US3566073A - Out-of-position automatic cored welding electrode - Google Patents

Out-of-position automatic cored welding electrode Download PDF

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US3566073A
US3566073A US718588A US3566073DA US3566073A US 3566073 A US3566073 A US 3566073A US 718588 A US718588 A US 718588A US 3566073D A US3566073D A US 3566073DA US 3566073 A US3566073 A US 3566073A
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arc
ingredients
electrode
barium
halides
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Thomas Joseph Black
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Lincoln Electric Co
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Lincoln Electric Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • B23K35/3603—Halide salts
    • B23K35/3605—Fluorides

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to the art of electric arc-welding and, more particularly, to a cored-type welding electrode particularly intended for automatic out-of-position arc-welding.
  • automatic By automatic is meant feeding a welding electrode of indefinite length longitudinally past an electric contact forming part of a welding head toward the workpiece to be welded and simultaneously advancing the electrode laterally to deposit a weld bead.
  • the welding head may be either mechanically supported and sidewardly moved in which case the welding may be referred to as fully automatic welding" or manually held, in which case the welding is generally referredto as semiautomatic welding.”
  • out-of-position is meant that the surface of the workpiece being welded is at an angle relative to an upwardly facing horizontal plane.
  • the amount of out-of-position is determined by the angle of the workpiece relative to the horizontal; being upwardly facing horizontal-in which case the welding is termed downhand; 90 being vertical; and, l80 being downwardly facing horizontal in which case the welding is termed overhead.
  • the arc melts both the workpiece to form a molten puddle and the electrode end to form molten droplets which continuously transfer across the arc gap, mix with the metal in the molten puddle and form a weld bead as the metal then rapidly solidifies.
  • Means such as a granular flux, shielding gases or, and more recently, flux positioned inside of a cored or tubular electrode, are used to shield the are from the atmosphere.
  • Cored-type welding electrodes are particularly desirable for out-of-position welding because they do not require externally supplied gases with the attendant pressurized containers, pressure regulator valves, etc. Nor do they require a bulky welding head and heavy hoses connecting the welding head with the containers which make holding the head in an elevated position for semiautomatic welding quite difficult. Cored-type welding electrodes also do not require the use of independently suppliedgranular fluxes which are-not only messy, but extremely difficult, if not impossible, to hold in place when the workpiece angle exceeds 45.
  • a large part of out-of-position welding is performed on the thinner or light gauge sheet metals.
  • Such metals require the use of relatively low arc currents, e.g., on the order of 50 to I00 amperes to prevent burnthrough of the metal.
  • the arc is unstable and undefined and also has insufficient force to transfer the molten droplets from the electrode end to the molten weld pool against the force of gravity.
  • Cored-type welding electrodes heretofore have worked best at the higher welding currents, e.g., from 300 to 500 amperes. Such currents present two problems as far as out-of-position welding is concerned. They are so high that welding cannot be performed on the thinner gauge metals without burnthrough.
  • the higher currents melt so much metal that the amount of molten metal which exists at any one time is usually greater than that which the surface tension of the molten metal can hold in place.
  • a cored-type electrode containing a flux comprised usually of oxides of one or more metals such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, silicon or the like; and at least one or more highly reactive deoxidizers (or killing agents) such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, silicon, calcium, lithium or the like; and at least one or more halides of the alkali and alkaline earth metal or aluminum fluoride was described and claimed in US Pat. No. 2,909,778 owned by the assignee of this application.
  • the oxides need not always be employed so long as the deoxidizer provides an oxide in the slag system.
  • the core of such electrode contains a slag forming and are protecting system cdmprised principally of calcium fluoride and highly reactive metals, such as magnesium and aluminum, which react with the oxygen in the air and in the weld metal to form oxides which would then become part of the slag system.
  • a slag forming and are protecting system cdmprised principally of calcium fluoride and highly reactive metals, such as magnesium and aluminum, which react with the oxygen in the air and in the weld metal to form oxides which would then become part of the slag system.
  • the present invention contemplates a cored-type electrode of this general type containing in addition, other ingredients which overcome all of the difficulties above referred to and enable a cored-type welding electrode to readily perform outof-position arc welds.
  • an electrode of the type referred to has an additional and essential ingredient barium, and/or strontium and/or compounds thereof.
  • a cored-type electrode has aslagfonning and arc-protecting system comprised principally of calcium fluoride, magnesium and aluminum and/or the oxides thereof and also contains as an additional and essential ingredient (s): barium and/or strontium and/or compounds thereof.
  • the high-viscosity slag tends to provide a dam preventing the molten metal from running out of the weld pool under the force of gravity.
  • the pinch effect provides a confining action on the are giving it force at the lower currents and assisting in the transfer of the molten metal from the electrode end .to a definite spot on the weld pool, thus, assisting the welder in following and laying down a narrow weld bead on the thinner gauge metals.
  • the penetration is less resulting in less danger of burnthrough of the workpiece and also the amount of metal melted off is much less so that the amount of molten metal in the weld pool is less than or approaches that which the surface tension of the molten metal can hold in place against the force of gravity.
  • the electrode also works well at the higher currents.
  • the molten metal remained in position for approximately 0.09 minutes from the instant that the arc was struck to the instant that the mass of molten metal and slag fell away under the force of gravity.
  • standard procedures The exact conditions under which these tests were performed are set forth in detail hereinafter and will be referred to herein as standard procedures.”
  • the time will be referred to as the arc pool breakaway time.
  • a cored electrode wherein the slag system has a viscosity such that the arc pool breakaway time under standard procedures is between 0.1 l and 0.40 minutes.
  • a selfshielded flux cored welding electrode comprised of a tube of low carbon steel having on the inside thereof flux ingredients having the following range of weight percents of the total weight of the electrode.
  • Cast iron powder is used to add carbon to the ingredients. Usually such carbon is present in the cast iron in amounts of from 2 to 6 percent. By balancing the amounts of iron powder and cast iron powder, the desired amounts of carbon may be added to the weld bead.
