US3571865A - Power drill pipe and drill collar spider - Google Patents

Power drill pipe and drill collar spider Download PDF

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Publication number
US3571865A
US3571865A US863777A US3571865DA US3571865A US 3571865 A US3571865 A US 3571865A US 863777 A US863777 A US 863777A US 3571865D A US3571865D A US 3571865DA US 3571865 A US3571865 A US 3571865A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ring
slips
drill
drill pipe
spider
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Expired - Lifetime
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US863777A
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English (en)
Inventor
Noal E Johnson
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Byron Jackson Inc
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Byron Jackson Inc
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/10—Slips; Spiders ; Catching devices

Definitions

  • Butcher ABSTRACT Power drill pipe and drill collar spider apparatus in which drill pipe slip elements and drill collar slip elements are selectively connectable to an actuator ring, the actuator ring being movable between positions at which either the drill pipe slip elements or the drill collar slip elements are disposed in the slip bowl or are retracted from the slip bowl, while the other of the slip elements are latched in retracted positions.
  • Drill collars are relatively large and massive tubular bodies as compared with the drill pipe, and it is the general practice to provide difierent slips for supporting the drill collars in the spider body than the slips which are employed to support the drill pipe in the spider body. Such practice leads to problems respecting the variety and utilization of equipment on a drilling ring, especially if the rig is on an offshore platform or floating vessel employed to drill underwater wells.
  • hinged slips comprise a pair of slip elements, hingedly connected to the sides of a center section, the hinged elements being adapted to swing about the pipe, but if the pipe is leaning in the wrong direction, effective closure of the slip assembly about the pipe has been difficult.
  • the present invention provides a power operated combined drill pipe and drill collar spider which avoids the above problems.
  • the present invention provides a combined drill pipe and drill collar spider apparatus, including both drill pipe and drill collar slip elements which are selectively connectable to an actuator ring for movement between operative and inoperative positions.
  • the unused slips in such apparatus are releasably latched in an inoperative position.
  • slip elements are separately supported and angularly spaced about the slip bowl of the spider, so that the slips independently engage the drill pipe or drill collar at angularly spaced locations and, thereby, tend to center the pipe or collar with respect to the slip bowl, even though the pipe or collar may tend to be oh center with respect to the well. in accomplishing this centering action, the slip elements are power actuated to the pipe or collar engaging position.
  • i is a top plan view of a combined drill pipe and drill collar spider embodying the invention.
  • lFlG. 2 is an enlarged view with the upper housing removed;
  • F'lO. El is a vertical section as taken on the line 3-3 of HQ. 2;
  • HO. 4 is a vertical section as taken on the line M of FIG. 2;
  • HO. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section as taken on the line 55 of lFlG. 2;
  • HO. 6 is a vertical section as taken on the line 6-6 of HO. 5;
  • MG. 7 is a fragmentary vertical section as taken on the line 7-7 of Fit 5;
  • Fit l? is a detailed view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a typical latch for holding a slip in a retracted position as taken on the line M of PEG. 3;
  • lFiG. 9 is a vertical section as taken on line 9-9 of HO. 8;
  • HG. ill is a vertical section corresponding to H6. 3, but showing a drill pipe slip engaged with a length of drill pipe.
  • the spider assembly generally denoted at S is adapted to be placed upon a master bushing ll of the usual well drilling rotary table, not shown, which is adapted to drive the well-drilling string during the drilling operations.
  • This drill string is comprised of a number of relatively large diameter and heavy drill collars which are located just above the drill bit.
  • the drill collars are made up in the drill string from a number of sections which are threadedly interconnected together.
