US3561678A - Centrifuge for spraying liquid material to be prilled - Google Patents

Centrifuge for spraying liquid material to be prilled Download PDF

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US3561678A
US3561678A US767415A US3561678DA US3561678A US 3561678 A US3561678 A US 3561678A US 767415 A US767415 A US 767415A US 3561678D A US3561678D A US 3561678DA US 3561678 A US3561678 A US 3561678A
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centrifuge
container
displacement body
wall
liquid material
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US767415A
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Isak Andreas Friestad
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Norsk Hydro Elektrisk Kvaelstof AS
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Norsk Hydro Elektrisk Kvaelstof AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • 2IO/2l3 comprises a centrifuge container having a perforated wall, a displacement body arranged in said container and means for rotating the container.
  • Liquid material to be sprayed is supplied through a pipe, either to the annular space between the displacement body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, or to the inner space of a hollow displacement body having orifices through which the liquid material can flow out in the space between the body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container.
  • the displacement body may be mounted axially moveable and/or rotatable independently of the centrifuge container.
  • the present invention relates to a centrifuge for use in spraying liquid material intended to converted into so-called prills.
  • This process so-called prilling," consists in liquid material, which for instance can be molten material or a concentrated solution and in which solid particles may be dispersed being ejected through the perforated wall of a centrifuge. In this way the sprayed material is divided into droplets which can be caused to solidify by falling through a gas or a liquid.
  • Prilling is especially used for concentrated molten fertilizers with low water content comprising amongst others suspensions containing the plane nutrients N and P, in which may also be suspended or dispersed solid materials such as potassium salts, magnesium salts and micronutrients.
  • the present invention now relates to a centrifuge for use in prilling liquid material, for example concentrated molten fertilizers with a low water content as above mentioned, in which centrifuge the above mentioned problems are eliminated or at least reduced to a substantial degree.
  • a centrifuge according to the invention is substantially characterized by a displacement body arranged in the centrifuge container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of the centrifuge container having substantially the same rotational shape as the wall of the centrifuge container and being concentric with the same.
  • the distance between the centrifuge wall and the displacement body should preferably not be more than 20 mm. and can preferably be from 2 l mm.
  • the displacement body is stationary, but it is also possible to mount it on a shaft which is rotatable independently of the centrifuge container.
  • the liquid material to be prilled can be supplied to the annular space between the perforated centrifuge wall and the displacement body at the upper or lower end of the same. It is, however, also possible to supply the liquid material to the interior of a hollow displacement body and to let the material flow out through orifices in the wall of the displacement body.
  • FIG. I is an axial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a similar view of another embodiment of the invention.
  • numeral 1 designates a centrifuge container which can be of a performance known per se.
  • the centrifuge container is attached to a shaft 2, which can be set in rotation at a suitable speed, for instance 500 to 1500 rev./min.
  • the conical wall la of the centrifuge container is perforated in usual manner.
  • the perforations are not shown in the draw- Three designates a displacement body which according to the invention is arranged in the interior of the centrifuge container.
  • the side of the displacement body facing the perforated wall of the centrifuge container is provided with a surface which is substantially concentric with the perforated wall of the centrifuge container.
  • the displacement body 3 is attached to a tube-shaped body 4 surrounding the centrifuge shaft 2.
  • 5 designates orifices in the wall of the tube 4 just above the displacement body. Below these orifices, the inner side of the tube is provided with guide bafflcs 6 (for instance lips") serving to guide a part of the liquid material out through the orifices 5.
  • Liquid material to be prilled is supplied to the centrifuge container through the annular intermediate space 7 between tube 4 and shaft 2.
  • the tube 4 is open at the lower end so that the liquid material will flow out into the centrifuge container at the bottom of the same and then flow upwardly through the annular intermediate space between the perforated wall Ia of the centrifuge container and the displacement body 3.
  • Part of the liquid material will as above mentioned flow out through the orifices 5 and then flow outwards and downwards to the upper end of the annular spacebetween the wall la and the displacement body 3.
  • the orifices 5 may be omitted if desired.
  • FIG. 2 deviates from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 mainly in that the liquid materi' al is supplied to the inside of a hollow displacement body. ln this FIG. 1. la and 2 designate corresponding parts to those in H6. 1.
  • 3a is a displacement body, which in H0. 2 is made hollow.
  • the wall 3!; facing the perforated wall la of the centrifuge container is provided with orifices or slots 3c.
  • the displacement body is attached to a tube 4a surrounding the centrifuge shaft 2.
  • the tube 40 can be stationary or may be rotatably mounted independently of the shaft 2.
  • the displacement body 3a is provided with a cylindrical wall 8 surrounding the tube 4a at some distance from the same.
  • the liquid material is supplied to the centrifuge through the annular intermediate space 9 between the tube 4a and the wall 8.
  • the liquid material flows through this intermediate space down to the hollow displacement body and flows out through the orifices 3c to the intermediate space between the displacement body and the perforated wall la of the centrifuge container.
  • a centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material which may have dispersed solid particles therein so as to form droplets, comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of said container having substantially the same rotational shape as the said wall and being substantially concentric therewith, and means for rotating the centrifuge container.
  • a centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material which may have dispersed solid particles therein so as to form droplets comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of said container having substantially the same rotational shape as the said wall and being substantially concentric therewith, means for rotating the centrifuge container and a supply pipe for liquid material to be sprayed, said pipe communicating with the annular space between the centrifuge wall and the displacement body.
  • a centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material so as to form droplets comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a hollow displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of the centrifuge container having substantially the same rotational shape as said wall and being concentric therewith, the wall of the hollow displacement body being provided with orifices through which liquid material can flow from the inner space of the displacement body into the annular space between the said body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, means for supplying liquid material to the inner space of the displacement body, and means for rotating the centrifuge container.
  • a centrifuge suitable for sprayingliquid material so as to form droplets comprising a vertically mounted, rotatable shaft, means for rotating the shaft, a centrifuge container rigidly mounted on said shaft, said container having a perforated wall having an increasing cross section from the lower end upwardly, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body having substantially the same rotational shape as the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, and