  • the total weight percent of flux ingredients to total electrode weight is from 1 l percent to 35 percent, 13.5 percent to 22.0 percent is preferred.
  • the principal object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved cored-type welding electrode which readily welds in all positions.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a new and improved cored welding electrode wherein the slag has a substantially higher viscosity than previously known electrodes.
  • Still another object of the invention is the provision of a new and improved cored welding electrode wherein in addition to the usual shielding ingredients, barium, strontium or a compound of barium or strontium is included for the purpose of increasing the molten slag viscosity.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a coredtype welding electrode which when fed toward a spot on A- inch steel at a 90 angle at 22 volts and 250 amperes provides a molten pool of steel and slag which remains in position for at least 0.11 minutes.
  • Another object is the provision of an automatic cored electrode which will weld satisfactorily at lower arc currents than heretofore.
  • Another object of the invention is a cored electrode for automatic welding capable of welding all thicknesses of metal including sheet metal in all electrode positions.
  • Still another object is the provision of a welding electrode for automatic welding which will weld sheet metal in out-ofposition.
  • the invention may take physical form in certain welding electrodes and slag systems and the characteristics thereof as defined by certain test procedures which are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which forms a part hereof and wherein:
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a short length of a welding electrode with portions broken away illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a view somewhat schematic of the test apparatus used in connection with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the arc pool breakaway time obtained with various electrodes plotted against the out-of-position angle of the workpiece surface.
  • FIG. 1 shows a welding electrode E comprised of a tube 10 of steel having on the inside thereof in tightly compacted condition welding ingredients 11 of a formulation in accordance with the present invention, which will produce a slag system of the desired viscosity.
  • the tube 10 is preferably made from ordinary low carbon or mild steel, as is conventional in the welding art. It may either be a seamless tube or it may be made from a ribbon having its edges 12 in overlapping, or as shown and preferably in abutting relationship.
  • the electrode of FIG. 1 is manufactured by: providing the various flux ingredients to be described hereinafter in the proper weights and carefully blending them so that they are uniformly distributed throughout the entire mass; providing the steel in the form of a U-shaped ribbon of generally uniform thickness; filling the U with the blended flux ingredients to the desired weight percentage; bringing the ends of the U together to form a tube; and then drawing the tube to the desired final diameter.
  • This drawing operation compacts all of the flux ingredients 11 on the inside of the tube together and prevents the various ingredients from becoming segregated as a result of vibration caused by handling of the electrode, either in shipment or in use.
  • the diameter of the electrode may be as desired, e.g. from one thirty-second inch to five thirty-second inch. Preferred diameters are one-sixteenth through one-eighth inch.
  • the wall thickness of the preferred electrode is such as to have a crosssectional area equivalent to a solid electrode of .058 to three thirtysecond inches in diameter.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a standard test apparatus and procedures developed in connection with the present invention for defining a slag system having a viscosity coming within the scope of the invention. So that this apparatus and procedure may be readily duplicated for future comparison purposes, and for determining infringement, it will be described in considerable detail and will be referred to hereinafter and in the claims as standard procedures.
  • the apparatus consists of a table 20 having a workpiece facing surface 21.
  • the opposite surface has a leg 22 pivoted by a horizontally extending shaft 24 to a vertically-extending fixed leg 23.
  • Clamping means 25 are provided for clamping the table 20 at any desired angle so that the surface 21 can be moved from 0 when it is horizontal and upwardly facing to when it is vertical.
  • the table 20 is shown in solid lines in the 45 position and in phantom lines in the 90 position.
  • the workpiece W consists of a flat plate of mild steel having a thickness of one-fourth inch, a width of 2 inches, and a length of 18 inches.
  • the workpiece W is mounted in spaced relationship to the surface 21 by copper blocks having a width of 3 inches, a thickness of three-eighth inch, and length of 1 inch. These blocks are mounted between the workpiece W and the table 20 so that their long edge is flush with the ends of the workpiece W.
  • Clamps C are employed for the purpose of holding the workpiece W in firm heat-conducting and electrical conducting relationship with the blocks 30.
  • the electrode E feeding and energizing apparatus is a conventional handheld welding gun and is shown somewhat schematically as consisting of a pair of electrode feed rolls 35 driven by an electric motor M which can be adjusted to any desired speed, and when once adjusted will operate continuously at such speed.
  • the rolls 35 advance the electrode E past contacts 36, the ends of which are spaced a distance of 1% inches from the surface of the workpiece W. This distance is known as the electrical stick out.
  • the electrode used in the standard procedures was a five sixty-fourth diameter cored-type electrode as previously described above.
  • a direct current generator G has its negative terminal connectedto the contacts 36 and its positive terminal connected to the workpiece W. No provision is made for advancing the electrode sidewardly relative to the workpiece. In other words, the tests to prove the invention simply involve advancing the electrode E towards a single spot on the workpiece W. The arc pool breakaway time commenced with the striking of the arc and stopped when the molten pool fell away fromthe spot under the force of gravity.
  • he generator used was a standard SAF 300-F 162 gas engine welding generator manufactured by The Lincoln Electric Company of Cleveland, Ohio, the assignee of this application.
  • the generator voltage-ampere curve was such that at no current the open circuit voltage at the terminals was 30 volts, at 250 amperes the voltage was 22 volts, and at short circuit the current was 750 amperes.
  • the electrode E to be tested was inserted and fed toward a specimen workpiece and the proper adjustments of the speed of the motor M made so that the welding current was 250 amperes as measured on a standard meter.
  • the workpiece W at room temperature was clamped on the worktable, as shown, and the table then moved to the desired angle.
  • the electrode E was then fed on a line of movement at right angles to the surface of the workpiece W toward a single spot.
  • the timing started and thereafter the molten slag and metal were allowed to build up.
  • the slag formed a circular dam surrounding and supporting the molten metal as a puddle in the middle.
  • Curve 50 is the curve of an electrode manufactured by The Lincoln Electric Company, the assignee of this application under the trademark NS-3M, and was the best curve of any electrode then obtainable.