  • the drill string, from the drill collars to the top of the well is-comprised of relatively small diameter and lighter weight drill pipe which is made up of joints or sections which are threadedly interconnected.
  • the spider assembly of the invention is adapted to support the drill string in the well bore while successive joints or sections are being removed from the drill string during pulling of the drill string or while successive joints or sections are being added to the drill string while running the drill string.
  • the spider assembly S includes a suitable number of circumferentially spaced drill pipe slips PS which are adapted to be engaged in the tapered bore 2 of a slip bowl 3 and to engage the drill pipe P whichextends vertically through the bowl 3 to support the drill string in the well bore as lengths of pipe are being removed from or added to the drill string.
  • the spider S includes a number of circumferentially spaced drill collar slips CS which are also adapted to be engaged in the tapered bore 2 of the slip bowl 3 to support the drill collar string in the well bore lengths of drill collars are being added to or removed from the drill string.
  • Each of the drill pipe slips PS comprises a vertically disposed wedgelike body having an external tapered surface 4 adapted to engage with the tapered surface 2 of the slip bowl and a lower tapered surface 5 adapted to engage with the reduced, lower tapered surface 6 provided in the slip bowl 3.
  • they are provided with a suitable number of dies 8 providing teeth 9 which are adapted to bite into the pipe P.
  • the weight of the pipe P tightly wedges the slips PS against the tapered bowl surfaces 2 and 6.
  • the drill collar slips CS also comprise a vertically extended body or wedge having a rear tapered surface it) adapted to engage the slip bowl surface 2,.
  • the front faces it of the drill collar slips CS also are provided with drill collar engaging dies 12, having teeth 13, whereby the weight of the drill collars will tightly wedge the drill collar slips CS between a drill collar and the slip bowl surface 2.
  • the spider assembly includes support means in the form of a plate l d adapted to rest upon the rotary table master bushing or upon other portions of the rotary table to support both the drill pipe slips PS and the drill collar slips CS for movement between retracted positions and positions ongaged in the bowl El with the drill string.
  • Means M are provided for mounting the drill pipe slips PS on the support means for movement between the retracted positions of H65. 2 and 3, for example, and the drill pipe engaging position shown in FIG. 10.
  • means 16 are provided for mounting the drill collar slips on the support plate 14 for movement between the retracted positions shown in the drawings and a position engaged with a drill collar, the extent of inward movement of the drill collar slips CS for engagement with a drill collar (not shown) being represented by the arcuate broken line 17 shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 10.
  • operating means 18 are provided for moving the respective pipe slips PS and drill collar slips CS between the just mentioned retracted positions and the positions engaged with the pipe or drill collar, as the case may be.
  • Means 19 are provided for selectively connecting either the drill pipe slips PS or the drill collar slips CS to the operating means 18; and latch means 20 are provided for selectively releasably latching those slips which are not connected to the operating means in the retracted positions.
  • the means for mounting the drill pipe slips on the support plate 14, in each case, comprises an elongated lever 21 which is pivotally connected between its ends on a pivot pin 22 which extends between a pair of upstanding arms 23 of a bracket 24, the bracket being suitably affixed to the support plate 14.
  • the lever 21 extends into a groove 25 in the upper end of the pipe slip PS and is connected to the pipe slip by a pin 26 extending through the groove 25 and through an elongated slot 27 in the lever 21.
  • the operating means 18 includes a ring 28 which is horizontally disposed about the axis of the assembly.
  • This ring 28 is supported for vertical reciprocation on a suitable number of angularly spaced posts 29, (see FIG. 2 and 4), which are mounted on the support plate 14 as by suitable fasteners 30.
  • Each post 29 has a bore 31 in which is reciprocally disposed a complemental rod 32 which is secured beneath a flange 33 of the ring 28 by suitable fasteners 34.
