US3570462A - Suction pipe heating by exhaust gas - Google Patents

Suction pipe heating by exhaust gas Download PDF

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US3570462A
US3570462A US726976A US3570462DA US3570462A US 3570462 A US3570462 A US 3570462A US 726976 A US726976 A US 726976A US 3570462D A US3570462D A US 3570462DA US 3570462 A US3570462 A US 3570462A
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Prior art keywords
exhaust
conduit
branch
conduits
valve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US726976A
Inventor
Franz Hauk
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Audi AG
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Auto Union GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19671576445 external-priority patent/DE1576445A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M1/00—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1816—Number of cylinders four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/43—Arrangements for supplying air, fuel or auxiliary fluids to a combustion space of mixture compressing engines working with liquid fuel
    • F02M2700/4302—Arrangements for supplying air, fuel or auxiliary fluids to a combustion space of mixture compressing engines working with liquid fuel whereby air and fuel are sucked into the mixture conduit
    • F02M2700/434—Heating or cooling devices
    • F02M2700/4342—Heating devices
    • F02M2700/4345—Heating devices by means of exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/43—Arrangements for supplying air, fuel or auxiliary fluids to a combustion space of mixture compressing engines working with liquid fuel
    • F02M2700/4302—Arrangements for supplying air, fuel or auxiliary fluids to a combustion space of mixture compressing engines working with liquid fuel whereby air and fuel are sucked into the mixture conduit
    • F02M2700/4392—Conduits, manifolds, as far as heating and cooling if not concerned; Arrangements for removing condensed fuel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the heating of the suction pipe of a four-cylinder combustion engine by exhaust gas.
  • such heating is carried out by a separate branch conduit branched off from the exhaust piping of two cylinders and opening into a preheating conduit having a common wall with the suction pipe. More specifically, branch conduits are branched off from the exhaust pipes of the first and last cylinders and are guided to the preheating conduit.
  • the usual ignition sequence is l-3-4-2 so that in operation the last cylinder follows the first cylinder by a full rotation of the crankshaft.
  • the preheating conduit can be supplied with exhaust gas through one branch conduit, the gas being removed through the other conduit.
  • the gas impulses in the branch conduits follow each other so quickly that detrimental swingings take place. Then the exhaust gas does not flow any more through the preheating conduit with high speed, since it is braked by a counterswinging from the other branch conduit and thus loses the speed which is necessary for the heat exchange.
  • An object of the present invention is the provision of suction pipe heating which will quickly heat the suction pipe at a cold start and will not cause any trouble by overheating the sucked-in mixture when the motor is operationally warm.
  • gas swingings are favorable for the outflow, so that when the third branch conduit is open, a large amount of hot gas flows with great speed along the wall of the suction pipe throughout substantially the entire range of revolutions and thus heats the suction pipe within a short time to the operating temperature.
  • the suction pipe heating operates with great efficiency, particularly when the branch conduits belonging to the first cylinder and the third cylinder are alwaysconnected with the preheating conduit, while the branch conduit belonging to the second cylinder can be connected with the preheating conduit by a flap valve which is preferably actuated depending upon temperature by a bimetallic strip. After the closing of the valve, the gas currents in the branch conduits are braked and prevent an overheating of the suction pipe.
