US3570063A - Anvil for use in a high pressure apparatus - Google Patents

Anvil for use in a high pressure apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3570063A
US3570063A US747188A US3570063DA US3570063A US 3570063 A US3570063 A US 3570063A US 747188 A US747188 A US 747188A US 3570063D A US3570063D A US 3570063DA US 3570063 A US3570063 A US 3570063A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
anvil
top surface
pressure
pressurizing
anvils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US747188A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kazuo Yasunami
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Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
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Publication of US3570063A publication Critical patent/US3570063A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
    • B01J3/065—Presses for the formation of diamonds or boronitrides
    • B01J3/067—Presses using a plurality of pressing members working in different directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/007—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a plurality of pressing members working in different directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/065—Press rams

Definitions

  • top surface of an anvil utilized in a high pressure apparatus is made to form a convexed curved surface so as to avoid any breakage due to being sheared off by utilizing a compression force generated in the anvil by applying a pressure to the top surface.
  • a high ratio of the actual pressure to be generated in the center of the substance to be pressurized to the mean pressure to be applied to the top surface is obtained by using the anvil.
  • This invention relates to an anvil used in a high pres sure apparatus employed for the study of various properties of matter and for the purpose of synthesizing new materials by the conversion of the properties of matter.
  • the high pressure apparatus is herein defined as a device for pressurizing an object by the multi-face pressurizing method, including 4-face, 6-face, 8-face, etc.
  • the fundamental principle is to generate a high pressure in a substance of solid matter to be pressurized by pressurizing it by means of anvils.
  • the high pressure apparatus using, for instance, a 6- face pressurizing method is explained according to FIG. 1.
  • Six anvils 1 which are conically shaped on the top surface and arranged slidably along the orthogonal three axes are moved forward by a suitable driving mechanism toward the substance M to be pressurized and placed in the center of the group of anvils 1 (pressurizing center) so that the substance M should be compressed, generating a high pressure therein.
  • This invention has improved the construction of the I anvil regardless of the pressurizing method such as the 6-face pressurizing method shown in FIG. 1 and the like.
  • anvils 1 used in this type of high pressure apparatus have the shape of a frustum with a top surface 2 formed as shown in FIG. 2 and top surface 2 is a plane placed perpendicular to the center axis of the anvil. According to experiences, the defects of conventional anvils 1 are that while they are used to generate a high pressure of about 100,000 atmospheric pressure, cracks will appear on the top surface which will develop into breakage. Since the anvils are expensive, the economical losses incurred are immense.
  • the pressurizing efficiency referred to here means the ratio of the actual pressure P generated in the center of the substance to be pressurized to the imaginary mean pressure R applied to the top surface of the anvil.
  • the imaginary means pressure means the actual load applied to the anvil divided by the area of the top surface of the anvil. The reason why a word imaginary is used is that the actual load is applied to not only the top surface but also the gasket part at the side of the anvil. Therefore, the imaginary mean pressure is substantially larger than the actual mean pressure.
  • This invention has been accomplished in the following ice manner after making investigation on the causes of the above defects.
  • the anvils generally are subject to a large compressive load.
  • materials having high compression strength such as tungsten carbide (compressive strength of 500 kg./cm. to 600 kg./cm. and tensile strength of kg./cm. have been mainly used, but they are very expensive.
  • top surface 2 is deformed during the pressurizing operation into a concave form as shown by chain line 2' in FIG. 2. This fact can be clearly observed by measuring the outer shape of the substance M after compression. This tendency becomes more conspicuous as the substance to be pressurized increases in volume, that is to say, as the top surface of the anvil becomes larger.
  • this anvil is capable of preventing breakages such as encountered before and of increasing the pressurizing efiiciency.
  • An object of this invention is to provide anvils of high safety which are almost free of breakage.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide anvils which generate higher pressure with the same compression stroke.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide anvils which are capable of obtaining the higher pressure at higher pressurizing efficiencies.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the principle of a very high pressure apparatus based on a 6-face pressurizing system
  • FIG. 2 is a partially sectioned front view of a conventional a-nvil used in the above system
  • FIG. 3 is a partially sectioned front view of an anvil of this invention
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the anvil of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the distributions of pressure in the anvils.
  • a top surface 20 of an anvil 10 is formed in a convexed curved surface.
  • the convexed curved surface referred to above means any kind of surfaces having one or more radii of curvature, such as, a part of a sphere, ellipsoid, paraboloid, etc.
  • the deformation of top surface 20 of anvil 10 is explained as follows:
  • top surface 20 When top surface 20 is subject to a pressure in a direction vertical to it, the surface will be deformed into the state shown by chain line 20' of FIG. 3.
  • the distortion strain occurred in the center axis of the substance by the movement of the anvil is larger than the distortion strain in the conventional method, with each surface of the substance.
  • An anvil for use in an apparatus for generating a high pressure in four or more perpendicular directions characterized in that the top surface of the anvil is composed of an integral convexed curved surface with a radius of curvature substantially twice the diagonal length of the top of the anvil and that the center of curvature is on the axial center line of the anvil.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
US747188A 1967-08-01 1968-07-24 Anvil for use in a high pressure apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3570063A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4903367 1967-08-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3570063A true US3570063A (en) 1971-03-16

Family

ID=12819762

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US747188A Expired - Lifetime US3570063A (en) 1967-08-01 1968-07-24 Anvil for use in a high pressure apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3570063A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1773964B1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR1575261A (enExample)
GB (1) GB1234242A (enExample)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4943079A (en) * 1989-07-14 1990-07-24 Harbold's Auto & Truck Inc. Temporary trailer brake release system
CN101721952B (zh) * 2009-11-27 2012-02-01 河南黄河旋风股份有限公司 四面体压机顶锤
CN102527296A (zh) * 2012-01-06 2012-07-04 吉林大学 多级圆角式高压顶砧
CN108581643A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2018-09-28 洛阳金鹭硬质合金工具有限公司 一种硬质合金顶锤的自动化加工设备及加工方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103331130B (zh) * 2013-07-22 2015-08-05 中南钻石有限公司 一种顶锤校正训练装置及校正训练方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1288078B (de) * 1969-01-30 Barogenics, Inc., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) Presse zur Erzeugung hoher Drucke
US3150413A (en) * 1962-12-13 1964-09-29 Barogenics Inc High pressure presses and components thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4943079A (en) * 1989-07-14 1990-07-24 Harbold's Auto & Truck Inc. Temporary trailer brake release system
CN101721952B (zh) * 2009-11-27 2012-02-01 河南黄河旋风股份有限公司 四面体压机顶锤
CN102527296A (zh) * 2012-01-06 2012-07-04 吉林大学 多级圆角式高压顶砧
CN108581643A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2018-09-28 洛阳金鹭硬质合金工具有限公司 一种硬质合金顶锤的自动化加工设备及加工方法
CN108581643B (zh) * 2018-04-27 2020-05-01 洛阳金鹭硬质合金工具有限公司 一种硬质合金顶锤的自动化加工设备及加工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1575261A (enExample) 1969-07-18
GB1234242A (enExample) 1971-06-03
DE1773964B1 (de) 1972-03-23

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