US3565635A

US3565635A - Soluble coffee

Info

Publication number: US3565635A
Application number: US748931A
Authority: US
Inventors: James P Mahlmann
Original assignee: General Foods Corp
Current assignee: General Foods Corp
Priority date: 1968-07-31
Filing date: 1968-07-31
Publication date: 1971-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 1988-02-23

Abstract

A PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE COLOR AND APPEARANCE OF SOLUBLE COFFEE BY COATING FROZEN PARTICLES OF COFFEE EXTRACT WITH A SOLUBLE COFFEE POWDER AND THEN DRYING THE COATED PARTICELS, PREFERABLY BY FREEZE-DYRING.

Description

United States Patent O 3,565,635 SOLUBLE COFFEE James P. Mahlmann, Wayne, N..I., assignor to General Foods Corporation, White Plains, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed July 31, 1968, Ser. No. 748,931 Int. Cl. A23f 1/08 U.S. Cl. 99-71 13 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A process for improving the color and appearance of soluble coffee by coating frozen particles of coffee extract with a soluble coffee powder and then drying the coated particles, preferably by freeze-drying.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an improved process for obtaining a darker colored soluble coffee having a more attractive granular appearance. The process can be applied to either freeze-dried soluble coffee or spray-dried soluble coffee. When used with a freeze-dried product, the process provides a simple technique for achieving a dark-colored product without the need of slowly freezing the extract prior to freeze-drying. When used on spraydried soluble coffee, this technique can be used to achieve not only a darker color but a different particle appearance and, with some modification, a distinct flavor improvement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now been discovered that an improved soluble coffee in regard to appearance and color is obtained by coating frozen particles of coffee extract with a soluble coffee powder and then drying the coated extract.

The amount of soluble coffee used in relation to the frozen coffee particles may vary over a wide range (from 5% to 85%) depending on the ultimate properties desired. When the aim is to modify a freeze-dried coffee, the level of spray-dried coating should be kept below 50%, preferably to 35%. However, if the aim is a spray-dried coffee improvement, the level of spray-dried coffee can be increased to above 50%, say 60% to 75% by weight of the frozen particles.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The aqueous coffee extract may be obtained in any suitable or convenient manner. The extract is quickly frozen to a temperature of below l3 F. by use of extremely low temperatures, for example, by using liquid nitrogen or Freon.

The frozen coffee is then comminuted to desired particle size, while its temperature is maintained below -13 F. A preferred particle size range is from below 12 mesh to above 100 mesh (U.S. Standard Sieve). Preferably, about 90% of the particles are retained on a 40 mesh screen. A suitable means of comminuting the frozen coffee is by grinding in an abrasion mill, but any other convenient comminuting means may be used.

The comminuted frozen coffee is then coated with soluble coffee having a particle size diameter not larger than about 300 microns, and preferably below about 200 microns. The soluble coffee may have been prepared in any convenient manner, and then ground and screeed to obtain material of the requisite particle size. The coating takes place under conditions such that the surface of the comminuted frozen coffee thaws, or liquifies while avoiding that degree of thawing which will cause the particles to coalesce or melt. This permits the spray-dried coffee powder to be adsorbed on the surface of the comminuted Patented Feb. 23, 1971 frozen coffee particles. Generally, the temperature of the particles during coating should not exceed about 5 F.

The coating may be carried out in the presence of an inert atmosphere such as, for example, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, neon, argon or krypton. The coating may be carried out by any convenient means, such as, for example, by tumbling or blending. The amount of soluble coffee added will generally be in the range of from about 5-85 by weight of the comminuted frozen coffee, 1035% when improving a normally freeze-dried coffee and 5075% when improving a normally spray-dried product. The conditions will be varied to achieve the proper coating desired on the frozen particles of extract and are apparent. If only 10% of spray-dried powder is to be applied, a minimum of thawing is necessary during the coating operation while at levels of spraydried powder a significant thawing of the frozen particles will be required to achieve a uniform blend of dark, granular particles.

The coated particles, once formed, are then refrozen to below 13 F. and preferably freeze-dried when modifying a freeze-dried product to a dark color. When modifying a spray-dried product, the coated particles of frozen extract may be simply air-dried, vacuum-dried, or if a flavor improvement is desired, freeze-dried. In the latter case, it is necessary to add any aroma source, be it oil or volatile aromas, to the extract portion which is frozen and then granulated.

The following example illustrates the present invention without, however, limiting the same thereto.

Example 1 A quantity of aqueous coffee extract is quick frozen with liquid nitrogen to a temperature below 13 F. The frozen extract is then ground to a particle size such that it passes through a 12 mesh screen but is retained on a 40 mesh screen. The ground, frozen extract is then placed in a tumbler and 10% by weight of soluble coffe powder having a particle size below 200 microns and a temperature of 13 F. are added. The temperature is raised to O5 F. during tumbling to partially thaw the ground, frozen extract thereby enabling the soluble coffee powder to coat the surface thereof. When all of the powder has been absorbed on the surface of the ground, frozen extract, the coated extract particles are quickly frozen to reduce their temperature to 13 F. The coated extract particles are then freeze-dried. The freeze-dried particles are darker than conventional soluble coffee and approach the color of fresh roasted and ground coffee.

While the present invention has been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit thereof or the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A process for producing soluble coffee of improved color and appearance comprising freezing an aqueous coffee extract, coating the frozen extract in a partially thawed state with 5-85 by weight based on the frozen extract of soluble coffee powder, refreezing the coated extract, and drying the coated extract.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein the aqueous coffee extract is frozen to a temperature below 13 F.

3. The process of claim 1, wherein the aqueous coffee extract is refrozen after coating to below 13 F.

4. The process of claim 1, wherein the coating of the partially thawed frozen extract is done at a temperature not above 5 F.

5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the frozen coffee extract is ground to a particle size below 12 mesh U.S. Sieve Series before being coated with soluble coffee powder.

6. The process of claim 1 wherein the soluble coffee powder is spray-dried cofiee, employed at a level of 5075% by weight based on the coated frozen extract.

7. The process of claim 6 wherein the coated particles are air-dried.

8. The process of claim 6 wherein the coated particles are vacuum-dried.

9. The process of claim 6 wherein the coated particles are freeze-dried after having aromas added to the extract which is frozen and granulated prior to the coating operation.

10. A method according to claim 1 wherein the so uble coifee powder has a particle size below 200 microns.

11. The process of claim 1 wherein the soluble coffee powder is free-dried coffee, employed at a level of less than 50% by weight based on the coated frozen extract.

12. The process of claim 11 wherein the freeze-dried coffee is employed at a level of 10 to 35%.

13. Freeze-dried coffee having a particle size below 12 mesh and above 100 mesh U.S. Sieve Series, and prepared from coating about 585% by weight based on the coated frozen extract, spray-dried cofifee powder having a particle size below 200 microns on a frozen aqueous coffee extract, prior to freeze drying.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,224,942 12/ 1940 Weisman 99-167 2,949,364 8/1960 Bilenker 99-71 3,244,533 4/1966 Clinton et a1. 99-71 3,261,689 7/1966 Ponzoni 99-71 3,309,779 3/ 1967 Ginnette et al. 34-5 3,419,399 12/1968 Earle, Jr., et a1. 99-71 FOREIGN PATENTS 723,129 12/1965 Canada Q 99-71 1,102,587 2/1968 Great Britain 99-71 DENNIS E. TALBERT, JR., Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.