  • the valve is preferably actuated by the bimetallic strip in a manner known per se, so that it is closed when the suction pipe is operationally warm and is open when the suction pipe is cold.
  • the suction pipe heating serves only the purpose of bringing the suction pipe to the operating temperature and does not influence the operation of the motor in the operationally warm condition.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the drive of a four-cylinder, four-cycle-series internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic top view of the engine shown in FIG. ll, illustrating the conduits through which exhaust gases flow.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a section through the admission valve of the first cylinder.
  • FIG. 6 is a section through the exhaust valve of the first cylinder.
  • FIG. 7 is a section along the line VII-VII of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 3.
  • the usual four-cylinder-series internal combustion engine is provided with cylinders designated as l, 2, 3 and 4 in FIG. I.
  • the pistons in the cylinders 1 and 4 are located in the upper dead center position and the pistons of the cylinders 2 and 3 in the inner dead center position.
  • the firing order is l-34-2.
  • the exhaust gas leaves the cylinder 3 later by one-half of the revolution of the crankshaft than the cylinder 1, and earlier by a whole revolution of the crankshaft than the cylinder 2.
  • Each cylinder 1, 2, 3 and 4 is provided with a separate exhaust valve 5 and a separate admission valve 6 (FIG. 2).
  • Exhaust conduits 7, 7a, 7b and 70 extend from the exhaust valves 5 and out of the cylinder head.
  • branch conduits 8, 9 and 10 branch off the exhaust conduits 7, 7a and 7b of the cylinders l, 2 and 3.
  • the branch conduits 8, 9 and 10 as well as the exhaust conduits 7, 7a and 7b can be cast in the cylinder head; the branch conduits leave it from the side which is opposite to the side from which the exhaust conduits extend.
  • the branch conduits 8, 9 and 10 open into branch conduits 8a, aa and 100 which are cast in one piece with the suction pipe 11 (FIG. 3).
  • the branch pipings i2, 13, 14 and 15 of the suction pipe 11 extend into the cylinders 11, 2, 3 and 4.
  • the branch conduits 8a, 9a and 10a extend into a preheating conduit 16 which has a common wall 17 with the suction pipe 11 (FIG. 4).
  • the branch conduit can be connected with the preheating conduit 16 by a flap valve 18 which is operated by a bimetallic strip in such manner that the valve is open when the machine is cold and is closed when the machine is warm.
  • the exhaust conduits 7 and 70 open into a pipe 19 and the exhaust conduits 7a and 7b open into a pipe 20.
  • the pipes 19 and 20 extend into a collecting pipe 21 which conducts the exhaust gases into an exhaust box 22.
  • a four-cylinder in-line engine operable in the ignition sequence 1 -3-4-2 or 1-2-4-3 each of the cylinders having a separate admission valve and a separate exhaust valve, separate exhaust conduits cast in the cylinder heads and each having one end connected to each separate exhaust valve, three branch conduits, each of said three branch conduits being cast in a separate cylinder head and communicating with a separate exhaust valve and with a separate exhaust conduit, a preheating conduit, three other branch conduits, each of said three other branch conduits having one end connected with a separate first-mentioned branch conduit and another end connected with said preheating conduit, a suction pipe having a common wall with said preheating conduit and having branch pipings extending into the four cylinders, a thermostatically operated flap valve located in the central one of said three other branch conduits and connecting said central one of the three other branch conduits with said preheating conduit, an exhaust box and pipes connecting the first-mentioned exhaust conduits with said exhaust box, whereby when said valve is open a part of the exhaust box,

