US3552950A - High temperature corrosion resistant fe-g-ni-mn alloy - Google Patents
High temperature corrosion resistant fe-g-ni-mn alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3552950A US3552950A US646130A US3552950DA US3552950A US 3552950 A US3552950 A US 3552950A US 646130 A US646130 A US 646130A US 3552950D A US3552950D A US 3552950DA US 3552950 A US3552950 A US 3552950A
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- Prior art keywords
- alloys
- corrosion
- nickel
- chromium
- alloy
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 98
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title abstract description 98
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 104
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 87
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 87
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 52
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 48
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 43
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 41
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910003286 Ni-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003289 NiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- MRMOZBOQVYRSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethyllead Chemical compound CC[Pb](CC)(CC)CC MRMOZBOQVYRSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BSFODEXXVBBYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[4-(dimethylamino)butan-2-ylamino]quinolin-6-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(NC(CCN(C)C)C)=CC(O)=CC2=C1 BSFODEXXVBBYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000207439 Myra Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001074 Tenite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFIULKOFNBYKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Mn].[Ni].[Fe] Chemical compound [Cr].[Mn].[Ni].[Fe] UFIULKOFNBYKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UIMOJFJSJSIGLV-JNHMLNOCSA-N carumonam Chemical compound O=C1N(S(O)(=O)=O)[C@H](COC(=O)N)[C@@H]1NC(=O)C(=N/OCC(O)=O)\C1=CSC(N)=N1 UIMOJFJSJSIGLV-JNHMLNOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NRUQNUIWEUZVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-O diethanolammonium nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.OCC[NH2+]CCO NRUQNUIWEUZVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/052—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 40%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- This invention pertains to high temperature, corrosion resistant, age hardenable, austenitic alloys,'and moref'particularly to an essentially medium tolow carbon, low silicon, nickel-manganese-chromium-iron alloy .of this type, preferably containing aluminum and titanium as age hardening elements, and wherein manganese is present in substantial amount along with nickel in critically restricted amount for imparting high elevated temperature corrosion resistance to the combustion products of leaded gasoline fuels.
- an alloy steel commonly known as 2l-4N has been widely used for automotive exhaust valves.
- This steel nominally containsabout 21% chromium, 10% manganese, 4% nickel, 05% carbon, 0.4% nitrogen, and the balance substantially iron.
- the steel is hardened by the precipitation of carbides and nitrides, and is characterized by unusually high tensile strengthand hardness for 'an austenitic alloyaIn-addition it has good resistance to corrosion in the combustion products of leaded gasoline fuels.
- V t I H There are a number of requirements to. be met by an alloy or alloy steelto render it suitable for use in internal combustion engine valves and valve partsrSuch-analloy should be austenitic for reasons of strength at valve operating' temperatures on the order of 1200-1600 F. Also the austenitic alloy should be hardenable by precipitation of a stable phase such as carbides or intermetallic compounds to provide resistance to wear and to indentation. Also the alloy must have adequate corrosion resistance to the combustion products of leadedengine, fuels.
- Inconel .750 has a corrosion rate in molten .lead oxide of less than 3.0 gram per sq. decimeter, but its cost is several times that of 21-4N steel which has a corrosion rate of about 20.0 gms./dm. As shown below the alloy of the present invention has a corrosion rate in molten lead oxide of about 10.0 gms./dm. which places it between the iron-base alloy, 21-4N, and the nickel-base alloy, 750.
- the blank is surface ground on both ends to a length of .444 inch, and is finished by hand grinding on dry 240 grit paper over the complete surface.
- the specimen is measured, degreased in methanol, and weighed to the nearest tenth of a milligram. It is then placed in a small magnesia crucible, covered with 40 grams of lead oxide, heated to a temperature of 1675 F., and held for an hour. After cooling to room temperature the specimen is broken out of the lead oxide, scraped to remove the loose lead oxide, and immersed in a molten solution of caustic soda and soda ash (1075 to 1100 F.) for several minutes.
- the specimen is broken out of the lead oxide, scraped to remove the loose lead oxide, and immersed in a molten solution of caustic soda and soda ash (1075 to 1100 F.) for several minutes.
- FIG. 1 is a graphical showing of the corrosion rate in molten lead oxide of the various'iron-chromium-nickel alloys, with both high and low silicon contents.
- FIG. 2 is a similar graphical showing of other ironchromium-nickel alloys containing titanium and aluminum as age hardening elements.
- FIG. 3 is a similar graphical showing of other ironnickel-chromium alloys which also contain manganese as well as titanium and aluminum in varying amounts.
- FIG. 4 is a similar graphical showingof various ironnickel-chromium-manganese alloys which contain titanium and aluminum.
