US3559199A - Method of and an apparatus for indicating short circuits in the cells of electrolysis plants - Google Patents

Method of and an apparatus for indicating short circuits in the cells of electrolysis plants Download PDF

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Publication number
US3559199A
US3559199A US660815A US3559199DA US3559199A US 3559199 A US3559199 A US 3559199A US 660815 A US660815 A US 660815A US 3559199D A US3559199D A US 3559199DA US 3559199 A US3559199 A US 3559199A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cell
cells
anode
bus bar
short circuits
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Expired - Lifetime
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US660815A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Schafer
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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Publication date
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/06—Detection or inhibition of short circuits in the cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for indicating short circuits in the cells of electrolysis plants in which the individual cells or anodes are connected to current leads.
  • Electrolysis plants are best operated at the lowest possible cell voltage.
  • An important factor in this respect is the loss of voltage in the electrolyte which is minimized by restricting the intervals between the electrodes.
  • limited intervals between the electrodes increase the frequency with which short circuits occur, .particularly in electrolysis cells where none of the electrodes represents a fixed surface. This applies, for example, to the electrolysis of alkali metal chlorides by the mercury process.
  • the mercury cathode is subject to changes through contamination of the cell base, whilst the graphite anode is as it were used up and has to be continuously reset or adjusted.
  • the indicators are also distributed uniformly and in a readily seen arrangement at appropriate points throughout the plant it is possible by visual survey of the plant quickly to determine Where an armature has moved into the closed position characteristics of a short circuit. It has even been found that, if the armature is arranged closely adjacent to current feeds, the armature itself, providing it is resiliently suspended in an appropriate manner, will also be laterally deflected towards those current feeds whose associated anodes are affected by the short circuit. It is therefore possible by suitably arranging the armature in dependence upon the design of the electrolysis plant to keep the number down to a minimum without reducing the desired effectiveness in any way.
  • the apparatus in such a way that it simultaneously acts as an alarm.
  • this is done by making the ferromagnetic armature the switch of a checking circuit provided with an alarm device.
  • the elastic reset element too is designed as an electric conductor and connected to an electric lead which is in turn connected with the base of the cell, an alarm device, for example, a Warning device and/or a hooter or horn, being included in the circuit.
  • the cell voltage is used with advantage to actuate the alarm device. It is of course also possible to install a separate circuit.
  • the ferromagnetic armatures are with advantage lined in part at least with a corrosion-resistant material, preferably graphite, on those sides facing the current leads, in order to guarantee effective electrical contact, because ferromagnetic metal, for example, would corrode on account of the vapours present.
  • the contact points of the conductor rods may be lined with a corrosion-resistant material.
  • the elastic reset member simultaneously acts as a holder for the armature and consists of a mechanical spring. It is electrically conductive and represents part of the checking circuit.
  • the armature in the form of a switch is actuated by the magnetic field generated in the event of a short circuit, as a result of which a checking circuit is closed and an alarm system released.
  • the short circuit anode is indicated by the magnetic field generated in the event of a short circuit which changes the position of the armature provided with an elastic reset member, the alarm being released through voltage-measuring instruments in a conventional manner.
  • FIG. 1 shows two ferromagnetic armatures provided with elastic reset elements designed to act as switches
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for the alarm systems shown in part only for two cells.
  • a plate 2 made of an insulating material is fixed in position near the conductor rail 1.
  • the bending springs 3, carrying the ferromagnetic armatures 5 with their graphite linings 4, are anchored in the bores 6 of the plate 2 and connected with the electrical lead 7 which leads to the base of the cell (not shown).
  • the anodes 8 and 9 of the cell 10 are connected to the rail 12 branched off from the conductor rail 11.
  • a switch 13, which is connected through the lead 14 with the relay 15, is arranged over the rail 12.
  • the lead 14 continues to the base 17 of the cell by way of the fuse 16.
  • the conductor rail 11' leads for the cathode 18 to the cell 10 which is identical in structure with the cell 4 10.
  • the two relays 15 and 15' are connected to two secondary circuits, one of which has a warning light 19 and 19' for each cell, whilst the other has a born or hooter 20 common to all the cells.
  • An electrolytic cell comprising a multiplicity of anodes, bus bar means connected to said anodes, electrical power means connected to said anodes through said bus bar and switch means disposed proximate to said bus bar in the vicinity of the electrical connection from said bar to each of said anodes which switch means comprises a conductive contact member attached to a conductive leaf spring member through a ferromagnetic element wherein the spring strength of said leaf spring is sufficient to resist bending thereof by attraction of said ferromagnetic element to said bus bar during passage of normal current quantities through said bus bar but insufficient to resist bending caused by the attraction of said ferromagnetic element by said bus bar on the occasion of increased current passing through said bus bar because of a short circuit in said electrolytic cell between said anode and the cathode thereof; and alarm circuit means electrically connected across said conductive leaf spring and said bus bar activated by contact between said graphite member and said bus bar caused by bending said spring because of said short circuit.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
US660815A 1966-08-18 1967-08-15 Method of and an apparatus for indicating short circuits in the cells of electrolysis plants Expired - Lifetime US3559199A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF0049978 1966-08-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3559199A true US3559199A (en) 1971-01-26

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ID=7103429

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US660815A Expired - Lifetime US3559199A (en) 1966-08-18 1967-08-15 Method of and an apparatus for indicating short circuits in the cells of electrolysis plants

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3559199A (xx)
BE (1) BE702848A (xx)
DE (1) DE1571736C3 (xx)
GB (1) GB1199982A (xx)
NL (1) NL6710922A (xx)
NO (1) NO117537B (xx)
SE (1) SE332162B (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792457A (en) * 1972-01-05 1974-02-12 Kennecott Copper Corp Detection device for indicating short circuits in electrolytic cells
US3944995A (en) * 1975-05-20 1976-03-16 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Device for detecting short-circuit between electrodes in electrolytic cell
CN106771808A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-31 湖北大学 一种铜电解槽极板短路预警系统及方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2177561B (en) * 1985-07-04 1989-05-10 Terence Frank Hart Electrical arc fault detector
KR101736000B1 (ko) * 2016-02-26 2017-05-15 엘에스산전 주식회사 전력 계통의 고장 검출 장치

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792457A (en) * 1972-01-05 1974-02-12 Kennecott Copper Corp Detection device for indicating short circuits in electrolytic cells
US3944995A (en) * 1975-05-20 1976-03-16 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Device for detecting short-circuit between electrodes in electrolytic cell
CN106771808A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-31 湖北大学 一种铜电解槽极板短路预警系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6710922A (xx) 1968-02-19
SE332162B (xx) 1971-02-01
NO117537B (xx) 1969-08-25
BE702848A (xx) 1968-01-15
DE1571736C3 (de) 1974-08-15
DE1571736B2 (de) 1974-01-17
GB1199982A (en) 1970-07-22
DE1571736A1 (de) 1971-01-14

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