  • a ball bearing or other bearing structure 35 is interposed between the rod 32 and the post 29.
  • a sleeve 37 having a seal ring 38 slideably engaged with the post 29 to prevent the entry of drilling fluid or the like into the assembly.
  • a pair of posts 29 located in diametrically spaced reiation are employed to support the ring 28.
  • actuator means comprising, in the illustrated embodiment, a number of angularly spaced double-acting fluid-pressure-responsive actuators 40, each including a cylinder 41 in which a piston 42 is reciprocable.
  • the cylinder 41 is connected to a flange section 33 of the ring 28 by suitable fasteners 43, and the piston 42 includes a rod 44 which extends from the cylinder 41 and is threaded into a nut 45 which is welded or otherwise affixed to the support plate 14.
  • the ring 28 is guided on the posts 29 and is actuated vertically in either direction by fluid from a pair of pressure-fluid conduits 46 and 47 which respectively lead into the cylinder 41 above and below the actuator piston 42.
  • the means 19 for connecting the lever 21 of each of the pipe slips PS to the operating ring 28 includes a link 48 pivotally connected at 49 to the outer end of the lever 21 and pivotally connected at 50 to a connector rod 51 which extends into a vertical bore 52 formed in the ring 28.
  • the ring 28 has radially extended bores 53 and 54 intersecting the vertical bore 52 and aligned for reception of a key or pin 55 which is adapted to extend through the bores 53 and 54 in the ring 28 and through a transverse bore 56 in the connector rod 51, so as to interconnect the rod 51 with the ring 28.
  • Each of the means 16 for mounting the drill collar slips CS on the support plate 14 includes an elongated lever 57 which is pivotally mounted between its ends on a pivot pin 58 extending between a pair of upstanding arms 59 formed on brackets 60 which are suitably affixed to the support plate 14.
  • Each of the levers 57 is connected to a drill collar slip CS and extends into a groove 61 at the upper end of the drill collar slip CS.
  • a pin 62 extends through the groove 61 and through an elongated slot 63 in the inner end of the lever 57.
  • a link 64 is pivotally connected at 65 to the outer end of each lever 57 and is pivotally connected at 66 to a connector rod 67 which extends into a vertical bore 68 in the operating ring 28.
  • each latch means will be seen to comprise a latch lug 72 provided on the links 48 and 64.
  • Engageable with the latch lug 72 is a pivotal latch body 73 having a section 74 which is pivotally mounted upon a pin 75.
  • This pin 75 extends between a pair of support ears 76 which are vertically upwardly extended from a baseplate 77, the latter being suitably affixed to the support plate 14.
  • a torsion spring 78 is coiled about the pin 75 and engages atone end 79 with an abutment 80 on the latch body 73. The other end 81 of the spring 78 abuts with the baseplate 77, and, thus, the spring acts to normally bias the latch body 73 in a direction for effecting engagement of a lip 82 on the body 73 with the latch lug 72 on one of the links 48 or 64.
  • a handle 83 projects from the latch body 73 to enable manual shifting of the latch body 73 to disengage the lip 82 from the latch lug 72.
  • the assembly is adapted to be included within a housing 84 having side openings 85 adjacent to the respective latch means 20 to facilitate manual manipulation of the latch means.
  • a latch handle 83 When a latch handle 83 is moved to the position at which the latch means are released, the handle 83 projects through the openings 85 and is adapted, by the provision of a transverse hole 86, to receive a retainer pin 87 which will bridge the openings 85 and hold the latch released.
  • the housing 84 also includes side access openings 88 through which the pins or keys 55 may be inserted or removed when it is desired to connect a set of slips PS or CS to the operating ring 28 or to disconnect such slips.
  • a top plate 89 forms a part of the housing 84 and has a central opening 90 in which is removably disposed a guide ring 91 having at least an outwardly tapered guide surface 92 adapted to facilitate the stabbing of the drill string therethrough.
  • This guide ring 91 overlies the retracted slips PS and CS so as to protect the same from engagement by the drill string.
  • the assembly includes a radially extended gate portion which is removably attached to the assembly.
  • the support plate 14 has a radial slot 101 and the top cover 89 has a radial slot 102.
