Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
  • D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
  • D06P3/62—Natural or regenerated cellulose using direct dyes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
  • D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/22—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using vat dyestuffs including indigo
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/30—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using sulfur dyes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
  • D06P3/52—Polyesters
  • D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
  • D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
  • D06P3/8223—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups
  • D06P3/8238—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups using different kinds of dye

Definitions

• Greenwald ABSTRACT There is provided a novel process for the production of flat-drying, dimensionally stable, durable press garments with good abrasion resistance properties.
• the textile material from 1 which said garments are made be impregnated with a fibersetting reagent and precured or postcured in order to obtain a permanent press; rather, said press is obtained by the more economical and desirable method of heating the textile material to a temperature and for a time of from about 180 Fahrenheit for about 6 hours to about 440 Fahrenheit for about 1 second, cutting patterned pieces of fabric, sewing said pieces into a unitary shaped body, and pressing said shaped body for from about 10 to about 90 seconds at a head temperature of from about 300 to about 350 Fahrenheit and an air supply pressure of from about 20 to about 100 pounds per I square inch.
• This invention relates to a novel process for the production of dimensionally stable, durable press garments.
• the two most important commercial processes disclosed by the prior art for the production of durable press garments are commonly referred to as the Koratron and the Pyke processes.
• the former disclosed in US. Pat No. 2,974,432, involved a postcure" wherein fabric is treated at the mill with a thermosetting resin but not cured, partially dried, sewn into a garment, pressed into shape, and cured in an oven.
• the latter disclosed in US. Pat No. 3,341,955, involves a precure” wherein the fabric is impregnated with a thermosetting resin at the mill, dried, cured, cut, sewn into a garment, and pressed at a temperature of from about 350 to 500 Fahrenheit.
• thermosetting resin or cross linking resin There are other processes, of lesser commercial importance, which require the use of thermosetting resin or cross linking resin.
• thermosetting resins such as urea-formaldehyde resins, acid colloid resins, acetone-formaldehyde resins, acrolein-formaldehyde resins, etc.; these resins are discussed, e.g., in Crease Resisting Fabrics (Great Britain, March, 1962), pp. 45-63.
• cross linking resins commonly used are dimethylol urea, trimethylol melamine, dimethylol ethylene urea, dimethylol propylene urea, dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea, dimethylol ethyl triazine, the dimethylol monocarbamates, etc.; these cross linking resins are discussed, e.g., in Marsh, The Textile Manufacturer, 69 (Feb., 1968).
• a textile material comprised of from about 50 to about 95 percent of polyester to a temperature and time of from about 180 Fahrenheit for about 6 hours to about 440 Fahrenheit for about I second, wherein the remainder of said material is essentially comprised of fiber selected from the group consisting of nonthermoplastic fiber and thermoplastic fiber with a softening point greater than the temperature to which said material is subjected;
• a polyester textile material i.e., a polyester fiber, tow, yarn, or fabric
• This textile materisaid temperature treatment by procedures well known to the art, although it is preferred that it be a fabric prior to said treatment. Thereafter this fabric is cut into patterned pieces, said pieces are sewed so that they form a unitary shaped body, and said unitary shaped body is pressed for from about 10 to about 90 seconds at specified press head temperatures and pressures.
• Applicants process works especially well with a textile material comprised of from about 50 to about 95 percent (by weight) of polyester.
• polyester refers to linear polymeric esters of terephthalic acid with recurring structural units of the formula wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 10. These polyesters may be made by reacting a glycol of the formula HO(CH )nOl-l with terephthalic acid, the esters thereof, or other terephthalic acid bodies which are capable of reacting with said glycols to form glycol esters (see, e.g., US. Pat. No. 2,465,319 of Whinfield and Dickson). The preferred polyesters occur when n is from 2 to 4. The most preferred polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, occurs when n is 2.
• the fabric used in the process of this invention be comprised of from about 50 to about 95 percent of polyester. It is even more preferred that said fabric be comprised of from about 65 to about 80 percent of polyester, and it is most preferred that about 75 percent of said fabric be polyester.
• the nonpolyester portion of the fabric is essentially comprised of either a nonthermoplastic fiber or a thermoplastic fiber with a softening point greater than the temperature to which the fiber or yarn of fabric is subjected during the process of this invention.
• nonthermoplastic fibers which may essentially comprise the remainder of said fabric, i.e., the nonpolyester portion, include, e.g., such cellulosic fibers as cotton, flax, rayon viscose, high wet modulus rayon, etc.; it is preferred that the nonthermoplastic fiber be a cellulosic fiber.
• thermoplastic fibers which may essentially comprise the remainder of said fabric include nylon fibers such as nylon 3, nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 8, nylon 9, nylon ll, etc.; cellulose triacetate; acrylic fibers; modacrylic fibers, copolymers of acrylonitrile and styrene; etc.
