US3572506A - Underwater storage tank - Google Patents

Underwater storage tank Download PDF

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Publication number
US3572506A
US3572506A US799454A US3572506DA US3572506A US 3572506 A US3572506 A US 3572506A US 799454 A US799454 A US 799454A US 3572506D A US3572506D A US 3572506DA US 3572506 A US3572506 A US 3572506A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tank
interior
liquid
frame
fact
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Expired - Lifetime
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US799454A
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English (en)
Inventor
William J Bandy Jr
William K E Morris
Grant M Stainbrook
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US Department of the Interior
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US Department of the Interior
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/78—Large containers for use in or under water

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an underwater storage tank for the temporary storage of liquids such as overflow storm water.
  • the tank consists of top and bottom walls with at least the top wall being a flexible and collapsible membrane made of rubber or similar material and a metal framework of piping to which the membranes are secured.
  • the structure is placed in position on the bottom of a lake, for example, and is connected, by means of an inlet-outlet pipe, to a sewer system.
  • the pipes of the metal framework include jets which are 'connected to a source of liquid under pressure which can be used for flushing the tank.
  • the tank also includes a cover for the inlet-outlet pipe which assists in disbursing large pieces of sediment and also assists in removing the same from the tank.
  • the tank also includes vent valves for the escape of gases which may evolve while the sewage is in the tank and furthermore includes means for determining the volume of the tank at any given time.
  • This invention relates in general to the temporary underwater storage of liquids such as, for example, sewage which would otherwise normally overflow the sewer system during storms.
  • the invention relates in particular to a collapsible tank structure which is both inexpensive to construct and easy to install.
  • a collapsible flexible underwater tank which essentially consists of a framework of metal piping with top and bottom walls secured thereto and with the top wall, at least, being a flexible membrane. This structure can then be laid in a suitable excavation in the bottom of a lake, for example.
  • the tank in question can be provided with a gas vent to permit any gases which may evolve while the sewage is being stored to escape from the tank.
  • a ball type valve can be installed at the high point of the tank and designed 'so that when there is no gas present in the tank, the buoyancy thereof will cause the ball to close off the valve to the outside.
  • Utilization of a float valve of this type will permit the ball to seat against the lower seat when the tank is being pumped out thereby preventing inadvertent entry of outside water into the interior of the tank.
  • the reduction of the flow velocity will be sufficient to cause the large particles to settle to the bottom.
  • the top wall will collapse on the inlet-outlet cover to close off the openings and cause an increase in velocity which will permit the particles to be drawn into the inlet-outlet cover and on out through the inlet-outlet pipe.
  • the volume of the tank can be ascertained. This, if a standard fixed bubbler type gauge is utilized, the depth at which the gauge is located beneath the water surface at any given time can be ascertained. The distance between the tank bottom and the gauge being known, the sum of these two will give the distance from the bottom of the tank to the surface of the, water. If a second bubbler gauge is mounted at the high point on the tank, the depth beneath the surface at which the top of the tank is disposed can also be ascertained.
  • the actual height of the tank can be ascertained and a calibration curve can be constructed showing the volume within the tank as a function of the height of the highest projecting portion of the tank.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the improved tank.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the tank showing the same in place in a lake bottom.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on the lines 3-3 of FIG. 2 showing the method of attaching the upper and lower membranes to the framework.
  • FIG. 3A is a sectional view taken on the lines 3A3A of FIG. 1 showing means for anchoring the tank in place.
  • FIG. 3B is a top plan view of the anchoring means shown in FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the improved valve showing the same in place on the tank.
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view'taken on the lines 2-2 of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an improved inlet-outlet cover partially broken away in section.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a modified version of the inlet-outlet cover of FIG. 6 partially broken away and in section.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an underwater storage tank showing the means for ascertaining the volume thereof and illustrating the method involved.
  • the tank generally indicated by the numeral 10, consists of a framework of pipes 50, a vent valve 20, an inlet and outlet cover 30 and a level indicating device 40.
  • FIG. 2 Considering again FIG. 2 and referring particularly to the preparation of the bottom of the lake for reception of the tank, it will be noted that a hopper shaped bottom is first excavated. This is backfilled with stones 90 to provide a suitable base. A supporting block 70 of concrete is then placed in position to provide solid support for the tank.