  • the maximum arc pool breakaway time obtainable was 0.09 minutes, which time increased but slightly as the outof-position angle was decreased until the out-of-position angle was approximately 60, at which time the time increased substantially.
  • the arc pool breakaway time of curve 50 is unsatisfactory for welding'in the 90 of out-of-position angle.
  • Curve 52 shows the results obtained with electrode V, it being noted that the time at the 90 out-of-position angle is approximately 144 percent greater than the time in minutes of curve 50 which, as stated, was the best electrode then known for this purpose.
  • the slag system of electrode V is more viscous, such that welding with it becomes somewhat more difficult in some applications. lt.is believed the upper limit of viscosity for the usual applications will be about 0.40 minutes at 90 from the horizontal.
  • the total weight percent of the flux ingredients to the total electrode weight can vary from 11 percent to 35 percent, but 13.5 percent to 22.0 percent is preferred.
  • Electrode IV Barium tetra aluminide 1. 02
  • Electrode VII Another formulation which has worked satisfactorily is as follows:
  • the barium fluoride is employed as the shielding medium.
  • calcium fluoride is principally employed as the shielding medium.
  • the magnesium and aluminum function as deoxidizers while their oxides contribute to the slag viscosity along with the barium or strontium compound which is employed both for the purpose of increasing the viscosity of the slag as well as giving a pinch effect on the molten metal as it forms on the electrode end forcing it to transfer to the workpiece in small droplets. It is apparent from a study of curves 53 and 54 in relation to curves 51 and 52 that barium fluoride alone will not accomplish the desired results.
  • the higher viscosity results from the combination of all the compounds in the slag system, e.g., calcium fluoride, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and the barium or strontium ion, it being known that the heat distribution in the arc, the freezing temperatures and the viscosity of a molten slag mixture will vary with changes in the relative proportions of the various elements or compounds as contained therein.
  • the compounds in the slag system e.g., calcium fluoride, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and the barium or strontium ion
  • a still further em bodiment of the invention is as follows:
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients 0.34- 5.56 of one or more highly reactive deoxidizer (s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium, and the like; l.l912.4l of one or more materials selected from the class consisting of calcium fluoride, the halides of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; and barium and/or strontium and/or compounds thereof in the amounts of l 7-5. l 0.
  • highly reactive deoxidizer s
  • l.l912.4l of one or more materials selected from the class consisting of calcium fluoride, the halides of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients one or more highly reactive deoxidizer(s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium and the like; one or more materials selected from the class consisting of aluminum fluoride, the halides of alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; the improvement which comprises barium and/or strontium and/or compounds thereof, said ingredients being comprised of the following elements or compounds in percent weight of the total electrode weight:
  • An arc welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof ingredients comprised of the following elements or compounds in percent weight of the total electrode weight:
  • the weight of said flux ingredients to the weight of said electrode being 1 l 35 percent.
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients one or more highly reactive deoxidizer(s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium and the like; one or more materials selected from the class consisting of aluminum fluoride, the halides of alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; the improvement which comprises incorporating in said ingredients barium fluoride.
  • An arc welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients one or more highly reactive deoxidizer(s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium and the like; one or more materials selected from the class consisting of aluminum fluoride, the halides of alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; the improvement which comprises incorporating in said ingredients barium titanate.
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients one or more highly reactive deoxidizer(s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium and the like, one or more materials selected from the class consisting of aluminum fluoride, the halides of alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; the improvement which comprises incorporating in said ingredients barium carbonate.
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients one or more highly reactive deoxidizer(s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium and the like; one or more materials selected from the class consisting of aluminum fluoride, the halides of alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; the improvement which comprises incorporating in said ingredients barium tetra aluminide.
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients one or more highly reactive deoxidizer(s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium and the like; one or more materials selected-from the class consisting of aluminum fluoride, the halides of alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other than barium and strontium and/or materials capable of breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; the improvement'which comprises incorporating in said ingredients strontium fluoride.
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof as major ingredients one or more highly reactive deoxidizer(s) taken from the class consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, calcium, lithium and the like; one or more materials selected from the class consisting of aluminum fluoride, the halides of alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals other-than barium and strontium andlor materials capable of'breaking down or combining in the heat of the arc to form such halides; the improvement which comprises barium and/or strontium and/or compounds thereof, said electrode having an arc pool breakaway time under standard conditions between 0.11 and 0.40
  • An arc-welding electrode comprised of a tube of mild steel having on the inside thereof ingredients approximately as follows:
  • a method of out-of-position arc-welding a steel workpiece which comprises: feeding a self-shielded consumable electrode comprised of a metal steel tube containing slagforming ingredients including at least one member from the group consisting of barium, strontium and compounds thereof in small effective amounts to stabilize arcs at low currents and to provide viscous s'lags during welding; and passing current between said workpiece and said electrode to establish an arc, which melts aportion of said workpiece to form an arc pool and which melts and transfers metal and slag-forming ingredients from said electrode to said are pool to produce a viscous slag over the arc pool to provide a breakaway time in excess of 0.11 minute as determined for an electrode five sixty-fourth inch in diameter and melted againsta plate inthe position under standard-conditions.
  • the weight of said flux ingredients to the weight of said electrode being 11 35 percent.

