US3563260A - Power transmission - Google Patents

Power transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
US3563260A
US3563260A US3563260DA US3563260A US 3563260 A US3563260 A US 3563260A US 3563260D A US3563260D A US 3563260DA US 3563260 A US3563260 A US 3563260A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fluid
flow
fluid flow
radially inward
spiral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Gaylord O Ellis
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Vickers Inc
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Sperry Rand Corp
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Assigned to SPERRY CORPORATION reassignment SPERRY CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SPERRY RAND CORPORATION
Assigned to VICKERS, INCORPORATED reassignment VICKERS, INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SPERRY CORPORATION A DE CORP.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C1/00—Circuit elements having no moving parts
    • F15C1/16—Vortex devices, i.e. devices in which use is made of the pressure drop associated with vortex motion in a fluid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
    • Y10T137/2087—Means to cause rotational flow of fluid [e.g., vortex generator]
    • Y10T137/2098—Vortex generator as control for system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
    • Y10T137/2087—Means to cause rotational flow of fluid [e.g., vortex generator]
    • Y10T137/2109—By tangential input to axial output [e.g., vortex amplifier]

Definitions

  • PATENTEUFEBIBIBYI 35633260 SHEI1UF3 FIG III I MM'HI; m ⁇ ks INVENTOR. l-Q D O. ELLIS ATTORNEYS sum 2 [IF 3 5mm W5 INVENTUR.
  • the present invention relates to flowcontrol devices of the type which do not utilize mechanical flow impeding means and, more particularly, this inventionrelates to vortex flow control devices.
  • One solution is to provide an increased back pressure at critical conditions of valve operation wherein the issuing jet stream has a dynamic head which will be less than three times the back pressure. This may be accomplished by means of a simple restriction, however, such restrictions provide a back pressure which increases with flow, thus, giving the required back pressure at high flow conditions where it is generally not needed and results in an unnecessary reduction in system efficiency. It would thus be desirable to provide a restriction which will vary inversely with the flow rate; that is, a restriction which will provide a high back pressure at low flow rates and which will provide a low back pressure at high flow rates. Such a restriction may be had by utilizing a vortex flow control device.
  • the basic vortex flow control device is comparatively simple in construction consisting generally of a cup-shaped chamber in which the main fluid stream is introduced at the outer wall of the chamber'and is oriented, to flow radially inward to the center of the chamber to an outlet.
  • the control input port is located near the power input stream and thecontrol flow is directed perpendicularly against the main fluid supply. If no control input is present, themain fluid stream flows directly to the output, and encounters minimum impedance.
  • the interaction of .the main and control streams results in the main stream being deflected away from its radial path to establish a spiral pattern. This deflection of the mainstream and subsequent formation of the vortex lengthens the flow path of the main fluid stream, which increases the pressure drop.
  • a vortex flow control device should have a turndown ratio of to l, or more.
  • control stream is at a higher pressure than that of the main flow stream, thus requiring a separate source of fluid pressure energy which adds unnecessary cost to such a system. It would thus be very desirable to provide a vortex flow control device having a turndown ratio of 20 to l or more and one which may function without the need for a high-pressure control stream.
  • a vortex flow control device havlng a chamber with a main stream input at its periphery which is adapted to flow radially inward to an output; a plurality of logarithmic spiral elements forming a flow path originating at the main stream input and terminating at the output; and, means for selectively directing the main stream from its radial flow path to the spiral flow path.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a vortex flow control device embodying the present invention and taken along line 1-1 of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a presently preferred, but merely illustrative embodiment of the inventive principles; a flow control device 10 of the vortex type.
  • the housing 12 of the device comprises a nozzle plate 14 sandwiched between a body section 16 and an end plate 20, all of which are suitably connected to each other by means of bolts 22.
  • a mounting flange is provided at 24 and is secured to the end plate 20 by bolts 26 one of which is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the body section 16 is provided with an inlet connection port 28 having an inlet passage 30 leading therefrom into a cylindrically shaped cavity 32.
  • the inlet port 28 is adapted to be connected to a source of fluid pressure energy, such as a pump, not shown.
  • a vortex control element 34 having at its outer periphery a plurality of axially extending flanges 36 of which the opposite ends 38 and 40 respectively abut the cavity wall 42 and the nozzle plate 14 and is secured therein the the same, forming a second cavity or chamber 43 between the control element 34 and the nozzle plate 14.
  • the vortex control element is further provided with a guide cone 44 located within chamber 43 at its center on a vortex flow surface 46 formed on the right-hand side of element 34.