  • An inlet and outlet pipe 60 runs from the sewer system to the inlet-outlet port of the tank with the area immediately adjacent the inlet-outlet port being filled with sand or other suitable material.
  • a pressure relief valve 61 is also placed in the line 60 for safety purposes.
  • top wall 11 is a flexible membrane which is inherently collapsible.
  • Bottom wall 12 can be either of steel or a second flexible membrane as desired.
  • the dotted lines of FIG. 2 show the top wall 11 collapsed as it would be when the tank is empty.
  • FIG. 3A shows the method of anchoring the tank in place.
  • a pair of plates 300,300 are provided with arcuate cutout areas 301 which conform to the contour of frame 50.
  • the plates 300,300 are bolted or otherwise secured to pilings 302,302 which are embedded in the lake bottom and interconnected by cross bar 303.
  • This piling assembly can then be secured to frame 50 by welding as clearly shown in FIG. 3A and 3B and the tank can be firmly held in place.
  • pipe framework 50 is of generally octagonal configuration in plan although this particular configuration is by no means mandatory.
  • the piping also has a series of spray vents 51,51 opening into the interior of the tank for flushing purposes.
  • the spray vents 51,51 are simply a series of openings disposed on the inside portion of the framework 50 opening into the interior of the tank.
  • the framework 50 is interconnected by means of line 52 to a conventional pump 53 which is adapted to force water under high pressure through the line 52 into the framework 50 through the vents 51,51 and into the interior of the tank for flushing purposes. This enables the tank to be cleaned without dismantling the same.
  • the same has at least one gas relief vent disposed on its upper surface for purposes of relieving any gases which might evolve within the tank during storage of the sewage.
  • a bubbler level mechanism 30 is also provided in order to ascertain how far the top of the tank is below the surface of the water at any given time and to enable the volume to be measured as will be described below.
  • brace 101 is of U- shaped configuration and supports plate 102 and form 104.
  • a stud 103 secures brace 101, plate 102 and form 104 to the pipe 59 to securely hold the membrane 11 in water tight connection.
  • the lower membrane 12 is secured to pipe 50 in similar fashion if it is of flexible material. If the bottom 12 is of steel or similar material, it can merely be welded to the bottom of the frame to form a water tight connection.
  • each valve per se is mounted on a supporting plate, generally indicated by the numeral 21, which is in turn mounted on the top surface 11 of the tank.
  • an anchor plate 121 which, in the form of the invention shown, is of generally circular planar configuration but which of course could be made of any desired configuration.
  • the anchor plate 121 is secured to the top of the tank T by the nut and bolt arrangement generally indicated by the numeral 122.
  • a foam flotation member 123 is mounted on the top surface of the anchor plate 21 and a plexiglass flotation support plate 124 is superimposed on the flotation means 123 with anchor plate 121, flotation means 123 and flotation support plate 124 being secured together by nut and bolt assembly as clearly shown in FIG. 2.
  • valves While one valve is mounted at the center point of the tank which would, under most circumstances, be the highest point of elevation, several other valves are provided due to the fact that air or gas within the tank conceivably can move about causing some distortion so that some point other than the midpoint of the tank could in fact be at the highest elevation at any given time. Provision of the additional valves insures, however, that a vent valve will be in position at the highest point, wherever that may be.
  • valve 20 per se, it will be seen that the same includes a cylindrical housing 111 which is welded or otherwise attached to the anchor plate 121.
  • the body 111 has generally enclosed ends with through openings 111a and 111b therein.
  • bottom wall is undercut as at 111c and receives a bottom seal member 112 which, in the preferred form of the invention, is made of polypropylene but which could be of course made of any thermoplastic resin material which will give the desired sealing qualities.
  • the bottom seal 112 is held in place in the undercut area 1110 by the retaining ring 113.
  • a screen 115 is also provided with the screen 115, ring 113 and seal 112 all being secured to the bottom of the body 111 by the bolts 114,114.
  • the top end of the body 111 is also undercut as at 111d to receive a top seal 116 similar in construction to the bottom seal 112 and also having a through opening 116a.
  • a top retaining ring 117 which overlies the seal 116.
  • a screen 119 is also received on top of ring 117 and the entire structure is held together by the bolts 118,118.
  • a neoprene gasket is disposed between the top of the body 111 and the shoulder 142a of sleeve 142.
