US3565488A - Devices for breaking down hard or rocky materials - Google Patents

Devices for breaking down hard or rocky materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3565488A
US3565488A US792084*A US3565488DA US3565488A US 3565488 A US3565488 A US 3565488A US 3565488D A US3565488D A US 3565488DA US 3565488 A US3565488 A US 3565488A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hole
cylinder
piston
wedge
mandrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US792084*A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald T Walsh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WM Park and Co Forgemasters Ltd
Original Assignee
WM Park and Co Forgemasters Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WM Park and Co Forgemasters Ltd filed Critical WM Park and Co Forgemasters Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3565488A publication Critical patent/US3565488A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/04—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by devices with parts pressed mechanically against the wall of a borehole or a slit

Definitions

  • a hydraulic piston and cylinder device for breaking hard or rocky material by driving a wedge into a hole in said material is carried by a mandrel insertable into said hole and having means whereby it is expanded, by operation of the piston and cylinder device, so as to become self-holding in said hole and form an anchorage for the device when the latter applies a force to the wedge to drive it into the hole.
  • This invention is for improvements in or relating to devices (for breaking down hard or rocky materials.
  • a particular application of the invention is to the winning or mining of minerals, e.g., coal, ore and the like.
  • Such an abutment or reaction member is open to the objection that it may slip or a large amount of the stroke of the hydraulic ram or other driving device is, so far as driving-in of the wedge or drift is concerned, uselessly, taken up in movement of the stake or strut until it bites or becomes fixed in the floor or root or therebetween.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a device which dispenses with this inefficient form of abutment.
  • a device for breaking hard or rocky material by driving a tool into said material wherein the device is provided with a member insertable into a hole in said material and which is self-holding in said hole, so as to form an anchorage for the device, when the latter applies a force to said tool.
  • a device for breaking hard or rocky material comprising a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a mandrel or sleeve insertable into a hole in said material, the piston and the mandrel having cooperating parts whereby movement of the piston in one direction, relatively to its cylinder, expands the mandrel to anchor it in said hole and means for supplying fluid-pressure to said cylinder so as to urge the piston in said direction and the cylinder in the opposite direction whereby an expanding tool interposed between the cylinder and the hole will be driven into the hole to break the material.
  • the construction of the device may be such that as the force for expanding the hole and splitting or breaking down the material increases, the anchoring force for the device also increases and assists in breaking the material.
  • the wedge or drift which the device drives into the hole so as to expand it and split or break down the material in its vicinity has at least two different angles along its length to provide a cracking length and a dislodging" length.
  • the wedge or drift is a single wedge or is single-edged, the inclined face in use being set towards the free side of the rock mass to be broken.
  • the power source for operating the device to secure the anchoring means in a hole and drive in the wedge or drift may be a hydraulic ram, explosion chamber or similar device.
  • the device may also 'be equipped with means for extracting it from the hole in the material to be broken down. It will be appreciated in this connection that material may not be broken down for the full depth of the hole.
  • the device shown on the drawing comprises a drawbar 10 slidable within a mandrel 12 and having a conical end 11. At least the forward part of the mandrel, where it is tapered to receive the conical end 11 of the drawbar, is split longitudinally. A lug 13 is provided on the end of the mandrel 12 remote from the conical end 11 of the draw-bar.
  • the end of the draw-bar 10, remote from its conical end 11, is attached, piston-rod fashion, to a piston 16 which works in a hydraulic cylinder 15.
  • the cylinder 15 has a port 17 for pressure-fluid, on the retraction side of the piston 16 and a port 18 for pressure-fluid on the extension side of the piston.
  • the draw-bar-cum-pistonrod 10 works through a gland 21 in the end of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston 16 is provided with a seal or piston ring 22.
  • a catch 19 is pivotally attached to a pushing part 20 of the ram cylinder 15.
  • the mandrel assembly 10, 11, 12 is inserted into the hole It previously drilled in the material to be split or broken down, the part 20 bearing on the lug 13.
  • Pressure-fluid is then supplied to the cylinder 15 through the port 17, the port 18 being open to exhaust.
  • This causes the draw-bar 10 to be retracted with respect to the split mandrel and, due to the conical end 11 of the draw-bar, the mandrel is expanded.
  • the device is anchored firmly to the mass of material M.
  • the catch 19 is swung upwardly so that it does not engage the lug 13.
  • pressure-fluid is supplied to the cylinder 15 through the port 18, the port 17 being open to exhaust. This retracts the cylinder 15 until the piston 16 is at its left-hand end.
  • a wedge 14 which has an arcuate inner face which embraces an arcuate extension 12a, of reduced diameter, of the mandrel 12', is then inserted between said extension and the wall of the hole 12. Fluid under pressure is again passed through the port 17 and the port 18 opened to exhaust. This forces the cylinder 15 to the left and drives the wedge 14 further into the hole h so as to split or break down the piece of rocky material indicated at M1. It will be noted that the wedge has two different angles along its length. Furthermore, the wedge is a single wedge, the inclined face being set towards the free side M2 of the rock to be broken.
  • the catch 19 which has been brought into the position shown in the drawing, engages, or is put into engagement behind the lug 13 of the mandrel. Pressure-fluid is then fed through the port 18 for a short period, the port 17 being open to exhaust. This moves the piston 16 to the left in the cylinder 15 which is held by the catch 19. This movement of the piston withdraws the conical end 11 of the draw-bar sufficiently from the mandrel 12 to allow the latter to contract to facilitate withdrawal of the device from the hole It.
  • the device may have a two-part draw-bar 10 to suit holes of dilfering depths.
  • a device for breaking hard or rocky material comprising a pressure fluid operated ram having relatively movable piston and cylinder members, an expandable anchoring mandrel to be inserted into a hole in said material, an expanding element for said mandrel driven by one of said members of said ram, and a rock breaking wedge to be inserted into said hole and between the latter and the other member of said ram whereby, when pressure fluid is supplied to the ram between said members thereof, the mandrel will be expanded in the hole to anchor the device to the material and the Wedge will be driven into the hole to break the material.
  • a device for breaking hard or rocky material comprising a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a piston rod on said piston and projecting from said cylinder, a tubular expandable mandrel positioned on said piston rod to be inserted therewith into a hole in said material, the piston rod and the mandrel having respectively a conical part and a tapered bore for said conical part whereby movement of the piston in one direction, relatively to its cylinder, expands the mandrel in said hole, means for supplying pressure fluid to said cylinder so as to urge the piston in said direction and the cylinder in the opposite direction, and a rock breaking wedge to be inserted in said hole and between the latter and the cylinder whereby when pressure fluid is supplied to the cylinder, the mandrel is expanded to anchor the piston rod in said hole and the cylinder acts on the wedge to drive it into the hole to break the material.
  • a device as claimed in claim 4 wherein the cylinder has means for anchoring it to the mandrel and also supply means for pressure-fluid for urging the piston in the opposite direction, relatively to its cylinder, whereby the mandrel is contracted to facilitate its withdrawal from the hole.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
US792084*A 1968-02-24 1969-01-17 Devices for breaking down hard or rocky materials Expired - Lifetime US3565488A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB906768 1968-02-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3565488A true US3565488A (en) 1971-02-23

