US3566320A - Electromagnetic device having a dual coil for independent tripping thereof - Google Patents

Electromagnetic device having a dual coil for independent tripping thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3566320A
US3566320A US830634A US3566320DA US3566320A US 3566320 A US3566320 A US 3566320A US 830634 A US830634 A US 830634A US 3566320D A US3566320D A US 3566320DA US 3566320 A US3566320 A US 3566320A
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United States
Prior art keywords
coil
armature
tube
time delay
coils
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Expired - Lifetime
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US830634A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hal H Bakes
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Heinemann Electric Co
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Heinemann Electric Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/34—Electromagnetic mechanisms having two or more armatures controlled by a common winding
    • H01H71/345—Electromagnetic mechanisms having two or more armatures controlled by a common winding having a delayed movable core and a movable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition

Definitions

  • An electromagnetic device comprising first and second solenoid coils, an armature actuatable by either coil and a magnetizable frame carrying the coils.
  • a time delay device comprising a tube of non-magnetic material Within which is a movable magnetizable core and with which the first coil cooperates to actuate the armature after a time delay period upon predetermined energization of the first coil.
  • the tube has a pole piece at one end toward which the armature is attracted on predetermined overload conditions, the core being biased toward the end of the tube away from the pole piece. Both coils surround the tube and the first coil provides overload tripping of the device, while the second coil trips the device in response to an electrical signal independently of whether the first coil is energized or not.
  • This invention relates to electromagnetic devices and, in particular, to circuit breakers and relays in which overload sensing is accomplished electromagnetically by a device which permits the circuit breaker or relay to actuate after a time delay period at ceratin overloads and with substantially no time delay at other overloads.
  • Such devices are illustrated, for example, in US. Pat. No. 2,360,922, issued to Kurt W. Wilckens, and US. Pat. No. 3,329,913, issued to William W. Camp.
  • This invention is embodied in a single pole electrical circuit breaker having separable contacts actuatable by a toggle linkage.
  • the toggle linkage on predetermined current conditions, is tripped by a pivotal armature.
  • the armature forms part of the electromagnetic device which further comprises a frame and two solenoid coils.
  • the solenoid coils partially surround a time delay device comprising a tube housing a core of magnetizable material which is biased toward one end, the rear end, of the tube.
  • the other, or forward, end of the tube includes a magnetizable pole piece toward which the core moves upon sufficient energization of the first coil, and the armature is biased away from the pole piece.
  • the core moves toward the pole piece until the electromagnetic fiux increases, after a time delay period, to a level sufiicient to actuate the armature, whereupon the armature trips the toggle linkage and the contacts open.
  • the electromagnetic flux produced by this coil is sufficient to actuate the armature and trip the toggle linkage with substantially no time delay.
  • the other coil on predetermined energization thereof, in a circuit separate from or common with that of the first coil, produces a sufficient electromagnetic flux to actuate the armature and trip the toggle linkage with substantially no time delay, whereupon the contacts open, independently of the flux produced by the first coil.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing a modification of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a circuit breaker 10 generally similar to the one disclosed and claimed in US. Pat. No. 3,329,913, issued to William W. Camp, and assigned to the Heinemann Electric Company.
  • the circuit breaker may be briefly described as comprising an insulating case 20 formed by abutting substantially half-cases, only one half-case being illustrated in FIG. 1, an operating handle 22, and terminals 25 and 26 for connecting the circuit breaker to a load.
  • a linkage 30 comprising toggle links 32 and 34 and a movable arm 36.
  • the terminal 25 supports a stationary contact 38 which cooperates with a movable contact 40, the latter being carried by the movable arm 36.
  • the movable arm 36 pivots about a pintle 42, carried by a frame 44, and is biased by a spring 46 to the open position of the contacts.
  • the toggle link 34 is pivotally connected to the movable arm 36 at one end and to the toggle link 32 at the other end to form the knee of the toggle, the link 32 being pivotally connected at its upper end to the handle 22 by a pintle 50.
  • the handle 22 oscillates about a fixed pintle 52 which is carried by the frame 44 and is biased to the off position of the contacts by a reset spring 54, the spring 54 also resetting the toggle linkage upon tripping of the mechanism.
  • the toggle link 32 engages a latch 56 carried by the link 34.
  • the latch 56 is tripped by a pivotal armature 60 having three arms, namely an unlatching member 62, an attracted end 64 and a balance portion 66.
  • the unlatchin-g member 62 engages the latch 56 and turns it to unlatch the toggle, thereby allowing the toggle to collapse under the bias of the spring 46, when the armature arm 64 is attracted (upon suflicient overload), toward the pole piece 70 of an electromagnet device 72.
  • the armature 60 is biased by a spring 55 in the clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 1, biasing the attracted end 64 away from the pole piece 70.
  • the electromagnet device 72 further comprises a main or first solenoid coil 74 about a tube 76, the latter projecting through a sleeve 77 of a leg 78 of the frame 44 whose other leg 79 extends longitudinally along the coil, as shown.
  • the tube 76 is of nonmagnetic material and houses a movable core 80 of magnetizable material biased by a spring 82 toward the lower end of the tube and is retarded in its upward movement by a liquid, preferably a silicone oil, within the tube 76 to provide a time delay below certain overload currents before tripping of the circuit breaker takes place.
  • the coil 74 has one end connected to the movable arm 36 by a flexible conductor 84 and the other end connected by a conductor 86 to the terminal 26.
  • an electromagnetic tripping device or sensing element is formed by the coil 74, tube 76, movable core 80, and armature 60 for tripping the circuit breaker after a time delay period at certain overloads or substantially instantaneously at other, higher overloads.
  • the coil 74 is formed by turns of insulated wire wound around an insulator bobbin 90 having a central, axial hole through which the tube 76 extends. As illustrated, the bobbin 90 has upper and lower flanges 91 and 92 and the lower flange 92 may rest upon the leg 78. The tube 76. may also be soldered to the leg 78.
  • the tube 76 extends, at its upper end, as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2, above the upper flange 91 and the pole piece 70 may extend radially beyond the outer, cylindrical wall of the tube to define an annular space between the surface 95 of the pole piece 70 and the upper surface of the flange 91 within which is placed an auxiliary or second solenoid coil 96.
  • magnetic gaps are formed between the pole piece 70 and the core 80, and between the pole piece 70 and the armature attracted end 64.