  • a retaining ring 141 is mounted between ring 117 and the top of the body and is held in place by the latches 140,140 which are of conventional construction.
  • buoyant ball 150 received within the interior of the body 11 is a buoyant ball 150.
  • the buoyancy of the ball When there is no gas present, such as when the tank is empty, the buoyancy of the ball will cause the same to float to the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 5 at which time the ball will seal off the opening 116a. As soon as gas accumulates in the tank, the buoyant force of the ball becomes negligible at which time it drops free by the force of gravity from its upper seated position. This permits gas accumulated in the tank to escape through the opening 116a in the direction of arrow 160. As soon as the gas has all escaped, of course the buoyant force of the liquid will again cause the ball to move to the broken line position of FIG. 5 and again seal off the opening In the event a positive pressure is present, the buoyant force on the ball 150 again becomes negligible and the ball again drops permitting the gas to escape. Again as soon as all of the gas has escaped through the opening 116a, the ball will again float back up to close the opening.
  • Provision of the screens 115 and 119 prevents foreign material from entering the housing 11 thereby preventing clogging or damage to the valve. 1
  • the cover generally indicated by the numeral 30, has a bottom reinforcing plate 211 which is mounted at the bottom of the tank and can be secured in place by conventional means such as, for example, bolting the same to the concrete support pad 70.
  • a head 212 which, in the form of the invention shown in FIG. 6, consists of a circular sidewall member 213 and an integral wall portion 214 having an arcuate cross section and a relatively flat top surface 215.
  • Top surface 215 has a plurality of velocity reduction openings 216,216 therein and also has a diversion cone 217 integrally suspended from the underside of the top surface 215.
  • the sidewall 213 of the head 212 has a plurality of effluent openings 213a,213a spaced about the lower edge of the sidewall adjacent the reinforcing plate 211 for purposes which will be described in greater detail below.
  • the height of the effluent openings 213a,213a is, in the preferred form of the invention, no greater than the diameter of the velocity reduction openings 216,216. This relative dimension is utilized to insure that any particles of sediment which might pass out through the openings 216,216 when the tank is being filled can be pulled back into the head through the openings 213a,2l3a when the tank is pumped out.
  • the reinforcing plate 211 has an inletoutlet port 2110 which is mounted over the inlet-outlet pipe 60.
  • the cone 217 is mounted on the top 215 of the head so that it is in substantial concentric alignment with the port 211a.
  • a major advantage to this structure is that the collapsing of the top of the tank itself does not prohibit effective operation of the tank and does not impede evacuation of the same.
  • FIG. 7 shows a modified form of the cover
  • the same includes a reinforcing plate 231 mounted over the inlet-outlet pipe 60 in much the same manner as described above with regard to FIG. 6.
  • the head 232 of this form of the invention is generally domeshaped and does have again a plurality of velocity reduction openings in its top area. The size of these openings is computed according to the above formula in the same manner as is the case in the form of the invention shown in FIG. 6.
  • a different type diversion cone 240 is disclosed.
  • This cone is not suspended from the top of the head 232 but is mounted on supporting legs 241,241 which rest on the reinforcing plate 231.
  • the cone itself is comprised of a lower V-shaped member 242 and an upper inverted V-shaped member 243.
  • the member 242 has divergent legs 242a and 242b which are wide enough so that material entering the tank through the pipe 60 cannot go directly to the velocity reductionopenings as is the case in the form of the invention shown in FIG. 6. This provides the added advantage that clogging of the velocity reduction openings is prevented.
  • FIG. 7 Operation of the form of the invention shown in FIG. 7 is substantially the same as that in FIG. 6 and will not be repeated here.
  • the tank generally indicated by the numeral 10
  • the tank 10 has a flexible top membrane l1 and is mounted on the bottom of a lake or other body of water as described above.
  • the tank 10 is shown schematically only in this view.
  • a bubbler 40 which is really a conventional depth type gauge.
  • a hose 321 leads to a remote or metering device 322 and the gauge 320 generally operates on the principle that it takes a certain air pressure to force air out of the bubbler which will tell the person monitoring the meter 322 the amount of water above the level of the bubbler 320. Gauges of this type are well known in the prior art.