Abstract

In a four-cylinder combustion engine, the heating of the suction pipe by exhaust gas is carried out by a device wherein a separate branch conduit is branched off from the exhaust piping of three cylinders and opens into a preheating conduit having a common wall with the suction pipe.

Description

United States Patent Inventor Franz Hank Ingolstadt, Germany Appl. No. 726,976 Filed May 6, 1968 Patented Mar. 16, 1971 Assignee Auto Union G.m.b.l-1.
Ingolstadt, Germany Priority May 17,1967
Germany P 15 76 445.1
SUCTION PIPE HEATING BY EXHAUST GAS 1 Claim, 8 Drawing Figs.
US. Cl. 123/ 122,
123/52 Int. Cl ..F02m 31/00 Field of Search 123/ 122 (A), 2, 52 (M), 52 (MB), 52 (MV), 52 (ML) [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,757,652 8/1956 Rothwell 123/52MV 3,019,781 2/1962 Kolbe 123/52M 3,363,610 1/1968 Massarotti.. 123/52M 1,476,315 12/1923 Wilsey 123/122A2 Primary Examiner-Laurence M. Goodridge Attorney Richards & Geier ABSTRACT: In a four-cylinder combustion engine, the heating of the suction pipe by exhaust gas is carried out by a device wherein a separate branch conduit is branched off from the exhaust piping of three cylinders and opensinto a preheating conduit having a common wall with the suction pipe.
Patented March 16, 1971 3,570,462
3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. I
lnvemar: FTHauK ATT'OYLNGHS Patented March 16, 1971 3 Shasta-Sheet 2 lave/liar: F. Haw dhmw gw ATTOn-NEBS Patant ad 'Mareh 16, 1971 3,570,462
5 smawsnm a FIG? INVENTOR FRANZ HAUK SUCTTGN lPllPlE HEATING BY EXHAUST GAS This invention relates to the heating of the suction pipe of a four-cylinder combustion engine by exhaust gas. In prior art devices such heating is carried out by a separate branch conduit branched off from the exhaust piping of two cylinders and opening into a preheating conduit having a common wall with the suction pipe. More specifically, branch conduits are branched off from the exhaust pipes of the first and last cylinders and are guided to the preheating conduit. The usual ignition sequence is l-3-4-2 so that in operation the last cylinder follows the first cylinder by a full rotation of the crankshaft. If the revolving speed is slow, the preheating conduit can be supplied with exhaust gas through one branch conduit, the gas being removed through the other conduit. When the rpm. are higher, the gas impulses in the branch conduits follow each other so quickly that detrimental swingings take place. Then the exhaust gas does not flow any more through the preheating conduit with high speed, since it is braked by a counterswinging from the other branch conduit and thus loses the speed which is necessary for the heat exchange. 1
There is the additional drawback that a preheated mixture is also supplied to a heated machine running with a low speed, whereby this machine can develop self-ignition or bell sounds in this condition. Furthermore, the preheating of the suction pipe to the operating temperature consumes a comparatively long time, since the heating can be carried out only by exhaust gases from branch conduits of two cylinders.
An object of the present invention is the provision of suction pipe heating which will quickly heat the suction pipe at a cold start and will not cause any trouble by overheating the sucked-in mixture when the motor is operationally warm.
Other objects of the present invention will become apparent in the course of the following specification.
In the accomplishment of the objectives of the present invention it was found desirable to provide a third branch conduit branching from the exhaust pipe of a third cylinder and opening into the preheating circuit. Thus three exhaust conduits will be used for heating the suction pipe, so that the suction pipe will be heated to operating temperature within a short time. Not only is the amount of exhaust gas used for the heating increased, but the flow conditions are also improved, so that exhaust gases flow past the wall of the suction pipe with greater speed and transmit to it a correspondingly large amount of heat. In accordance with the present invention exhaust gas flowing out of a branch conduit has at its disposal two branch conduits for the outflow. In one of these two conduits, gas swingings are favorable for the outflow, so that when the third branch conduit is open, a large amount of hot gas flows with great speed along the wall of the suction pipe throughout substantially the entire range of revolutions and thus heats the suction pipe within a short time to the operating temperature.
The suction pipe heating operates with great efficiency, particularly when the branch conduits belonging to the first cylinder and the third cylinder are alwaysconnected with the preheating conduit, while the branch conduit belonging to the second cylinder can be connected with the preheating conduit by a flap valve which is preferably actuated depending upon temperature by a bimetallic strip. After the closing of the valve, the gas currents in the branch conduits are braked and prevent an overheating of the suction pipe. The valve is preferably actuated by the bimetallic strip in a manner known per se, so that it is closed when the suction pipe is operationally warm and is open when the suction pipe is cold. When the machine is operationally warm, there is the advantage that as soon as only one valve and thus only one supplying pipe are closed, the other two supplying pipes which are provided with exhaust gas quickly, one after the other, effectively hinder a flow through the preheating conduit, so that the preheating conduit will not become too warm.