  • the second coil 96 is formed by turns of insulated wire wound -(in the same direction as the coil 74) around an insulator bobbin 100 having a central, axial hole through which the tube 76 extends. Further, one end 102 of the coil 96 is soldered to a terminal 104 and the other end 106 of the coil 96 is soldered to another terminal 108, as shown.
  • the terminals 104 and 108 are spaced from each other by a block 110, the block 110 and terminals 104 and 108 being carried by the case 20, as shown and described in further detail in US. Pat. No. 3,329,793, issued to William W. Camp, and assigned to the Heinemann Electric Company.
  • the first coil 74 the current coil
  • the second coil 96 is energized only when tripping of the circuit breaker is required, for example,
  • the wire diameter and number of turns of the second coil 96 is such that energization of the second coil 96 with substantially line voltage attracts the armature end portion 64 and will cause tripping of the latch 56 and opening of the contacts 38 and 40 with substantially no time delay period.
  • the diameter of the wire of the coil 96 is decreased (increasing the resistance of the coil and, hence, decreasing the amount of current through the coil) and the number of turns of the coil 96 are adjusted so that the electromagnetic flux produced by the second coil 96 is less than that required to trip the circuit breaker substantially instantaneously, i.e., with no intended time delay period. If the first coil 74 is also energized at this time, then the total electromagnetic flux produced by the coils 74 and 96 must be less than that required to trip the circuit breaker without a time delay period.
  • both coils 74 and 96 are placed around the tube 76 so as to surround a part of the length of the tube, the second coil 96 being preferably placed between the first coil 74 and the pole piece 96. It has been found, however, that the position of the two coils may be reversed. but this is not illustrated, also, it has been found that the two coils may be wound coaxially and overlapping each other along the length of the tube between the frame leg 78 and the pole piece 70, but this also is not illustrated. If the two coils are wound in coaxial, overlapping relation to each other, either coil may be the radially inner one or the radially outer one.
  • the time delay feature may be substantially eliminated by omitting the liquid from the tube 76 completely or by replacing the tube 76 with a fixed core of magnetizable material.
  • both coils 74 and 96 are wound in the same direction so that the electromagnetic flux producedby the FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates a modification of the invention and shows a circuit breaker having an overload or first coil 74' and a voltage or second coil 96.
  • the coils 74' and 96' form part of an electromagnetic device similar to the electromagnetic device 72 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 for tripping a mechanism (not illustrated) to open the contacts 40 and 38'.
  • the coil 74' is electrically connected at one end to a terminal 26' and at the other end is electrically connected to the movable contact 40', as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the stationary contact 38' is in turn connected to the terminal so that the terminals 25' and 26' may then be connected by suitable conductors to a load L, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the coil 96' is connected at one end to one side of the electrical source by being connected to the terminal 26' and at its other end is connected to a terminal 104'.
  • the terminal 104' is then connected to a suitable switch S, as shown, the switch S being in turn connected to the other side of the electrical source.
  • the coils 74' and 96' are connected commonly to one side of the electrical line, thereby eliminating one terminal, an arrangement which may be used when both coils are to be energized from the same source.
  • the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 on the other hand would beapplicable where the coils are to be energized from different sources.
  • the invention is applicable to use with alternating current or direct current sources.
  • the current polarity to the coils is such that the resulting electromagnetic fluxes are cumulative.
  • An electromagnetic device comprising a first solenoid coil
  • said core being movable by said first coil toward said pole piece
  • said first coi-l having turns to produce a suflicient magnetic flux to actuate said armature after a time delay period upon predetermined energization of said first coil and at a higher predetermined energization of said first coil for producing sutficient magnetic flux to actuate said armature with substantially no time delay
  • said second coil having turns to produce a sufiicient magnetic flux to actuate saidiarmature independently of whether or not said first coil is energized and with substantially no time delay upon predetermined energization of said second coil, so that either coil may independently actuate said armature.
  • said magnetizable frame includes substantially right angle legs and said coils are disposed within the space defined by said legs and between one of said legs and said pole piece.
  • an electromagnetic device including a first solenoid coil for connection in series with a load and responsive to an increase in current to said load
  • said armature being pivotally carried by said frame, and a spring biasing said armature away from said first solenoid coil
  • said first solenoid coil also having enough ampereturns to actuate said armature independently of said second solenoid coil.
  • a pole piece of magnetizable material is secured to the end portion of said tube toward which said armature moves
  • said magnetizable core being movable by the magnetic field of either or both of said coils along the longitudinal axis of said tube toward said pole piece to provide a time delay before actuation of said armature at predetermined energizations of said coils.
  • a circuit breaker, relay or the like having a pair of contacts, means for separating said contacts, and an electromagnetic device including a first solenoid coil for connection in series with a load and a source and responsive to an increase in current to said load, and an armature in communication with the magnetic field generated by said first coil and responsive to said field for actuating said means, the improvement comprising a second solenoid coil for responding to a condition other than the magnitude of current to said load to generate a magnetic field in communication with said armature for actuating said armature independently of said first solenoid coil, said first coil adapted to actuate said armature independently of said second solenoid coil, and either of said coils being capable of actuating said armature at any given time.
  • said electromagnetic device includes time delay means which cooperates with said first coil to actuate said armature after a predetermined time delay upon the existence of a first current to said load and to actuate said armature without any intentional time delay upon the occurrence of a second current to said load, greater than said first current, said second coil being also adapted to actuate said armature either after a' time delay or instantaneously dependent on the current through said second coil.
  • said time delay means includes a non-magnetic tube on which said first and second coils are wound, said tube containing a movable magnetic core which is biased away from said armature and a liquid for retarding the movement of said core, said magnetic core being movable by the magnetic fields of either or both of said coils along the longitudinal axis of the tube to provide a time delay before actuation of said armature at predetermined energizations of said coils.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
US830634A 1969-06-05 1969-06-05 Electromagnetic device having a dual coil for independent tripping thereof Expired - Lifetime US3566320A (en)