  • a separate bubbler 330 is also mounted on the tank at a fixed position. This bubbler leads, by way of hose 331, to a metering device 332 and operates in the same fashion as the bubbler 320.
  • the tank 10 when the tank 10 is empty, it will be in a collapsed state and that as liquid is pumped into the tank through the inlet-outlet pipe 60, the tank will expand. Of course, as the tank expands, its top surface will rise and the bubbler 320 will rise with it. The bubbler 330 remains in a fixed position.
  • a reading is then taken on the bubbler 320 which will indicate the height of the water above the bubbler, that is, above the top of the tank. This will give the reading H Therefore and in order to ascertain the dimension H, it is merely necessary to subtract 1-1 from H Once this has been done, the volume of the liquid stored within the tank can be easily determined since known mathematical formulas or prior calculations or test calibrations enable the internal volume of a tank to be measured once the tank height is known.
  • a substantially collapsible underwater storage system comprising:
  • a. a hollow frame adapted to be anchored on the bottom of the body of water in which said system is placed;
  • a substantially closed tank body 1. of fluid impermeable material 2. secured to said frame; c. a conduit adapted to interconnect the interior of said body with said source of liquid supply 1. whereby said liquid can be passed into and out of the interior of said body; d. sediment control means 1. disposed within said body adjacent the point of connection of said conduit means with said body and 2. adapted to facilitate sediment removal from said body; e. vent means 1. carried by said body and 2. adapted to automatically pennit the escape of gases accumulated within said body; f. measuring means mounted on said body and adapted to measure the volume of liquid within said tank; and g. flushing means adapted to flush the interior of said tank.
  • said frame includes an integral hollow pipe system having a series of apertures directed toward the interior of said body; said flushing means including means adapted to force water under pressure into said pipe and through said openings into the interior of said body.
  • said sediment control means include a. a bottom plate I. mounted on the bottom of said body 2. with a through opening therein which overlies said conduit; b. a head mounted on said plate 1. having a series of through openings therein disposed adg'acent its point of mounting on said plate and I 2. a op surface spaced from said plate avmg a series of velocity reduction openings therein; and c. diversion means I. mounted between said plate and said top surface of said head 2. and adapted to divert the flow of liquid into said body.
  • said vent means include at least one valve mounted on the highest point of said tank when said tank contains liquid.
  • measuring means include:
  • a second depth gauge adaptedto measure the distance from the surface of said body of water to the top of said tank body 1. whereby the height of said tank body can be ascertained and whereby the volume of said tank can be measured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
US799454A 1969-02-14 1969-02-14 Underwater storage tank Expired - Lifetime US3572506A (en)

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US79945469A 1969-02-14 1969-02-14

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US (1) US3572506A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4844524B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2006659C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2035450A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1266483A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3674150A (en) * 1970-09-25 1972-07-04 Lloyd M Lejeune Apparatus for preventing offshore oil well pollution
US3674687A (en) * 1969-09-19 1972-07-04 Underwater Storage Inc Storm sewage treatment
US3833122A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-09-03 D Cook Floating chemical feeding and chemical process plant for water purification
US4123358A (en) * 1977-07-25 1978-10-31 Bruce Flagge Septic system liquid level control apparatus
US4381994A (en) * 1976-11-02 1983-05-03 Shell Oil Company Spilled oil skimmer kit
US4439315A (en) * 1982-06-08 1984-03-27 Whiteside C H Methane generator
US4692249A (en) * 1986-09-23 1987-09-08 Gerard Hammel Flotation process for sludge recovery and energy conversion
US4944872A (en) * 1982-09-27 1990-07-31 Kantor Frederick W Apparatus and method for containing and processing liquids and wastes
WO2002030831A1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-18 Duncan Johnstone Vertical membrane storage system and method of storing liquids using the same
US6837994B2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2005-01-04 Yoshinobu Izawa Water treatment apparatus
