | Mechanical vacuum pump |
Cited By (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3883273A (en) * | 1971-10-29 | 1975-05-13 | Copeland Corp | Rotary chamber-type compressor |
DE2508941A1 (de) * | 1975-03-01 | 1976-09-09 | Scherbakow | Hubkolbenverdichter |
EP0009145A1 (en) * | 1978-09-20 | 1980-04-02 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigerant compressor capacity control apparatus |
US4432705A (en) * | 1978-09-20 | 1984-02-21 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigeration compressor capacity control means and method |
US4326839A (en) * | 1979-12-06 | 1982-04-27 | Tecumseh Products Company | Cylinder unloading mechanism for refrigeration compressor |
US4353682A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1982-10-12 | The Trane Company | Reciprocating gas compressor having suction shut-off unloading means |
US4382749A (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1983-05-10 | The Trane Company | Reciprocating compressor with integral unloader valve |
US4557342A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1985-12-10 | Trw Inc. | Hydraulic apparatus |
US4563134A (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-01-07 | General Motors Corporation | Cylinder head with pressure regulator valve |
EP0206539A2 (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-12-30 | General Motors Corporation | Boost pump with cylinder head assembly |
EP0206539A3 (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1989-02-22 | General Motors Corporation | Boost pump with cylinder head assembly boost pump with cylinder head assembly |
US5647731A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1997-07-15 | Zexel Corporation | Air compressor |
US20070022771A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2007-02-01 | Pham Hung M | Cooling system with variable capacity control |
US7654098B2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2010-02-02 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Cooling system with variable capacity control |
USRE44636E1 (en) | 1997-09-29 | 2013-12-10 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Compressor capacity modulation |
CN101349264B (zh) * | 2001-07-26 | 2011-07-06 | 科普兰有限责任公司 | 具有中止吸入容量调节的压缩机 |
KR100898023B1 (ko) * | 2001-07-26 | 2009-05-19 | 코우프랜드 코포레이션 엘엘씨 | 막혀진 흡입용량 조절을 가진 압축기 |
US6575710B2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-06-10 | Copeland Corporation | Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation |
EP1876354A2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2008-01-09 | Copeland Corporation LLC | Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation |
EP1876354A3 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2008-01-23 | Copeland Corporation LLC | Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation |
AU2002300022B2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2008-02-21 | Copeland Corporation Llc | Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation |
CN100406732C (zh) * | 2001-07-26 | 2008-07-30 | 科普兰有限责任公司 | 具有中止吸入容量调节的压缩机 |
EP1279833A2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-01-29 | Copeland Corporation | Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation |
EP1279833A3 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-11-10 | Copeland Corporation | Compressor with blocked suction capacity modulation |
US20040040601A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-04 | Koelzer Robert L. | Unloading/venting valve having integrated therewith a high-pressure protection valve |
US7270145B2 (en) | 2002-08-30 | 2007-09-18 | Haldex Brake Corporation | unloading/venting valve having integrated therewith a high-pressure protection valve |
AU2008294060B2 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2012-04-19 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Capacity modulation system for compressor and method |
AU2011218763B2 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2012-05-03 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Capacity Modulation System For Compressor And Method |
US8807961B2 (en) | 2007-07-23 | 2014-08-19 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Capacity modulation system for compressor and method |
CN101772643B (zh) * | 2007-07-23 | 2012-12-05 | 艾默生环境优化技术有限公司 | 压缩机容量调节系统和方法 |
US20100189581A1 (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2010-07-29 | Wallis Frank S | Unloader system and method for a compressor |
US8308455B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 | 2012-11-13 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Unloader system and method for a compressor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE750443A (fr) | 1970-10-16 |
ES378734A1 (es) | 1972-06-16 |
DE2021942A1 (de) | 1970-11-26 |
DE2021942B2 (de) | 1975-07-03 |
FR2047769A5 (es) | 1971-03-12 |
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