• the textile material used in the process of this invention may contain finishing reagents such as hand builders, fluorescent whitening agents, softeners, wetting agents, stain repelling agents, antisoil redeposition agents, flame retarding agents, water repelling agents, etc. These finishing reagents may contain (or be converted to) a small amount of the fibersetting reagents described hereinabove. In no event, however, does either the textile material, the patterned pieces of fabric, the unitary shaped body, or the pressed unitary shaped body, which have been referred to hereinabove, contain more than about 0.1 percent (by weight) of said fiber-setting reagents.
• the term fiber-setting reagent refers to the thermosetting and cross-linking resins discussed above.
• fiber-setting reagent also comprehends the compounds which said resins are converted to when they are cured".
• aforementioned textile material must first be subjected to a temperature and time of from about 180 Fahrenheit for about 6 hours to about 440 Fahrenheit for about 1 second and, subsequently, made into a unitary shaped body and pressed for al, if it is not already a fabric, may be made into a fabric after from about 10 to about seconds at a head temperature of from about 300 to about 350 Fahrenheit and an air supply pressure of from about 20 to about 100 pounds per square inch.
• the amount of time said textile material must be subjected to temperature is inversely proportional to the tempera' ture used.
• the shaped unitary body is pressed for from about to about 90 seconds with an air supply pressure of from about 20 to about 100 pounds per square inch. It is preferred to work with an air supply pressure of from about 45 to about 85 pounds per square inch (most preferably about 60 pounds per square inch) and to press said shaped unitary body for about 30 seconds.
• the temperature of the press head which may be supplied by either steam heat or electrical heat, should be from about 300 to about 350 Fahrenheit. It is preferred to work with a press head temperature of from about 325 to about 345 Fahrenheit, and the most preferred press head temperature is about 340 Fahrenheit. A press heated by either steam and/or electricity may be used.
• said textilematerial When said textilematerial is subjected to the specified temperature and time, it may simultaneously be subjected to some fabric processing step.
• the textile material may be subjected to these temperature and time conditions while it is being dyed, desized, scoured, bleached, dried, cured, heat set by steam or water under pressure, heat set on a tenter frame, hot cans, or in the curing oven, etc.
• the textile material be subjected to said specified temperature and time while it is being heat set on cans or by steam.
• durable press white garments are produced. 1n this embodiment the textile material is first subjected to a temperature of from about" 180 Fahrenheit for about 1 hour to 230 Fahrenheit for up to about 12 minutes, the time used being inversely proportional to the temperature. Thereafter, if it is not already fabric, the textile material is made into fabric and, prior to the time it is cut into patterned pieces, is bleached for from about 1 to about 2 hours at a temperature of about 180 to about 210 Fahrenheit with from about 0.5 to about 5, weight percent (based on weight of fabric) of oxidizing agent, although preferably with from about 1 to about 3 weight percent of oxidizing agent.
• the preferred oxidizing agents are selected from the group consisting of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chlorite; the most preferred oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide. It is preferred, when making durable press white garments, to also treat the fabric with from 0.001 to 1 weight percent (based on weight of fabric) of fluorescen whitening agent, and it is even more preferred to use from about 0.05 to about 0.1 weight percent. Any of the fluorescent whitening agents of the prior art may be used.
• Some of the more preferred ones include, e.g., bistriazinyl derivatives of 4.4'-diaminostilbene-2.2'-disulfonic acid such as, e.g., tetraanilino 4.4- diaminostilbene 2.2'-disulfonic acid, dianilinodidiethanolamino 4.4-diaminostilbene- 2.2'-disulfonic acid, tetradiethanolamino 4.4'-diaminostilbene-2.2'-disulfonic acid, etc.; benzidine sulfone disulfonic acid; napthotriazolystilbene sulfonic acid; benzimidazolyl derivatives; amino coumarin derivatives; diphenyl pyrazoline derivatives; benzoxazolyl derivatives; napthotriazolyl derivatives; and the like.
• bistriazinyl derivatives of 4.4'-diaminostilbene-2.2'-disulfonic acid such
• the textile material is immersed in a treating liquor comprised of from about 0.01 to about 20 weight percent of dye, although it is preferred to use from about 1 to about 4 weight percent of dye.
• the remainder of this treating liquor may be comprised of, e.g., wetting agents, thickeners, stabilizing agents, carriers, etc.
• the textile material can be dyed either in a long bath (as is done, e.g., in a winch), a medium bath (as is done in jig, beam,
• the textile material is dyed with at least one dye selected from the group consisting of disperse dyes, direct dyes, and fiber reactive dyes, and then it is subjected to a temperature of from about to about 250 F., for from about 1 to about 6 hours, although it is preferred to subject it to a temperature of from about to about 21 1 F. for from about 1 to about 3 hours, and it is most preferred to subject it to a temperature of about 211 F. for about 1.5 hours.
• thermosol dyeing the textile material is treated with at least one vat dye and then subjected to a temperature of from about 325 to about 440 F. for from about 5 seconds to about 5 minutes. It is preferred to subject the textile material to a temperature of from about 350 to about 400 F. for from about 0.5 to about 2 minutes, and it is most preferred to subject the textile material to a temperature of about 370 to about 390 F. for about 90 seconds.