US7374059B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2008-05-20 Industrial And Environmental Concepts, Inc. Covering systems and venting methods
USRE41442E1 (en) 1993-10-22 2010-07-20 Industrial & Environmental Concepts, Inc. Insulated removable pond cover
US20120138486A1 (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 Doris Engineering Device for underwater hydrocarbon storage, and corresponding capture and storage installation
WO2015110413A1 (en) * 2014-01-21 2015-07-30 Kongsberg Oil & Gas Technologies As Subsea storage management system and method for managing a subsea storage system
US9591797B2 (en) 2013-11-14 2017-03-14 Industrial & Environmental Concepts, Inc. Cover systems with fusion welds
US11141952B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2021-10-12 Industrial & Environmental Concepts, Inc. Sludge covers, sludge management systems, and related methods

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4285078A (en) * 1979-04-17 1981-08-25 French Masterpieces, Inc. Automatic swimming pool cover
US4236258A (en) * 1979-04-17 1980-12-02 French Masterpieces, Incorporated Automatic swimming pool cover
DE3334345A1 (de) * 1983-09-22 1985-04-04 Rolf 2000 Hamburg Stahn Verfahren und einrichtung zur rueckhaltung von schmutzwasser gegenueber einem vorfluter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1548400A (en) * 1923-07-28 1925-08-04 Cletus C Connolly Cleaning outlet for oil-storage tanks
US3113699A (en) * 1961-05-03 1963-12-10 Us Rubber Co Underwater liquid storage system
US3155280A (en) * 1961-09-29 1964-11-03 Harold G Quase Buoyant flexible container and underwater anchorage therefor
US3389559A (en) * 1965-05-17 1968-06-25 Campbell F. Logan Fluid recovery system and method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1548400A (en) * 1923-07-28 1925-08-04 Cletus C Connolly Cleaning outlet for oil-storage tanks
US3113699A (en) * 1961-05-03 1963-12-10 Us Rubber Co Underwater liquid storage system
US3155280A (en) * 1961-09-29 1964-11-03 Harold G Quase Buoyant flexible container and underwater anchorage therefor
US3389559A (en) * 1965-05-17 1968-06-25 Campbell F. Logan Fluid recovery system and method

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3674687A (en) * 1969-09-19 1972-07-04 Underwater Storage Inc Storm sewage treatment
US3674150A (en) * 1970-09-25 1972-07-04 Lloyd M Lejeune Apparatus for preventing offshore oil well pollution
US3833122A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-09-03 D Cook Floating chemical feeding and chemical process plant for water purification
US4381994A (en) * 1976-11-02 1983-05-03 Shell Oil Company Spilled oil skimmer kit
US4123358A (en) * 1977-07-25 1978-10-31 Bruce Flagge Septic system liquid level control apparatus
US4439315A (en) * 1982-06-08 1984-03-27 Whiteside C H Methane generator
US4944872A (en) * 1982-09-27 1990-07-31 Kantor Frederick W Apparatus and method for containing and processing liquids and wastes
US4692249A (en) * 1986-09-23 1987-09-08 Gerard Hammel Flotation process for sludge recovery and energy conversion
USRE41442E1 (en) 1993-10-22 2010-07-20 Industrial & Environmental Concepts, Inc. Insulated removable pond cover
US6436289B1 (en) * 1999-10-15 2002-08-20 Duncan Johnstone Vertical membrane storage system and method of storing liquids using the same
EP1657220A1 (en) * 2000-08-21 2006-05-17 Yoshinobu Izawa Water treatment apparatus and water treatment method
US6837994B2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2005-01-04 Yoshinobu Izawa Water treatment apparatus
US6726846B2 (en) 2000-10-13 2004-04-27 Duncan Johnstone Vertical membrane storage system and method of storing liquids using the same
WO2002030831A1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-18 Duncan Johnstone Vertical membrane storage system and method of storing liquids using the same
US7374059B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2008-05-20 Industrial And Environmental Concepts, Inc. Covering systems and venting methods
US20120138486A1 (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 Doris Engineering Device for underwater hydrocarbon storage, and corresponding capture and storage installation
US9591797B2 (en) 2013-11-14 2017-03-14 Industrial & Environmental Concepts, Inc. Cover systems with fusion welds
WO2015110413A1 (en) * 2014-01-21 2015-07-30 Kongsberg Oil & Gas Technologies As Subsea storage management system and method for managing a subsea storage system
US11141952B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2021-10-12 Industrial & Environmental Concepts, Inc. Sludge covers, sludge management systems, and related methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4844524B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-12-25
FR2035450A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-18
GB1266483A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-08
DE2006659B2 (de) 1978-09-28
DE2006659A1 (de) 1970-09-03
DE2006659C3 (de) 1979-05-17

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