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Centrifuge for use in spraying liquid material intended to be converted into so-called prills. The centrifuge comprises a centrifuge container having a perforated wall, a displacement body arranged in said container and means for rotating the container. Liquid material to be sprayed is supplied through a pipe, either to the annular space between the displacement body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, or to the inner space of a hollow displacement body having orifices through which the liquid material can flow out in the space between the body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container. The displacement body may be mounted axially moveable and/or rotatable independently of the centrifuge container.

Description

United States Patent [72] Inventor Isak Andreas F riestad [56] References Cited Flattenlia. Norway UNITED STATES PATENTS g 31313 2.779473 1/1957 Wezel 2l0/2l3(X) [45] Patented Feb. 9, 1971 Primary ExaminerLloyd L. King [73] Assignec Norsk Hydro-Elektrisk Assistant Examiner-Gene A. Church Kvaelstofaktieselskab Att0rney Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack Oslo, Norway [32] Priority Oct. 25, I967 3 1 Norway ABSTRACT: (centrifuge for use in spraying liquid material in- 3 170,270 tended to be converted into so-called prills. The centrifuge [54] CENTRIFUGE FOR SPRAYING LIQUID MATERIAL TO BE PRILLED 8 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.
[52] US. Cl 239/222, 210/213; 239/103 [51] Int. Cl B05b 3/02 [50] Field of Search 239/222,
214.19, 225, 230, 260, 381; 2IO/2l3 comprises a centrifuge container having a perforated wall, a displacement body arranged in said container and means for rotating the container. Liquid material to be sprayed is supplied through a pipe, either to the annular space between the displacement body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, or to the inner space of a hollow displacement body having orifices through which the liquid material can flow out in the space between the body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container.
The displacement body may be mounted axially moveable and/or rotatable independently of the centrifuge container.
PATENTEU FEB 9 i971 Fae INVENTOR ISAK ANDREAS FRIESTAD l llfl I I liiilillliilllillIlill'li15lllIIIIIIIIIIUflII HHHI'HIi' ii ATTORNEYS CENTRIFUGE FOR SPRAYING LIQUID MATERIAL TO BE PRILLED The present invention relates to a centrifuge for use in spraying liquid material intended to converted into so-called prills.
This process, so-called prilling," consists in liquid material, which for instance can be molten material or a concentrated solution and in which solid particles may be dispersed being ejected through the perforated wall of a centrifuge. In this way the sprayed material is divided into droplets which can be caused to solidify by falling through a gas or a liquid.
Prilling is especially used for concentrated molten fertilizers with low water content comprising amongst others suspensions containing the plane nutrients N and P, in which may also be suspended or dispersed solid materials such as potassium salts, magnesium salts and micronutrients.
The spraying of the above-mentioned liquid materials through a perforated centrifuge wall presents many problems, primarily due to the clogging or filling of the orifices in the centrifuge wall. This applies in particular to liquid materials of high viscosity and which besides contain suspended or dispersed solid particles. Such mixtures often have pseudo plastic properties which increases the difficulty of spraying.
The problems concerned with clogging or filling of the orifices can be reduced by increasing the diameter of the orifices. As the output per orifice in a centrifuge will thus increase, the speed of rotation has to be increased in order to maintain a desired grain size. However, this results in an increased distance to which the particles are thrown and the dimensions of the solidifying tower have to be increased beyond economical limits if it is desired to avoid the tower walls being coated with solidified material.
The present invention now relates to a centrifuge for use in prilling liquid material, for example concentrated molten fertilizers with a low water content as above mentioned, in which centrifuge the above mentioned problems are eliminated or at least reduced to a substantial degree.
A centrifuge according to the invention is substantially characterized by a displacement body arranged in the centrifuge container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of the centrifuge container having substantially the same rotational shape as the wall of the centrifuge container and being concentric with the same.
The distance between the centrifuge wall and the displacement body should preferably not be more than 20 mm. and can preferably be from 2 l mm.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the displacement body is stationary, but it is also possible to mount it on a shaft which is rotatable independently of the centrifuge container.
The liquid material to be prilled can be supplied to the annular space between the perforated centrifuge wall and the displacement body at the upper or lower end of the same. It is, however, also possible to supply the liquid material to the interior of a hollow displacement body and to let the material flow out through orifices in the wall of the displacement body.