Family

ID=9864755

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US792084*A Expired - Lifetime US3565488A (en) 1968-02-24 1969-01-17 Devices for breaking down hard or rocky materials

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3565488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1908707A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1238181A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE352690B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4099784A (en) * 1975-10-23 1978-07-11 Institut Cerac Sa. Method and apparatus for breaking hard compact material such as rock
US4152028A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-05-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Expansible apparatus for removing the surface layer from a concrete object
US4193634A (en) * 1977-12-05 1980-03-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Method and apparatus for excavation
US4215901A (en) * 1978-04-04 1980-08-05 Edward R. Langfield Hydraulically actuated tool for mechanically splitting rock-like material
US5015039A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of The Interior Hydraulically actuated mechanical rock excavator

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI64438C (fi) * 1981-06-04 1983-11-10 Tampella Oy Ab Foerfarande foer spjaelkning av sten
DE3228433C2 (de) * 1982-07-30 1985-08-29 Friedhelm 8390 Passau Porsfeld Steinspaltgerät zum mechanischen Zerlegen von Gestein
CN103758456A (zh) * 2014-01-07 2014-04-30 国家电网公司 一种电塔基础岩石井孔破裂机

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4099784A (en) * 1975-10-23 1978-07-11 Institut Cerac Sa. Method and apparatus for breaking hard compact material such as rock
US4193634A (en) * 1977-12-05 1980-03-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Method and apparatus for excavation
US4152028A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-05-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Expansible apparatus for removing the surface layer from a concrete object
US4215901A (en) * 1978-04-04 1980-08-05 Edward R. Langfield Hydraulically actuated tool for mechanically splitting rock-like material
US5015039A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of The Interior Hydraulically actuated mechanical rock excavator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1908707A1 (de) 1969-09-18
GB1238181A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-07
SE352690B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-08

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