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US83063469A 1969-06-05 1969-06-05

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US (1) US3566320A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1963708A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2054563B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1293572A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900810A (en) * 1974-06-26 1975-08-19 Texas Instruments Inc Time delay capsule for magnetic circuit breaker
US4013926A (en) * 1975-07-11 1977-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit breaker with improved trip actuator and undervoltage release mechanism
US5053736A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-10-01 Carlingswitch, Inc. Molded split case electromagnetic circuit breaker assembly
US5506556A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-04-09 Circuit Breaker Industries Limited Circuit breaker mechanism
EP1345245A3 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-10-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslösevorrichtung für ein Schaltgerät
EP2249368A1 (en) * 2009-05-08 2010-11-10 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Circuit breaker system
CN102163523A (zh) * 2011-03-16 2011-08-24 温州市新蓝天电器有限公司 一种断路器的脱扣分流机构
CN103123860A (zh) * 2011-07-07 2013-05-29 洛克威尔自动控制技术股份有限公司 用于具有集成磁性致动器的电流互感器的成本有效的设计
US8456782B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2013-06-04 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Cost effective design for a current transformer with an integrated magnetic actuator
US8681466B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2014-03-25 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Magnetic core coupling in a current transformer with integrated magnetic actuator
US20140292452A1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2014-10-02 Siemens Aktiengellschaft Switching-device tripping apparatus
US20180218864A1 (en) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-02 Michael Fasano High Voltage DC Relay
US20180259023A1 (en) * 2015-09-15 2018-09-13 Thermolift, Inc. A Spring for an Electromagnetic Actuator
US10714291B2 (en) * 2015-12-11 2020-07-14 Omron Corporation Relay
US10726985B2 (en) * 2018-03-22 2020-07-28 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Multi-stage actuator assembly
US10964504B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2021-03-30 Omron Corporation Relay
US11232923B2 (en) 2019-06-21 2022-01-25 Carling Technologies, Inc. High voltage latching relay with manual actuator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3136412A1 (de) * 1981-09-14 1983-03-24 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kombinierter fehlerstromschutz- und leitungsschutzschalter

