US3563454A - Method of and apparatus for separating the various phases of a fluid mixture - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for separating the various phases of a fluid mixture Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3563454A
US3563454A US737897A US3563454DA US3563454A US 3563454 A US3563454 A US 3563454A US 737897 A US737897 A US 737897A US 3563454D A US3563454D A US 3563454DA US 3563454 A US3563454 A US 3563454A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
plates
slots
container
mixture
stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US737897A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pierre H L Saget
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PIERRE H L SAGET
Original Assignee
PIERRE H L SAGET
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PIERRE H L SAGET filed Critical PIERRE H L SAGET
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3563454A publication Critical patent/US3563454A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S494/00—Imperforate bowl: centrifugal separators
    • Y10S494/90—Imperforate bowl: centrifugal separators involving mixture containing one or more gases

Definitions

  • Price An0rney-Bucknam and Archer ABSTRACT A method of separating the various phases of a fluid mixture in which the mixture is subjected to a centrifugal field and simultaneously suddenly diverted along the whole of its flow path which is substantially perpendicular to the centrifugal directions. Also included is an apparatus for use in carrying out the method.
  • This invention relates to a methodand apparatus for treating a mixture of materials so as to separate the various phases thereof.
  • centrifugal apparatus for phase separation and, as will be seen from FIG. 1 which is a diagrammatic axial section, these generally comprise a rotatable container 1 and a central hub 2 which widens towards the bottom of the container.
  • the mixture to be treated is introduced through the hub and driven in rapid rotation by the container so as to produce within the mixture a centrifugal field, the intensity of which is a function of the nature of the mixture.
  • the heavy phase is driven under the action of the centrifugal field towards the container 1, while the light phase moves towards the hub 2, whence it is evacuated by overflowing through an opening 3.
  • the decantation distance i.e. the distanced over which the heavy particles must pass 'to reach the wall of the container I, is considerable and the separation time is therefore increased in comparison to what it would be in a centrifugal apparatus of small diameter;
  • the movement of the various annular layers of mixture relative to each other and to the container is such that the speed of rotation of the container is not attained by the layers and the centrifugal field is therefore not as intense as it should be within the mixture;
  • truncated cone-shaped parts 4 are positioned in the container l and rotatably driven in synchronism therewith.
  • the plates 4 are located one above the other and separated by uniform distances and are fixed to the lower widened end 5 of the hub 2
  • the assembly constituted by this hub, the plates and the container 1 is rotatably driven and, as in the previous case, the mixture to be treated is introduced through the hub and circulates in the container and between the plates.
  • the light phase is evacuated through the opening 3, while the heavy phase moves toward the internal wall of the container 1.
  • the plates 4 enable the decantation distance d to be reduced and constitute a collection element for the heavy particles. They eliminate cohesive turbulence by dividing the flow of mixture into thin layers. They also improve the rotational propulsion of the mixture by internal friction.
  • the angle of the plates is not always the same and it must in effect be modified in numerous cases to take into account the coefficient of friction of the deposited sediments.
  • the construction of the apparatus must thus be adapted to each particular treatment;
  • FIG. 1 A second known method of operation has also been put into effect to obviate the disadvantages of centrifugal apparatuses such as that known in FIG. 1.
  • the centrifugal apparatus has radial partitions 6 located within the rotatable container 1 and driven in synchronism therewith. These partitions have the advantage of ensuring good propulsion of the mixture at the speed of rotation of the container, but they do not enable the decantation distance to be reduced, and neither do they diminish the cohesive turbulence.
  • a main object of the present invention is to combine the advantages of the two known methods of operation while removing their disadvantages, particularly in order to obtain maximum efficiency in centrifugal apparatuses.
  • a method of treating a mixture of various phases in order to separate them is characterized in that the mixture is subjected to a centrifugal field and the mixture flow is suddenly diverted along the whole of its flow path, which is substantially perpendicular to the centrifugal directions.