• vat dyes and/or sulfur dyes are preferred, when dyeing textile material in a short bath.
• Regular vat dyes such as those disclosed in vVat Dyes, AATCC Monograph No. 2, 1953
• selected vat dyes such as those disclosed in Bulletin 6775 of Casella Farbwerke Mainkur Aktiengesellschaft Frankfurt [Main] Fechenheim, published in Mar. 1962
• sulfur dyes such as those disclosed in AATCC Technical Manual, 1968, pp. D-6l l/6l2
• the two most important steps in applicants process are subjecting the dyed or undyed textile material to the specified temperature and time conditions, and subsequently pressing said material under the conditions specified above. All the procedures known in the art for scouring fabrics, dyeing fabrics, mercerizing fabrics, etc., may be used in applicants invention.
• EXAMPLE 1 A fabric comprised of 75 percent polyethylene terephthalate and 25 percent of cotton was desized and scoured. The fabric was then immersed in a solution comprised of the following ingredients:
• the fabric was then immersed in a bath containing 50 grams per liter of sodium sulfide, squeezed between the rolls of a pad, steamed for 90 seconds at 220 F., aired, rinsed, and immersed in a bath containing sodium dichromate and acetic acid.
• the fabric was then rinsed, neutralized and washed at 160 F. with a synthetic soap and a mild alkali, rinsed, and dried on heated cans.
• This operation was processed in the open-width form continuously at a rate of 65 yards per minute.
• the fabric was then pressed on a steam press with a press head temperature of 330 F. and a press air supply pressure of 60 pounds per square inch for about 20 seconds, and thereafter it was laundered three times.
• the properties of the pressed fabric were tested in accordance with the following standard tests:
• a fabric comprised of 75 percent polyester and 25 percent cotton was desized and scoured.
• Another sample to this fabric was dyed in a jig with disperse and direct dyes at 205 F. for 4 hours.
• EXAMPLE 12 A fabric comprised of 75 percent polyester and 25 percent rayon was desized and scoured. It was dyed on a beam with disperse dyes at 250 F. for 2 hours and with direct dyes at 205 F. for 1 hour. A durable press fabric with properties comparable to those of the fabric of Example 1 was produced.
• any polyester i.e., any textile material wherein the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85 percent by weight of an ester of a dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid, will work well in the process of this invention.
• a process for preparing a flat-drying, dimensionally stable, durable press garment which contains less than about 0.1 percent by weight of fiber-setting rt. .rgent, comprising the steps of sequentially:
• n is an integer of from 2 to 10 and less than about 0.1 percent by weight of fiber-setting reagent to a temperature and time of from about 180 Fahrenheit for about 6 hours to about 440 F. for about 1 second, wherein:
• said fiber-setting reagent is selected from the group consisting of thermosetting resins and cross-linking resins;
• said textile material is selected from the group consisting of fiber, yarn, tow, and fabric;
• the remainder of said textile material is essentially comprised of fiber selected from the group consisting of nonthermoplastic fiber and thermoplastic fiber with a softening point greater than the temperature to which said material is subjected;
• n is from 2 to 4
• said textile material is fabric
• said unitary shaped body is pressed at a head temperature of from about 325 to about 345 F. and an air supply pressure of from about 45 to about 85 pounds per square inch.
• said fabric is subjected to a temperature and time of from about 180 F. for about 1 hour to about 230 F. for about 12 minutes and, thereafter and prior to the time it is cut into patterned pieces,
• said fabric is bleached for from about] to about 2 hours at a temperature of from about 180 F. to about 210 F. with an oxidizing agent.
• the remainder of said fabric is essentially comprised of a cellulosic fiber
• said oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hypochlonte, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chlorite;
• said fabric is treated with a fluorescent whitening agent prior to the time it is cut into patterned pieces.
• said fabric is continuously dyed with at least one dye selected from the group consisting of disperse dyes, direct dyes, vat dyes, sulfur dyes, and fiber reactive dyes; and
• said fabric is subjected to a temperature of from about 325 to about 440 F. for from about 5 seconds to about 5 minutes.
• said fabric is comprised of from about 65 to about percent of polyethylene terephthalate, and the remainder of said fabric is essentially comprised of a cellulosic fiber;
• said fabric is comprised of about 75 percent polyethylene terephthalate
• said fabric is subjected to a temperature of from about 370 to about 390 F. for about seconds and, thereafter c. said fabric is pressed for about 30 seconds at a head temperature of about 330 F. and an air supply pressure of about 60 pounds per square inch.
• said fabric is dyed discontinuously with at least one dye selected from the group consisting of disperse dyes, direct dyes, and fiber reactive dyes; and

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (6)

• 1969
  • 1969-07-25 US US845100A patent/US3573858A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1970
  • 1970-07-16 CA CA088413A patent/CA938057A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-07-23 DE DE19702036610 patent/DE2036610A1/de active Pending
  • 1970-07-24 BE BE753911D patent/BE753911A/xx unknown
  • 1970-07-24 FR FR7027517A patent/FR2053170B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1970-07-24 NL NL7010974A patent/NL7010974A/xx unknown
  • 1970-07-25 JP JP6476070A patent/JPS5112759B1/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (6)

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