  • the removable section 100 is disposed in these slots 101 and 102. More particularly, the removable section 100 includes a base plate 103 adapted to fit in the slot 101 and having side flanges 104 adapted to be received in guide blocks 105 which are welded to the support plate 14 at the opposite sides of the slot 101.
  • the base plate 103 at its opposite sides, has a pair of upstanding ears 106, and the guides 105 have a pair of upstanding ears 107 adapted to be disposed in adjacent relation, whereby retainer pins 108 may extend through aligned openings 109 and 110 in the ears 106 and 107, respectively.
  • One of the drill pipe slips PS is carried by the removable section 100 along with its lever 21, and accordingly, for rigidity, the arms 23a which support the lever 21 on the pivot pin 22a extend vertically upwardly and have a top plate 111 weided thereto, and the removable section 100 includes a removable section 112 of the cover plate 89' suitably connected to the plate lllll by fastener means 1113.
  • the guide ring 91 has a segment llll connected by fasteners K to the removable cover plate section 112.
  • the operating ring 28 also is provided with a removable segment 116.
  • This segment lllti of the ring 28 has ears M7 at its ends adapted to receive tongues 11118 at the ends of the main body of the operating ring 23, and pins E119 are adapted to extend through the ears U17 and the tongues 1 E8 to interconnect the ring segment llllb with the main body of the operating ring 2%.
  • the housing M has additional side access openings 1080 for enabling removal of the pins M58 and the pins 119 whereby the entire removable section lllltl is released so as to be laterally removable from the assembly, following which the assembly is laterally removable from the pipe P or the drill collar, should this be necessary or desirable.
  • the operating ring 28 is shifted downwardly so as to align the radial bores 69 and 70 in the operating ring 28 with the respective bores 71 in the connector rods 67, and then keys 55 are inserted to interconnect the means 16; with the operating means id. in addition, the retainer pins d7 are pulled from the latch arms 83 of each of the latch means which hold the pipe slip latch means released so that such latch means will be engaged. The pins 55 are then removed from the operating ring 2% and each of the connector rods 51. There'upon, the latch means for the respective drill collar slips C5 are released and latched in released condition by the pins b7, and the drill collar slips CS may then be actuated as describedwith respect to the drill pipe slips PS.
  • a combined drill collar and drill pipe spider comprising: a slip bowl having a downwardly tapered vertical opening for drill collars and drill pipe, support means disposed about said opening, a plurality of drill collar slips spaced about said opening, means mounting said drill collar slips on said support means for movement between a drill collar engaging position in said opening and a retracted position, a plurality of driil pipe slips spaced about said opening, means mounting said drill pipe slips t'or movement between a. drill pipe engaging position in said opening and a retracted position, means for selectively holding each of said slips in a retracted position, operating means for moving said slips between said positions,
  • a combined drill collar and drill pipe spider as defined in claim l wherein said support means includes a radially removable section removably connected to said spider, one of said slips and its mounting means being carried by said removable section.
  • a combined drill collar and drill pipe spider as defined in claim l wherein said support means includes a radially removable section removably connected to said spider, one of said slips and its mounting means being carried by said removable section, and said operating means includes a ring having a removable segment.
  • a combined drill collar and drill pipe spider as defined in claim l wherein said support means includes a plate having a radial slot, a plate section removably disposed in said slot, said plate and said plate section having portions disposable in adjacent relation and having alignable openings, pin means engageable in said openings to secure'said plate section in said slot, one of said slips and its mounting means being carried by said plate section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
US863777A 1969-10-06 1969-10-06 Power drill pipe and drill collar spider Expired - Lifetime US3571865A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86377769A 1969-10-06 1969-10-06