  • the invention includes an apparatus for carrying out the aforesaid method and comprising, within a rotatable container, a stack of plates concentrically surrounding the axis of the container and rotatably driven, the plates being spaced from each other and having angularly staggered orifices such that the plates constitute deflectors whose general direction is substantially axial.
  • the plate orifices are slots, preferably straight and radial and leading to the peripheral edges of the plates.
  • the edges of the slots may be bent back towards the upstream direction of the zigzag axial flow path of the mixture to be treated.
  • the plates may, moreover, be profiled between the slots to form swirl channels.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view showing the means characteristic of the invention, i.e. the slotted plates;
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic end view of FIG. 5 illustrating the method of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the stack of plates
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are views similar to FIG. 7 showing altemative embodiments
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are views similar to FIG. 6 showing other variants
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 are diagrammatic axial partial sections showing several embodiments of the apparatus in which said plates are included.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 are diagrammatic axial sections showing several embodiments of the apparatus in which said plates are included.
  • the apparatus of the invention comprises a container 1 in which are mounted plates 8 concentrically surrounding its axis.
  • the plates are driven in rotation and spaced one from the other so as to form free annular spaces through which the mixture to be treated can circulate.
  • These plates are essentially characterized by the fact that they have orifices 9 which are angularly staggered from one plate to the next.
  • the free spaces between the plates and the staggered orifices in the plates constitute zigzag passages whose general direction is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the assembly.
  • a centrifugal effectfin the bends l1 and 12 of this flow which tends to propel the heavy particles to the outside of the bends, i.e. towards the plate opposite along the trajectories 13.
  • the foregoing illustrates the operation of the method of the invention, which consists in subjecting the mixture to a centrifugal field F while suddenly diverting the flow 10 of the mixture along the whole of its substantially axial path.
  • the effects of the centrifugal force F applied to the heavy particles or droplets (which centrifugal force is due to the rotation of the assembly of the container 1 and plates 8) are combined with the effects of the centrifugal forcefdue to the sudden changes in direction of the streams of treated fluid flowing in general axial directions.
  • the heavy particles or droplets propelled by the less dense fluid along the zigzag axial flow path 10 thus tend, at each sudden change of direction, to continue their trajectory in a straight line and hit the opposite plate 8, as in impact filters.
  • the main centrifugal field F acts on all the heavy particles or droplets and causes them to move towards the periphery, and this is so for those within the mixture, as well as for those which are thrown against the plate 8.
  • the main centrifugal effect F is orthogonal to the aforesaid deflection effect on which it has no direct disturbing influence and it is observed that it entirely retains its separating effect.
  • the deflection effect tends to amass to heavy par ticles or droplets on the plates 8 along which the main centrifugal field causes them to slide rapidly towards the periphery.
  • amassing of the particles or droplets due to the deflection effect increases the volume/outer surface ratio of the particles or droplets and thus increases the speed of separation thereof. It is important to note that collection of the heavy particles or droplets occurs in a dead zone" due to the effect ofthe wall. This results in these particles or droplets being no longer subjected to the propulsion effect of the circulating fluid, and this increases the efficiency of the centrifugal field.
  • the passage of the mixture through the orifices and between the plates encourages rotation of the mixture at the angular speed of the rotor, so that movement of the tluid layers relative to each other and to the rotor is diminished, or even eliminated.
  • the apparatus thus possesses the advantages of radial partition centrifugal apparatuses, but without their drawback of periodicity in the distribution of the sediments. Again, the choice of an angle of taper is no longer of prime importance, as in the plate type centrifugal apparatuses.