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1331086A (en) * 1916-11-27 1920-02-17 Gen Electric Tripping mechanism
DE158377C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1936-12-09
US2689282A (en) * 1950-12-23 1954-09-14 Heinemann Electric Co Multipole circuit breaker
US3329913A (en) * 1966-01-28 1967-07-04 Heinemann Electric Co Circuit breaker mechanism

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900810A (en) * 1974-06-26 1975-08-19 Texas Instruments Inc Time delay capsule for magnetic circuit breaker
US4013926A (en) * 1975-07-11 1977-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit breaker with improved trip actuator and undervoltage release mechanism
US5053736A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-10-01 Carlingswitch, Inc. Molded split case electromagnetic circuit breaker assembly
US5506556A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-04-09 Circuit Breaker Industries Limited Circuit breaker mechanism
CN1037382C (zh) * 1993-07-06 1998-02-11 断路器工业有限公司 断路器操动机构
EP1345245A3 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-10-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslösevorrichtung für ein Schaltgerät
CN101908448B (zh) * 2009-05-08 2013-11-13 洛克威尔自动控制技术股份有限公司 断路器系统
US8681466B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2014-03-25 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Magnetic core coupling in a current transformer with integrated magnetic actuator
US20100332046A1 (en) * 2009-05-08 2010-12-30 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Current transformer with integrated actuator
US8427803B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2013-04-23 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Current transformer with integrated actuator
CN101908448A (zh) * 2009-05-08 2010-12-08 洛克威尔自动控制技术股份有限公司 具有集成致动器的电流互感器
US8456782B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2013-06-04 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Cost effective design for a current transformer with an integrated magnetic actuator
EP2249368A1 (en) * 2009-05-08 2010-11-10 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Circuit breaker system
CN102163523A (zh) * 2011-03-16 2011-08-24 温州市新蓝天电器有限公司 一种断路器的脱扣分流机构
CN102163523B (zh) * 2011-03-16 2013-04-03 温州市新蓝天电器有限公司 一种断路器的脱扣分流机构
CN103123860B (zh) * 2011-07-07 2016-12-21 洛克威尔自动控制技术股份有限公司 用于具有集成磁性致动器的电流互感器的成本有效的设计
CN103123860A (zh) * 2011-07-07 2013-05-29 洛克威尔自动控制技术股份有限公司 用于具有集成磁性致动器的电流互感器的成本有效的设计
US20140292452A1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2014-10-02 Siemens Aktiengellschaft Switching-device tripping apparatus
US9548175B2 (en) * 2011-12-02 2017-01-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switching-device tripping apparatus
US20180259023A1 (en) * 2015-09-15 2018-09-13 Thermolift, Inc. A Spring for an Electromagnetic Actuator
US10714291B2 (en) * 2015-12-11 2020-07-14 Omron Corporation Relay
US10964504B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2021-03-30 Omron Corporation Relay
US20180218864A1 (en) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-02 Michael Fasano High Voltage DC Relay
CN108364835A (zh) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-03 嘉灵科技有限公司 高电压直流继电器
US10276335B2 (en) * 2017-01-27 2019-04-30 Carling Technologies, Inc. High voltage DC relay
CN108364835B (zh) * 2017-01-27 2019-08-20 嘉灵科技有限公司 高电压直流继电器
US10726985B2 (en) * 2018-03-22 2020-07-28 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Multi-stage actuator assembly
US11232923B2 (en) 2019-06-21 2022-01-25 Carling Technologies, Inc. High voltage latching relay with manual actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2054563A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-23
GB1293572A (en) 1972-10-18
DE1963708A1 (de) 1970-12-17
FR2054563B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-01

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