- FIG. 5 is a graphical showing of the elevated temperature, creep-rupture properties of an alloyaccording to the invention and of the analysis set forth therein.
- One objective of the research program resulting in this invention was to survey the corrosion behavior of simple Fe-Cr-Ni alloys which were treated essentially as ternary alloys, in order to determine a suitable base composition for further work.
- Alloys were made with nickel contents in the range 20 to and chromium contents in the range 5 to 30%. Both elements were varied independently of the other except that combinations of nickel and chromium were avoided that did not produce fully austenitic alloys. Silicon and manganese contents consistent with normal steelmaking practice (.2 to 3% and .3 t o .4%,respectively) were OORROSION RATES OF SIMPLE Fe-Cr-Ni CAST ALLOYS (O 0.05% MAX., RESIDUALS NIL) [Corrosion rate, gms./drn. at indicated nickel and chromium contents] Cr content, percent Nickel content, percent:
- the corrosion rates of the 5 Cr and 20 Cr alloys are plotted as a function of nickel content in the upper two curves of FIG. 1, and serve to indicate the potent effect of nickel on corrosion resistance.
- low-silicon alloys do not exhibit increasing corrosion rates with decreasing nickel below about 40%. This appears to be fundamental to alloys of low silicon, and is indicated by the horizontal extension of the low silicon graphs to-the left in FIG. v1 below the 40% Ni level, which implies a maximum corrosion rate of about 16 to 22 grams for Fe-base, Fe-Cr-Ni alloys. According to this figure, the only way'of achieving lower corrosion rates is' to increase the nickel content above 40%. h As pointed out above, one of the requirements for a suitable alloy for internal combustion engine valve "applications is that it be hardenable'by the precipitation of a stable phase, such as carbides or intermetallic com pounds. Obviously, the addition of elements to promote hardening could affect the corrosion behavior of the simple alloys having corrosion resistant properties as above described.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are also evident from FIGS. 1 and 2 that nickel exerts the most influence on the corrosion resistance of these alloys, and it is useful to consider the. effect of other elements in terms of the nickel content required for a given corrosion.rate..
- the term critical nickel content will be used to denote the nickel content required for a corrosion rate of less than grams per square decimeter.
- the effect of adding titanium and aluminum is to increase the nickel content from 45 to about 60% v I FIG. 2 also indicates that the objective ofdeveloping an alloy of lower cost than Inconel 750,. cannot be realized in Fe-Cr-Ni alloys containing titanium and aluminum, since a reduction in nickel from about 75% for Inconel 750 to 60% is not sufficient to affect the cost appreciably.
- the corrosion rate will be less than 15 gms./dm If the chromium is less than the amount indicated the corrosion rate will exceed 55 gms./dm
- Equation 1 is written with silicon as the independent variable. However, if chromium is to be considered as an independent variable, Equationl may be transposed in accordance with Equation 2 below: 1
- alloys VS 54 and VS 55 containing. Ni, 10% Cr, 0.3O.34% Si and about 2.83.6% Ti and Al did not have a chromium content equal to that calculated from Equation 1, yet the corrosion resistance was very good. This serves to illustrate that chromium and silicon variations do not affect corrosion resistance independently of nickel.
- the amount of chromium required can be considerably lower for the 70% nickel alloys than for alloys containing less than about 40% nickel. Since the objective in practicing this invention is to provide good corrosion resistance at low cost, primary concern is with the effects of chromium and silicon at intermediate nickel contents where Equation 1 is valid.'
- the amoun'tof jnickel that may be replaced is about six times the manganese (both have about equal atomic weight); Only about half of the nickel otherwise required maybe thus replaced.
- Manganese has a completely difiYerent function in the alloys of this invention than in known types of iron-base austeniticstainless' steels, such as those containing low nickel, high manganese, carbon, and nitrogen.
- the func tion of manganese in such alloys ' is to stabilize the aus tenitic structure in the absence of'suflicient nickel. From a consideration of the similar corrosion resistance of high manganese stainless steels such as'-21'4N. and'ordinary stainless steels such' as Type 304, it is evident that manganese is not required to impart corrosion resistance thereto.
- the alloys of this invention on' the other hand, contain TABLE VIL-TENSILE PROPERTIES OF HIGH MANGANESE Fe-Or-Ni ALLOYS HARDENED WITH Ti AND Al Strength, 1,000
- - limit is dictated by tensile ductility which drops off sharply chromium, 2% Ti, 1% Al, markedly improves the corrowith hardener contents in excess of about 4%. sion resistance thereof.