  • the field of application of the method and apparatus of the invention is very wide and can include the treatment ofliquids loaded with solid particles, as well as mixtures of liquids, or again gas loaded with solid particles or droplets and also includes washing gases by collecting water on the plates, etc...
  • the plates 8 are flat annular discs in which the orifices are constituted by slots 9. These discs are coaxially stacked and conveniently separated one from the other, being fixed together and to the rotatable assembly which includes the container. However, during stacking and fixing of the discs, it is necessary to take the precaution of staggering, by half the width of a plate portion between two slots, the slots of discs in even rows relative to the slots of the discs in odd rows, with the object of creating through the system of these slots zigzag paths having an axial direction.
  • the slots 9 can be straight (FIGS. 7 and 8) or curved (FIG. 9) and they can extend radially (FIG. 7) or with a certain incidence so as to take into account the sliding of the layers, even though this is reduced to a minimum.
  • the slots can lead to the peripheral edge of the discs (FIG. 7), or to the central edge of the discs (FIG. 9), or may not lead to either of these edges.
  • the slots instead of being elongated, can be formed in the discs as a series of holes of any shape.
  • the width of the slots is preferably uniform, but it can also be variable from the center towards the periphery to take into account flow variations in the fluid streams.
  • a simple means for mounting the discs 8 in the container 1 consists, as shown in FIG. 13, in tying them together in the vicinity of their central edges by means of rings 14 and fixing the stack thus constituted, by means of tie bars for example, to the lower widened portion 5 of the hollow central hub 2, radial arms 15 also being used to connect the upper disc 8 to the hub. There is thus obtained a perfectly rigid assembly which is very easy to construct.
  • the distance between the discs is generally constant, but it can nevertheless be varied from one end of the container 1 to the other as a function of the denseness obtained and the possible losses of pressure which result therefrom.
  • the deflection effect can be further improved by shaping the unslotted portions 18 of the discs 8 between the slots 9 to form V sections pointing in the upstream direction. (FIG. 11).
  • This particular shaping can moreover be dimensioned to give rise to small localized swirls in the dead zones 16 tending to in crease the effects of collection and evacuation of the heavy particles or droplets.
  • the bent back edges 17 and the shaped portions I8 form gutters in which the heavy particles or droplets collected under the deflection effect are channeled and directed under the effect of the centrifugal force towards the periphery.
  • the annular discs 8 instead of being flat, can have a slight conicity, which is much less accentuated than that of known plates. This conicity of the discs 8 is intended to take advantage ofthe main centrifugal force so that the latter tends to maintain the heavy particles or droplets applied against the walls 18 of the discs, whilst projecting them towards the periphery.
  • the discs 8 can have the same dimensions so as to form a cylindrical stack (FIG. 13). In certain cases, however, the stack can have a different shape in order to adapt the apparatus to particular problems which may arise.
  • the outer diameter of the discs 8 can be variable so as to form, for example, a stack comprising two truncated cones producing an expanded median zone (FIG. 12).
  • This particular embodiment is extremely advantageous in the case of an apparatus in which the heavy phase is automatically evacuated at the periphery, the container 1 of such apparatus having evacuation nozzles, valves, openings etc. at 19.
  • the inner diameter of the discs can vary.
  • the discs 8 are fixed together and to the container so that their angular speed is always strictly equal to that of the latter. in certain cases, it can be advantageous to drive the discs at a speed which is slightly different from that of the container, so as to produce a rotational movement of the discs relative to the container.
  • the disc assembly is mounted on a rotatable support distinct from the container and driven at an appropriate speed. This embodiment is important when the container includes a peripheral helicoidal conveyor to propel the separated heavy products. In this case the conveyor is fixed to the stack of discs.
  • discs 8 having staggered slots 9 of the invention are applicable not only to centrifuges having plane walled containers 1, but also to dryers having perforated containers to facilitate the central flow of large quantities of liquid.
  • An apparatus characterized in that the plates are driven in synchronism with the rotatable container.
  • An apparatus characterized by a peripheral helicoidal conveyor to which the plates are coupled.
  • An apparatus characterized by a drying container constituting the rotatable container.