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US3571865A true US3571865A (en) 1971-03-23

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US863777A Expired - Lifetime US3571865A (en) 1969-10-06 1969-10-06 Power drill pipe and drill collar spider

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US (1) US3571865A (de)
JP (1) JPS5111041B1 (de)
AT (1) AT302931B (de)
DE (1) DE2048245C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2064161B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1291816A (de)
NL (1) NL7014609A (de)
RO (1) RO58896A (de)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999260A (en) * 1976-01-09 1976-12-28 Bj-Hughes Inc. Rotary power slip assembly
US4203182A (en) * 1978-02-13 1980-05-20 Varco International, Inc. Slip assembly
US4306339A (en) * 1980-02-21 1981-12-22 Ward John F Power operated pipe slips and pipe guide
US4333209A (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-06-08 Bj-Hughes Inc. Rotary power slips
EP0072339A2 (de) * 1981-08-04 1983-02-16 Hughes Tool Company Verriegelungsvorrichtung für Elevatoren mit Abfangkeilen
US4715456A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-12-29 Bowen Tools, Inc. Slips for well pipe
US4858694A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-08-22 Exxon Production Research Company Heave compensated stabbing and landing tool
US5042601A (en) * 1990-07-23 1991-08-27 Bilco Tools, Inc. Triple tool with sliding spider bowl
US5900596A (en) * 1995-10-06 1999-05-04 Inventio Ag Hydraulic brake controller
US6206145B1 (en) 1998-12-21 2001-03-27 Inventio Ag Brake apparatus for a hydraulic elevator
WO2001025592A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-12 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Bushing for a drilling rig
US6264395B1 (en) 2000-02-04 2001-07-24 Jerry P. Allamon Slips for drill pipe or other tubular goods
US6371254B1 (en) * 1995-10-06 2002-04-16 John W. Koshak Jack arrestor
US6471439B2 (en) 2000-02-04 2002-10-29 Jerry P. Allamon Slips for drill pipes or other tubular members
US6494298B1 (en) 2000-05-17 2002-12-17 Inventio Ag High efficiency shoes for a jack arrester
US20030173117A1 (en) * 2002-01-04 2003-09-18 David Mason Pipe-gripping structure having load rings
US6631792B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2003-10-14 David A. Buck Low friction slip assembly
US6640939B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2003-11-04 David A. Buck Snubbing unit with improved slip assembly
US20110220344A1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2011-09-15 Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. Method of running a pipe string having an outer diameter transition
US20150090463A1 (en) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 Nabors Corporate Services Automated pipe slips
CN106246117A (zh) * 2015-06-05 2016-12-21 布洛姆福斯论坛石油工具有限公司 用于支承筒形构件的设备

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2706940C2 (de) * 1977-02-18 1983-03-03 Celler Maschinenfabrik Gebr. Schäfer, 3100 Celle Bohrgerät mit hydraulischem Antrieb
US4389760A (en) * 1979-12-07 1983-06-28 Varco International, Inc. Well slip unit
US4589802A (en) * 1981-08-11 1986-05-20 Sedco, Inc. Slip assembly for subsea template
GB8511967D0 (en) * 1985-05-10 1985-06-19 Salvesen Drilling Services Dual tool spider for pipes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1111535A (en) * 1914-09-22 Oil Well Supply Co Hydraulic rotary drilling-machine.
US1356458A (en) * 1919-05-09 1920-10-19 Joseph F Moody Gripping device
US2183526A (en) * 1937-10-29 1939-12-19 Reinhold B Rotary table bushing and means for handling same
US3457605A (en) * 1968-04-22 1969-07-29 Abegg & Reinhold Co Power slip

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2282758A (en) * 1940-04-08 1942-05-12 Clarence J Gallagher Spider for oil and gas wells
US2545627A (en) * 1946-01-15 1951-03-20 Moore George Waldo Slip actuator for rotary drilling machines
US2636241A (en) * 1947-04-09 1953-04-28 Mission Mfg Co Power-operated slip