  • the cone 44 extends axially away from surface 46 into a throat 48 of conically shaped outlet nozzle 50.
  • the outlet nozzle 50 is formed within a centrally located axial extension 51 of the nozzle plate 14 and extends through a bore 52 formed within the end plate 20.
  • annular recess 54 which is connected by means of passageway 56 to a control pressure input connection port 58 for the purpose of conducting the control fluid in a manner to be described hereinafter.
  • Seal 60 is provided to prevent leakage at the juncture of the body section and the nozzle plate while seals 62 and 64 are provided to prevent leakage at the juncture of the nozzle plate and end plate.
  • the seals 60, 62, and 64 are preferably in the form of an endless elastomeric O-ring of circular radial cross section, however, any suitable sealing means may be employed.
  • FIG. 3 where there is illustrated the vortex flow surface 46 of the control element 34.
  • a plurality of slots indicated by the numerals 66 through inclusive.
  • Each, slot connects the cavity 32 with the flow surface 46.
  • radial flow paths 82 through 96 inclusive Associated with each slot 66 through 80, respectively are radial flow paths 82 through 96 inclusive. through which the fluid will flow from the slots to the outlet nozzle, until acted on m a manner to be described hereinafter.
  • a continuous flow path is established between the inlet connection and the outlet nozzle by means of the cavity 32, the peripheral slots 66 through 80, the radial flow paths 82 through 96, the guide cone 44, and throat 48
  • the vane elements 100 form a plurality of logarithmic spiral flow paths 101 through which the radial flow paths 82 through 96 intersect and annularly separate.
  • the spiral angle [3 is that angle of the blade formed at the intersection of a radius of the vortex surface 46 and a line which is tangented to the blade 100 and the angle B will be a constant along the same logarithmic spiral.
  • Tan 6 %
  • the logarithmic spiral may be of any desired angle; the greater the logarithmic spiral angle, the greater the turndown ratio will be and vice versa.
  • the vane elements are illustrated as being stationary, it would also be possible to incorporate the vane elements whose logarithmic angle could be varied.
  • control jets 102 through 116 inclusive There is associated with each of the radial flow paths 82 through 96 respectively, a plurality of control jets 102 through 116 inclusive.
  • the control jets are generally perpendicular to the radial flow paths and each individually are connected to the annular recess 54 within the end plate by means of a plurality of bores 118 extending from the vortex control element 34 and through the nozzle plate 14, one of which is illustrated in FIG. 1. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the control jets are positioned on the control element 34 in such a manner that the control flow admitted from the jets will flow in the direction of the logarithmic spiral vane elements and into the spiral flow paths 101.
  • fluid enters the device by means of the inlet connection port; flows therethrough to the cavity 32, around the outer periphery of the control element via the slots, and undisturbed radially inward to the cone, and is discharged into the conical nozzle.
  • pressure fluid When high-pressure fluid enters the annular recess 54 via the control pressure input connection port, pressure fluid will be conducted through the bores 118 to each of the control jets and into each of the radial flow paths.
  • the high-pressure flow from the jets gives a deflection to the main flow which, though slight, is sufficient to cause the main flow to partially engage the vane elements, which, in turn, further deflects the main flow until a logarithmic spiral flow path is established. Flow diverted from one radial flow path into the spiral flow path will further deflect the main flow within other radial flow paths as it follows the desired spiral path, thus further aiding the action of the vortex.
  • FIG. 4 The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 with the exception of the location of the control jets, is identical to that illustrated in FIG. 3, and thus, the corresponding components will be identified with the same numeral followed by the letter a.
  • the vane elements in FIG. 3 are identified by the numeral 100, whereas in FIG. 4, they are identified by the numeral 100a.
  • control jets 102a through 166a are positioned on the control element 34a in such a manner that the jets are generally faced in a direction which is opposite to the spiral flow path, but are still generally normal to the radial flow paths.
  • the plurality of control jets are connected to a lowpressure bleed, such as a vacuum pump, not shown.
  • the undisturbed fluid entering through the slots 66a through a will flow radially inward until the recess 54 is bleed vented to a low-pressure region.
  • the mainflow within the radial flow paths will attach to the walls of the vortex chamber with an accompanying deflection. Once deflected slightly, the main flow will engage the vane elements a which will further deflect the flow into the desired spiral flow path in the same manner as hereinbefore described the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • a pump for supplying fluid pressure via conduit 121 from a reservoir 122 to a fluid motor 124 via conduit 125.
  • Pressure fluid is selectively directed to either conduit 126 or 128 by means of a standard four-way valve 130 for the purpose of reciprocally moving a piston 132 to any desired position.
  • the piston 132 will reciprocate rightwardly and fluid will be discharged into conduit 128 and via the four-way valve into an outlet conduit 134.