In order that the invention may be more easily understood it will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing showing diagrammatically two embodiments of centrifuges according to the invention in axial section.
FIG. I is an axial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a similar view of another embodiment of the invention.
In FIG. 1, numeral 1 designates a centrifuge container which can be of a performance known per se. The centrifuge container is attached to a shaft 2, which can be set in rotation at a suitable speed, for instance 500 to 1500 rev./min.
The conical wall la of the centrifuge container is perforated in usual manner. The perforations are not shown in the draw- Three designates a displacement body which according to the invention is arranged in the interior of the centrifuge container. The side of the displacement body facing the perforated wall of the centrifuge container is provided with a surface which is substantially concentric with the perforated wall of the centrifuge container. The displacement body 3 is attached to a tube-shaped body 4 surrounding the centrifuge shaft 2. 5 designates orifices in the wall of the tube 4 just above the displacement body. Below these orifices, the inner side of the tube is provided with guide bafflcs 6 (for instance lips") serving to guide a part of the liquid material out through the orifices 5.
Liquid material to be prilled is supplied to the centrifuge container through the annular intermediate space 7 between tube 4 and shaft 2. The tube 4 is open at the lower end so that the liquid material will flow out into the centrifuge container at the bottom of the same and then flow upwardly through the annular intermediate space between the perforated wall Ia of the centrifuge container and the displacement body 3.
Part of the liquid material will as above mentioned flow out through the orifices 5 and then flow outwards and downwards to the upper end of the annular spacebetween the wall la and the displacement body 3.
The orifices 5 may be omitted if desired.
The embodiment according to FIG. 2 deviates from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 mainly in that the liquid materi' al is supplied to the inside of a hollow displacement body. ln this FIG. 1. la and 2 designate corresponding parts to those in H6. 1.
3a is a displacement body, which in H0. 2 is made hollow. The wall 3!; facing the perforated wall la of the centrifuge container is provided with orifices or slots 3c.
The displacement body is attached to a tube 4a surrounding the centrifuge shaft 2. The tube 40 can be stationary or may be rotatably mounted independently of the shaft 2.
At the upper end the displacement body 3a is provided with a cylindrical wall 8 surrounding the tube 4a at some distance from the same. The liquid material is supplied to the centrifuge through the annular intermediate space 9 between the tube 4a and the wall 8. The liquid material flows through this intermediate space down to the hollow displacement body and flows out through the orifices 3c to the intermediate space between the displacement body and the perforated wall la of the centrifuge container. t
lclaim:
l. A centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material, which may have dispersed solid particles therein so as to form droplets, comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of said container having substantially the same rotational shape as the said wall and being substantially concentric therewith, and means for rotating the centrifuge container.
2. A centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the perforated wall of the centrifuge container and the said surface of the displacement body is not more than 20 3. A centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material, which may have dispersed solid particles therein so as to form droplets comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of said container having substantially the same rotational shape as the said wall and being substantially concentric therewith, means for rotating the centrifuge container and a supply pipe for liquid material to be sprayed, said pipe communicating with the annular space between the centrifuge wall and the displacement body.
4. A centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material so as to form droplets, comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a hollow displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of the centrifuge container having substantially the same rotational shape as said wall and being concentric therewith, the wall of the hollow displacement body being provided with orifices through which liquid material can flow from the inner space of the displacement body into the annular space between the said body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, means for supplying liquid material to the inner space of the displacement body, and means for rotating the centrifuge container.
5. A centrifuge suitable for sprayingliquid material so as to form droplets, comprising a vertically mounted, rotatable shaft, means for rotating the shaft, a centrifuge container rigidly mounted on said shaft, said container having a perforated wall having an increasing cross section from the lower end upwardly, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body having substantially the same rotational shape as the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, and