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1111535A (en) * 1914-09-22 Oil Well Supply Co Hydraulic rotary drilling-machine.
US1356458A (en) * 1919-05-09 1920-10-19 Joseph F Moody Gripping device
US2183526A (en) * 1937-10-29 1939-12-19 Reinhold B Rotary table bushing and means for handling same
US3457605A (en) * 1968-04-22 1969-07-29 Abegg & Reinhold Co Power slip

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999260A (en) * 1976-01-09 1976-12-28 Bj-Hughes Inc. Rotary power slip assembly
DE2700756A1 (de) * 1976-01-09 1977-07-14 Bj Hughes Inc Entfernbar an einem bohrdrehtisch angebrachte aufsetzvorrichtung
US4203182A (en) * 1978-02-13 1980-05-20 Varco International, Inc. Slip assembly
US4306339A (en) * 1980-02-21 1981-12-22 Ward John F Power operated pipe slips and pipe guide
US4333209A (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-06-08 Bj-Hughes Inc. Rotary power slips
EP0072339A2 (de) * 1981-08-04 1983-02-16 Hughes Tool Company Verriegelungsvorrichtung für Elevatoren mit Abfangkeilen
EP0072339A3 (en) * 1981-08-04 1983-05-18 Hughes Tool Company Slip-type elevator locking mechanism
US4715456A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-12-29 Bowen Tools, Inc. Slips for well pipe
US4858694A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-08-22 Exxon Production Research Company Heave compensated stabbing and landing tool
US5042601A (en) * 1990-07-23 1991-08-27 Bilco Tools, Inc. Triple tool with sliding spider bowl
US6371254B1 (en) * 1995-10-06 2002-04-16 John W. Koshak Jack arrestor
US5900596A (en) * 1995-10-06 1999-05-04 Inventio Ag Hydraulic brake controller
US6206145B1 (en) 1998-12-21 2001-03-27 Inventio Ag Brake apparatus for a hydraulic elevator
WO2001025592A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-12 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Bushing for a drilling rig
US6848520B1 (en) 1999-10-06 2005-02-01 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Bushing for a drilling rig
US6264395B1 (en) 2000-02-04 2001-07-24 Jerry P. Allamon Slips for drill pipe or other tubular goods
US6471439B2 (en) 2000-02-04 2002-10-29 Jerry P. Allamon Slips for drill pipes or other tubular members
US6494298B1 (en) 2000-05-17 2002-12-17 Inventio Ag High efficiency shoes for a jack arrester
US6640939B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2003-11-04 David A. Buck Snubbing unit with improved slip assembly
US6631792B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2003-10-14 David A. Buck Low friction slip assembly
US6845814B2 (en) 2002-01-04 2005-01-25 Varco I/P, Inc. Pipe-gripping structure having load rings
US20030173117A1 (en) * 2002-01-04 2003-09-18 David Mason Pipe-gripping structure having load rings
US20110220344A1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2011-09-15 Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. Method of running a pipe string having an outer diameter transition
US8061418B2 (en) * 2007-08-28 2011-11-22 Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. Method of running a pipe string having an outer diameter transition
US20150090463A1 (en) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 Nabors Corporate Services Automated pipe slips
CN105745393A (zh) * 2013-10-01 2016-07-06 内博斯服务公司 自动钻杆卡瓦
CN106246117A (zh) * 2015-06-05 2016-12-21 布洛姆福斯论坛石油工具有限公司 用于支承筒形构件的设备
CN106246117B (zh) * 2015-06-05 2019-12-17 布洛姆福斯论坛石油工具有限公司 用于支承筒形构件的设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7014609A (de) 1971-04-08
DE2048245A1 (de) 1971-04-15
DE2048245C3 (de) 1974-03-28
DE2048245B2 (de) 1973-08-30
FR2064161B1 (de) 1973-12-07
JPS5111041B1 (de) 1976-04-08
AT302931B (de) 1972-11-10
FR2064161A1 (de) 1971-07-16
RO58896A (de) 1976-01-15
GB1291816A (en) 1972-10-04

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