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3883713A (en) * 1973-04-25 1975-05-13 Samuil Gurevich Flux cored electrode
US3924091A (en) * 1970-08-12 1975-12-02 Nippon Steel Corp Welding method and materials
US4139758A (en) * 1976-01-12 1979-02-13 Pinfold Brian E Method of arc welding under water
US4186293A (en) * 1978-05-08 1980-01-29 The Lincoln Electric Company Cored type welding electrode
JPS5942198A (ja) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-08 Kobe Steel Ltd セルフシ−ルドア−ク溶接用フラツクス入りワイヤ
JPH0275495A (ja) * 1988-09-07 1990-03-15 Kobe Steel Ltd セルフシールドアーク溶接フラックス入りワイヤ
JPH0284295A (ja) * 1988-09-21 1990-03-26 Kobe Steel Ltd セルフシールドアーク溶接フラックス入りワイヤ
US5155333A (en) * 1990-07-24 1992-10-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Low hydrogen type coated electrode
US20060070983A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-06 Lincoln Global, Inc. Method of AC welding with cored electrode
US20060096966A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Lincoln Global, Inc. Self-shielded flux cored electrode for fracture critical applications
US20060219685A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-05 Lincoln Global, Inc., A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware Flux cored electrode with fluorine
EP1743730A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-17 Lincoln Global, Inc. Barium and lithium ratio for flux cored electrode
US20070095807A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-03 Lincoln Global, Inc. Short arc welding system
US20070102406A1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2007-05-10 Lincoln Global, Inc. Electric arc welder system with waveform profile control for cored electrodes
US20070108174A1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2007-05-17 Lincoln Global, Inc. Gas-less process and system for girth welding in high strength applications
US20070170163A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Lincoln Global, Inc. Synergistic welding system
US10421160B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2019-09-24 The Esab Group, Inc. Alloying composition for self-shielded FCAW wires with low diffusible hydrogen and high Charpy V-notch impact toughness