- An age hardenable alloy characterized in having a corrosion rate in molten lead oxide as measured in a magnesia crucible of less than about 15 grams per square decirneter, said alloy consisting essentially of up to 0.5% carbon, up to 0.3% nitrogen, up to 0.6% silicon, up to 5% in total amount of at least one metal of the group MO, W and V and combinations thereof, up to 4% copper, up to 0.2% boron, 1.5 to 3% titanium, 0.8 to 1.5% aluminum, 12 to chromium with the chromium content at least equal to 16+43.5 percent silicon, 34 to nickel, 4 to 20% manganese, the nickel content being selected relative to the manganese content to provide said corrosion rate, and the balance substantially iron.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64613067A | 1967-06-14 | 1967-06-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3552950A true US3552950A (en) | 1971-01-05 |
Family
ID=24591886
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US646130A Expired - Lifetime US3552950A (en) | 1967-06-14 | 1967-06-14 | High temperature corrosion resistant fe-g-ni-mn alloy |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3552950A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS4931848B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR1570154A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1206666A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| SE (1) | SE345878B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3778256A (en) * | 1970-12-28 | 1973-12-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Heat-resistant alloy for a combustion liner of a gas turbine |
| US3833358A (en) * | 1970-07-22 | 1974-09-03 | Pompey Acieries | Refractory iron-base alloy resisting to high temperatures |
| US3859082A (en) * | 1969-07-22 | 1975-01-07 | Armco Steel Corp | Wrought austenitic alloy products |
| US3900316A (en) * | 1972-08-01 | 1975-08-19 | Int Nickel Co | Castable nickel-chromium stainless steel |
| US3947266A (en) * | 1974-05-17 | 1976-03-30 | Carondelet Foundry Company | Corrosion-resistant alloys |
| US4088478A (en) * | 1974-04-24 | 1978-05-09 | Carondelet Foundry Company | Corrosion-resistant alloys |
| US4278465A (en) * | 1979-11-02 | 1981-07-14 | Carondelet Foundry Company | Corrosion-resistant alloys |
| US4409025A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-10-11 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4419129A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-12-06 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4442068A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-04-10 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4448749A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-05-15 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4560408A (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1985-12-24 | Santrade Limited | Method of using chromium-nickel-manganese-iron alloy with austenitic structure in sulphurous environment at high temperature |
| US5660938A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1997-08-26 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd., | Fe-Ni-Cr-base superalloy, engine valve and knitted mesh supporter for exhaust gas catalyzer |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5386849U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1976-12-20 | 1978-07-17 | ||
| US4339509A (en) | 1979-05-29 | 1982-07-13 | Howmet Turbine Components Corporation | Superalloy coating composition with oxidation and/or sulfidation resistance |
| RU2308535C1 (ru) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-10-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Сталь |
-
1967
- 1967-06-14 US US646130A patent/US3552950A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1968
- 1968-05-09 GB GB21928/68A patent/GB1206666A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-06-12 FR FR1570154D patent/FR1570154A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-06-12 JP JP43040024A patent/JPS4931848B1/ja active Pending
- 1968-06-13 SE SE7996/68A patent/SE345878B/xx unknown
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3859082A (en) * | 1969-07-22 | 1975-01-07 | Armco Steel Corp | Wrought austenitic alloy products |
| US3833358A (en) * | 1970-07-22 | 1974-09-03 | Pompey Acieries | Refractory iron-base alloy resisting to high temperatures |
| US3778256A (en) * | 1970-12-28 | 1973-12-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Heat-resistant alloy for a combustion liner of a gas turbine |
| US3900316A (en) * | 1972-08-01 | 1975-08-19 | Int Nickel Co | Castable nickel-chromium stainless steel |
| US4088478A (en) * | 1974-04-24 | 1978-05-09 | Carondelet Foundry Company | Corrosion-resistant alloys |
| US3947266A (en) * | 1974-05-17 | 1976-03-30 | Carondelet Foundry Company | Corrosion-resistant alloys |
| US4278465A (en) * | 1979-11-02 | 1981-07-14 | Carondelet Foundry Company | Corrosion-resistant alloys |
| US4409025A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-10-11 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4419129A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-12-06 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4442068A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-04-10 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4448749A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-05-15 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4560408A (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1985-12-24 | Santrade Limited | Method of using chromium-nickel-manganese-iron alloy with austenitic structure in sulphurous environment at high temperature |
| US5660938A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1997-08-26 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd., | Fe-Ni-Cr-base superalloy, engine valve and knitted mesh supporter for exhaust gas catalyzer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1570154A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1969-06-06 |
| GB1206666A (en) | 1970-09-30 |
| SE345878B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-06-12 |
| JPS4931848B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-08-26 |
| DE1758385B1 (de) | 1971-09-23 |
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