  • the fluid being discharged is carried by the conduit 134 to the vortex flow control device 136 and back to the reservoir 122.
  • control jets 138 of the vortex device are continuously connected to the pressure fluid being admitted from pump 120 by means of a conduit 140.
  • Relief valve 142 is provided and in fluid communication with conduit 140 for the purpose of venting the fluid pressure directly to the reservoir when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the vortex flow control device 136 which is schematically illustrated in FIG. 5 is identical in construction and operation to the vortex flow control device 10 described hereinbefore; therefore, the back pressure induced in conduit 134 will be a function of both the control flow and the main flow entering the vortex device 136. If a constant main flow enters the device and the control flow is varied, the back pressure induced in conduit 134 will increase with a corresponding increase in the control flow; whereas, if a constant control flow is utilized, the back pressure induced in the conduit 134 will decrease with an increase in the main flow. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the control flow is essentially at a fixed rate while the main flow in conduit 134 varies as the valve 130 is shifted from one position to another.
  • valve 130 As valve 130 is initially shifted to provide fluid communication between conduit 128 and 134, the main flow into the vortex device 136 will be relatively small as compared to the constant control flow at 138 with a resultant effect of inducing a back pressure in conduit 134 in a manner which has been described hereinbefore. As the valve 130 opens further, the main flow will increase, and the back pressure induced in conduit 134 will decrease. By proper design which will be dependent on the pressure range and fluid desired, the fluid being discharged into the reservoir via vortex device 136 will be maintained at some predetermined back pressure to prevent the formation of bubbles at the discharge of valve 130. It can readily be seen that the back pressure induced by means of the vortex device will be greater at the lower main flow rates and will decrease in value as the main flow rate is increased. This condition is considerably more desirable than the increased back pressure which would wear across a fixed restriction as the main flow rate is increased.
  • the present invention has provided a vortex flow control valve having no mechanical or moving parts, which is not prone to malfunction due to the presence of dirt or other materials in the fluid, and which will have a turndown ratio which will exceed values hereinbefore obtainable.
  • a vortex flow control device comprising:
  • A. Means forming a chamber having peripheral walls
  • a plurality of vane elements which follow a logarithmic spiral curve to form a spiral fluid flow path extending from said supply means to said discharge means;
  • a vortex flow control device as described in claim 1 wherein said diverting means comprises a control jet for supplying a control fluid substantially normal to the direction of said radially inward fluid flow for diverting said radially inward fluid flow into said spiral fluid flow path.
  • a vortex flow control device as described in claim 4 wherein said supplying means comprises a plurality of fluid inlets associated with said peripheral walls; and, a plurality of radial flow paths extending from each of said fluid inlets to said discharge means.
  • a vortex flow control device as described in claim 5 wherein said diverting means comprises a plurality of control jets for individually supplying a control fluid substantially normal to the direction of each of said radially inward fluid flow paths for diverting said radially inward fluid flow into said spiral fluid flow paths.
  • a vortex flow control device as described in claim 5 wherein said radial fluid flow paths project through said spiral fluid flow paths.
  • a vortex fluid flow control device for restraining the flow of pressure fluid comprising:
  • a housing having a fluid inlet and a fluid discharge
  • a chamber having a plurality of slots formed about the peripheral wall of said chamber for forming a fluid connection between said fluid inlet and said chamber;
  • a plurality of vane elements defining a plurality of spiral flow paths each path extending along a logarithmic spiral curve for connecting said slots to said discharge;
  • a circuit for establishing fluid communication between a high pressure fluid region and a low pressure fluid region comprising:
  • a valve having an inlet connect-ed to said high pressure fluid region, an outlet, and means disposed between said inlet and outlet for providing a predetermined pressure drop between said inlet and said outlet;
  • a vortex flow control device comprising: means forming a chamber having peripheral walls; means connecting said valve outlet to said chamber for supplying fluid to said chamber adjacent said peripheral walls, and radially inward thereof; means remote from said peripheral walls for discharging fluid to said low pressure fluid region; a plurality of vane elements defining a plurality a logarithmic spiral fluid flow paths extending from said peripheral walls to said discharge means; and, means for diverting said radially inwardly fluid flow into said spiral fluid flow paths.
  • a vortex flow control device as described in claim 10 wherein said diverting means comprises a plurality of fluid supply jets substantially normal to the direction of said radially inward fluid flow, said control fluid supply being connected to said high pressure fluid region.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
US3563260D 1968-11-08 1968-11-08 Power transmission Expired - Lifetime US3563260A (en)