Landscapes

  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US737897A 1967-06-21 1968-06-18 Method of and apparatus for separating the various phases of a fluid mixture Expired - Lifetime US3563454A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR111337 1967-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3563454A true US3563454A (en) 1971-02-16

Family

ID=8633525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US737897A Expired - Lifetime US3563454A (en) 1967-06-21 1968-06-18 Method of and apparatus for separating the various phases of a fluid mixture

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3563454A (enExample)
FR (1) FR1568746A (enExample)
GB (1) GB1239956A (enExample)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6540653B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-04-01 Fleetguard, Inc. Unitary spiral vane centrifuge module
US6551230B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-04-22 Fleetguard, Inc. Molded spiral vane and linear component for a centrifuge
US6602180B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-08-05 Fleetguard, Inc. Self-driven centrifuge with vane module
US6652439B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-11-25 Fleetguard, Inc. Disposable rotor shell with integral molded spiral vanes
US20080005478A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Seagate Technology Llc Dynamic adaptive flushing of cached data
WO2011131540A1 (en) * 2010-04-22 2011-10-27 Specialist Process Technologies Limited A separator
WO2013061037A1 (en) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 Specialist Process Technologies Limited A separator

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2535215A1 (fr) * 1982-11-03 1984-05-04 Saget Pierre Appareil perfectionne pour la separation centrifuge d'un melange comprenant au moins une phase gazeuse dont les perfectionnements procedent par accroissement de masse des elements de la phase lourde
FR2535216A1 (fr) * 1982-11-03 1984-05-04 Saget Pierre Appareil perfectionne pour la separation centrifuge d'un melange comprenant au moins une phase gazeuse dont les perfectionnements procedent par anti-retour de la phase lourde parvenue a la peripherie
FR2635023A1 (fr) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-09 Saget Pierre Appareil separateur centrifuge pour le traitement d'un melange liquide
CN105214380B (zh) * 2015-11-02 2017-06-13 迈安德集团有限公司 一种微细粒矿浆浓缩系统及矿浆浓缩工艺

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1097561A (en) * 1911-05-10 1914-05-19 Javier Resines Centrifugal process of separation.
US2626747A (en) * 1949-03-11 1953-01-27 Emil L Ranseen Centrifugal separator
US2758783A (en) * 1952-11-05 1956-08-14 Wladzia G Podbielniak Centrifugal countercurrent exchange device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1097561A (en) * 1911-05-10 1914-05-19 Javier Resines Centrifugal process of separation.
US2626747A (en) * 1949-03-11 1953-01-27 Emil L Ranseen Centrifugal separator
US2758783A (en) * 1952-11-05 1956-08-14 Wladzia G Podbielniak Centrifugal countercurrent exchange device

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6540653B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-04-01 Fleetguard, Inc. Unitary spiral vane centrifuge module
US6551230B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-04-22 Fleetguard, Inc. Molded spiral vane and linear component for a centrifuge
US6602180B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-08-05 Fleetguard, Inc. Self-driven centrifuge with vane module
US6652439B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2003-11-25 Fleetguard, Inc. Disposable rotor shell with integral molded spiral vanes
US20080005478A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Seagate Technology Llc Dynamic adaptive flushing of cached data
WO2011131540A1 (en) * 2010-04-22 2011-10-27 Specialist Process Technologies Limited A separator
CN102905792A (zh) * 2010-04-22 2013-01-30 专业处理技术有限公司 分离器
US9126207B2 (en) 2010-04-22 2015-09-08 Specialist Process Technologies Limited Separator for separating a multiphase mixture
CN102905792B (zh) * 2010-04-22 2015-09-09 专业处理技术有限公司 分离器
EA023358B1 (ru) * 2010-04-22 2016-05-31 Спешиэлист Проусес Текнолоджиз Лимитед Сепаратор
WO2013061037A1 (en) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 Specialist Process Technologies Limited A separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1239956A (en) 1971-07-21
FR1568746A (enExample) 1969-05-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3563454A (en) Method of and apparatus for separating the various phases of a fluid mixture
US4389307A (en) Arrangement of multiple fluid cyclones
FI65920C (fi) Foerfarande och anordning foer separering av ett medium i olika komponenter
US5733239A (en) Plant for freeing a liquid from a substance dispersed therein and having a larger density than the liquid
US4067494A (en) Nozzle type centrifugal machine with improved slurry pumping chambers
US3006474A (en) Method and means for converting the kinetic energy of a fluid stream into random turbulence
US6602180B2 (en) Self-driven centrifuge with vane module
US5403486A (en) Accelerator system in a centrifuge
US3768658A (en) Separator
US6599422B2 (en) Separator for liquids containing impurities
NL8005910A (nl) Werkwijze alsmede een inrichting voor het door centrifugeren scheiden van een mengsel met willekeurige toestandsfase.
US5401423A (en) Feed accelerator system including accelerator disc
US3955754A (en) Continuously operating centrifuge having a plurality of separating screens
US2743865A (en) Centrifugal separator
EP0574364B1 (en) Centrifuge for oil extraction from oily slurries working without addition of drinkable water
HU184588B (en) Method and apparatus for separating medium into components of different density
US1589097A (en) Apparatus for continuously separating liquids from solids
JPH11511059A (ja) 遠心分離機
US3133880A (en) Centrifugal extractor
US1517900A (en) Air separator
US2489678A (en) Centrifugal foam breaker
US3108953A (en) Apparatus for contacting two fluids with each other countercurrently
US4729760A (en) Apparatus for the centrifugal separation of a mixture of phases
US2641363A (en) Apparatus for clarifying liquids
JPS63283771A (ja) 複数相混合物の遠心分離方法および装置