Claims (7)

  1. 2. A centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the perforated wall of the centrifuge container and the said surface of the displacement body is not more than 20 mm.
  2. 3. A centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material, which may have dispersed solid particles therein so as to form droplets comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of said container having substantially the same rotational shape as the said wall and being substantially concentric therewith, means for rotating the centrifuge container and a supply pipe for liquid material to be sprayed, said pipe communicating with the annular space between the centrifuge wall and the displacement body.
  3. 4. A centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material so as to form droplets, comprising a perforated container through which in operation the material is sprayed, a hollow displacement body in said container, the surface of said body facing the perforated wall of the centrifuge container having substantially the same rotational shape as said wall and being concentric therewith, the wall of the hollow displacement body being provided with orifices through which liquid material can flow from the inner space of the displacement body into the annular space between the said body and the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, means for supplying liquid material to the inner space of the displacement body, and means for rotating the centrifuge container.
  4. 5. A centrifuge suitable for spraying liquid material so as to form droplets, comprising a vertically mounted, rotatable shaft, means for rotating the shaft, a centrifuge container rigidly mounted on said shaft, said container having a perforated wall having an increasing cross section from the lower end upwardly, a displacement body in said container, the surface of said body having substantially the same rotational shape as the perforated wall of the centrifuge container, and being substantially concentric therewith.
  5. 6. A centrifuge as claimed in claim 5 comprising a second vertically mounted, rotatable shaft on which the displacement body is rigidly mounted, and means for rotating said second shaft independently of the rotation of the shaft on which the centrifuge container is mounted.
  6. 7. Centrifuge as claimed in claim 1 wherein the distance between the displacement body and the centrifuge wall is from 2- 10 mm.
  7. 8. Centrifuge as claimed in claim 4 wherein the distance between the displacement body and the centrifuge wall is from 2- 10 mm.
US767415A 1967-10-25 1968-10-14 Centrifuge for spraying liquid material to be prilled Expired - Lifetime US3561678A (en)

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NO170270A NO122298B (en) 1967-10-25 1967-10-25

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US (1) US3561678A (en)
BE (1) BE722835A (en)
DE (1) DE1804700C3 (en)
DK (1) DK136021B (en)
ES (1) ES359505A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1589598A (en)
GB (1) GB1206418A (en)
NL (1) NL156065B (en)
NO (1) NO122298B (en)
SE (1) SE335515B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3823409A (en) * 1973-01-30 1974-07-09 Rca Corp Rotatable paraboloidal reservoir useful in an ink jet printer
US3900164A (en) * 1973-03-08 1975-08-19 Norsk Hydro As Means for feeding fluid materials to a prilling bucket

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2143750A (en) * 1983-07-20 1985-02-20 Quentin John Lewis Spraying device separating liquids
EP0233384A3 (en) * 1985-12-20 1988-12-14 Stamicarbon B.V. Process and device for distributing a liquid in a gaseous or vaporous medium

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2779473A (en) * 1955-03-15 1957-01-29 Stork Koninklijke Maschf Continuously operating centrifugal machine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2779473A (en) * 1955-03-15 1957-01-29 Stork Koninklijke Maschf Continuously operating centrifugal machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3823409A (en) * 1973-01-30 1974-07-09 Rca Corp Rotatable paraboloidal reservoir useful in an ink jet printer
US3900164A (en) * 1973-03-08 1975-08-19 Norsk Hydro As Means for feeding fluid materials to a prilling bucket

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GB1206418A (en) 1970-09-23
DE1804700B2 (en) 1974-02-07
DE1804700C3 (en) 1974-10-03
BE722835A (en) 1969-04-01
SE335515B (en) 1971-06-01
NO122298B (en) 1971-06-07
NL6815137A (en) 1969-04-29
ES359505A1 (en) 1970-06-01
DE1804700A1 (en) 1969-05-22
NL156065B (en) 1978-03-15
DK136021C (en) 1978-01-02
DK136021B (en) 1977-08-01
FR1589598A (en) 1970-03-31

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