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US77427068A 1968-11-08 1968-11-08

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US3563260D Expired - Lifetime US3563260A (en) 1968-11-08 1968-11-08 Power transmission

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US (1) US3563260A (cs)
JP (1) JPS4827878B1 (cs)
DE (1) DE1955973B2 (cs)
FR (1) FR2022857A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1290547A (cs)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3638672A (en) * 1970-07-24 1972-02-01 Hobson Ltd H M Valves
US3712321A (en) * 1971-05-03 1973-01-23 Philco Ford Corp Low loss vortex fluid amplifier valve
US4112977A (en) * 1976-06-22 1978-09-12 Nicholas Syred Vortex diodes
US4190078A (en) * 1976-06-05 1980-02-26 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh Apparatus for converting of spin flow energy into pressure energy
EP0089186A1 (en) * 1982-03-16 1983-09-21 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Fluidic control device
US5070972A (en) * 1990-06-18 1991-12-10 General Motors Corporation Vortex valving assembly for a hydraulic damper
US5799691A (en) * 1995-10-31 1998-09-01 Uhde Gmbh Device for feeding a gaseous fluid through a bed of bulk material
WO2002050456A3 (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-10-17 Ind Mathematics 1995 Co Ltd Control vortex valve
US20170292545A1 (en) * 2014-09-29 2017-10-12 Metha Yoavaphankul Apparatus for creating a swirling flow of fluid
US20180128293A1 (en) * 2014-12-18 2018-05-10 Luxnara Yaovaphankul Apparatus for creating a swirling flow of fluid on horizontal plane

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8914438D0 (en) * 1989-06-23 1989-08-09 Atomic Energy Authority Uk An improved fluidic control system
GB9119196D0 (en) * 1991-09-03 1991-10-23 Atomic Energy Authority Uk An improved flow-control system
DE4335595A1 (de) * 1993-10-19 1995-04-20 Robert Dipl Ing Freimann Verfahren und Vorrichtung für eine unter Druck stehende, umzulenkende oder zu verzweigende Rohrströmung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3075227A (en) * 1960-04-14 1963-01-29 Romald E Bowles Vacuum cleaner
US3198214A (en) * 1962-10-30 1965-08-03 R I V Anstalt Zur Verwaltung V Fluid regulator
US3267946A (en) * 1963-04-12 1966-08-23 Moore Products Co Flow control apparatus
US3324891A (en) * 1961-04-18 1967-06-13 Gen Electric Flow regulator
US3446078A (en) * 1966-04-19 1969-05-27 Romald E Bowles Fluid amplifier

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3075227A (en) * 1960-04-14 1963-01-29 Romald E Bowles Vacuum cleaner
US3324891A (en) * 1961-04-18 1967-06-13 Gen Electric Flow regulator
US3198214A (en) * 1962-10-30 1965-08-03 R I V Anstalt Zur Verwaltung V Fluid regulator
US3267946A (en) * 1963-04-12 1966-08-23 Moore Products Co Flow control apparatus
US3446078A (en) * 1966-04-19 1969-05-27 Romald E Bowles Fluid amplifier

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3638672A (en) * 1970-07-24 1972-02-01 Hobson Ltd H M Valves
US3712321A (en) * 1971-05-03 1973-01-23 Philco Ford Corp Low loss vortex fluid amplifier valve
US4190078A (en) * 1976-06-05 1980-02-26 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh Apparatus for converting of spin flow energy into pressure energy
US4112977A (en) * 1976-06-22 1978-09-12 Nicholas Syred Vortex diodes
EP0089186A1 (en) * 1982-03-16 1983-09-21 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Fluidic control device
US5070972A (en) * 1990-06-18 1991-12-10 General Motors Corporation Vortex valving assembly for a hydraulic damper
US5799691A (en) * 1995-10-31 1998-09-01 Uhde Gmbh Device for feeding a gaseous fluid through a bed of bulk material
WO2002050456A3 (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-10-17 Ind Mathematics 1995 Co Ltd Control vortex valve
US20170292545A1 (en) * 2014-09-29 2017-10-12 Metha Yoavaphankul Apparatus for creating a swirling flow of fluid
US10167883B2 (en) * 2014-09-29 2019-01-01 Luxnara Yaovaphankul Apparatus for creating a swirling flow of fluid
US20180128293A1 (en) * 2014-12-18 2018-05-10 Luxnara Yaovaphankul Apparatus for creating a swirling flow of fluid on horizontal plane
US10107316B2 (en) * 2014-12-18 2018-10-23 Luxnara Yaovaphankul Apparatus for creating a swirling flow of fluid on horizontal plane

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Publication number Publication date
FR2022857A1 (cs) 1970-08-07
DE1955973B2 (de) 1972-06-08
DE1955973A1 (de) 1970-06-04
GB1290547A (cs) 1972-09-27
JPS4827878B1 (cs) 1973-08-27

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