In practice, the suction pipe heating serves only the purpose of bringing the suction pipe to the operating temperature and does not influence the operation of the motor in the operationally warm condition.
The invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,' showing by way of example, a preferred embodiment of the inventive idea.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates the drive of a four-cylinder, four-cycle-series internal combustion engine.
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic top view of the engine shown in FIG. ll, illustrating the conduits through which exhaust gases flow.
FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a section through the admission valve of the first cylinder.
FIG. 6 is a section through the exhaust valve of the first cylinder.
FIG. 7 is a section along the line VII-VII of FIG. 3.
FIG. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 3.
The usual four-cylinder-series internal combustion engine is provided with cylinders designated as l, 2, 3 and 4 in FIG. I. The pistons in the cylinders 1 and 4 are located in the upper dead center position and the pistons of the cylinders 2 and 3 in the inner dead center position. The firing order is l-34-2. Thus the exhaust gas leaves the cylinder 3 later by one-half of the revolution of the crankshaft than the cylinder 1, and earlier by a whole revolution of the crankshaft than the cylinder 2. Each cylinder 1, 2, 3 and 4 is provided with a separate exhaust valve 5 and a separate admission valve 6 (FIG. 2). Exhaust conduits 7, 7a, 7b and 70 extend from the exhaust valves 5 and out of the cylinder head. Separate branch conduits 8, 9 and 10 branch off the exhaust conduits 7, 7a and 7b of the cylinders l, 2 and 3. The branch conduits 8, 9 and 10 as well as the exhaust conduits 7, 7a and 7b can be cast in the cylinder head; the branch conduits leave it from the side which is opposite to the side from which the exhaust conduits extend.
The branch conduits 8, 9 and 10 open into branch conduits 8a, aa and 100 which are cast in one piece with the suction pipe 11 (FIG. 3). The branch pipings i2, 13, 14 and 15 of the suction pipe 11 extend into the cylinders 11, 2, 3 and 4. The branch conduits 8a, 9a and 10a extend into a preheating conduit 16 which has a common wall 17 with the suction pipe 11 (FIG. 4). The branch conduit can be connected with the preheating conduit 16 by a flap valve 18 which is operated by a bimetallic strip in such manner that the valve is open when the machine is cold and is closed when the machine is warm. The exhaust conduits 7 and 70 open into a pipe 19 and the exhaust conduits 7a and 7b open into a pipe 20. The pipes 19 and 20 extend into a collecting pipe 21 which conducts the exhaust gases into an exhaust box 22.
In operation, when the' cold internal combustion engine is started, hot exhaust gases flow out of exhaust conduits 7, 7a and 7b and the branch conduits 8, 8a, 9, 9a, 10, and 10a into the preheating conduit to so that they heat through the wall 17 the suction pipe 11 and the fuel-air mixture flowing therethrough. The exhaust gases flowing into the preheating conduit 16 can leave it either through the branch conduit 90 or through the branch conduit lfla, depending upon the number of revolutions with which the machine runs and the swingings of the exhaust gas moving in the branch conduits 9a and lfia. The exhaust gas will flow through the branch conduit having the smallest counterpressure.
lclaim:
l. A four-cylinder in-line engine operable in the ignition sequence 1 -3-4-2 or 1-2-4-3 each of the cylinders having a separate admission valve and a separate exhaust valve, separate exhaust conduits cast in the cylinder heads and each having one end connected to each separate exhaust valve, three branch conduits, each of said three branch conduits being cast in a separate cylinder head and communicating with a separate exhaust valve and with a separate exhaust conduit, a preheating conduit, three other branch conduits, each of said three other branch conduits having one end connected with a separate first-mentioned branch conduit and another end connected with said preheating conduit, a suction pipe having a common wall with said preheating conduit and having branch pipings extending into the four cylinders, a thermostatically operated flap valve located in the central one of said three other branch conduits and connecting said central one of the three other branch conduits with said preheating conduit, an exhaust box and pipes connecting the first-mentioned exhaust conduits with said exhaust box, whereby when said valve is open a part of the exhaust gases flows through the exhaust conduit of the exhaust valve which is open at the time while another part of the exhaust gases flows through said