Families Citing this family (2)

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US3778589A (en) * 1972-07-31 1973-12-11 Union Carbide Corp Air operating cored wire
DE3233751A1 (de) * 1982-09-11 1984-03-15 Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Zusatzwerkstoff mit leicht oxidierbaren elementen

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US2731373A (en) * 1954-08-10 1956-01-17 Eutectic Welding Alloys Electrode flux covering for copper and copper-base alloy core materials
US3177340A (en) * 1961-11-24 1965-04-06 Soudure Electr Autogene Sa Flux-cored electrode and process of welding

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2731373A (en) * 1954-08-10 1956-01-17 Eutectic Welding Alloys Electrode flux covering for copper and copper-base alloy core materials
US3177340A (en) * 1961-11-24 1965-04-06 Soudure Electr Autogene Sa Flux-cored electrode and process of welding

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924091A (en) * 1970-08-12 1975-12-02 Nippon Steel Corp Welding method and materials
US3883713A (en) * 1973-04-25 1975-05-13 Samuil Gurevich Flux cored electrode
US4139758A (en) * 1976-01-12 1979-02-13 Pinfold Brian E Method of arc welding under water
US4186293A (en) * 1978-05-08 1980-01-29 The Lincoln Electric Company Cored type welding electrode
JPS5942198A (ja) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-08 Kobe Steel Ltd セルフシ−ルドア−ク溶接用フラツクス入りワイヤ
JPH0275495A (ja) * 1988-09-07 1990-03-15 Kobe Steel Ltd セルフシールドアーク溶接フラックス入りワイヤ
JPH0284295A (ja) * 1988-09-21 1990-03-26 Kobe Steel Ltd セルフシールドアーク溶接フラックス入りワイヤ
US5155333A (en) * 1990-07-24 1992-10-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Low hydrogen type coated electrode
US9333580B2 (en) 2004-04-29 2016-05-10 Lincoln Global, Inc. Gas-less process and system for girth welding in high strength applications
US20070108174A1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2007-05-17 Lincoln Global, Inc. Gas-less process and system for girth welding in high strength applications
US20070102406A1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2007-05-10 Lincoln Global, Inc. Electric arc welder system with waveform profile control for cored electrodes
US20060070983A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-06 Lincoln Global, Inc. Method of AC welding with cored electrode
US9956638B2 (en) 2004-10-06 2018-05-01 Lincoln Global, Inc. Electric arc welder for AC welding with cored electrode
US8759715B2 (en) 2004-10-06 2014-06-24 Lincoln Global, Inc. Method of AC welding with cored electrode
US20060096966A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Lincoln Global, Inc. Self-shielded flux cored electrode for fracture critical applications
US7829820B2 (en) * 2005-04-05 2010-11-09 Lincoln Global, Inc. Flux cored electrode with fluorine
US20060219685A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-05 Lincoln Global, Inc., A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware Flux cored electrode with fluorine
US7812284B2 (en) 2005-07-12 2010-10-12 Lincoln Global, Inc. Barium and lithium ratio for flux cored electrode
US20070012673A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Lincoln Global, Inc. Barium and lithium ratio for flux cored electrode
EP1743730A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-17 Lincoln Global, Inc. Barium and lithium ratio for flux cored electrode
US20070095807A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-03 Lincoln Global, Inc. Short arc welding system
US7842903B2 (en) 2005-10-31 2010-11-30 Lincoln Global, Inc. Short arc welding system
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1916838B2 (de) 1977-12-15
DE1916838C3 (de) 1978-08-03
FR2005469A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-12
BE730986A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-15
DE1916838A1 (de) 1969-10-09
GB1268827A (en) 1972-03-29

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