Claims (1)

1. A four-cylinder in-line engine operable in the ignition sequence 1 -3-4-2 or 1-2-4-3, each of the cylinders having a separate admission valve and a separate exhaust valve, separate exhaust conduits cast in the cylinder heads and each having one end connected to each separate exhaust valve, three branch conduits, each of said three branch conduits being cast in a separate cylinder head and communicating with a separate exhaust valve and with a separate exhaust conduit, a preheating conduit, three other branch conduits, each of said three other branch conduits having one end connected with a separate first-mentioned branch conduit and another end connected with said preheating conduit, a suction pipe having a common wall with said preheating conduit and having branch pipings extending into the four cylinders, a thermostatically operated flap valve located in the central one of said three other branch conduits and connecting said central one of the three other branch conduits with said preheating conduit, an exhaust box and pipes connecting the first-mentioned exhaust conduits with said exhaust box, whereby when said valve is open a part of the exhaust gases flows through the exhaust conduit of the exhaust valve which is open at the time while another part of the exhaust gases flows through said branch conduits, both parts of the exhaust gases flowing into said preheating conduit and thence through some of said branch conduits, past the closed exhaust valves and through said pipes into said exhaust box, and whereby when said valve is closed no exhaust gases are transmitted into the preheating conduit from the exhaust valve connected with said central one of the three other branch conduits while exhaust gases from other open exhaust valves due to disturbances do not produce a continuous flow extending into the preheating conduit.
US726976A 1967-05-17 1968-05-06 Suction pipe heating by exhaust gas Expired - Lifetime US3570462A (en)

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DE19671576445 DE1576445A1 (en) 1967-05-17 1967-05-17 Intake pipe heating by exhaust gas on a four-cylinder internal combustion engine

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030089110A1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2003-05-15 Hiroyuki Niikura Waste heat recovery device of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
US20070113820A1 (en) * 2005-11-02 2007-05-24 Dirk Hartmann Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine having multiple cylinders
US20080120990A1 (en) * 2006-05-09 2008-05-29 Teledyne Isco, Inc. Sample collector and components thereof
US20130291811A1 (en) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with a partially integrated exhaust manifold

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1476315A (en) * 1920-04-29 1923-12-04 Wilsey Inc Method and apparatus for controlling internal-combustion engines
US2757652A (en) * 1951-11-13 1956-08-07 Chrysler Corp Heat supply system and means for engine choke control
US3019781A (en) * 1958-12-29 1962-02-06 Gen Motors Corp Engine manifolding
US3363610A (en) * 1964-05-09 1968-01-16 Massarotti Luigi Inlet manifold for internal-combustion engines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1476315A (en) * 1920-04-29 1923-12-04 Wilsey Inc Method and apparatus for controlling internal-combustion engines
US2757652A (en) * 1951-11-13 1956-08-07 Chrysler Corp Heat supply system and means for engine choke control
US3019781A (en) * 1958-12-29 1962-02-06 Gen Motors Corp Engine manifolding
US3363610A (en) * 1964-05-09 1968-01-16 Massarotti Luigi Inlet manifold for internal-combustion engines

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030089110A1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2003-05-15 Hiroyuki Niikura Waste heat recovery device of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
US6761030B2 (en) * 1999-12-10 2004-07-13 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Waste heat recovery device of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
US20070113820A1 (en) * 2005-11-02 2007-05-24 Dirk Hartmann Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine having multiple cylinders
US7380535B2 (en) * 2005-11-02 2008-06-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine having multiple cylinders
US20080120990A1 (en) * 2006-05-09 2008-05-29 Teledyne Isco, Inc. Sample collector and components thereof
US20130291811A1 (en) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with a partially integrated exhaust manifold
US9261010B2 (en) * 2012-05-03 2016-02-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with a partially integrated exhaust manifold

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